Fabkis
Cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau Fab Kis ua tsis tau zoo kom muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ua phem. Yog tias Soviet thiab German phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, ntxiv rau lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, tau nquag siv los rhuav tshem cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab lwm lub hom phiaj hauv av, thiab Askiv thiab Asmeskas tau ua tiav zoo tiv thaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv los ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov foob pob thiab V-1 cuaj luaj, Fabkis tau ua tsis ua tiav dab tsi. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm riam phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau tsim hauv Fab Kis, uas muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lub tank zoo, uas yog cov neeg German tom qab siv, leej twg ntes cov riam phom no.
Tsis zoo li ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe, qhov uas siv 20-mm Oerlikon, hauv Fab Kis qhov tsawg kawg nkaus hauv MZA tau sawv cev los ntawm rab phom 25-mm. Qhov no yog txawm tias qhov tseeb tias kev tsim cov phom loj 20-mm tau ua los ntawm Hispano-Suiza SA. Kev txhim kho ntawm 25-hli dav dav tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv lub tank tsis siv phom ntawm Hotchkiss tau pib nyob rau ib nrab ntawm ib nrab ntawm 20s. Tab sis Fab Kis cov tub rog tsis txaus siab rau rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshiab, ntseeg tias rab phom hnyav 13, 2 hli Hotchkiss M1929 yuav txaus rau cua thiab hauv av maj mam ua lub hom phiaj phom sij. Cov xwm txheej hauv Spain, qhov twg German 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 2.0 cm FlaK 30 tau siv tau zoo tiv thaiv Soviet lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam T-26, yuam cov tub rog rov xav txog lawv cov kev xav. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov thawj coj tau rov qab los rau lub tuam txhab "Hotchkiss" thiab thov kom tsim cov phom loj 25-mm.
Txog lub sijhawm ntawd, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 25-mm xaj los ntawm Romania twb tau tsim lawm. Tab sis cov lus txib ntawm pab tub rog Fab Kis tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntev npaum li cas nws xav tau tiag tiag, thiab ntau zaug tau hloov pauv qhov xav tau ntawm tus nqi hluav taws thiab kev tsim cov phom phom. Lub tsheb thauj khoom qub tau pom tias tsis ruaj khov, uas coj mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom tshiab thiab ob lub log pem hauv ntej kawg rau nws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub sijhawm poob thiab kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau pib nkag mus rau cov tub rog tsuas yog ua ntej muaj kev tawm tsam.
25-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Hotchkiss Mle xyoo 1938
Ob qhov sib txawv ntawm 25-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau nkag mus rau tsim-lub teeb thiab hnyav. Ib qho-25-hli rab phom tsis siv neeg Hotchkiss Mle 1938 (Mitrailleuse de 25-mm sur affut universel Hotchkiss Modele 1938) tau teeb tsa thiab thauj ntawm lub tsheb thauj neeg tsav tsheb. Lwm qhov yog Hotchkiss Mle 1939, uas yog hnyav dua thiab ruaj khov dua riam phom rau siv hauv cov chaw nyob ruaj khov. Ob qho piv txwv muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm.
Rau 25-hli rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, muaj plaub hom 25x163 Hotchkiss Mle1938 qhov projectiles-tawg, tawg tawg tawg tawg, tawg riam phom thiab cuab yeej cuab tam. Ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 300 metres, lub foob pob ua ntxaij hlau hnyav 280 grams, nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 870 m / s, tho 30-hli cov cuab yeej ua rog raws li qhov qub. Ntawd yog, xyoo 1940, rab phom no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau pem hauv ntej cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm German cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab lub tso tsheb hlau luam, nrog rau cov cuab yeej siv sab nruab nrab. Txawm li cas los xij, Mle 1938 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob meej pem nrog SA34 / SA37 phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas muaj zog ntau dua 25x194R puag ncig.
Lub tshuab tau siv los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm carob rau 15 lub plhaub tso los saum toj no. Qhov kev txiav txim siab no txwv qhov kev siv hluav taws kub mus rau 100-120 rds / min. Qhov hnyav ntawm Mle 1938 hauv qhov chaw tua yog kwv yees li 800 kg. Qhov nrawm ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm 262 g qhov tawg ua qhov projectile yog 900 m / s. Kev tua hluav taws zoo - 3000 m. Qhov siab mus txog - 2000 m.
Kuj tseem muaj kev hloov kho ntawm Mle 1939 thiab Mle 1940, uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pom thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuab. Tsis ntev ua ntej kev tawm tsam German thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1940, Lub tuam txhab Hotchkiss tsim cov khoom me me ntawm ntxaib 25 mm Mle 1940J kev teeb tsa. Cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm lub tuam txhab "Hotchkiss" nyob rau hmo ua tsov rog tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm pab tub rog Fab Kis hais txog kev tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Fab Kis cov tub rog tau txais txog 1000 25-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho-tsis sib xws tsawg dua qhov xav tau.
Tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Fabkis, qee qhov 25-mm tshuab rab phom tseem nyob hauv txhais tes ntawm Vichy cov tub rog, qee qhov tau siv los tiv thaiv dav hlau tua phom ntawm Dawb Fabkis hauv Middle East, tab sis feem coob ntawm cov muaj sia nyob 25-mm phom tau los ua German khoom plig. Tom qab ntawd, lawv feem ntau suav nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm phab ntsa Atlantic. Lawv tau muab 2.5-cm Flak Hotchkiss 38 thiab 2.5-cm Flak Hotchkiss 39 ntsuas thiab teeb tsa kev tso cov foob pob hauv Fabkis. Thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, ntau 25-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau teeb tsa los ntawm cov neeg German ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog, thiab tseem siv lawv ua lub teeb tiv thaiv lub tank hauv kev tiv thaiv txoj kev sib ntaus.
Txawm hais tias tau tsim kev lag luam caj npab, Fab Kis tiv thaiv dav hlau tua phom, zoo li cov tub rog, tag nrho, tsis tau npaj txhij rau kev sib tsoo nrog lub tshuab German tub rog. Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Fab Kis uas poob rau hauv Germans txhais tes tom qab ntawd tau siv hauv cov lus qhia thib ob lossis xa mus rau Cov Phooj Ywg.
Tsis ntev ua ntej tsov rog, tsoomfwv Fab Kis tau xaj 700 37-mm tsis siv phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Schneider 37 mm Mle 1930. Raws li hauv qab no los ntawm kev tsim, rab phom no tau tsim xyoo 1930, tab sis vim tsis muaj kev xaj los ntawm nws cov tub rog, nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov ntau tsawg rau kev xa tawm.
37 hli 1930
Cov phom me tau txais los ntawm Romania. Xyoo 1940, lub tuam txhab Schneider tswj tau hloov pauv ob peb rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 37-mm rau cov tub rog xwb. Nws nyuaj rau tham txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej no, txij li lawv tsis muaj kab hauv keeb kwm. Tab sis, txiav txim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis, nws yog qhov tsim qauv zoo tshaj plaws rau nws lub sijhawm. Qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua yog 1340 kg, qhov hluav taws kub yog 170 rds / min, qhov ua tau zoo yog 3000 meters.
Thawj Fab Kis 75-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom Autocanon de 75 mm MLE 1913 tau tsim los ntawm cov lus qub 75 mm Mle. 1897. Cov phom ntawm hom no tau teeb tsa ntawm lub chassis ntawm De Dion tsheb. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tau muaj sia nyob txog thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II thiab raug ntes los ntawm Wehrmacht.
Hauv pab tub rog Fab Kis, tsis siv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75 hli. 1915 a rwm. Xyoo 1917 tau ua haujlwm nyob rau xyoo 1940. Tom qab pib tsim kho txoj kab tiv thaiv Maginot, tag nrho cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau raug tshem tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv dav hlau nyob ib puag ncig Paris thiab muab tso rau hauv pob zeb casemates thiab caponiers zoo li rab phom zoo ib yam. Tab sis thaum ntxov 30s, thaum lub cim tshiab ntawm kev kub ceev thiab siab dav dav tau tshwm sim, Fab Kis hais kom txiav txim siab xa tsawg kawg ib feem ntawm cov phom mus rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua, ua rau lawv hloov kho tshiab. Cov phom ntawm cov phom qub. Xyoo 1915 tau hloov pauv los ntawm qhov ntev dua uas tsim los ntawm Schneider kev txhawj xeeb. Cov phom uas tau hloov kho los ua lub npe hu ua 75-mm mod. 17/34. Lub thoob tshiab tau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv zoo thiab nce lub qab nthab ntawm cov hluav taws.
Hauv 30s, lub tuam txhab Schneider tau tshaj tawm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab ntawm xyoo 1932. Lub phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau no sawv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub nkoj cruciform, thiab cov phom loj tau nyob hauv qab nws, nyob ze ntawm lub breech. Xyoo 1940, cov tub rog muaj rab phom 192 75-mm ntawm tus qauv tshiab. Xyoo 1936, tau siv lwm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75-mm tshiab, uas yog xav kom dhau los ua tus kheej. Tus qauv xyoo 1932 tau pab los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cuaj, raug rho tawm 25 zaug hauv ib feeb thiab tuaj yeem rub ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 40 km / h.
Fabkis 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm 1932 tus qauv raug ntes los ntawm pab tub rog German.
Tom qab kev tawm tsam German ntawm Fab Kis, Fab Kis cov thawj coj tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab txog lawv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75 hli. Cov phiaj xwm phom sij nyob deb ntawm qhov ua tiav; ntau rab phom muaj cov phom ntawm 1897 tus qauv ntawm lub xyoo. Thaum lub sijhawm Wehrmacht tawm tsam thaum lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Rau Hli 1940, 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam dab tsi rau qhov kev ua phem, cov neeg German tau ntes ntau 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Cov qauv qub tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv lub txaj thiab xa mus ntxiv dag zog tiv thaiv phab ntsa Atlantic, thiab cov phom tshiab tau tawm tsam ua ib feem ntawm Wehrmacht kom txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, suav nrog kev tshem tawm Allied tsaws hauv Normandy thiab sib ntaus sib tua Askiv thiab Asmeskas cov tsheb tiv thaiv.. Hauv tebchaws Yelemes, ntau yam qauv ntawm Fabkis cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau raug xaiv los ua 7.5 cm FlaK M.17 / 34 (f), 7.5 cm FlaK M.33 (f) thiab 7.5 cm FlaK M.36 (f).
Ltalis
Tsis muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv hais txog phom phom tiv thaiv Italian hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv tub rog-txuj ci. Tej zaum qhov no yog vim lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Ltalis thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tsim txuj ci Italian muaj peev xwm tsim tau, thiab kev lag luam los tsim ntau yam piv txwv zoo ntawm kev siv riam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Yuav luag txhua lub npe nrov Italian phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv av.
Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1931, lub tuam txhab kev tshaj lij ntawm pab tub rog Italian tau tshaj tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv rau kev txhim kho thoob ntiaj teb tiv thaiv lub tank thiab tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshuab rab phom ntawm 20-25 hli. Lub tuam txhab Breda nthuav tawm nws cov qauv, tsim los ntawm Fab Kis qhov loj-muaj peev xwm 13.2-mm tshuab rab phom Hotchkiss Mle 1929. Cov phom loj, tsim los ntawm Canon mitrailleur Breda de 20/65 mod.35., Tau txais cov cuab yeej siv roj tsis siv neeg Hotchkiss thiab siv qhov tseeb Swiss mos txwv 20x138В - muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm 20 -mm zoo li qub. Cov phom uas muaj qhov ntev ntawm 1300 mm (65 calibers) tau muab qhov projectile nrog lub qhov ncauj qhov ncauj tshaj li ntawm 800 m / s thiab kev ntaus nrig zoo heev. Cov zaub mov tau nqa los ntawm daim tawv nruj rau 12 lub plhaub.
Universal 20 mm cannon 20/65 Breda Mod. 1935
Cov kev sim hauv thaj av tau qhia tias cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau ntawm qhov deb li 200 metres nce mus txog 30 hli ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo sib xws. Ib qho kev paub dhau los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb 20-mm Breda cannons, xa mus rau Spain uas yog ib feem ntawm kev pab tub rog rau Franco cov neeg nyiam tebchaws, pom tau zoo hauv kev tawm tsam lub teeb Soviet T-26 tso tsheb hlau luam. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 138 rab phom raug xa mus rau Spain uas yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg pab dawb pab dawb.
Tom qab ntawd, rab phom tsis siv neeg no tau nthuav dav thoob plaws hauv cov tub rog Italian thiab tau tsim los ntawm ntau lub tshuab log thiab lub hauv caug nyob hauv ib leeg thiab ntxaib. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1942, cov tub rog muaj 2,442 Breda 20/65 mod.35 phom ntev, 326 chav nyob tau ua haujlwm nrog cov tub rog tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab 40 phom ntev tau muab tso rau ntawm cov tsheb nqaj hlau, 169 daim tau yuav los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam ntawm lawv tus kheej cov nqi. tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam huab cua. Lwm 240 thooj av nyob hauv Navy. Xyoo 1936, tau tsim kho Breda rab phom tshuab, npaj rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau nquag siv hauv kev txhim kho ntauwd ntawm L6 / 40 tso tsheb hlau luam, tsheb tiv thaiv AB.40, 41 thiab 43.
Kev sim siv Breda 20/65 mod.35 raws li rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank hauv North Africa, raws li txoj cai, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov phom loj 20-mm tsis tuaj yeem nkag tau txawm tias cov cuab yeej ua ntej ntawm "cruiser" tso tsheb hlau luam "Crusader", tsis hais txog kev tiv thaiv ntau dua "Matilda".
Tom qab Ltalis tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua tsov rog, coob leej 20-mm Breda tau raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg German, uas tau siv lawv raws li lub npe 2cm FlaK-282 (i). Lub Wehrmacht siv ntau dua 800 tus neeg Italian 20-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Cov phom no tseem tau xa tawm mus rau Finland thiab Tuam Tshoj. Thaum Tsov Rog Sino-Nyij Pooj, rab phom tshuab tau siv los ua phom loj tiv thaiv lub tank. Cov neeg Askiv muaj Italian MZA hauv qhov tseem ceeb. Cov neeg Askiv tau tshaj 200 lub phom phom tshuab rau Tito's Yugoslav cov koom nrog.
Thaum pib Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, pab tub rog Italian thiab tub rog tau ntsib qhov tseeb tias 20-mm Breda 20/65 Mod. Xyoo 1935 hais txog cov nqi tsim khoom lag luam qis dua qhov xav tau. Hauv qhov pom ntawm qhov no, nws tau txiav txim siab yuav tus lej ntxiv ntawm 20-mm Cannone-Mitragliera da 20/77 cannons tsim los ntawm Scotti rau xa tawm.
Tsis zoo li Breda cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, Scotty mount tau siv los ntawm 60-round nruas magazine, uas tau txiav txim siab ua ntej tshaj qhov hluav taws kub. Hauv cov lus hais, ob rab phom tau sib npaug. Ib tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm Cannone-Mitragliera da 20/77 tau siv los ntawm German pab tub rog nyob rau sab qaum teb Africa, tab sis hauv tebchaws Ltalis nws tus kheej, kev tsim 20-mm Scotti cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau qis dua Breda cov khoom. Tag nrho tus naj npawb ntawm Scotti phom ntev uas tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Ltalis yog kwv yees li ntawm 300.
Xyoo 1932, ntawm Breda lub tuam txhab, raws li kev tsim ntawm tib lub Hotchkiss rab phom loj uas muaj rab phom loj, lawv tau tsim rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 37-mm 37 mm / 54 Mod. 1932. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws tau npaj los hloov cov tub rog 40-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom QF 2 lub tshuab nqus tsev Mark II. Cov neeg tsav nkoj tsis txaus siab nrog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim, siv daim ntaub xaum thiab lub zog tsis txaus ntawm cov mos txwv, ua ke nrog cov yam ntxwv me me ntawm 40-mm Askiv tiv thaiv dav hlau tshuab dav hlau, tsim thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub foob pob ntawm 37-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau "Breda" tau hla lub tebchaws Askiv "pom-pom", tab sis rab phom nws tus kheej tsis tau ua tiav. Vim tias muaj kev vibration siab, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tsis siv neeg tau qis. Txog thaum Ltalis nkag mus ua rog, cov tub rog tsuas muaj 310 rab phom xwb, thiab 108 rab phom me me ntxiv tau siv nrog rau cov tub rog tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Tom qab swb ntawm cov tub rog Italian hauv North Africa thaum kawg xyoo 1942, cov tub rog tsuas muaj 92 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau xwb 92.
Xyoo 1926, Ansaldo tau muab cov tub rog siv phom 75-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev sim ntawm rab phom tau rub mus, thiab nws tau nkag mus siv tsuas yog xyoo 1934. Hauv kev tsim rab phom, kev cuam tshuam ntawm 76-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom ntawm Askiv ruaj "Vickers" tau pom. Cov phom tau txais lub npe Cannone da 75/46 C. A. modello 34, hauv cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv tsev nws feem ntau hu ua "Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75/46 mod. 34 "ib.
Roj teeb tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm 75-hli phom Cannone da 75/46 C. A. qauv 34
Cov riam phom tsis ci nrog kev ua tiav tshwj xeeb, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws sib raug zoo nrog nws lub hom phiaj. Qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua yog 3300 kg. Lub plhaub uas hnyav 6.5 kg ya tawm ntawm lub thoob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 750 m / s. Cov phom tuaj yeem tua ntawm lub hom phiaj ya ntawm qhov siab txog 8300 meters. Tus nqi hluav taws - 15 rds / min. Txawm hais tias nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav nrog cov dav hlau sib ntaus niaj hnub no, kev tsim cov phom txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1942. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm tus nqi qis thiab kev txhim kho zoo hauv pab tub rog. Tab sis lawv tau tsim me ntsis, xyoo 1942 tsuas muaj 226 rab phom hauv kev sib ntaus. Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 75-mm tswj tau sau tseg hauv Africa thiab hauv USSR.
Cov neeg tua phom dav hlau Italian tua hluav taws los ntawm rab phom 75-mm ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv av
Ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 300 metres, lub foob pob ua phom tiv thaiv los ntawm Italian 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau muaj peev xwm nkag tau 90 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog. Txawm hais tias muaj kev txheeb ze tsawg, cov phom no feem ntau siv los tua ntawm cov hom phiaj hauv av. Xyoo 1943, tom qab kev swb, tag nrho cov seem 75/46 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau sau npe los ntawm cov neeg German thiab txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub npe Flak 264 (i).
Xyoo 1940, Italian cov chaw tiv thaiv huab cua hauv av pib tau txais 90-mm Cannone da 90/53 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Hauv qhov sib piv rau cov phom ntev 75-mm, cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab nrog lub zog pib ntawm 10, 3-kg projectile ntawm 830 m / s tuaj yeem tsoo cov foob pob ntawm qhov siab txog 10 km. Qhov siab tshaj plaws - 17000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws - 19 rds / min.
Xyoo 1939, tau xaj xaj rau 1,087 rab phom nyob ruaj ruaj thiab 660 tus tuav. Txawm li cas los xij, txog xyoo 1943, kev lag luam hauv Italis tau tswj kom muab tsuas yog 539 phom, suav nrog 48 hloov pauv rau kev ua tub rog ntawm RT ACS. Vim qhov tseeb tias rab phom tig los ua lub teeb tsis dhau - 8950 kg, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov dav hlau, nws tau npaj los teeb tsa nws ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom txawm tias nyob rau theem tsim. Tus naj npawb tseeb ntawm "khoom thauj" ZSU ua hauv Ltalis tsis paub, tab sis raws li tus lej kwv yees, tsis pub ntau tshaj ib puas ntawm lawv raug tso tawm. Cov tsheb loj hnyav Lancia 3Ro thiab Dovunque 35 tau siv ua lub cev.
Lub tsev ntawm kev paub lus German nrog FlaK 18, Italian 90mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau kuj tseem siv los tiv thaiv lub tank lossis phom phom loj, txawm hais tias me me. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 metres, lub foob pob ua phom tiv thaiv ib txwm nkag mus rau 190 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog, thiab ntawm 1000 meters - 150 hli.
Yog tias cov tub rog Italian, txawm hais tias tsis muaj teeb meem, tseem tuaj yeem tiv nrog lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, thawj qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov tub rog Italian nrog Soviet T-34 thiab KV tso tsheb hlau luam ua rau muaj kev xav zoo ntawm kev hais kom ua ntawm Cov Tub Ceev Xwm (CSIR). Yog li nws tau tsim nyog kom muaj rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tso rau hauv kev pabcuam, muaj peev xwm tawm tsam txhua hom tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov phom 75mm tau txiav txim siab tias tsis muaj zog txaus, yog li qhov kev xaiv poob rau ntawm Cannone da 90/53. Lub chassis ntawm M13 / 40 lub tank nruab nrab tau ua lub hauv paus. Lub tank rhuav tshem tshiab tau txais lub npe Semovente da 90 / 53.
Italian tank destroyer Semovente da 90/53
Sab nraub qaum muaj lub log tsheb ib nrab qhib nrog rab phom 90-mm, pem hauv ntej muaj lub chaw tswj, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv muaj lub cav. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm rab phom yog 40 ° hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia. Ntsug taw qhia kaum: -8 ° txog + 24 °. Lub zog ntawm rab phom tau txaus los rhuav tshem ib lub tank Soviet, tab sis kev ntaus nqi ntawm ACS tau txo qis los ntawm kev nyab xeeb qis ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm cov mos txwv thiab cov shrapnel. Yog li, rab phom Italian tus kheej tuaj yeem tsuas yog ua haujlwm tau zoo los ntawm kev tawm tsam lossis nyob hauv txoj haujlwm npaj ua ntej.
Lub tank destroyer Semovente da 90/53 tau npaj los ua caj npab tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm Italian cov neeg sib cav yeej ntawm Stalingrad, tab sis nws tsis muaj sijhawm los txog ntawd. Thaum pib xyoo 1943, Ansaldo lub tuam txhab tau muab 30 rab phom tua tus kheej rau cov tub rog, uas tau muab coj los ua 5 pawg sib faib ntawm 6 rab phom rau tus kheej thiab 4 lub tso tsheb hlau luam hauv txhua qhov. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1943, cov neeg rhuav tshem lub tank Italian tau tsoo thiab tsoo ntau tus neeg Asmeskas Shermans thaum sib ntaus hauv Sicily. Hauv qhov kev sib tw luv tab sis muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, 24 rab phom tua tus kheej nrog rab phom 90-mm tau raug puas tsuaj los yog los ntawm cov phoojywg. Tom qab Ltalis txoj kev swb, cov tseem muaj sia nyob SPG tau raug ntes los ntawm pab tub rog German. Xyoo 1944, Semovente da 90/53 phom tua tus kheej tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Anglo-American pab tub rog nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub tebchaws. Tib txoj hmoo tau tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm cov muaj sia nyob 90-mm rub phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Thoob plaws xyoo 1944, Cov tub rog German muaj tsawg kawg 250 90-mm Italian phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv qab qhov kev teev npe 9 cm Flak 41 (i) ntawm lawv qhov pov tseg.
