Txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30, Kev Ua Haujlwm Me Me Saturn tau ua tiav tiav. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Middle Don kev ua haujlwm yog tias German cov lus txib thaum kawg tso tseg cov phiaj xwm ntxiv los thaiv Paulus's 6th Army thiab poob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias pem hauv ntej.
Swb tus yeeb ncuab
Hauv kev tawm tsam tawv tawv thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 16-18, 1942, cov tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob thiab sab laug tis ntawm Voronezh tau tsoo los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv hnyav hauv ntau qhov kev qhia, thiab hla Don thiab Bogucharka cov dej nrog kev sib ntaus. Pawg tub rog Italian thib 8 yeej swb tag.
Raws li E. Manstein rov hais dua: Txhua yam tau pib ntawm sab laug ntawm Pawg Pab Pawg Tub Rog, qhov tseeb dua, ntawm sab laug ntawm Pawg Hollidt. Dab tsi tshwm sim rau cov tub rog Italian tsis tau paub meej. Thaj, tsuas yog ib qho kev faib hluav taws xob thiab ib lossis ob qhov kev faib tub rog nyob rau ntawd ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam hnyav. Thaum sawv ntxov thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20, tus kws tshaj lij German, tus thawj coj hauv pawg, uas yog tus sab xis ntawm Italians yog tus neeg nyob hauv qab, tau tshwm sim thiab tshaj tawm tias ob qho tib si hauv Italis tau faib rau nws tau maj nrawm kom thim rov qab. Qhov laj thawj rau kev thim rov qab yog, pom tseeb, xov xwm hais tias ob tus yeeb ncuab lub cev rog twb tau nkag mus tob rau ntawm tus nplaim taws. Yog li, flank ntawm Hollidt pawg tau nthuav tawm tag nrho. … Hollidt cov pab pawg tau raug xaj kom tuav lawv txoj haujlwm ntawm Upper Chir thiab kom lawv ruaj ntseg, tso ib qho ntawm lawv cov ntawv rau ntawm nws nrog lub taub hau. Tab sis nyob rau hnub no, qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm Hollidt pab pawg kuj tau tawg dhau hauv ob qhov chaw, 7th Romanian Infantry Division tau thim rov qab. Lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm 1st Romanian corps, uas cov haujlwm no tau ua haujlwm qis, khiav hauv kev ntshai los ntawm lawv cov lus txib. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20, qhov xwm txheej hauv qhov tob, tom qab flank ntawm Hollidt pawg, tsis meej kiag li. Tsis muaj leej twg paub yog tias cov neeg Italians, uas yog cov neeg nyob ze ntawm pab pawg, tau tawm tsam lwm qhov. Txhua qhov chaw nyob tom qab ntawm pab pawg Hollidt, tau pom cov tub rog tso tsheb hlau luam tawm mus, lawv txawm mus txog qhov hla tseem ceeb ntawm tus Dej Donets ze lub nroog Kamensk-Shakhtinsky.
Ob hnub tom ntej no, qhov xwm txheej ntawm thaj chaw ntawm pab pawg Hollidt tau nce zuj zus thiab ntau ntxiv. Nws lub hauv ntej tau tawg dhau, thiab cov yeeb ncuab lub tank rog, uas tau ua tiav kev ywj pheej ntawm kev nqis tes ua hauv thaj chaw uas Soviets tau rhuav tshem cov tub rog Italian tawm ntawm lawv txoj kev, hem nws lub ntsej muag thiab sab nraub qaum. Tsis ntev, qhov kev hem thawj no yuav cuam tshuam rau txoj haujlwm ntawm pab tub rog Romanian thib 3. Cov lus txib German tau hloov pauv kev tsim tshiab los ntawm lub nraub qaum thiab los ntawm cov chaw nyob sib ze ntawm pem hauv ntej mus rau thaj tsam ntawm kev kov yeej. Chav nyob ntawm 385th, 306th infantry thiab 27th tank German kev sib cais tau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw sib ntaus sib tua.
Tus dev zaum hauv daus tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm cov tub rog Italian tawm ntawm Stalingrad
Lub caij no, kev tawm tsam Soviet txuas ntxiv txhim kho kom ua tiav. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txoj haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm lub tank thiab cov tshuab ua haujlwm. Lub 17th, 18th, 24th thiab 25th Panzer Corps ntawm 1st Guards thiab 6th Armies thiab 1st Guards Mechanized Corps ntawm 3rd Guards Army tau nrawm nrawm mus rau sab qab teb thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj mus rau qhov tob ntawm kev ntes los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ib puag ncig, cuam tshuam cov yeeb ncuab rov qab thiab lawv qab. Ua raws li cov xov tooj ntawm tes, siv thiab sib sau ua ke lawv txoj kev vam meej, Soviet cov tub rog tau txav mus los. Cov yeeb ncuab tau cuam tshuam ntau lub tsheb, tsheb laij teb, mos txwv, zaub mov thiab riam phom ntawm txoj kev thiab hauv kev sib hais haum. Peb cov tub rog tau sim ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau li ntau tau ntawm kev tawm tsam tus yeeb ncuab, tsim kev sib cais mobile txav mus los hauv tsheb, txhua lub tank, tsheb nees thiab caij ski.
Cov tub rog ntawm 6th Army, tau tsav cov yeeb ncuab tawm ntawm thaj tsam Pisarevka thiab Tala, nce mus rau Kantemirovka. Tankmen ntawm 17th Tank Corps ntawm General P. P. Poluboyarov tau siv qhov kev hais daws no thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 19, uas cov yeeb ncuab tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ruaj khov. Thaum 12 teev sawv ntxov, 174th Tank Brigade tau tawg mus rau sab qab teb sab nrauv ntawm lub nroog, ntes lub chaw nres tsheb uas cov mos txwv nrog cov mos txwv thiab zaub mov sawv ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 66th Tank Brigade tsoo los ntawm sab hnub tuaj, nce qib nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua mus rau hauv plawv nroog. Cov tub ceev xwm tau tsav tsheb mus rau sab nrauv sab qaum teb. Thaum 14 teev sawv ntxov, pawg tub rog caij tsheb loj 31 tau mus txog lub nroog, npog nws sab qab teb thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj. Txoj kev sib ntaus nrog cov yeeb ncuab tau xaus rau yeej rau cov tub rog Soviet. Txog thaum yav tsaus ntuj, Kantemirovka raug tshem tawm ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Qhov kev ua tiav ntawm 17th Panzer Corps tau ua kom muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm tag nrho pawg neeg tawm tsam ntawm 6th Army. Ib qho ntxiv, cov yeeb ncuab kev sib txuas lus ntawm Voronezh thiab Rostov-on-Don tau txiav.
Kev ua haujlwm nrawm ntawm 17th Panzer Corps tau ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm cov chav ntawm 15th Rifle Corps ntawm Major General P. P. Privalov thiab tau pab ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm lwm lub tank tank (24th thiab 18th). Tom qab kev dim ntawm Kantemirovka, Poluboyarov cov tub rog tau tuav txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv tos txoj hauv kev ntawm 6th Army's infantry. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau kaw lub nraub qaum, rov ntim cov roj, cov mos txwv, thiab lwm yam. Cov nkoj thauj khoom tau nrawm dua, thiab txij lub Kaum Ob Hlis 22 txog 23, cov tub rog tau tawm tsam txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau Voloshin thiab Sulin. Rau yim hnub ntawm kev tawm tsam, cov tub rog lub cev, tsoo cov yeeb ncuab tsis kam, ua kev taug kev rau 200 km. Cov tankers tau tso tawm txog 200 qhov chaw nyob, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov yeeb ncuab. Txog kev ua tiav hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1943, 17th Panzer Corps tau hloov pauv mus rau 4th Guards Tank Corps thiab tau txais lub npe zoo "Kantemirovsky".
Cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, nrhiav cov yeeb ncuab uas tawm mus, tau tsoo nrog cov tub rog nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm cheeb tsam Voroshilovgrad thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov pib ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Ukraine tau tso. Lub 24 thiab 25 Panzer Corps, uas tsim kev tawm tsam ntawm Tatsinskaya thiab Morozovsk, tau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tiav hauv qhov tob ntawm kev tiv thaiv German. Cov tsheb thauj khoom tau tawg los ntawm kev sib faib phom los ntawm 110 - 120 km, tab sis txuas ntxiv mus sai sai raws lawv txoj kev, ua rau cov yeeb ncuab tsis kam, tawm hauv nws cov chav tsis tiav hauv lawv nraub qaum.
General V. M. Badanov's 24th Panzer Corps tau txav mus los tshwj xeeb. Qhia txog kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 19, cov tub rog tau nce mus txog qhov tob txog 240 km hauv tsib hnub, ua tiav tsoo lub nraub qaum ntawm pab tub rog Italian thib 8. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 22, pawg tub rog tau tawm tsam hauv thaj tsam Bolshinka thiab Ilyinka, qhov uas lawv tau ntes ntau tus neeg raug kaw. Txog thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 23, cov nkoj tau nyob hauv Skosyrskaya. Cov yeeb ncuab thim rov qab mus rau Morozovsk, tseem tshuav nyob tom qab thiab ntawm ntug dej ntawm Badanov cov neeg tuag thaum lawv tsiv mus rau Tatsinskaya.
Tus thawj coj ntawm 24th Panzer Corps Vasily Mikhailovich Badanov
Cov yeeb ncuab lub hauv ntej-kab puag tau nyob hauv Tatsinskaya: cov chaw ntim khoom mos txwv, roj av, zaub mov, mos txwv, thiab ntau yam khoom siv. Ntawm Tatsinskaya, ib lub hauv paus dav hlau tau nyob, qhov chaw dav hlau tau nyob, uas txhawb nqa "tus choj cua" nrog pab tub rog Paulus nyob ib puag ncig. Ntawd yog, lub ntsiab lus no tseem ceeb heev rau cov tub rog yeeb ncuab. Txawm li cas los xij, Badanov lub cev tau ntsib qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov roj thiab mos txwv, cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv. Thiab muab cov neeg tua rog so. Tatsinskaya tseem nyob deb 30 km. Ntxiv mus, cov yeeb ncuab tau muaj lub sijhawm los npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg nyob ze ntawm 24th Panzer Corps tseem tsis tau los txog.
Badanov txuas ntxiv qhov kev tawm tsam. Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24, ib feem ntawm cov tub rog, "tsis muaj sijhawm los muab cov khoom siv rau hauv kev txiav txim, nrog rau me me ntawm cov mos txwv thiab roj thiab roj nplua nyeem," tawm hauv thaj tsam Skosyrskaya. Thaum kaj ntug, cov neeg ua haujlwm tank tank Soviet tau siv lawv txoj haujlwm pib rau kev tawm tsam. Cov tsos ntawm peb cov tub rog ntawm Tatsinskaya tuaj ua rau cov yeeb ncuab xav tsis thoob. "Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm tshav dav hlau tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw. Artillerymen ntawm cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau npog lub tshav dav hlau thiab st. Tatsinskaya, tsis nyob ntawm rab phom. Tus yeeb ncuab garrison tau pw tsaug zog zoo."
Thaum 7 teev sawv ntxov. 30 feeb, ntawm lub cim qhia ntawm salvo los ntawm cov tub rog tiv thaiv mortar, pawg tub rog tau hla mus rau kev tawm tsam. 130th Tank Brigade, ua haujlwm los ntawm sab qab teb thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, txiav txoj kev Morozovsk - Tatsinskaya kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab txoj kev loj sib tshuam sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Tatsinskaya. Txog thaum 9 teev sawv ntxov pab tub rog tau mus txog ntawm tshav dav hlau thiab rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab lub dav hlau thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ya dav hlau ua rau lawv xav tsis thoob. Cov tub rog thib ob ntawm pawg tub rog no tau ntes Art. Tatsinskaya, rhuav tshem lub tsheb ciav hlau nrog lub dav hlau thiab lub tsheb ciav hlau nrog roj tso tsheb hlau luam sawv ntawm txoj kev. Pawg Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv 4, tawm tsam sab qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub poob, mus txog rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Tatsinskaya. 54th Tank Brigade, tawm tsam sab hnub poob thiab sab qab teb sab hnub poob, mus txog rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Tatsinskaya, hauv thaj chaw tshav dav hlau. Thaum 17 teev sawv ntxov, cov nkoj thauj khoom, tau tshem tawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm Tatsinskaya, chaw nres tsheb thiab tshav dav hlau, tau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Thaum sib ntaus sib tua, tus yeeb ncuab tub rog tau raug rhuav tshem. Ntawm cov khoom plig tau muaj ntau lub dav hlau uas tsis tau tswj kom tawm ntawm tshav dav hlau lossis raug ntes hauv cov tsheb ciav hlau.
