Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas
Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas

Video: Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas

Video: Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas
Video: 07/05/2023 💥【SUAV LIAM MEKAS SIV TAIWAN UA ROG】RUSSIA & UKRAINE, INDIA TSHUAV SIB TUA 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim
Duab
Duab

Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo tshiab, cov neeg siv kev sib raug zoo hauv ntiaj teb tau tshawb pom qhov qub filmstrip (ib hom duab swb nrog cov ntawv sau) "Hauv 2017" hauv lawv cov stash. Nws tus kws sau ntawv hauv daim ntawv uas nkag siab tau sim qhia rau Soviet cov menyuam tias lub ntiaj teb yuav zoo li cas 57 xyoo tom qab hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Kaum Hli: neeg hlau, kev sib tham hauv video, mus ncig chaw, tsheb ciav hlau atomic.

Kuv tau txaus siab rau keeb kwm ntawm kev siv thiab kev siv lub tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR.

Cov ntsiab lus thiab cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws:

→ Duab scanner

→ Cov ntaub ntawv nkag / tawm cov khoom siv.

→ Tus scanner ua haujlwm li cas thiab ua haujlwm li cas.

Tus xeeb ceem ntawm scanners → Phototelegraph

→ Siv tshuab thev naus laus zis

Cov duab los ntawm 1957 cov yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab:

Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas
Cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR - nws pib li cas
Duab
Duab

Tab sis nws tsuas yog xyoo 1953 uas V. M. Fridkin, uas nyuam qhuav kawm tiav hauv Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Moscow, tau tsim thawj lub tshuab luam ntawv Soviet thiab tom qab ntawd tsim txoj kev xav ntawm xerography. Yav tom ntej, raws li peb paub, tuaj sai dua li xyoo 2017, zoo li rau tshuab luam ntawv - kom paub meej.

Hauv Soviet Union, kev luam thiab theej cov tshuab (hectographs) tau txiav txim siab tias yog lub tswv yim, lawv yuav tsum tau sau npe nrog KGB, thiab cov ntaub ntawv nruj tshaj plaws tau khaws cia ntawm leej twg theej qhov twg thiab nyob qhov twg.

- hu nkauj hauv zaj nkauj nto moo ntawm Alexander Galich (hint, raws li koj nkag siab, rau samizdat …)

Rau qhov tsis tau tso cai siv kev theej thiab luam theej duab thev naus laus zis hauv USSR, ib tus tuaj yeem "zaum" rau 10 xyoo.

"HUAB TAIS YEARS BANNED, LOSSIS QHOV TSEEB HECTOGRAPH"

Kev pib nthuav tawm kev siv tshuab computer hauv USSR tau qhib qhov haujlwm tshiab rau kev tsim kho tshiab. Nyob rau xyoo 1980s lig, pab pawg ntawm cov kws tsim txuj ci hluas los ntawm lub koom haum Automation thiab Electrometry ntawm SB RAS tau pib tsim cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm tsim tawm.

Siv: Cov keeb kwm keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb.

Tau ua tiav qee qhov ua tiav, cov npoj yaig tau teeb tsa kev koom tes thiab pib tsim thiab txhawb lawv txoj kev txhim kho. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm yog Uniscan projection scanner, uas ua ke lub peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv thiab lub koob yees duab digital niaj hnub no. Nws muaj kev daws teeb meem ntawm 72 megapixels. Qhov kev daws teeb meem no ua rau nws pom pom cov plaub muag ib tus tib neeg hauv A0 hom ntawv.

Duab
Duab

Cov duab ntawm 72 megapixels nyob rau hauv lub lig 80s muab tawm zoo li no

Thawj lub tshuab luam ntawv tsim cov xim dub thiab dawb lossis cov duab grayscale. "Qhib lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws qhov tsis meej pem!" - tso dag hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm. Cov qauv no kuj tsis txawv hauv kev tsim ua kom zoo nkauj. Tom qab ntawd, lub teeb lim tau ntxiv rau qhov tsim, thiab txij lub sijhawm ntawd lub tshuab luam ntawv ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov xim puv xim.

