Portuguese fortress ntawm Immaculate Conception ntawm Virgin Mary ntawm cov kob ntawm Hormuz

Portuguese fortress ntawm Immaculate Conception ntawm Virgin Mary ntawm cov kob ntawm Hormuz
Portuguese fortress ntawm Immaculate Conception ntawm Virgin Mary ntawm cov kob ntawm Hormuz

Video: Portuguese fortress ntawm Immaculate Conception ntawm Virgin Mary ntawm cov kob ntawm Hormuz

Video: Portuguese fortress ntawm Immaculate Conception ntawm Virgin Mary ntawm cov kob ntawm Hormuz
Video: hlub tsis khuv xim txoj sia Part 3 2024, Plaub Hlis Ntuj
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Kev txawj ntse lawv ib nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb, txhais los ntawm Cov Lus Cog Tseg ntawm Tordesillas nrog Spain xyoo 1494, cov Portuguese pib "kev txhim kho" ntawm ib feem ntawm oecumene uas lawv tau txais, qhov chaw sib txuas lus tseem ceeb uas yog Dej Hiav Txwv Indian. Txhua thaj tsam loj ntawm Asia thiab Africa, lub xeev me me txawm tias yog nyob hauv European cov qauv, xws li Portugal, tsis tuaj yeem ua tus tswj kav, thiab Brazil kuj tseem nyob ntawm qhov pov tseg. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev txiav txim siab pom zoo tau ua los ntawm cov Portuguese los tsim cov chaw ruaj khov ntawm txoj kev sib txuas lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Ib ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yog lub fortress ua rau ntawm cov kob Hormuz ntawm qhov nkag mus rau Persian Gulf.

Kev tsim kho lub fortress ntawm Kev Tsim Txiaj Ntseeg ntawm Virgin Mary tau pib xyoo 1507 los ntawm tus neeg muaj suab npe nrov Afonso de Albuquerque tom qab nws swb tus thawj tswj hwm hauv cheeb tsam, uas nws lub npe tsis tau khaws cia, thiab yuam kom nws los ua ib feem ntawm cov vaj ntxwv Portuguese Manuel I Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cov neeg Portuguese feem ntau ua lawv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov koog pov txwv. Yog tias peb tham txog cov neeg nyob ze ntawm Hormuz fortress, cov no yog cov Portuguese forts ntawm cov nyob ze ntawm Qeshm thiab cov kob ntawm Bahrain.

Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm cov kob, lub fortress ntawm Immaculate Conception ntawm Virgin Mary muaj cov duab ntawm qhov tsis xwm yeem trapezoid nrog ob sab raws cov kab sab nraud: sab qab teb - 180 m, sab qaum teb - 95 m, sab hnub poob - 235 m, sab hnub tuaj - 205 m (nrog qhov tseeb ntawm 5 m) thiab thaj tsam thaj tsam txog 2.9 hectares; thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw sab hauv yog kwv yees li 0.8 hectares. Cov ces kaum ntawm lub fortress tsim bastions, qhov loj tshaj plaws uas yog sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, txij li ntawm no lub fortress tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tsawg tshaj plaws los ntawm hiav txwv. Tus so ntawm lub bastions yog kwv yees li qhov sib npaug. Sab qaum teb hnub poob tseem nyob hauv txoj kev npaj nkaus xwb.

Kev nkag mus rau lub fortress nyob ntawm sab qaum teb, los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tshaj plaws los ntawm hiav txwv.

Lub tsev pheeb suab ib nrab hauv av thiab kaw lub qhov dej rau qhov dej ntws los ntawm dej hiav txwv, uas yog cov qauv txheej txheem txheej txheem ua haujlwm nyuaj heev, tau raug khaws cia hauv lub tshav puam.

Los ntawm txoj kev, dej ntawm cov kob ntawm Hormuz yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb vim tsis muaj cua sov. Rov qab rau hauv kuv lub xyoo kawm ntawv, Kuv tau nyeem txog Hormuz los ntawm Afanasy Nikitin, uas tau mus xyuas cov kob no ntawm nws txoj kev mus rau Is Nrias teb thiab rov qab, hauv nws "Taug Kev dhau ntawm Peb Seas": "Lub tshav kub ntawm lub hnub zoo heev hauv Hormuz, nws yuav hlawv ib tug neeg. " Thaum kuv tus kheej thaum Lub Yim Hli 20, 2018, uas yog, 547 xyoo tom qab Afanasy Nikitin, xaus rau ntawm Ormuz, Kuv tau ntseeg qhov tseeb ntawm cov lus ntawm kuv tus neeg nyob hauv lub tebchaws: hauv ob teev kuv tau haus ob litres dej kuv muaj, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho lub ntsiab lus ntawm kuv lub neej tau raug txo kom tshawb nrhiav qhov tshiab ntawm lub neej-muab dej noo. Txawm hais tias cov av noo ntawm cov kob siab heev, nws tsis tuaj yeem hu ua kev muab lub neej. Hmoov zoo, los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd kuv tau tswj kom siv cov duab thiab ntsuas hauv thaj chaw.

Lub fortress muaj sia nyob ntau qhov kev ua phem. Albuquerque, uas tau tawm ntawm Hormuz cov kob hauv 1508 vim tsis pom zoo nrog nws cov neeg nyob sib ze, tau xa nws rov qab rau xyoo 1515. Hauv tib lub xyoo, nws txuas ntxiv nws kev tsim kho. Xyoo 1622, lub fortress raug ntes los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov neeg nyob ntawm cov kob thiab cov tub rog Askiv ntawm East India Company. Qhov kawg, twb yog lub sijhawm ntawd, tau ua txhua qhov ua tau los tshem tawm Portuguese los ntawm lawv cov nroog thiab tsim kev tswj hwm kev sib txuas lus tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb. Yog li, tsis ntev ua ntej yuav raug ntes ntawm Hormuz fortress, thaum muaj cua daj cua dub ntawm Portuguese fortress ntawm cov kob nyob sib ze ntawm Qeshm, tus kws tshawb fawb Askiv sab qaum teb William Baffin tuag. Txog cov xwm txheej ntawm 1622Tus neeg muag khoom Lavxias tau tso lus, thiab qhov tseeb, thawj lub xeev Lavxias kev ntoj ke mus kawm Fedot Kotov hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm "Ntawm kev txav mus rau lub tebchaws Persian thiab los ntawm Persis mus rau thaj av Tur, thiab rau Is Nrias teb, thiab mus rau Urmuz, qhov twg nkoj tuaj ", uas tau mus ntsib Persia dhau ob xyoos tom qab qhov xwm txheej tau hais tseg:" Ua ntej, lub nroog Urmuz yog neeg Khab (raws li txoj cai ntawm Portuguese Viceroy ntawm Is Nrias teb - PG), tab sis nws tau coj los ntawm Shah thiab Germans (Lus Askiv) - PG) ua ke. Thiab tam sim no, lawv hais tias lub nroog Urmuz koom nrog Shah."

Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas Hormuz fortress muaj tib lub npe zoo li lub tsev teev ntuj Catholic tseem ceeb nyob rau niaj hnub no hauv Moscow. Nws tsis zoo li lub tsev teev ntuj sib cais tau muaj nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub fortress, txij li tsis muaj qhov seem ntawm nws thiab txawm tias lub hauv paus tau muaj txoj sia nyob. Tej zaum lub tsev teev ntuj nyob hauv ib qho ntawm cov bastions.

Kuv tsis tau coj qhov chaw no nrog cov duab ntawm King Manuel Kuv thiab Don Albuquerque (lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau yooj yim hauv Is Taws Nem), tab sis tshaj tawm kuv cov duab ntawm lub fortress siv ua lub tsev khaws puav pheej, uas kuv nthuav qhia rau cov nyeem nyeem.

Duab
Duab

Sab hauv ib ncig ntawm lub fortress. Nyob hauv nruab nrab - lub tsev pheeb suab, ntawm sab xis - lub qhov dej, cov qauv siab tshaj plaws - lub qab ntuj khwb sab hnub poob

Duab
Duab

Sab hauv lub tank

Duab
Duab

Sab hauv cov tub rog

Duab
Duab

Saib los ntawm phab ntsa sab qab teb mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj

Duab
Duab

Artillery loopholes ntawm sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj

Duab
Duab

Cannons, tej zaum Portuguese

Duab
Duab

Casemates nyob rau sab hnub tuaj

Duab
Duab

Southwest bastion cannon taw mus rau hiav txwv

Pom zoo: