Kev tiv thaiv huab cua 2024, Tej zaum
Tham txog kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab Canada, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem tsis hais txog qhov tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tiv thaiv kab ke hauv nws qhov kev ua thiab txawm tias tam sim no txhawb kev hwm rau nws tus yam ntxwv. CIM-10 Bomark txoj haujlwm tau tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Air Force thiab Army tau muaj kev xav sib txawv ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim kho
Tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 2 xaus, cov tub rog Asmeskas muaj cov phom loj tiv thaiv nruab nrab thiab loj-loj, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau me me thiab 12.7-mm tshuab rab phom. Txog xyoo 1947, kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm 90 thiab 120 mm phom hauv Tebchaws Meskas
Txij li thaum nruab nrab-60s, txawm hais tias tau tshaj tawm tias tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, Swedish lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua tau ua tiav rau hauv NATO kev tiv thaiv huab cua hauv Europe. Hauv Sweden, txawm tias ntxov dua NATO, kev tsim cov txheej txheem tswj kev siv tshuab rau huab cua tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej STRIL-60 tau pib. Ua ntej ntawd hauv Sweden
Xav txog cov riam phom Japanese tiv thaiv dav hlau uas nyob hauv pab tub rog thiab tub rog thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias feem ntau ntawm nws tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no. Qhov no yog ib nrab vim tias kev lag luam Nyij Pooj tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj peev txheej, ib feem tsis nkag siab txog Japanese
Fab Kis cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm Fab Kis ua tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua phem. Yog tias Soviet thiab German rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, ntxiv rau lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, tau nquag siv los rhuav tshem cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab lwm lub hom phiaj hauv av, thiab cov neeg Askiv thiab Asmeskas tau ua tiav zoo
Armenia Txawm tias ua ntej kev tawg ntawm Soviet Union, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm haiv neeg pib ntawm Armenia thiab Azerbaijan. Nws muaj keeb kwm kev coj noj coj ua, keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm keeb kwm ntev thiab tau tshwm sim thaum xyoo "perestroika". Xyoo 1991-1994, qhov kev tawm tsam no ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam loj rau kev tswj ntawm Nagorny
Lavxias teb sab Federation. Fighter aircraft Qhov kawg ob feem ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas yog mob siab rau lub xeev ntawm Lavxias txoj kev tiv thaiv huab cua. Thaum pib, nws yog ib qho ntawv tshaj tawm, tab sis txhawm rau kom tsis txhob nkees nyeem nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntau, Kuv yuav tsum faib nws ua ob ntu. Kuv xav ceeb toom koj tam sim: yog tias koj yog "hurray-patriot" thiab
Cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tshwm sim sai tom qab lub dav hlau thiab cov dav hlau pib siv rau tub rog lub hom phiaj. Thaum xub thawj, cov phom me me uas muaj peev xwm nruab nrab ntawm ntau lub tshuab hloov pauv tau siv rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua. Hauv qhov no, cov nplaim hluav taws xob tau siv nrog
Lavxias teb sab Federation. Cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab cov tub rog siv xov tooj cua tsis zoo li Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab European lub tebchaws NATO, hauv peb lub tebchaws muaj tus lej tseem ceeb tiv thaiv cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab nruab nrab thiab cov kab ke ntev tau ceeb toom. Tab sis piv rau Soviet lub sijhawm, lawv tus lej
Azerbaijan Txog thaum 1980, lub ntuj hla Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Stavropol Territory thiab Cheeb Tsam Astrakhan tau tiv thaiv los ntawm ib feem ntawm Baku Air Defense District. Qhov kev tsim ua haujlwm no ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm USSR, ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm North Caucasus thiab Transcaucasia, tau tsim xyoo 1942
Georgia Txog thaum kawg ntawm 80s, chav nyob ntawm 19th cais Tbilisi Air Defense Army, uas yog ib feem ntawm 14th Air Defense Corps, tau nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Georgia. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1, 1988, nrog rau kev koom nrog kev ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm, 14th Air Defence Corps tau raug hloov pauv mus rau hauv 96th Air Defense Division. Nws suav nrog peb lub dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau
Kazakhstan Nyob rau lub sijhawm Soviet, Kazakh SSR nyob hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua kom muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv ntawm Soviet Union. Ob peb qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab ntau lub chaw ntsuas tau nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov koom pheej. Ntxiv rau qhov paub zoo Semipalatinsk qhov chaw sim nuclear thiab Baikonur cosmodrome, qhov tseem ceeb
Ib feem ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas no yuav tsom mus rau Central Asian koom pheej: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan thiab Tajikistan. Ua ntej kev tawg ntawm USSR, cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua thib 12 (12 tiv thaiv huab cua OA), 49 thiab 73 tus tub rog huab cua (49 thiab 73 VA) tau xa mus rau thaj tsam ntawm cov tebchaws no. Hauv 80s, Central Asian