Kev qaug dab peg ntawm chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev sib txuas lus tsheb nqaj hlau Likhaya - Stalingrad tau txiav, nrog rau qhov kev hais kom ua fascist ua tiav qhov kev mob siab rau ntawm pab tub rog ntawm pab pawg Hollidt thiab ua kom lawv txaus siab nrog txhua yam tsim nyog rau kev ua phem. Yog li, txoj phiaj xwm German thaum kawg tau tawg los tso cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog Hollidt thiab 48th Panzer Corps kom dim pab pawg Paulus, thiab cov rog no tau raug kaw los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov tub rog nce qib ntawm Soviet Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob.
Cov lus txib German tau ntsuas ntsuas xwm txheej ceev los kho qhov xwm txheej hauv Skosyrskaya thiab Tatsinskaya. Thaum 11 teev sawv ntxov, cov neeg German tau tawm tsam Skosyrskaya thiab ntes nws nrog cov tub rog ntawm pawg tub rog thib 11. Sab nraub qaum ntawm Soviet cov tub rog nyob ntawd thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas tseem tshuav rau kev kho tau rov qab mus rau Ilyinka. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sim los ntawm cov neeg German los tsim kev tawm tsam thiab coj Tatsinskaya tau tawm tsam.
Kev swb yeej ntawm cov neeg German hauv Tatsinskaya tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Stalingrad. Kurt Straiti sau hauv nws tsab ntawv "Ntawm cov neeg uas dim ntawm lub ntiajteb": "Thaum sawv ntxov Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24, 1942 Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, tsaus ntuj tsaus ntuj yog kaj ntug, pom lub ntuj tsaus nti. Lub sijhawm no, Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam, tam sim ntawd tawg mus rau hauv lub zos thiab tshav dav hlau. Cov dav hlau tam sim ntawd zoo li lub teeb. Cov nplaim taws kub hnyiab zaws zaws. Plhaub tawg, cov mos txwv tawm mus rau saum huab cua. Cov tsheb thauj khoom tab tom khiav nrawm, thiab ua rau tib neeg qw nrov nrov tau khiav ntawm lawv. Txhua yam uas tuaj yeem khiav, txav mus, ya, sim ua kom tawg mus rau txhua qhov chaw. Leej twg yuav muab qhov kev txiav txim qhov twg mus rau lub taub hau rau cov kws sim sim khiav tawm ntawm ntuj raug txim no? Pib hauv Novocherkassk qhov kev coj ua - qhov ntawd yog txhua yam uas tus tswj hwm tau xaj. Kev npau taws pib … Los ntawm txhua sab tawm mus rau lub ncoo thiab pib lub dav hlau. Txhua yam no tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hluav taws thiab hauv qhov hluav taws kub. Lub ntuj kis tau zoo li lub tswb nrov nrov tshaj li ntau txhiab leej neeg tuag, uas nws lub ntsej muag qhia kev npau taws. Nov yog ib qho "Ju-52", tsis muaj sijhawm sawv, tsoo rau hauv lub tank, thiab ob qho tib si tawg nrog lub suab nrov txaus ntshai hauv huab loj nplaim taws. Twb tau nyob hauv huab cua, Junkers thiab Heinkel sib tsoo thiab tau tawg ua tej daim me me ua ke nrog lawv cov neeg caij tsheb. Cov suab nrov ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab lub tshuab dav hlau sib xyaw nrog kev tawg, rab phom loj thiab lub tshuab rab phom tawg mus rau hauv cov nkauj zoo nkauj. Txhua yam no tsim cov duab tiav ntawm ntuj raug txim tiag."
Major General P. P. Pavlov's 25 Panzer Corps, tau nyob hauv Kashary, tau nce siab nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Morozovsk. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 23 thiab 24, cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua hnyav nrog cov yeeb ncuab 306th thiab 8 lub tshav dav hlau sib faib. Ua txhaum cov yeeb ncuab tsis kam, cov nkoj thauj khoom nyob hauv Uryupin thaum kawg lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24. Tab sis kev nce qib ntxiv mus rau Morozovsk tau nres los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Lub sijhawm no, cov tub rog tau txais kev xaj kom tsim kev tawm tsam ntawm Tatsinskaya. Hauv kev taw qhia ntawm Morozovsk, 1st Guards Mechanized Corps ntawm Major General I. N. Russiyanov kuj tau nce qib.
Cov tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob tseem ua tiav ntawm lwm cov lus qhia ntawm lawv kev tawm tsam. 18th Tank Corps ntawm Tus Thawj Coj Loj ntawm Tank Rog B. S. Bakharov, hla tus dej. Bogucharki, coj Meshkovo thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 19. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg tawg rog tau tawg 35-40 km ua ntej ntawm kev tsim phom loj ntawm Pab Pawg Tiv Thaiv 1. Raws li qhov kev ua siab tawv no, Bakharov cov neeg ua haujlwm, mus txog thaj tsam Meshkov, txiav txoj kev khiav tawm ntawm Don ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm pawg tub rog Italian thib 8. Nrog txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sib faib phom rau Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21, 18 Panzer Corps txuas ntxiv txhim kho qhov kev tawm tsam thiab hnub tom ntej tau ntes Ilyichevka, Verkhne-Chirsky, thiab tom qab ntawd tig mus rau sab hnub poob sab hnub poob thiab pib nce mus rau thaj tsam Millerovo.
Siv nrawm thiab ua tiav kev ua phem ntawm kev tsim lub tank, kev sib faib phom ntawm 1st Guards Army thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 22 tau nyob ib puag ncig cov tub rog loj ntawm Italian 8th Army hauv Arbuzovka, Zhuravka cheeb tsam: thib 3, 9, 52nd Italis, 298th German cov tub rog sib faib, Italian cov tub rog tub rog "Peb Hlis 23" thiab "Lub Ib Hlis 3". Pawg yeeb ncuab tau raug rhuav tshem, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24 nws tau tso tag nrho. 15 txhiab tus yeeb ncuab tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm tau raug kaw. Kev ua ntawm 1st thiab 3rd Pawg Tub Rog tseem nyob ib puag ncig thiab tom qab ntawd yeej cov yeeb ncuab rog hauv Alekseev, Lozovskoe, Garmashevka, Chertkovo, Verkhne-Chirskoe, sab hnub tuaj ntawm Kamenskoe, hauv Kruzhilin cheeb tsam.
Yog li, German pem hauv ntej ntawm Don thiab Chir cov dej tau tsoo kom txog li 340 km. Cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, tau nce mus txog 150-200 km, mus txog thaj tsam Kantemirovka, Tatsinskaya thiab Morozovsk thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24. Lub tshav dav hlau ntawm Morozovsk thiab Tatsinskaya, uas yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev muab Paulus tus tub rog thib 6, nyob hauv qab ntawm cov tub rog Soviet. Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog pem hauv ntej yog ua kom muaj kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm sab laug ntawm kev poob siab ntawm pab pawg pab pawg "Don" ua haujlwm nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Tormosin thiab Kotelnikov, thiab hem tom qab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab North Caucasian pawg. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov kev tawm tsam no tau coj mus rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm txoj cai ntawm cov tub rog German-Hungarian ua haujlwm hauv Voronezh. Kev tawm tsam los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, suav nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm Tus Saib Xyuas Thib Ob thiab 51 pab tub rog ntawm Stalingrad Front hauv Kotelnikov txoj haujlwm, uas tau pib rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24, tsim kev hem thawj rau ib puag ncig txhua tus tub rog ntawm Tub Rog Pawg Don
Kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Cov lus hais hauv German tau ntsuas ntsuas xwm txheej ceev los cawm qhov xwm txheej thiab rov kho lub hauv ntej. Kev Ua Haujlwm "Lub Caij Ntuj No Thunderstorm" los thaiv Paulus cov tub rog hauv Stalingrad los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Manstein-Gotha cov tub rog thaum kawg tau tso tseg. Wehrmacht ntsib kev hem thawj ntawm kev ua phem loj thiab swb. Cov yeeb ncuab hais kom sai txav cov tub rog mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, uas yog thawj lub hom phiaj rau kev tawm tsam deblocking ntawm Stalingrad. Qhov no tau ua tiav feem ntau ntawm kev siv nyiaj ntawm Tormosin pab pawg. Nws yeej tsis tau txais tus lej ntawm cov ntawv xa tuaj rau nws, thim los ntawm lwm cov haujlwm hauv ntej, nrog rau kev xa tawm los ntawm Western Europe. Txawm tias cov tub rog uas twb tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam ntawm Goth pab pawg tau raug tshem tawm, yog li lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm pab tub rog pab pawg "Goth" - pawg thib 6 German Panzer Division tau thim los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav thaum tig dej. Myshkov thiab pov rau hauv nruab nrab Don, hauv thaj tsam Morozovsk thiab Tatsinskaya.
Cov lus txib ntawm Pab Pawg Pab Pawg Don tau xaj thib 3 Romanian Army, uas tuav pem hauv ntej raws qhov nqes mus txog ntawm Chir River, kom tso 48th Panzer Corps lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm nrog 11 Panzer Division los ntawm nws txoj haujlwm txhawm rau txhawm rau rov ua txoj haujlwm ntawm sab hnub poob nrog lawv pab. 4th Panzer Army tau hloov pauv 6th Panzer Division los tiv thaiv Lower Chir. Raws li ib feem ntawm Hollidt pawg neeg ua haujlwm, pawg Pfeifer tshiab tau tsim, uas tau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hauv cheeb tsam Skosyrskaya. Txhawm rau rov kho qhov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam Millerovo, pawg neeg German thib 30 nyob rau hauv qhov kev txib ntawm General Fretter-Pico (tom qab ntawd hu ua Fretter-Pico pab pawg pab pawg) tau raug xa los ntawm no thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24 los ntawm Voroshilovgrad thiab Kamensk-Shakhtinsky. Cov hauv qab no tau ua raws li cov lus txib ntawm pawg 30: cov tub rog tshiab tau tsim los ntawm 304th los ntawm Fab Kis mus rau thaj tsam Kamensk; pab pawg Kreizing (nws cov tub ntxhais suav nrog cov chav ntawm Pawg Roob Peb 3); seem ntawm lub tsev 29th; cov seem ntawm 298th Infantry Division ua haujlwm sab qaum teb ntawm Millerovo. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, German cov lus txib tswj hwm xa yim yim kev sib cais tawm tsam cov tub rog uas tau nce qib ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob.
Kev sib ntaus sib tua coj tus yam ntxwv tawv ncauj ntau dua. Ntawm qhov one tes, lub peev xwm poob siab ntawm Soviet lub xov tooj ntawm tes tau ua kom tsis muaj zog, lawv lub nraub qaum tau poob qis, lawv nyob deb ntawm lawv cov khoom siv hauv paus. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau rov sib sau ua ke thiab ntxiv cov tub rog nrog lub zog, khoom siv, khoom siv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, Cov Neeg German tau ntsuas nrawm los kho lub hauv ntej, rub cov tub rog los ntawm lwm cov lus qhia thiab khaws cia. Siv cov ntawv tshiab tuaj txog, cov yeeb ncuab tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab dav hlau hauv qee thaj chaw. Tshwj xeeb yog kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav tau tawm tsam thaj tsam sab qab teb ntawm Chertkovo, Millerovo, Tatsinskaya thiab sab qaum teb ntawm Morozovsk.
Tus thawj coj hauv ntej, Vatutin, tau xaj rau 6th thiab 1st Guards armies tuav lawv txoj haujlwm, ua kom tiav kev tshem tawm ntawm cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog raug thaiv hauv thaj tsam Garmashevka thiab Chertkov, coj Millerovo thiab ua tiav kev tawm mus rau Voloshino, Nikolskaya, Ilyinka, Tatsinskaya.
Lub 24th Panzer Corps hauv thaj tsam Tatsinskaya tau raug thaiv los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog thiab tau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Cov yeeb ncuab tau tsom mus rau thaj tsam no txog li ob tus tub rog thiab ob lub tank sib cais (11th thiab 6th), peb cov tub rog raug foob pob los ntawm kev ya dav hlau German. Lub koom haum Soviet tau ntsib qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov roj diesel thiab cov mos txwv. Raws li Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, 1942, cov tub rog muaj 58 lub tso tsheb hlau luam: 39 T-34 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 19 T-70 tso tsheb hlau luam. Kev muab roj thiab mos txwv yog qhov tsawg: roj diesel - 0.2 rov ua dua; Qib 1 roj av - 2, qib roj av thib ob - 2, mos txwv - 0.5 mos txwv.
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 26, 1942, lub tsheb thauj neeg tuaj txog ntawm Tatsinskaya los ntawm thaj chaw Ilyinka, nrog tsib lub T-34 tso tsheb hlau luam, xa qee yam khoom siv. Pab tub rog phom loj 24th kuj tau mus rau cov neeg tuag tom qab hmo ntuj. Tom qab ntawd, txhua txoj hauv kev raug kaw los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Qhov teeb meem nyuaj nrog roj tau daws tas vim yog cov yeeb ncuab khaws tseg (ntau dua 300 tons ntawm qib 1 thiab qib 2 roj av, roj thiab roj av). Tus pab rau tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog rau tus kws tshaj lij ntawm tus saib xyuas, tus kws tshaj lij-tub ceev xwm Orlov, tau tsim kev hloov pauv roj av los ntawm kev siv roj av, roj av thiab roj, uas ua kom ntseeg tau lub cav diesel. Txawm li cas los xij, cov mos txwv tau phem heev. Yog li ntawd, Badanov tau hais kom txuag cov mos txwv thiab ntaus lub hom phiaj kom ntseeg tau, nrog rau siv tus yeeb ncuab cov riam phom thiab mos txwv.
Hnub no, peb cov neeg ua haujlwm tso tsheb hlau luam tawm tsam ntau tus yeeb ncuab tawm tsam. Thoob plaws ib hnub, cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau tau xa tawm tsam loj heev tawm tsam cov tub rog 'kev sib ntaus sib tua. Badanov xa lub xov tooj cua mus rau lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob thiab 1st Guards Army txog qhov tsis txaus ntawm mos txwv thiab thov kom muaj cov khoom siv huab cua. Nws kuj tau hais kom npog qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog los ntawm huab cua thiab ua kom nrawm dua ua ntej ntawm cov tub rog, kom ntseeg tau tias txoj haujlwm ntawm pawg tub rog. I. Stalin muab cov lus qhia: "Nco Badanov, tsis txhob hnov qab Badanov, pab nws tawm ntawm txhua tus nqi." Cov lus txib hauv tebchaws Soviet tau qhia 25 Lub Tank thiab 1st Guards Mechanized Corps los muab kev pabcuam rau 24 Corps. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tuaj yeem hla dhau los pab Badanov lub cev.
Thaum hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 27, cov yeeb ncuab txuas ntxiv ua kom muaj zog nyob ib puag ncig Tatsinskaya, thiab thaum sawv ntxov cov neeg German txuas ntxiv lawv cov kev tawm tsam. Kev sib ntaus sib tua tawv ncauj tau ua txhua hnub. Cov yeeb ncuab tswj kom nkag mus rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm pawg tub rog 24 lub phom loj, tab sis cov neeg German tau thim rov qab los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm lub tub rog thib 130. Thaum tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam, lawv siv rab phom thiab phom ntawm cov neeg German. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej mos txwv tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 28, 1942, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Tub Rog Badanov tau txais kev tso cai los ntawm lub hauv paus hais kom thim cov neeg nyob hauv ib puag ncig. Thaum tsaus ntuj, cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog lub tshuab tawg sai sai ua rau cov yeeb ncuab sab pem hauv ntej thiab sab laug ib puag ncig rau nws nraub qaum hauv Ilyinka cheeb tsam, kev poob thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav tsis tseem ceeb. Cov tub ceev xwm khaws nws lub peev xwm sib ntaus thiab tsis pub dhau ob peb hnub tau sib ntaus hauv cheeb tsam Morozovsk.
Kev vam meej memorial monument. Rostov cheeb tsam
Thaum lub sijhawm tua, Badanov cov tub rog tau rhuav tshem ntau dua 11 txhiab tus yeeb ncuab cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm, nqa 4,769 tus neeg raug kaw, tsoo 84 lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 106 phom, rhuav tshem txog 10 lub roj teeb thiab 431 lub dav hlau hauv thaj tsam Tatsinskaya ib leeg. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 27, 1942, ntawv xov xwm "Krasnaya Zvezda" tau hais txog tus phab ej - tankmen thoob plaws lub tebchaws. Qhov Kev Txiav Txim Siab ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm USSR ntawm kev muab khoom plig Vasily Mikhailovich Badanov nrog qib ntawm Tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm thiab Kev Txiav Txim Siab ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Supreme Soviet ntawm USSR ntawm kev muab khoom plig rau nws qhov Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Suvorov II tau tshaj tawm. Lub 24th Panzer Corps tau hloov pauv mus rau 2nd Guards Corps thiab tau txais lub npe zoo "Tatsinsky".
