Lub phom loj tiv thaiv 37-mm tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm 1944 tus qauv tau tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm rab phom uas yuav luag tsis tau. Kev rov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm rab phom tau ua tiav hauv ob txoj hauv kev: ua tsaug rau lub tshuab nqus pa haib haib, uas yog qhov zoo rau phom tiv thaiv lub tank; vim yog lub hauv paus txheej txheem, uas yog hom ntoo khaub lig nruab nrab ntawm ob npaug rov qab thiab rab phom tsis rov qab, uas tau ua raws li cov phiaj xwm nrog qhov tsis muaj zog.
Tom qab qhov raug tua, lub phom ntawm rab phom tau txav rov qab 90-100 millimeters, thiab qhov inert loj (hauv txoj haujlwm muaj lub npe "lub cev hnyav") raug tshem tawm ntawm lub thoob, rov qab sab hauv sab hauv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1050 mus rau 1070 mm. Qhov inert huab hwm coj tau nrawm dua los ntawm kev zawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab kev sib txhuam. Nws kuj tseem dov lub inert huab hwm coj mus rau nws txoj haujlwm qub.
Cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm lub thoob, lub dav hlau thiab cov mos txwv raug coj los ntawm 37-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis siv neeg lub tshuab ua rog xyoo 1939. Ib qho ntxiv, 37-mm sub-caliber projectile BR-167P tau tsim rau rab phom no.
Yog tias tsim nyog, rab phom tuaj yeem raug muab cais ua peb ntu ntu: lub tshuab, daim ntaub thaiv thiab ntu viav vias.
Lub tshuab nqa tau siv rau kev taw qhia ntsug, thiab kev taw qhia kab rov tav tau nqa los ntawm rab phom lub xub pwg.
Lub tshuab ob lub log muaj lub txaj zawv zawg. Lub txaj tau tsav thiab qhib tas mus li. Hauv qhov chaw khaws cia ntawm lub log, daim ntaub thaiv tau teeb tsa raws qhov txav ntawm rab phom.
Cov phom cua tau tsim hauv OKBL-46 xyoo 1943. Qhov haujlwm tau coj los ntawm Komaritsky thiab Charnko (OKBL - OKB - kuaj).
Thawj qhov kev sim ntawm cov phom loj tau tsim los ntawm lub Hoobkas # 79 NKV. Cov phom tau muab rau Cheka index (Charnko-Komaritsky). Cheka muaj lub tog raj kheej hydraulic nres thiab lub tog raj kheej.
Cov phom loj ntawm lub Hoobkas naj npawb 79 tau hloov kho tshiab thiab muab ZIV-2 qhov ntsuas. ZIV-2 muaj lub tog raj kheej nres nres thiab lub tog raj kheej puag ncig.
Hauv OKBL-46, lwm qhov kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm rab phom tau ua tom qab ntawd. Qhov hloov kho tshiab tshiab tau muab rau ChK-M1 qhov ntsuas. Tom qab qhia txog qhov tshiab, muaj hwj chim ntau dua muzzle nres, qhov xav tau rau hydraulic recoil nres tau raug tshem tawm thiab nws tau raug tshem tawm. Cov phom loj yog puag ncig.
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab ke ntawm lub log yog: Cheka - 218 kg; ZIV -2 - 233 kg; ChK -M1 - 209 kg.
Tag nrho peb tus qauv ntawm rab phom hla kev sib piv kev xeem tub rog nyob ze Moscow thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1944 hauv ob theem. Thawj theem, uas suav nrog kev sim ya dav hlau, tau ua los ntawm 26.03.44 txog 02.04.44 - ze Medvezhye Lakes ntawm lub tshav dav hlau raws qhov cais pawg tub rog. Kev tua phom - theem thib ob - tau ua los ntawm 04/03/44 txog 04/18/44 ntawm Voroshilov cov chav kawm.
Tag nrho peb qhov kev xaiv tau muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo, uas yog lub hom phiaj tsuas yog rau kev thauj mus los los ntawm kev suav cov phom. Tuav rab phom los ntawm lub tsheb coj mus rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm rab phom nqa phom. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum thauj phom hauv tsheb "Willis" (1-phom), GAZ-64 (1 rab phom), Dodge (2 phom) thiab GAZ-A (2 phom), ntxiv rau hauv lub maus taus sidecar Harley Davidson. Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, rab phom tuaj yeem thauj hauv ib lub tawb nqa khoom.
Thaum lub sijhawm sim ua tub rog, lub log tsheb thiab daim ntaub thaiv tau sib cais los ntawm rab phom 37-millimeter, thiab nws tau teeb tsa ntawm lub thav duab tubular (kev teeb tsa "Pygmy"). Los ntawm kev teeb tsa no nws tuaj yeem tua los ntawm tsheb GAZ-64 thiab "Willis". Hauv qhov no, cov lus taw qhia ntsug tau hloov pauv ntawm -5 ° txog + 5 °, thiab lub kaum sab xis qhia kab rov tav yog 30 °. Cov maus taus thiab tsheb tas hauv kev sim tub rog tsuas yog siv thauj phom. Hauv tib lub xyoo 44, tab sis tom qab ntawd, lub tsheb maus taus Harley Davidson tau hloov kho rau kev tua. Muaj ob lub maus taus rau txhua rab phom. Ib lub tsheb maus taus nyob hauv tsev muaj rab phom, tus tsav tsheb, rab phom thiab tus neeg nqa khoom. Qhov thib ob - tus tsav tsheb, tus thawj coj thiab tus nqa khoom.