Lub Tebchaws Yelemees Tom qab kev swb ntawm Tebchaws Yelemees hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1 los ntawm Treaty of Versailles, nws raug txwv tsis pub muaj thiab tsim cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau, thiab twb tau tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau raug kev puas tsuaj. Hauv qhov no, ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim qauv thiab siv cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab hauv hlau tau ua hauv Tebchaws Yelemees
Hauv ntu thib ob ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas mob siab rau Ukraine, ntau tus neeg nyeem hauv cov lus tau hais tawm lub siab xav kom paub lawv tus kheej nrog qhov chaw ntawm Ukrainian cov tshuab tiv thaiv dav hlau raws li xyoo 2016. Piv txwv li, Sibiralt sau: "Nws yuav zoo saib" cov phiaj xwm "ntawm kev xa tawm ntawm Ukraine lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua tsis yog rau
Txawm tias qhov tseeb tias Asmeskas cov tub rog tau poob kev txaus siab rau kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom loj, kev txhim kho tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nruab nrab thiab nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab hauv lub sijhawm ua tsov rog tsis tau nres. Xyoo 1948, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75-mm tsis siv neeg M35 tig rov los tau tsim nyob hauv Asmeskas. Cov mos txwv rau rab phom no thaum twg
Tom qab xaus Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Asmeskas cov tub rog tau txais ntau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov phom loj tiv thaiv nruab nrab thiab loj-loj, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau me me thiab nruab phom tshuab. Yog tias nyob hauv lub nkoj lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom loj tseem nyob ntev heev, txij li tub rog
Ukraine Tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm Soviet Union, pab pawg muaj zog tiv thaiv huab cua tseem nyob hauv Ukraine, cov nyiam uas tsis pom nyob hauv ib qho ntawm cov koom pheej koom pheej. Tsuas yog Russia muaj lub peev txheej loj ntawm cov riam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Xyoo 1992, lub dav hlau ntawm Ukrainian SSR tau tiv thaiv los ntawm ob lub cev (49th thiab 60th) ntawm 8
Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, xyoo 1991, Soviet Union muaj lub zog tiv thaiv huab cua zoo tshaj plaws, uas tsis muaj vaj huam sib luag hauv keeb kwm ntiaj teb. Yuav luag tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm lub teb chaws, tshwj tsis yog ib feem ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Siberia, tau npog nrog cov xov tooj cua txuas ntxiv mus tas li. Rau Cov Tub Rog
Ob peb hnub dhau los, cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau tshwm sim ntawm Voennoye Obozreniye hauv ntu Xov Xwm, uas tau hais txog kev hloov pauv ntau lub S-300PS kev tiv thaiv huab cua tiv thaiv kab mob rau Kazakhstan. Ib tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib lub vev xaib tau coj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev tawm tswv yim tias qhov no yog kev them nyiaj Lavxias rau kev siv thaum ntxov
Tom qab tsim cov riam phom nuclear hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nws cov neeg nqa khoom tseem ceeb kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab-60s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX yog cov tswvcuab foob pob ntev. Vim tias kev loj hlob sai hauv cov ntaub ntawv dav hlau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau, hauv 50s, nws tau kwv yees tias nws yuav tshwm sim nyob rau kaum xyoo tom ntej
Los ntawm nruab nrab-70s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, peb cov tub rog nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem hauv cheeb tsam hauv Middle East thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj Asia tau sau ntau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv kev siv cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no tau thov rau S-75 kev tiv thaiv huab cua. Qhov nyuaj no, xub tsim los tiv thaiv kev nce siab
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 11, 1957, los ntawm Tsab Cai ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Hauv Nroog ntawm CPSU thiab Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm USSR, SA-75 "Dvina" tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nrog 1D (B-750) tau siv rau riam phom ntawm lub teb chaws tiv thaiv huab cua thiab tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Cov Hauv Paus Hauv Paus (cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm no: Thawj Soviet huab cua tiv thaiv huab cua S-75) .ZRK tsev neeg S-75 rau lub sijhawm ntev tsim lub hauv paus
Xyoo 1973, Tub Rog Askiv tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog lub dav hlau tiv thaiv huab cua ntev (Hiav Txwv Dart), tsim los ntawm Hawker Siddeley Dynamics. Nws tau npaj los hloov qhov tsis ua tiav-hiav txwv Slag. Thawj lub nkoj ua rog nrog qhov nyuaj no yog Hom 82 destroyer Bristol. Nyob
Hauv 50-60s, hauv ntau lub tebchaws uas muaj lub peev xwm tshawb fawb thiab txuj ci tsim nyog, tau tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau (SAM). Rau nruab nrab thiab ntev-ntau lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm thawj tiam, raws li txoj cai, xov tooj cua hais qhia kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau coj cov foob pob (SAMs) rau lub hom phiaj tau siv
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-70s, cov tub rog ntawm Soviet Army tau ua tub rog nrog kev ua haujlwm tau zoo tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm nruab nrab thiab luv luv nyob rau pem hauv ntej, pab tub rog, faib thiab faib qib. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv huab cua no yog "ib leeg-channel phiaj xwm", ua lwm yam, koj tuaj yeem ua tau