Lub Uniscan scanner tau siv rau kev nrhiav cov duab thiab ua hauv kev lag luam luam ntawv, rau kev lees paub cov ntawv thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv, hauv kev kos duab thiab tsim qauv, rau tsim cov ntawv theej ntawm cov phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv, rau cov duab loj thiab micro ntawm cov khoom nyob ruaj khov. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas nrog lub tshuab tsom pom tau pom tias muaj ntau qhov xav tau hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev noj qab haus huv - Uniscan scanner tau ua pov thawj los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas tau muab hauv ntiaj teb rau cov haujlwm no.

Duab
Duab

Raws li kuv nkag siab qhov teeb meem no - pab pawg pib ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas kws tsim txuj ci xyoo 1995 (twb muaj nyob hauv Lavxias) tau tsim LLC "Uniscan" hauv Novosibirsk.

Duab
Duab

LLC "Uniscan" tseem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.

Cov tshuab luam ntawv rau nkag mus rau cov swb ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nkag tau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov xov xwm pob tshab. Feem ntau cov no yog ob qho tib si tshuab luam ntawv nrog tus qauv tshwj xeeb swb, lossis nruas tshuab luam ntawv. Lawv cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb yog tshaj tawm thiab kos duab. Los ntawm txoj kev, kom txog thaum tsis ntev los no, tus xov tooj siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub nruas scanner tau siv los hloov nplooj ntawv txheej txheem ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv nruab nrab thoob plaws thaj chaw ntawm yav dhau los USSR.

Duab
Duab

Tau kawg, peb tsis yog thawj tus hauv cheeb tsam no:

Duab
Duab

Tab sis lawv tsis yog neeg sab nrauv ib yam.

Tsis ntev "cov tuav tes" cov tshuab luam ntawv tau tshwm sim hauv USSR:

Duab
Duab

Ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog cov cuab yeej pom tau yooj yim txav mus los, PKGIO tau paub - "Cov cuab yeej siv tsis siv neeg rau kev teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv duab kho qhov muag" (qhov kho qhov muag yog, pom tseeb, pom lub cuab yeej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub iav tsom iav nrog tus ntoo khaub lig thiab lub hauv paus induction kauj). Cov khoom siv tseem suav nrog cov xaum hluav taws xob thiab cov twj siv hluav taws xob: ob npaug (Lavxias thiab Latin, nrog rau ib qho ntxiv nrog cov ntawv Greek) laub-khawm keyboard thiab cov keyboard nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub rooj nrog qhov uas koj xav tau poke nrog hluav taws xob xaum - nws tau teeb tsa hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj ib sab ntawm nws thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub cuab yeej nce mus txog 0.1 hli.

Kuv xav sau tseg ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas (lossis theej, theej) cov cuab yeej - neeg soj xyuas (lossis tshawb nrhiav) cov cuab yeej.

Duab
Duab

Nco tseg:

Cov nto moo tshaj plaws (lossis zoo dua "nto moo") txhais tau tias tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuab luam ntawv "Cinnamon", "Winter" thiab "Tan"

Duab
Duab

Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, ntxiv rau qhov xav tau kev nrawm thiab ua tau zoo ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv, ua rau cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm NIL-11 (lub chaw kuaj tshwj xeeb uas yog ib feem ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Qhia Txuj Ci (OTU)) KGB ntawm USSR) los tsim lub tshuab nqa lub tshuab nqa nqa rau A4 cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv lub koob yees duab tshiab hu ua "Cinnamon", daim ntawv tau npog nrog lub iav siab ntawm sab ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej (tib qhov loj ib yam li hauv A4 hom ntawv), thiab daim iav-prism mechanism txav sab hauv lub cuab yeej luam theej tawm cov ntawv nyob hauv qab kev ua ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.

Rau kev teeb pom kev zoo ib yam ntawm daim ntawv hauv "Cinnamon", tshwj xeeb qhov ci thiab ntev lub teeb pom kev zoo, zoo li cov teeb roj fluorescent, tau muab, uas tau txav mus nrog lub iav-prism mechanism. Nws lub zog, nrog rau kev thauj mus los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab thaij duab, tau muab los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, tsoo los ntawm qib sab rau tua ib lub thav duab. Daim kab xev "Cinnamon" tuav txog 400 tus qauv ntawm tus qauv 35 mm zaj duab xis thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv sai nrog "tshiab" ib qho nyob rau hauv lub teeb nyob hauv ob peb feeb, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm luam theej tawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv. Lub lens qhov siab tau xaiv nyob ntawm qhov nkag siab ntawm zaj duab xis. "Cinnamon" muaj lub thav duab thav duab, nrog rau lub qhov rooj kaw yooj yim uas ua haujlwm los ntawm ob sab xis thiab sab tes. Tus txheej txheem 110/220 volt hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv los ua lub zog rau Cinnamon lub teeb pom kev zoo, ntxiv rau 12 volt qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub tsheb lub teeb cigarette.

Duab
Duab

"Cinnamon" tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo rau kev luam theej tawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv, piv txwv li, thaum tus tub ceev xwm-tus saib xyuas tau txais cov ntaub ntawv zais los ntawm nws tus neeg sawv cev los ntawm lub cache rau lub sijhawm luv luv, theej lawv hauv tsheb, saib xyuas qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev zais, thiab tom qab ua tiav txoj haujlwm tau xa lawv rov qab mus rau tus neeg sawv cev hauv txoj kev npaj ua ntej. "Cinnamon" kuj tseem nquag siv hauv cov chav muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab hauv chav tsev so, uas cov ntaub ntawv tau txais rau lub sijhawm tau xa thiab, tom qab luam theej duab, tau xa rov qab mus rau qhov chaw khaws cia. Qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav ntawm "Cinnamon" ua ke nrog lub zog siv hluav taws xob thiab cov kab xev ua ntej thauj khoom nrog cov duab thaij duab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nqa tag nrho cov teeb tsa hauv lub thawv me me lossis hauv cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv, uas ua kom muaj kev zais ntawm tag nrho cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog lub cuab yeej ob qho tib si hauv lub tsheb nres lossis txav chaw, thiab rau cov ntaub ntawv ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv chav.

Cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm KGB nquag siv "Cinnamon", ceeb toom txog kev teeb tsa yooj yim thiab tswj tau yooj yim ntawm lub cuab yeej, hauv kev txuas nrog uas cov khoom lag luam "Cinnamon" tau teeb tsa ntawm Krasnogorsk cog, qhov chaw uas lub cuab yeej raug xa mus rau lub hoobkas. qhov ntsuas C-125.

Tom qab ntawd, chav ua haujlwm ntawm KGB tau txais qhov qauv ntawm "Cinnamon", tsim los siv 16 hli cov duab thaij duab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob kom tsav lub iav-prism system thiab txheej txheem thauj cov yeeb yaj kiab. Zima cov cuab yeej tshiab tau me dua me me thiab muab cov ntawv theej ntawm A4 hauv ob zaug, nrog txhua ib nrab ntawm daim ntawv sib tshooj. Zima daim kab xev tau tsim los rau 400 txhaj tshuaj, muaj 6 meters ntawm 16 mm ob-perforated zaj duab xis nrog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 45 txog 700 units. GOST. Kev yees duab ntawm ib tus ncej pib tom qab hloov tus tes hloov mus rau sab xis nrog tus ntiv tes xoo ntawm sab tes xis, thiab tau ua tiav rau 2.5 vib nas this. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob suav nrog hauv "Lub Caij Ntuj No" teeb tsa ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej los ntawm 12 lub tsheb tsheb sib txuas thiab los ntawm tus qauv 110/220 volt hluav taws xob network.

Txawm hais tias nws qhov ntev me dua thiab muaj lub zog tsav, Zima lub cuab yeej tsis tau nquag siv hauv kev ua haujlwm. Raws li KGB cov tub ceev xwm, cov cuab yeej siv ntau xyoo rau hauv thaj chaw khaws khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab raug tshem tawm tsuas yog cov khoom lag luam txhua xyoo. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, kev luam daim ntawv A4 ob zaug ua rau tsis yooj yim, thiab ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm nyiam dua "Cinnamon" qub.

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Duab

Hauv nruab nrab-1980s. ib qho qauv ntawm "Cinnamon" thiab "Winter" zoo li, lub koob yees duab "Zagar", rau kev luam daim ntawv A4 tag nrho ntawm 16 hli zaj duab xis nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm daim iav-prism cov txheej txheem rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab thauj cov yeeb yaj kiab.

Zagara daim kab xev tau tsim los rau 400 txhaj tshuaj, teeb kuj suav nrog ob daim kab xev ntxiv. Yog li, "Zagar" tuaj yeem muab cov ntawv luam nrawm dua ntau dua ib txhiab nplooj ntawv.

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Duab

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshiab "Zagar" tsis nquag siv, tej zaum vim yog qhov hnyav hnyav (ntau dua 3 kg) thiab nce qhov ntev, uas, feem ntau yuav ua rau tsis yooj yim rau cov neeg ua haujlwm khiav haujlwm thaum thauj "Zagar" ", uas yog qhov nyuaj dhau los kom haum rau hauv cov qauv txheej txheem. Hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1980s. kev siv lub tshuab ntsuas lub computer tau pib, uas tau luam tawm hauv kev sib piv nrog qhov loj "Zagar" tau yooj yim dua. Txhua qhov no coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias lub koom haum "Zagarov" yeej tsis pom daim ntawv thov. Cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no tau khaws cia ntev hauv cov chaw khaws khoom ntawm cov cuab yeej siv ua haujlwm, kom txog thaum tau txais kev xaj kom xa tag nrho cov khoom mus rau NIL-11 rau kev puas tsuaj lossis siv tau ntawm cov khoom ib leeg, sib dhos thiab ntu.

Nov yog li cas lub xyoo pua ntawm kev siv lub koob yees duab zoo los ntawm KGB kev faib tawm tau xaus, uas tau muab ntau qhov tsim nyog thiab tshwj xeeb yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau USSR, suav nrog cov ntawv luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov lus tsis tshua muaj, thaum xav tau rau kev txhais siab ntawm qhov ua rau tsis zoo tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yuam. Niaj hnub no, hauv cov khoom siv ntawm cov kev pabcuam txawj ntse niaj hnub muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev digital uas tso cai, yam tsis muaj qhov zais, txhawm rau luam theej tawm cov ntawv thiab kos duab ntawm ib qho nyuaj heev qhib thiab yooj yim.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub koob yees duab TV ntawm Luna-9 thiab Luna-13 lub dav hlau, lub koob yees duab sab ntawm Lunokhod rovers, thiab Venus cov koob yees duab tuaj yeem raug hu ua lub tshuab luam ntawv. Thiab lub tshuab luam ntawv tiag tiag tuaj yeem suav tias yog Luna -19 thiab -22. Lub koob yees duab yog cov kab duab kab duab kab duab uas tau txheeb xyuas cov duab ntawm lub hli hli txav hauv qab lub tshuab. Ntsuas:

Duab
Duab
Duab
Duab

Niaj hnub no, tsis muaj lub tshuab luam ntawv, peb tsis tuaj yeem xav txog peb lub neej li qub:

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Duab

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Qhov ntawd yog txhua yam uas kuv tau tswj kom khawb txog cov tshuab luam ntawv hauv USSR.

Tej zaum ib tug neeg paub ntau dua?

Siv cov ntaub ntawv, duab thiab yeeb yaj kiab

Qhov chaw ntawm

Ua tsaug rau qhov kev piav qhia tseem ceeb Ghost007 @svitoglad, @hoegni, @petuhov_k thiab @Rumlin

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