Ntawm sab xis ntawm Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Poob, cov yeeb ncuab, rub tawm cov peev txheej, tawm tsam cov tub rog ntawm 6th thiab 1st Guards armies. Txawm li cas los xij, tus yeeb ncuab ua tsis tiav. Txog thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, pab tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob tau nce mus txog qhov tob 200 km thiab mus txog Novaya Kalitva - Vysochinov - Belovodsk - Voloshino - Millerovo - Ilyinka - Skosyrskaya - Chernyshkovsky kab. Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm Middle Don kev ua haujlwm.
Cov txiaj ntsig
Thaum lub sijhawm tawm tsam, Soviet pab tub rog tau tso 1,246 qhov chaw nyob thiab ua rau cov neeg raug mob hnyav. Lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm pawg tub rog Italian thib 8, pab pawg Hollidt thiab pab tub rog Romanian thib 3 tau swb lawm. Cov phiaj xwm ntawm German hais kom tsim pab pawg tawm tsam hauv cheeb tsam Tormosin tau thwarted, txij li cov tub rog tau tsom mus rau ntawm no tau siv nyob rau hauv ib feem hauv Middle Don cheeb tsam (Morozovsk, Tatsinskaya). Pawg neeg tawm tsam ntawm Hoth, uas tau tawg mus rau Stalingrad, tsis muaj zog. Nws qhov kev tawm tsam tseem ceeb, 6th Panzer Division, tau coj ncaj qha los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Yog li, lub tswv yim ntawm kev thaiv lub 6th Army ntawm Paulus thaum kawg tau tawg. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau txais lub sijhawm los tsim kev tawm tsam hauv Voroshilovgrad thiab Voronezh cov lus qhia.
Cov tub rog ntawm Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob thiab ib feem ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Voronezh lub ntsej muag tau rhuav tshem tsib qhov kev sib cais Italian thiab peb pawg tub rog thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis tawm tsam, thiab swb rau rau kev sib cais. Tsis tas li ntawd, plaub tus tub rog, ob lub tank German kev sib ntaus yeej swb yeej. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua no, Soviet cov tub rog tau ntes 60,000 tus tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm (tag nrho cov yeeb ncuab poob rau 120 txhiab tus tib neeg), ntes tau 368 lub dav hlau, 176 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 1,927 phom ua khoom plig.
Kev thim rov qab ntawm German pawg ntawm Pab Pawg Pab Pawg "Don" tom qab kev sim ua tsis tiav los tso Stalingrad
Pawg tub rog Italian thib 8 tau raug kev puas tsuaj li ntawd nws tsis tuaj yeem rov zoo li qub lawm. Kev swb ntawm cov tub rog Italian ntawm Don ua rau Rome poob siab. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm Rome thiab Berlin tsis zoo zuj zus. Lub Duce regime staggered. Tsis ntev los no Ltalis tau ua tiav tsis koom nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov yeeb ncuab tau siv cov peev txheej npaj rau kev tawm tsam Stalingrad, thiab tso tseg kev sim ntxiv txhawm rau thaiv Paulus pawg neeg nyob ib puag ncig ntawd, uas tau txiav txim siab nws txoj hmoo thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis yog ntawm Stalingrad-Rostov, tab sis ntawm tag nrho Soviet-German pem hauv ntej. Lub teb chaws Yelemees tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev sib tw xyoo 1942 ntawm lub xyoo, uas tau pib ua tiav. Hauv Kev Tsov Rog Zoo Tshaj Plaws, qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim, Red Army tau tuav txoj haujlwm. Tsuas yog ob peb hnub yuav dhau mus, thiab Red Army yuav pib ua phem rau ntawm sab xub ntiag.
Monument rau Middle Don kev ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam Bogucharsky ntawm Voronezh cheeb tsam
Qhov chaw ntawm
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