Cov phiaj xwm tiv thaiv huab cua tau ib txwm muaj thiab tseem nyob ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm kev txawj ntse tshaj plaws, thev naus laus zis siab thiab hom khoom siv tub rog kim. Yog li, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm lawv tsim thiab tsim khoom, nrog rau kev muaj cov thev naus laus zis siab ntawm qib kev lag luam, muaj qhov tsim nyog
Los ntawm nruab nrab-60s hauv USSR, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim nruab nrab thiab luv-ntau huab cua tiv thaiv kab ke tau ua tiav tiav, tab sis suav nrog thaj tsam thaj tsam loj ntawm lub tebchaws, tsim kev tiv thaiv kab ntawm txoj hauv kev uas yuav ya dav hlau ntawm cov yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm kev ya dav hlau mus rau thaj tsam uas muaj neeg nyob coob tshaj plaws thiab muaj chaw tsim khoom ntawm USSR siv cov no
Qhov kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Txias thiab kev sib tsoo ntawm USSR rau qee lub sijhawm txo qhov kev hem thawj ntawm kev ua tub rog loj. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, cov tebchaws koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam thoob ntiaj teb tau ntsib kev txo qis hauv lawv cov tub rog thiab pob nyiaj siv tub rog. Nws zoo li muaj coob leej hais tias tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm communist
Txij li ib nrab ntawm 60s, kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau foob pob hluav taws tau pib ua lub luag haujlwm pom hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cheeb tsam, hloov pauv cov tswv yim ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus hauv aviation. Tam sim no sab ntawm qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, uas muaj huab cua zoo tshaj, tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm
Hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm 70s, kev tshem tawm cov haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm tiv thaiv huab cua yav dhau los tau pib hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias ICBMs dhau los ua lub ntsiab lus xa khoom ntawm Soviet riam phom nuclear, tiv thaiv uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem ua kev tiv thaiv. Kev sim ntawm kev siv raws li
Cov koom pheej ntawm Kazakhstan yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj CSTO cov phooj ywg rau peb lub tebchaws. Qhov tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm Kazakhstan cuam tshuam ob qho tib si nrog nws thaj chaw nyob thiab thaj chaw nyob, thiab nrog kev muaj nyob hauv cov koom pheej ntawm ntau lub chaw tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Thaum lub sij hawm Soviet Union, ib ncig
Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Txias, kev tshem tawm ntawm Warsaw Pact thiab kev sib tsoo ntawm Soviet Union, nws zoo li ntau tus neeg hauv ntiaj teb yuav tsis muaj kev hem thawj ntxiv los ntawm kev ua tsov rog thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hem thawj ntawm kev nthuav tawm ntawm kev xav phem, NATO txoj kev nce qib mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab lwm tus
Yuav luag ib hlis dhau los, Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tub Rog luam tawm tsab xov xwm tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm Lub Xeev Tam Sim No ntawm Armenian Air Defense System. Hauv lawv cov lus hais rau nws, qee qhov "txiv neej kub" nyob hauv Azerbaijan tau tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb. Pom tseeb, qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias Armenia thiab Azerbaijan, uas yog ib zaug
Txog thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, kev ya dav hlau twb yog ib qho kev hem thawj loj rau cov nkoj loj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab huab cua, Lavxias Imperial Fleet tau txais ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws
Qhov kev ceeb toom foob pob hluav taws (EWS) hais txog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nrog kev tiv thaiv foob pob hluav taws, tswj chaw thiab tiv thaiv tiv thaiv chaw tiv thaiv chaw. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ceeb toom ntxov yog ib feem ntawm Aerospace Defense Forces raws li hauv qab no
Tsov rog tiv thaiv dav hlau Soviet ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, thaum muaj kev tawm tsam, 21,645 lub dav hlau raug tua los ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua hauv av ntawm cov tub rog hauv av, suav nrog 4047 lub dav hlau nrog phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm 76 hli thiab ntau dua, thiab 14 nrog cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau
Hauv USSR, txawm hais tias muaj ntau txoj haujlwm tsim ua ntej ua tsov rog thiab ua tsov rog, phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nrog lub peev xwm ntau dua 85 hli yeej tsis tau tsim dua. Qhov nce ntawm qhov nrawm thiab qhov siab ntawm cov foob pob tsim nyob rau sab hnub poob yuav tsum tau ua sai sai hauv qhov kev qhia no
Nyob rau xyoo tom qab tsov rog, Soviet Union txuas ntxiv txhim kho txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab huab cua. Ua ntej qhov kev saws me nyuam los tiv thaiv cov dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, txoj haujlwm no tau muab rau lub dav hlau tua rog thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau tshuab rab phom thiab cov phom loj
Kev tsim S-75 tiv thaiv dav hlau coj los tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau pib ua raws txoj cai ntawm Pawg Sab Laj ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai No. system los tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau. " Thaum lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union