ChK-M1 teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb Willys
Kev tua los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub maus taus ntawm qhov txav mus tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm qhov nrawm txog 10 kilometers ib teev ntawm txoj kev tiaj tus.
Thaum lub sijhawm sim ya dav hlau, cov phom tau poob rau hauv lub dav hlau A-7, BDP-2 thiab G-11. Txhua lub dav hlau tau ntim nrog ib rab phom, mos txwv (191 txhaj rau hauv A-7, 222 txhaj rau BDP-2 thiab G-11) thiab 4 tus neeg ua haujlwm. Nws yog qhov xav paub kom ceeb toom tias hauv daim ntawv qhia kev sim ya dav hlau, ChK rab phom raug xa mus rau ChK-37, ChK-M1-ChK-37-M1, thaum ZIV-2 tsis tau txais lub npe tshiab.
Thaum lub sijhawm sim dav hlau hauv LI-2, rab phom, mos txwv thiab cov neeg coob tau thauj khoom mus dhia. Cov av pov tseg - nrawm 200 kilometers toj ib teev, siab 600 meters.
Hauv kev sim ya dav hlau, lub foob pob TB-3 nrog lub tshuab M-17 tau siv rau kev xa khoom, hauv qab tis uas ob lub tsheb GAZ-64 lossis Willis nrog lub phom loj 37-mm tau muab tso rau ntawm lawv tau raug tshem tawm.
Raws li "Cov lus qhia ib ntus rau kev siv kev sib ntaus ntawm 37-mm lub dav hlau phom", uas tau tshaj tawm xyoo 1944, thaum thauj los ntawm txoj kev tsaws, 2 maus taus, 1 rab phom thiab 6 tus neeg tau muab tso rau hauv LI-2 (tag nrho qhov hnyav 2227 kg)), thiab hauv C -47 zoo ib yam, ntxiv rau cov mos txwv thiab rab phom, (tag nrho qhov hnyav 2894 kg).
Thaum caij nkoj, lub maus taus thiab rab phom tau muab tso rau sab nrauv ntawm IL-4, thiab cov mos txwv thiab cov neeg coob-ntawm LI-2.
Thaum lub sijhawm tua, nws tau pom meej tias cov cuab yeej nkag los ntawm rab phom 37-mm nrog lub peev xwm loj ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 500 metres tsis zoo dua li 45-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm xyoo 1937.
Qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm daim ntaub thaiv uas siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov phom loj tau suav tias yog qhov txaus siab, thiab hauv thaj chaw uas muaj cov tawg tawg tawg - tsis txaus siab (pom muaj kev sib cais loj). Thaum lub qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm ZIV-2 rab phom, nws lub thoob tawg sib nrug.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kev ntsuas no, pawg thawj coj pom zoo tias yuav tsum tau siv ChK-M1, vim nws yooj yim dua rau kev khiav lag luam thiab tsim khoom, sib zog dua thiab tsis muaj lub tshuab hydraulic nres.
ChK-M1 rab phom tau muab lub npe hu ua "37-mm airborne cannon of the 1944 model."
Cov phom thiab cov phom rau 37-hli tsis siv neeg cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau xyoo 1939 1. UBR-167P puag ncig nrog lub plhaub BR-167P. 2. Tua UBR-167 nrog lub projectile BR-167. 3. Tua UOR-167N nrog lub projectile LOSSIS-167N.
Xyoo 1944, Tsob Ntoo No. 74 tsim 290 ChK-M1 rab phom, thiab Tsob Ntoo No. 79 tsim 25 rab phom. Tsob Ntoo No. 79 tsim 157 phom nyob rau xyoo 1945, tom qab uas lawv cov khoom tiav lawm. Tag nrho 472 ChK-M1 rab phom tau tsim.
Hais lus txog phom phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau hais txog cov qauv tsim ntawm Central Artillery Design Bureau (TsAKB), tsim los ntawm kev coj ua ntawm Grabin. Cov qauv tsim no suav nrog 37mm S-46 phom cua (1944) thiab 76mm C-62 phom cua (1944). Lub phom loj S-62 tau nruab nrog lub tshuab nqus pa roj, uas tau nyob hauv lub qhov ncauj. Hauv xyoo 45, lawv tsim nws cov ntawv hloov kho tshiab, uas tau txais lub npe C-62-1.
ChK-37 M1 ntawm Harley
Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm rab phom ChK-M1:
Caliber - 37 hli;
Chim chim - 63 caliber;
Lub kaum ntawm kev taw qhia ntsug - -5 °; + 5 ° degrees;
Kab rov tav kev taw qhia kaum - 45 ° lawg;
Cov ntaub thaiv npog tuab - 4.5 hli;
Qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua - 209-217 kg;
Tus nqi hluav taws - 15-25 teev ib feeb twg.
Cov mos txwv thiab ballistics:
Qhov projectile - BR -167;
Txhaj tshuaj - UBR -167
Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile - 0.758 kg;
Fuse - tsis muaj;
Them hnyav - 0, 210 kg;
Thawj qhov nrawm yog 865 m / s.
Qhov projectile - BR -167P;
Txhaj tshuaj - UBR -167P;
Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile - 0.610 kg;
Fuse - tsis muaj;
Them hnyav - 0, 217 kg;
Thawj qhov nrawm yog 955 m / s.
Projectile - LOS YOG -167;
Tua - UOR -167;
Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile - 0.732 kg;
Fuse - MG -8;
Them hnyav - 0, 210 kg;
Thawj qhov nrawm yog 870 m / s.
