Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv

Cov txheej txheem:

Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv
Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv

Video: Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv

Video: Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv
Video: XOVXWM KUB 10/7:SUAV NPAJ TUB ROG QHIB TSOV ROG TUA MEKAS LAWM,TAIWAN TABTOM NTSIB KEV PHOM SIJ HEEV 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim
Duab
Duab

Yog hais tias nws yog txawm dominion

Txhua lub tebchaws Askiv, suav nrog Australian Union, tau koom nrog hauv kev muab tub rog-txuj ci thiab khoom noj pab rau USSR los ntawm Great Britain. Nws kuj tseem yog kev pab tib neeg xa raws li ib feem ntawm pawg neeg koom nrog mus rau USSR hla Arctic, los ntawm txoj kev hauv Persian los yog mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob Soviet cov chaw nres nkoj.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv Australian rau Far East tau yuav luag tas li nyob rau hauv qhov kev hem thawj ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm Nyij Pooj Cua thiab Tub Rog, vim tias txij thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 8, 1941, Great Britain thiab nws txoj cai - ua ke nrog Tebchaws Meskas, Holland thiab De Gaulle's "Free France" - tawm tsam nrog Nyij Pooj.

Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv …
Thiab Australia uas koom nrog lawv …

Yuav luag ob xyoos, xyoo 1942-1943, cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau nyob ruaj khov nyob ib puag ncig sab qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm tebchaws Australia. Lawv niaj hnub foob pob thiab foob pob cov tub rog thiab cov khoom siv rau pej xeem, suav nrog chaw nres nkoj. Tab sis txawm tias nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kev pab cuam ntawm Australian pab mus rau USSR, nws yog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws, tsis tau tso tseg.

Cov ntawv cog lus sib koom ua ke ntawm USSR thiab Great Britain, tau kos npe hauv Moscow thiab London thaum Lub Xya Hli 1941 thiab Tsib Hlis 1942, feem, tau txuas ntxiv mus rau txhua qhov kev tswj hwm Askiv. Qhov no tau tshaj tawm rau lub Rau Hli 30, 1941 los ntawm tsoomfwv Askiv lub luag haujlwm hauv Moscow ("Lub Rau Hli 1941: txhua yam rau Koomhaum, txhua yam rau Kev Yeej").

Yog li, Moscow tus phooj ywg, tsis ntev tom qab Lub Rau Hli 22, 1941, yog pawg, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd suav txog li ib feem peb ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev xa tawm thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam thiab ntau dua ib nrab ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj.

Nov yog li cas Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Txawv Tebchaws Lavxias Sergei Lavrov tau piav txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm Soviet-Australian thaum lub sijhawm ua rog xyoo 2017:

Duab
Duab

75 xyoo dhau los, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 10, 1942, ib daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe hauv London txog kev tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm USSR thiab Australia. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2, 1943, Cov neeg sawv cev hauv tebchaws Australia tuaj txog hauv lub nroog Kuibyshev los tsim lub chaw lis haujlwm, uas tau qhib rau Lub Ib Hlis 26, Hnub Australia. Lub hom phiaj ntawm Soviet txoj haujlwm tau tshwm sim hauv Canberra thaum Lub Rau Hli 2, 1943.

Nco qab tias Australian Embassy, nrog rau lwm tus, tau tsiv los ntawm Kuibyshev mus rau Moscow txij thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1943. Sergey Lavrov kuj tau sau tseg tias

peb nco txog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov neeg Australian rau peb lub tebchaws nyob rau xyoo nyuaj ntawm kev ua tsov rog tiv thaiv kev ntxub ntxaug. Hauv tebchaws Australia, tau tshaj tawm phiaj xwm "Sheepskin rau Russia" tau ua tiav, nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum uas peb cov tub rog tau txais los ntawm "sab av loj ntsuab" txog 400,000 lub tsho tiv plaub yaj; txog 40 ntim nrog tshuaj thiab khoom siv kho mob raug xa mus rau tsev kho mob.

Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas ib nrab ntawm cov khoom no tau tuaj rau Russia tsis yog nyob hauv Txoj Haujlwm Lend-Lease, tab sis yog kev pab tib neeg dawb.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev swb ntawm Nazism, raws li cov lus pov thawj ntawm Lavxias tus thawj coj, tau ua los ntawm pawg neeg koom nrog, uas Australian cov kws tsav dav hlau thiab cov neeg tsav nkoj tau koom nrog. Lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tau cim los ntawm FF Ushakov cov khoom plig, nrog rau cov khoom plig jubilee lub sijhawm rau ntau lub hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Kev yeej hauv Great Patriotic War xyoo 1941-1945.

