Vim li cas cov hnub qub kub hnyiab
Vim li cas cov hnub qub kub hnyiab
Vim li cas cov hnub qub hlawv?
Nws tsis meej.
Tau kuv rab phom tshuab
Nrhiav kuv rab phom tshuab
Yuav kuv lub tshuab.
Thiab qhov ntawd yog nws.
Chorus:
Ntseeg kuv, cov tshuaj paub
Yog li ntawd thaum kawg txhua yam tam sim poob rau hauv qhov chaw.
Tsis muaj leej twg yuav hais phem, tab sis leej twg txiav txim siab hais
Nws yuav pw tam sim ntawd.
("Nyob Zoo Tub", 1974 suab paj nruag los ntawm D. Tukhmanov, cov lus los ntawm L. Derbenev)
Hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab Soviet zoo "Tub" peb yeej tsis tham txog rab phom tshuab, tab sis hais txog rab phom submachine. Ntxiv mus, ib tus ntawm cov neeg phem, cov tub sab nyiag ntawm ob tus "cov tub hluas", tsuas yog siv rab phom submachine - qee yam zoo ib yam li Asmeskas M3, thiab tua ib ntus los ntawm nws. Hmoov zoo, tsis yog tib neeg!
Yog li peb tab tom tham tiag txog rab phom submachine thiab … txog nws qhov chaw yav dhau los, tam sim no thiab kev cia siab rau yav tom ntej. Thiab yog tias yog, ces koj yuav tsum pib txij thaum pib mus. Tab sis tsis yog los ntawm ob-barreled Italian freak, leej twg yog vim li cas suav tias yog leej txiv ntawm txhua tus PPs (theej, qhov no tsis yog nws tus yawg), tab sis los ntawm qhov tseeb, "tib neeg zoo li" piv txwv nrog lub taub qab thiab ntawv xov xwm, yoog raws "siv phau ntawv" thiab tau tshwm sim thaum kawg Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Kawg. Zoo, peb "phau ntawv qhia" hauv lub ntiaj teb sib txawv ntawm PP no yuav yog tus paub zoo li Christopher Shant, thiab txawm hais tias qhov no yog "lub suab yeeb ncuab", nws ntseeg tias nws paub zoo hauv cov ncauj lus ntawm riam phom. Yog li …
MR-18 nrog cov ntawv xov xwm qwj rau 32 puag ncig los ntawm rab yaj phom Parabellum.
Hauv nws lub tswv yim, txawm tias niaj hnub no, 100 tom qab nws yug los, thawj zaug thiab muaj kev vam meej tiag tiag PP yog MR-18, thiab nws tuaj yeem tawm tsam niaj hnub no vim nws yog qhov qub! Zoo, thawj tsab xov xwm hais txog rab phom submachine ntawm VO tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Peb Hlis 13, 2013, yog li qhov no yog tiag tiag. Tab sis dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov thiab dab tsi yuav tsum tau hais txog? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias lub thoob luv (tsuas yog 200 mm), cov hluav taws zoo tuaj yeem raug tua los ntawm nws nyob deb li ntawm 150 metres, thiab qhov ntawd txaus. Qhov thib ob, qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 450 puag ncig ib feeb kuj haum rau txhua tus. Hauv tsab xov xwm tom ntej ntawm VO txog MR-18 ntawm Lub Yim Hli 31, 2013, nws yog hais txog kev tsis ntseeg siab ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees rau hom riam phom no, vim qhov uas txhua ceg ntawm cov tub rog tau xaiv rab phom submachine. rau lawv tus kheej, uas yog vim li cas nws tau tshwm sim hauv pab tub rog hauv ntau qhov piv txwv ib zaug.
Tab sis, MP-18 tsis yog txhua tus neeg sib tw nkaus xwb rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm "poj koob yawm txwv" ntawm txhua rab phom submachine niaj hnub no. Cia peb nco qab, piv txwv li, Adolf Furrer M1919 rab phom submachine (VO Lub Cuaj Hli 24, 2014), uas lig rau kev faib khoom, txawm tias tsuas yog ib xyoos, nrog lub tshuab los ntawm rab yaj phom Parabellum, tso rau ntawm nws sab.
Standschütze Hellriegel rab phom submachine.
Standschütze Hellriegel ntaus ntawv.
Lawv tau sim ua rab phom submachine hauv Austria-Hungary. Ntxiv mus, txawm tias ntxov dua li hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. Ua haujlwm ntawm Standschütze Hellriegel rab phom submachine pib ntawm no xyoo 1915. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cartridges tau pub los ntawm German nruas magazine "Trommel" ("Nruas") nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 160 puag ncig. Tab sis kev muab cov cartridges los ntawm nws mus rau chav ntawm lub phom submachine tau tshwm sim … raws qhov hloov pauv tau yooj yim, uas tau txuas nrog lub xov tooj cua txais ntawm lub thoob. Txij li lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tuaj yeem tsis yooj yim (yog puas tau) txav mus rau hauv qhov hloov pauv tau yooj yim no, cov txheej txheem rau kev pub mis rau hauv daim cartridges tsis meej kiag li. Tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov muaj "lub tes tsho" no muab qhov laj thawj los ntseeg tias rab phom submachine no muaj txoj siv sia, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb qhov no tsis yog txhua qhov. Peb tuaj yeem xav tias nws yuav tsum siv rab yaj phom hauv tsev 9 × 23 mm Steyr. Tab sis qhov no yog, tej zaum, nws qhov txiaj ntsig nkaus xwb. Cov txheej txheem pub mis nyuaj, thiab ntxiv rau, dej txias, tso qhov kawg rau txoj kev txhim kho no. Txawm hais tias hauv nws tus kheej nws tau nthuav. Piv txwv li, tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau ob lub qhov dej, uas tom qab ntawd, ntau dua tom qab, tau ua tiav hauv kev tsim ntawm ntau rab phom submachine.
Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv tib lub tebchaws Yelemes, lawv tau sim ua rab phom submachine txawm tias yog lub hauv paus ntawm tib lub tshuab Maxim tib yam! Nrog tus tuav zoo li nqaij grinder tuav thiab lub tshuab rab phom, qhov riam phom ersatz no tseem yog tus qauv!
Tab sis tom qab ntawd muaj 20s thiab 30s. Ntau xyoo ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab pom, xyoo ntawm kev npaj rau kev ua tsov rog tshiab. Thiab … ntawm no peb twb paub lawm tias ob tus thawj tub rog German thiab cov tub rog Soviet tub rog thiab cov tib neeg hauv pawg neeg tau zoo ib yam tsis ntseeg siab ntawm cov riam phom zoo li rab phom submachine. Thiab Bolotin, thiab Gnatovsky thiab Shorin, thiab tib Shant - lawv txhua tus hais tias lawv tau suav tias yog tub ceev xwm riam phom, tab sis qhov ntawd yog qhov uas nws yog. Hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, lawv nyuam qhuav nkag mus rau tub ceev xwm ntawm Weimar Republic, vim tias lawv siv hauv pab tub rog raug txwv los ntawm Treaty of Versailles. Kuv yuav tsum tau siv rau kev dag ntxias. Piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab German "Rheinmetall" nyuam qhuav yuav Swiss lub tuam txhab "Solothurn" thiab … pib tsim nyob rau hauv Switzerland nyob sib ze tus German, qhov tseeb, rab phom submachine "Steyer-Solothurn" S1-100 hauv 20-30s ntawm xyoo dhau los, uas tau nquag muab khoom lag luam rau ntau lub tebchaws sib txawv hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog Nyiv, Tuam Tshoj thiab South American cov koom pheej. Ntxiv rau 9-mm submachine phom, cov qauv raug tsim rau 9-mm Mauser cartridge thiab 9-mm Steyer. Tsuas yog Suav, Nyij Pooj thiab Sab Qab Teb Asmeskas cov tog ntawm cov riam phom no tau tshwj xeeb xaj rau Mauser daim ntawv 7, 63-mm. Cov neeg Portuguese, ntawm qhov tod tes, xav tau rab phom submachine chambered rau Parabellum 7, 65 mm. Cov qauv tau tsim nrog lub ntsej muag xov tooj cua, nrog lub khawm txuas (!!!) thiab ntau qhov khoom seem. Ntxiv mus, kev tsim khoom zoo ntawm cov riam phom no yog ib txwm Swiss. Thiab … nws txaus txaus tsuas yog yuav ib rab phom submachine, tshem tawm, ntsuas txhua qhov ntawm nws thiab … ua rau koj tus kheej tsim khoom. Ntawd yog, nws yog ib qho zoo dua (uas yuav nyuaj heev!), Lossis ntawm qib Swiss, lossis … zuj zus, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes. Txoj kev kawg tau ua raws, piv txwv li, los ntawm Nyij Pooj, uas tau tso lawv "Hom 100", thiab tib tus neeg Askiv uas tau theej tus German MP-28 (yuav luag txhua tus tib MP-18, tsuas yog 1928 tus qauv), ua ntej uas nyob hauv Belgium, thiab hauv Spain, tab sis hauv Askiv hloov mus rau hauv Lanchester. Tseeb, nws cov ntawv xov xwm tuav 50, tsis yog 32 daim cartridges, tab sis hauv txoj ntsiab cai qhov kev hloov pauv hauv nws tau tsawg heev. K. Shant sau tseg tias ob qho tib si MP-28 thiab Lanchester tau ntseeg tau thiab feem ntau yog riam phom zoo, tab sis lawv cov khoom tsim tau kim heev.
Steyer-Solothurn S1-100 nrog rau txhua yam khoom siv.
Qhov txaus siab, 1928 yog xyoo tseem ceeb rau kev siv phom phom. Yog li, nws yog xyoo no uas Asmeskas Tub Rog tau lees paub General John Thompson's "gangster" submachine gun, uas nws "thawb" rau hauv pab tub rog txij thaum kawg ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Kawg submachine phom 7, 63 × 25 mm Mauser cartridge, uas tau txiav txim siab yav tom ntej ntawm peb cov phom submachine hauv tsev. Los ntawm txoj kev, rau qee qhov laj thawj, hauv ntau phau ntawv ntawm cov ncauj lus ntawm riam phom, lawv tus kws sau ntawv sau hais tias hauv USSR, rab phom submachine tsis tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv xyoo ua ntej tsov rog. Tab sis qhov no yuav ua li cas, yog tias nws nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws USSR xyoo 1932 - 1933 uas 14 (raws li nws rab phom DP -27) thiab Korovin, ntxiv rau Prilutsky thiab Kolesnikov. Ntau ntxiv, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - lub teb chaws twg tuaj yeem khav ntawm ntau tus qauv?
Kev tshem tawm ib nrab ntawm Steyer-Solothurn S1-100.
Yog li, tib tus neeg German nyob rau xyoo 20-30 tau txais cov phom submachine (tshwj tsis yog MR-18) MR-28, MR-34 thiab MR-35, tsis txawv ib leeg. Italian Beretta nkag rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo 1934. "Thompson" М1928, "Steyer-Solothurn" S1-100 (1930) hauv qhov kev nkag siab no twb tau ua tub rog qub, ib yam li Finnish "Suomi" m / 1931. Nyob hauv tib lub tsev muaj koob meej ntawm cov txais los ntawm MP-18 ntawm nruab nrab-30s, peb pom peb PPD-34 nrog lub thawv ntawv xov xwm rau 25 ncig thiab lub nruas tau luam tawm los ntawm Finnish rau 71 puag ncig.
"Suomi" m / 1931.
Tam sim no cia saib seb qhov kev xav tau tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv kev tsim PCBs nyob rau xyoo no. Zoo, ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov ntev ntawm pob tw pib loj tuaj. Kev sib tw ntev tshaj plaws hauv qhov no (txog 1938) yog Suomi (314 mm), uas tso cai rau nws tua hluav taws kom raug txawm tias nyob ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws. Tom qab ntawd tus nqi hluav taws pib loj tuaj. Rau MP-18 nws yog 350/450 puag ncig ib feeb, tab sis rau MP-28 nws nce mus rau 650, rau Beretta thiab Lanchester nws twb yog 600, 700 rau Thompson, rau PPD-34 thiab Hom 100 Tsis yog. - 800 thiab "Suomi" - 900 puag ncig ib feeb! Muaj cov hluav taws tua hluav taws, uas tam sim no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua tau ib leeg hluav taws thiab tawg, thiab tib lub Suomi, ntxiv rau, kuj tseem muaj ob-kab ntawv thawv ntawv rau 50 kab, muab tso rau hauv nws hauv ob ntu nrog lwm qhov pub. Ntawd yog, nws pom tseeb tias qhov ceev ntawm cov hluav taws nyob rau lub sijhawm no tau pib suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov raug, txij li ntawm qhov ze qhov ntsuas no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau rab phom submachine.
PPD -34 nrog cov ntawv xov xwm rau 25 ncig.
PPD-34 nrog ntawv xov xwm rau 71 puag ncig.
Qhov kawg ntawm "cov qub tub rog" ntawm 30s, uas yog xyoo 1938, uas tseem tau dhau los ua keeb kwm hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev siv phom tua phom, yog Czechoslovakian ZK383. Nws txawv ntawm txhua qhov piv txwv los ntawm qhov muaj lub ntsej muag ob-legged bipod, thim rov qab thaum quav mus rau qhov ua ntej, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav rov qab los rau hauv … lub taub qab, thiab cov cuab yeej qub uas nyuam qhuav pom "kev qhia ntawm kev ya davhlau ntawm kev xav" ntawm tom qab ntawd tus tsim qauv - tus neeg sawv cev hnyav uas tshem tau rau tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj, hnyav 170 g Muab rau qhov hnyav - thiab rab phom submachine tua 500 tawm ib feeb twg, tshem tawm - ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau sib zog, thiab qhov hluav taws kub tau nce mus txog 700 puag ncig! Lawv txawm nruab nws nrog lub nrawm hloov pauv tshuab. Ntawd yog, siv txhua yam koj xav tau! Ntxiv rau Czechoslovakia, ZK383 (tus qauv "P" yam tsis muaj bipod tau tsim rau cov tub ceev xwm xav tau) tau nkag mus ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Bulgarian, qhov twg, zoo li Lanchester hauv British Navy, nws tau ua haujlwm kom txog thaum 60s ntawm xyoo dhau los Lawv kuj tau koom nrog kev pabcuam nrog Brazil thiab Venezuela, tab sis ob tog tau me me. Tab sis thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau pib, nws yog cov PPs no nyob hauv vz 9 lub npe uas tau mus ua haujlwm nrog … SS pab tub rog uas tawm tsam rau Sab Hnub Poob! SS pom nws zoo heev, txawm hais tias hnyav dua. Tab sis lawv tau tawm tsam nrog nws thoob plaws kev ua rog. Muaj tseeb, lub tswvyim ntawm "hnyav" yog tus txheeb ze heev, vim tias cov cuab yeej PPD -34 hnyav 5, 69 kg, Suomi 7, 04 kg (nrog rau nruas magazine), thiab ZK383 - 4, 83 kg.
Czechoslovak ZK383 "ntawm txhais ceg".
Tab sis nws yog rab phom submachine kawg uas tau ua hauv "kev coj noj coj ua qub" thiab yog rau thawj tiam ntawm rab phom submachine. Nyob rau tib 1938, tus qauv tshiab ntawm rab phom submachine tau tshwm sim hauv tib lub tebchaws Yelemes, thiab nrog nws nplooj ntawv tshiab tau qhib hauv keeb kwm ntawm PP …
