Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15

Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15
Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15

Video: Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15

Video: Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15
Video: ib sim hawj kev hlub tag lawm tiag tiag 2020 2024, Tej zaum
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Thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1961, qhov kev sim ua tiav ntawm Asmeskas thawj lub foob pob foob pob, Minuteman-1A, tau coj Tebchaws Meskas mus rau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov foob pob nruab nrab-ntau. Kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Soviet Union thaum lub sijhawm ntawd tsis tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tseeb tias USSR tau dhau los ua qhov thib ob tom qab Tebchaws Meskas hauv kev sib tw no. Twb tau nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 4, 1961, tsoomfwv ntawm USSR, los ntawm nws txoj cai, teeb tsa ua ntej Soviet cov kws tshaj lij txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tsim thiab tsim tsawg kawg peb yam ntawm cov hom-propellant nruab nrab-ntau cov cuaj luaj. Tom qab ntawd, ntau lub tsev tsim qauv tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim thawj lub foob pob Soviet uas muaj zog tiv thaiv.

Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15
Thawj qhov khoom tiv thaiv MRBM RT-15

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj ntau txoj haujlwm hauv kev coj ua ntawm Sergei Korolev. Rocket 8K96, nws qib thib ob, tau tsim hauv KB-7 ntawm Leningrad Artillery Plant "Arsenal", txoj haujlwm tau coj los ntawm tus thawj tsim ntawm KB Pyotr Tyurin. Lub foob pob hluav taws 8K97 tau tsim los ntawm Perm Design Bureau nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Mikhail Tsirulnikov, nws kuj tseem yuav tsim kho thawj qib rau 8K96 foob pob hluav taws. Cov foob pob 8K98, lossis nws lwm lub npe, RT-2 thiab 8K98P cov foob pob hluav taws sib txuas, tau tsim los ntawm S. Korolev nws tus kheej ua ke nrog Igor Sadovsky, yog ib tus tsim ntawm RT-1 foob pob hluav taws. Lwm tus kws tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Soviet Mikhail Yangel tau tuav txoj kev txhim kho ntawm 8K99 foob pob hluav taws; raws li txoj haujlwm, lub foob pob hluav taws no yuav tsum muaj thawj theem ntawm cov khoom siv roj, qhov thib ob ntawm cov roj ua kua. Tom qab ua tib zoo kawm txog kev kos duab ua haujlwm, nws tau txiav txim siab los siv txoj kev txhim kho M. Tsirulnikov ua thawj theem, uas muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab PAL-17/7 sib xyaw cov khoom siv roj.

Duab
Duab

Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1963, txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm 8K96 lossis RT-15 txoj haujlwm, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm RT-2 foob pob hluav taws, yam tsis muaj thawj qib, raug ncua mus txog thaum lub foob pob RT-2 tau ua tiav. Tom qab ntawd, RT-15 tau rov pib dua hauv xyoo 1965 uas yog ib feem ntawm 15P696 lub xov tooj ntawm tes, nws tau txais los ntawm Lub Tswv Yim Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Cov Tub Rog Soviet thiab tau pib ua cov khoom lag luam ntawm Leningrad Plant No. 7. Kev tsim kho ntawm SPU (tus kheej lub foob pob hluav taws) 15U59 raws li lub tank T-10 tau ua tiav ntawm lub chaw tsim qauv ntawm Kirov cog raws li kev coj ua ntawm Zh. Ya Kotin. Tsis tas li, kev txhim kho tau ua tiav los tsim kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm lub log thiab ntawm txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Thawj thawj zaug, lub foob pob hluav taws raws li lub npe SPU "khoom 815" tau qhia thaum lub sijhawm kev tawm tsam thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 7, 1965.

Tom qab thawj qhov kev sim pib, nws tau pom meej tias qhov ntau ntawm RT-15 foob pob hluav taws (raws li NATO kev faib tawm SS X-14 "Spacegoat") tshaj qhov suav ib qho thiab nce mus txog 4.5 txhiab mais. Muab qhov tseeb no, P. Tyurin tau qhia kom ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv ntawm kev txhim kho foob pob ua ntxaij. Kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav txog xyoo 1970, thaum lub sijhawm 20 qhov kev sim tshuaj tua hluav taws RT-15 tau ua tiav ntawm Kapustin Yar ntau. Tom qab ntawd, txoj haujlwm tau txiav tawm tag nrho, thiab tus tsim qauv P. Tyurin pib tsim thawj lub foob pob hluav taws roj hauv USSR rau nuclear submarines. Tus qauv 8K96 suav nrog ob theem (theem thib ob thiab thib peb los ntawm RT-2 foob pob hluav taws) nrog cov tshuab ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv tau teeb tsa rau lawv, tshwj xeeb tau hloov kho kom ntseeg tau kev ua haujlwm zoo, ob qho tib si thaum pib thiab hauv davhlau. Hauv ntu ntu ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws, plaub qhov ruaj khov tau muab tso rau thawj theem. Lub foob pob hluav taws tau tswj hwm hauv kev siv dav hlau siv lub cav (15D27-thawj theem thiab 15D92-theem thib ob) thiab cais cov nozzles. Lub taub hau ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws, qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm lub tsheb yog 535 kg, yog nuclear, hom monoblock nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 1,1 Megatons.

Duab
Duab

Lub foob pob hluav taws tau tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj siv kev tswj hwm inertial nrog lub gyroscopic platform, tsim los ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm AP raws li kev coj ua ntawm tus thawj tsim qauv N. Pilyugin. Kev tshaj tawm tau tswj hwm los ntawm kev tswj chaw taws teeb tsim los ntawm Impulse Design Bureau raws li kev coj ua ntawm T. Sokolov. Cov nqi roj, raws li qee qhov chaw, tau nrawm rau lub cav foob pob hluav taws, raws li thev naus laus zis ntawm NII-9 g ntawm Biysk, los ntawm kev nchuav cov roj ntau rau hauv lub cav tsev. Raws li lwm qhov chaw, cov nqi roj tau ntxiv, tsim tawm raws li thev naus laus zis ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum-130 g ntawm Perm. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem xav tias ob qho kev xaiv tau siv, zoo li hauv RT-2 foob pob hluav taws. Thawj theem, NII-9 cov nqi roj tau siv, nyob rau theem ob, NII-130. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev nco qab ntawm cov neeg koom nrog kev xeem, uas tau lees tias tom qab qhib lub qhov ntsaws ntsaws, tsawg kawg ib lub thoob dej tau nchuav tawm ntawm lub cav, uas tsis zoo rau cov tshuab ntawm RT-2 foob pob hluav taws theem. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws yog 12, 7 meters, txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1, 9 txog 2, 1 meters, tso tawm qhov hnyav 1.87 tons, lub taub hau muaj txiaj ntsig hnyav dua 500 kg.

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