Kwv yees li 600 tus tub rog Australian qub tub rog tau txais khoom plig zoo li no thaum xyoo 2000s.

Qhov no tsis hnov qab

Cov phiaj xwm los pab USSR tau teeb tsa hauv tebchaws Australia thaum Lub Xya Hli 1941 los ntawm Julia Street (1893-1968), cov pej xeem paub zoo. Nws nrhiav tau nyob rau tib lub sijhawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Pab Kho Mob rau Russia, uas tau muaj txog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1945 suav nrog. Ntawm qhov pib ntawm Australo-Soviet Friendship Society (coj los ntawm J. Street hauv 1941-1964) hauv Sydney thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1941. Congress of Friendship ntawm Australia thiab USSR tau tshwm sim.

Pawg neeg tau tshaj tawm txog kev sau nyiaj thiab lwm yam khoom siv los pab rau Soviet Union. Ntawm txoj haujlwm no, txhawb los ntawm tsoomfwv Australian, tag nrho cov nyiaj pabcuam rau USSR ntawm tib txoj haujlwm pib tshaj xyoo 1942-1945. USD 170 lab (qhov nruab nrab pauv tus nqi rau 1942-1945).

Thaum siv cov peev nyiaj no, ntau dua 40% tau them rau kev xa cov nplej thiab lwm yam khoom noj, yuav luag 40% - cov paj rwb nyoos, tshuaj thiab khoom siv kho mob, hnav khaub ncaws, thiab nce txog 20% - ntaub plaub, hnov, cov khoom lag luam ntawm lawv ua thiab cov khoom tawv.

Piv txwv li, thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1941, cov neeg thauj khoom ntawm Chaw Nkoj Kembla tau pauv lawv cov nyiaj hli tag nrho los ntawm kev thauj lub nkoj Soviet "Minsk" nrog qiv cov khoom qiv rau kev yuav khoom ntawm cov tsiaj yaj rau USSR. Xyoo 1944-1946. Cov koom haum Lavxias pej xeem hauv Sydney tau xa 13 lub thawv nrog khau, khoom noj thiab lwm yam khoom mus rau chaw tu menyuam ntsuag # 1 hauv Smolensk los pab cov menyuam ntsuag ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog; Tsoomfwv Lavxias hauv Melbourne xa 5 lub thawv tshuaj thiab khoom siv kho mob rau menyuam yaus lub tsev kho mob npe tom qab Rauch hauv Leningrad; Ntawm kev sau los ntawm Lavxias pawg neeg hauv nroog Melbourne, cov khoom noj menyuam yaus thiab tshuaj rau menyuam yaus hauv Soviet tau txais thiab muab.

Duab
Duab

Raws li koj paub, kev ua tub rog-nom tswv hauv cheeb tsam Asia-Pacific thaum kawg xyoo 1941 tau dhau los ua qhov txaus ntshai rau Australia ib yam. Tab sis John Curtin (1885-1945), Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Australia thaum xyoo ua tsov rog (hauv daim duab) tau hais rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 8, 1941 tias

txhua qhov kev tawm tsam Nyij Pooj rau Russia yuav raug ntsib nrog kev tawm tsam tsis txaus ntseeg los ntawm tebchaws Askiv, tsis hais txog Asmeskas txoj haujlwm. Thiab, tsawg kawg, nws yuav ntsib kev koom tes ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov tebchaws no thaum muaj kev tawm tsam Nyij Pooj rau Soviet Russia.

Nws tsis zoo li qhov kev tshaj tawm no tau ua yam tsis muaj kev sab laj ua ntej nrog London thiab Washington. Australia txoj haujlwm muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog USSR hauv cov xyoo ntawd kuj tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam, piv txwv li, hauv tsab ntawv los ntawm Australian Minister of Foreign Affairs (xyoo 1940-1946) G. Evatt rau Tus Lwm Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm rau Txawv Tebchaws ntawm USSR A. Ya. Vyshinsky sau hnub tim Lub Xya Hli 31, 1942, Hauv kev xa kuv qhov kev tos txais koj tus kheej, Kuv xav hais tias ntawm no hauv Australia peb ua raws nrog kev ua tib zoo mloog thiab qhuas txog kev ua siab tawv tiv thaiv koj cov tub siab tawv, thiab peb tsis muaj kev poob siab txog koj qhov kev yeej zaum kawg. Thiab peb yuav txuas ntxiv pab txhawb rau qhov no.

Duab
Duab

Qhov no tau sau nrog kev txuas mus txog qhov kawg ntawm kev sib tham txog kev tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog kev sib raug zoo. Hauv qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom siv qiv rau USSR ("USSR thiab Cov Phooj Ywg: Ntawm Lub hauv paus ntawm Kev Qiv-Lease"), Australia tau faib li 15%.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev faib ntau hom riam phom thiab khoom seem rau nws mus txog 25%, thiab rau cov khoom noj, tshuaj, khoom siv kho mob thiab khoom siv textile (suav nrog cov khoom siv: ntaub plaub, paj rwb, tawv, ntaub nyoos) ntau dua 35%, rau cov hlau tsis yog hlau, tsheb thiab kev teem caij ob zaug ntawm 30 txog 35% tag nrho.

Los ntawm Darwin thiab Canberra mus rau Minsk thiab Samara

Hauv kev sib tham nrog 75 xyoos kev yeej hauv Samara, daim ntawv nco txog tau qhib hauv lub tsev uas thawj tus neeg Australian Embassy nyob hauv USSR tau nyob, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 26, 2020, Hnub Australia. Australian Ambassador rau Lavxias Federation Peter Tesch, uas tuaj txog ntawm kev ua koob tsheej hauv Samara, tau piav qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tog thaum xyoo tsov rog raws li hauv qab no:

Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog, tau kawg, cuam tshuam nrog kev ua tsov rog. Peb cov kws tsav dav hlau thiab cov neeg tsav nkoj tau sib ntaus sib tua hauv txoj kab nqes hav. Nws yog Australian tus neeg rhuav tshem (Edinburgh thaum Lub Yim Hli 1941 - Kwv yees. Aut.) Qhov ntawd tau coj thawj tus neeg sawv cev kev lag luam los ntawm Askiv mus rau Murmansk rau kev sib tham txog qiv -qiv.

Peb ib puag ncig kuj tau tawm tsam: Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau foob pob lub nroog Darwin, lawv lub nkoj tawg mus rau Sydney Harbor. Peb kuj raug kev txom nyem hauv kev ua tsov rog ntawd, tab sis, tau kawg, piv rau USSR, nws nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv kiag li. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua siab phem yog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2016, Kuv tau ncig ncig Belarus. Koj tsis tuaj yeem mus ntsib lub tebchaws no thiab tsis hnov zoo li qhov poob ntawm kev ua tsov rog ntawd. Thaj chaw no tau nyob ntev, muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav heev tau tshwm sim ntawm no. Peb hwm lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem, uas tau tuag hauv USSR, vim tias lub cev hnyav, lub nra hnyav, tib neeg lub nra nyob rau lub tebchaws no ntev heev nrog rau kev ua phem ua phem.

Lub caij no, ntawm Australian Kev Ua Tsov Rog Memorial hauv Canberra, ua haujlwm txij li xyoo 1941, muaj kev nthuav tawm nyob rau ib nrab ntawm lub Yim Hli 2020 txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm USSR hauv kev kov yeej kev ntxub ntxaug. Cov duab qhia txog kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Soviet nrog Nazis thiab txog lub neej nyob hauv Soviet lub tsheb tom qab tau dhau los ua cov khoom pov thawj hauv chav ua yeeb yam ntawm kev nco. Feem ntau ntawm cov duab khaws cia tau muab los ntawm Lavxias Embassy.

Tus kws sau keeb kwm keeb kwm, tus kws tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm thiab tus saib xyuas kev nthuav tawm David Sutton tau hais tias "nws yog lub hom phiaj kom ceeb toom rau cov neeg Australian ntawm kev sib raug zoo uas tau txuas nrog ntau lub tebchaws sab hnub poob, Australia thiab USSR, uas tau poob 27 lab tus tib neeg hauv kev tawm tsam kev ntxub ntxaug thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. " Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, D. Sutton tau lees paub tias "lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab ntawm Soviet Union hauv kev kov yeej kev ntxub ntxaug tam sim no tau paub hauv Australia mus rau ib puag ncig nqaim ntawm cov neeg nyiam, thiab peb xav nthuav lub voj voog no."

Pom zoo: