Ib qho kev sib ntaus sib tua loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th tau tshwm sim 100 xyoo dhau los. Tsov rog ntawm Komarov xaus nrog kev swb hnyav rau Budyonny's 1st Cavalry Army.
Tig ntawm Budyonny cov tub rog mus rau sab qaum teb
Vim yog qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo nyob rau hauv Warsaw kev taw qhia, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tau txiav txim siab hloov 1st Cavalry Army los ntawm cheeb tsam Lvov mus rau sab qaum teb. Tus thawj coj ntawm Sab Hnub Poob xaj kom Budyonny pab tub rog tua tus yeeb ncuab txoj cai. Tukhachevsky vam tias yuav hloov lub zog ntawm pab pawg Polish tawm tsam mus rau sab qab teb kom tsis txhob sib tsoo ntawm 1st Cavalry Army, uas yuav tsum tau tso cai rau cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob rov los sib sau ua ke, zam kev nyob ib puag ncig thiab kev puas tsuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd rov pib ua phem rau cov neeg Polish peev.
Txawm li cas los xij, txog thaum Lub Yim Hli 19, 1920, Budyonny kev sib cais tau tawm tsam hnyav rau Lviv thaj tsam muaj zog. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, cov tub rog ntawm Sab Hnub Poob twb tau thim rov qab los ntawm Warsaw thiab, thaum lub sijhawm rov qab los rau lawv txoj haujlwm qub, raug kev txom nyem hnyav hauv kev ua haujlwm, cov phom loj thiab cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv. 1st Cavalry Army tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Lvov. Cov lus txib tseem tseem tsis tau npaj lub hom phiaj meej. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 20, Trotsky tau muab cov lus qhia los txhawb rau Sab Hnub Poob tam sim ntawd, tab sis tsis tau hais kom meej meej kom xaus kev ua phem rau Lvov. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 21-24, Cov tub rog Cavalry yuav tsum tau koom nrog hauv kev tshem tawm kev tawm tsam Polish. Cov yeeb ncuab tua peb cov tub rog nyob ze Lvov, Red Army tau rov qab los rau Kab. Budyonny cov tub rog caij nkoj tau tsoo cov yeeb ncuab.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tub rog Polish tau tawm hauv cheeb tsam Lvov nrog lawv lub zog kawg. Nws yog qhov ntse los txuas ntxiv kev ua haujlwm thiab coj lub nroog. Qhov no yuav ua rau kev swb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab Lvov pab pawg thiab ntxiv dag zog rau Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob. Tsis tas li, kev ntes Lviv los ntawm Red Army ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau sab xis thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm Warsaw pab pawg ntawm cov tub rog Polish. Cov lus txib Polish yuav tsum tau hloov pauv ib feem ntawm nws cov rog los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau Lvov cov lus qhia, uas tau yooj yim txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog tawm ntawm Tukhachevsky. Thiab qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm Budyonny cov tub rog los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Lvov, qhov uas muaj ob pab tub rog sib cais (Yakir pab pawg), ua rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm Lvov pab pawg ntawm pab tub rog liab ploj zuj zus. Cov tub rog rub cov koog mus rau Lviv uas tau tawg nyob rau thaum lub sij hawm kev kov yeej ntawm Cavalry ntawm ntau txoj kab thiab deb tom qab liab cavalry. Yakir, raug hem los ntawm ib puag ncig, raug yuam kom thim rov qab.
Kev hloov pauv ntawm 1st Cavalry Army mus rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob tsis muaj teeb meem ntxiv, Sab Hnub Poob twb tau swb lawm, txoj haujlwm ntawm Sab Qab Teb Sab Hnub Poob tsuas yog zuj zus tuaj. Lub Yim Hli 25, cov seem ntawm Tukhachevsky cov tub rog tau rov qab los rau txoj kab Augustow - Lipsk - Visloch - Belovezh - Opalin. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Vistula tau xaus rau kev puas tsuaj. Lub Yim Hli 25, Budenny cov tub rog tau raug xa mus rau Zamoć, uas tsis muaj kev nkag siab. Tsis tas li, cov tub rog liab twb tau qaug zog thiab tso ntshav tawm los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua dhau los ntawm tus dej. Styr thiab rau Lviv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm nkees nkees, riam phom thiab khoom siv tsis zoo, cov mos txwv tab tom ploj mus. Cov tub rog zaum ntawm kev tshaib plab, cov nees tau qaug zog. Vim li ntawd, Cavalry lub tshuab tsis muaj zog.
Raid rau Zamoć
Nws tau tshwm sim uas tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm kev tawm ntawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm Sab Hnub Poob thiab Sab Qab Teb Hnub Poob, 1st Cavalry Army yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm cais cais. Cov tub rog yuav tsum mus rau Zamoć, kom nyob hauv thaj tsam Skomorokhi-Komarov. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 25, Liab Cavalry tsom mus rau Sab Hnub Poob Dej. Thib 4 Cavalry Division ntawm Tyulenev (tom qab ntawd Timoshenko) tau txav mus rau tom ntej, ntawm sab xis, nrog lub nraub qaum, - Parkhomenko's 14th Cavalry Division, ntawm sab laug - Apanasenko's 6th Division. Lub 11 Cavalry Division of Morozov tau nyob tom qab, cov tub rog khaws cia. Tag nrho kwv yees li 17 txhiab tus tub rog, ntau dua 40 rab phom thiab 280 rab phom tshuab. Ntawm sab xis ntawm Budyonny cov tub rog, sab hnub tuaj ntawm Grubeshov, yog 44th, thiab sab laug, ntawm kab Kristinopol-Sokal, yog 24 lub phom loj ntawm pab tub rog 12. Armored tsheb ciav hlau ntawm Cavalry tau pauv mus rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Kovel - Vladimir -Volynsky, Kovel - Kholm. Cov tub rog rab phom loj thiab khoom noj tau xa mus rau Lutsk, los ntawm qhov chaw mos txwv thiab zaub mov tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov tub rog. Lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm thiab tsheb ciav hlau kho mob kuj tau txav mus rau ntawd.
Ntev los nag pib, txoj kev tau ntub. Ob peb hnub ntawm cov nag los tau hloov thaj chaw ntoo thiab hav dej mus rau hauv thaj chaw uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, ua rau muaj teeb meem nyuaj rau kev txav ntawm cov tub rog. Kev txav ntawm lub laub thiab rab phom loj dhau los ua tsis tau. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 27, cov tub rog Cavalry tau nkag rau hauv kev sib ntaus nrog cov yeeb ncuab ntawm Dej Khuchva. Cov tub rog liab tau thawb cov yeeb ncuab rov qab. Los ntawm cov neeg raug kaw Budennovites tau kawm txog cov rog tawm tsam lawv. Cov pab pawg neeg Polish suav nrog 2nd Legionnaire Infantry Division, 13th Infantry thiab 1st Cavalry Division, White Guard Cossack Brigade ntawm Yakovlev (los ntawm chav nyob ntawm General Bredov). Tsis tas li ntawd, Tshooj 10 Infantry Division thiab Petliurites (6th Ukrainian Division) tau pauv mus rau qhov kev qhia no. Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 13 thiab 1st Cavalry Kev Sib cais tau koom ua ke rau hauv General Haller pawg. Ob qho kev sib cais ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tau tawm tsam Budyonny ze Lvov. 1st Cavalry Division tau xa tom qab Cavalry Army sai li sai tau thaum Budennovites tawm ntawm thaj av Lviv. Qhov kev faib 13 tau pib pauv los ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau.
Pom tseeb, cov yeeb ncuab txawj ntse tau txiav txim siab sai sai ntawm kev txav ntawm Cov Tub Rog Cavalry. Cov lus txib Polish tau ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tub rog ntawm Budyonny tau qhib. Kev sib faib ntawm pab tub rog 12, 44th thiab 24th, tsis txhawb nqa kev ua phem. Los ntawm sab qab teb, Cavalry raug hem los ntawm Haller pawg, los ntawm sab qaum teb - los ntawm 2nd Legionnaire Division. Kev Sib Tw Cavalry 14th thiab 11th yuav tsum raug xa mus tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag, uas ntxiv dag zog rau kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog. Qhov thib plaub thiab thib 6 Kev Sib Tw Cavalry, qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab muaj zog tshaj plaws, tau tsim kev tawm tsam mus rau sab hnub poob sab hnub poob, coj Chesniki thiab Komarov, thiab tom qab ntawd Zamosc.
Swb
Thaum Lub Yim Hli 28, txawm tias los nag thiab txoj kev puas, Cavalry tau ua tiav tiav. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab uas tawm tsam lawv, qhov thib plaub tau coj Chesniki, thib 6 - Komarov. Thaum nruab hnub, cov tub rog tau nce mus txog 25-30 km thiab tsis muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog thib 12 uas tseem tshuav ntawm Kab laum. Cov tsheb loj thiab cov phom loj ntawm Budyonny cov tub rog thaum kawg poob qab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub rog hais kom txiav txim siab txuas ntxiv mus. Sab laug ntawm cov tub rog (thib 6 thiab ntu 11) yuav tsum hla lub nroog los ntawm sab hnub poob, cuam tshuam txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab nqa Zamosc. Txoj cai ntawm cov tub rog (thib plaub thiab ntu 14) tau npog Zamosc los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qaum teb.
Twb tau nyob rau lub Yim Hli 29, qhov xwm txheej tau dhau los txaus ntshai. Cov tub rog Polish, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv los ntawm Grabovets - Grubieshov cheeb tsam, tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau 4th thiab 14th kev sib faib ntawm Tyulenev (hloov Tymoshenko) thiab Parkhomenko. Cov hav zoov thiab hav zoov tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv cov tub rog ntawm kev txav chaw. Cov tub rog caij nees taw. Cov tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv tub rog Polish tau tua peb cov tub rog nrog qhov tsis raug cai. Cov phom loj liab tau daig hauv cov swamps thiab nyob ntsiag to. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum yav tav su, Budennovites tuaj yeem hloov cov dej ntws raws li qhov lawv nyiam. Ib feem ntawm cov tub rog tau hla tus yeeb ncuab kev tawm tsam, peb Tyulenev cov tub rog tau teeb tsa ntawm cov nees thiab teeb tsa kev tawm tsam. Cov yeeb ncuab Thib 2 Infantry Division raug yuam kom rov qab mus rau sab qaum teb. Siv qhov kev ua tiav no, Pawg Cavalry 14th kuj tseem tawm tsam.
Lub caij no, nyob rau sab qab teb, Haller pab pawg tau tshem tawm ib feem ntawm 44th Infantry Division los ntawm Tyshovtsy thiab pib tsoo mus rau tom qab ntawm Cavalry. Ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm Stepnoy-Spizharny tau tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab thiab thawb cov tub rog Polish rov mus rau Tyshovtsy. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua no, tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog Stepnoy tau raug mob. Kev sib faib thib 6 thiab 11th tau mus txog Zamost, tab sis lawv ntes tsis tau nws. Zamosc tau tiv thaiv los ntawm Petliurites, chav nyob los ntawm pab pawg thib ob ntawm legionnaires thiab pawg thib 10 (kwv yees li 3, 5 txhiab tus tub rog), 3 lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv. Txawm hais tias muaj xov xwm hais txog kev swb hnyav ntawm Sab Hnub Poob, tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm pab tub rog thib 12, huab cua nyuaj thiab thaj av uas ua rau cov tub rog caij nees, tsis muaj mos txwv thiab khoom noj, thiab tseem ceeb tshaj, kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog, Cavalry hais kom txiav txim siab txuas ntxiv qhov kev tawm tsam thaum Lub Yim Hli 30.
Thaum Lub Yim Hli 30, Haller pawg tau tawm tsam, nias pawg thib 11 thiab nyob Komarov. Cov tub rog tau mus rau tom qab ntawm Cavalry. Kev tawm tsam ntawm Apanasenko's thib 6 faib rau Zamoć tsis ua tiav. Cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam rov qab tawv ncauj. Muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev sib cais ntawm qib 6 qib siab los ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm pab tub rog. Budyonny tau xaj kom thim qhov feem ntawm ntu 6 rov qab, nce lub hauv paus ntawm kab sab hnub tuaj ntawm kev sib hais haum thiab tsim kev sib txuas lus nrog ntu 4. Budyonny thiab Voroshilov txiav txim siab rov ua lawv cov rog thaum hmo ntuj, thiab tawm tsam pawg thib plaub thiab thib 6 kom kov yeej Haller pawg txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Lub sijhawm no, ntu 14 thiab 11 tau npog cov lus qhia los ntawm sab ntawm Grabovets thiab Zamoć.
Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Yim Hli 31, ua ntej ntawm Reds, Cov Tub Ceev Xwm tau tawm tsam. Los ntawm kev tawm tsam tawm tsam, Haller pawg thiab thib ob ntawm cov tub rog sib koom ua ke thiab ntes hla ntawm tus Dej Huchva ntawm Verbkowice. Lub cavalry thaum kawg xaus rau hauv "cauldron". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus yeeb ncuab txoj kev sib faib thib 10 tau tawm tsam los ntawm Zamoć. Thaum nruab hnub, Budennovites tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam, sab qaum teb, sab hnub poob thiab sab qab teb ntawm pab tub rog. Cov tub rog Polish los ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb tau sib koom ua ke rau qhov chaw ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Liab, nyob hauv Chesniki, Nevirkov thiab Kotlice.
Lub Cavalry poob rau hauv txoj kev dav 12-15 km ntawm ob pawg neeg Polish. Cov tub rog liab nyob hauv thaj chaw ntoo thiab hav dej, nyob rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm nag los nag, poob lub peev xwm los tswj. Cov tub rog tau ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tub rog thiab phom loj. Cov lus txib ntawm 1st Cavalry txiav txim siab thim rov qab. Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm lub Cuaj Hli 1, Budennovites tau mus rau qhov kev ua tiav ntawm kev coj ua ntawm Grubeshov. Hauv qhov chaw tos tsheb loj yog plaub pawg, sab laug ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug tau ua raws los ntawm ntu 6 yam tsis muaj ib pab tub rog thiab 14, thiab nyob rau tom qab - 11 pawg thiab 6 pawg tub rog. Cov tub rog tshwj xeeb tau nyob hauv qhov tshwj tseg. Budennovtsy tsoo hauv qhov tsis huv ntawm ob lub pas dej, ntes hla ntawm tus dej. Huchwa thiab tsoo dhau mus rau chav nyob ntawm cov tub rog thim rov qab 12. Tymoshenko qhov kev faib plaub tau pab rau kev faib phom ntev 44th thiab swb tus Tsov rog hauv cheeb tsam Grubieszow. Thaum pib lub Cuaj Hli, Cavalry tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Polish. Tom qab kev thim rov qab ntawm pab tub rog thib 12, Budyonny kev sib cais tau thim rov qab rau lub Cuaj Hlis 8 thoob plaws Kab Yeeb.
Yog li, qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Budyonny cov tub rog ntawm Zamoć tau dhau los ua haujlwm sib cais, yam tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa ntawm lwm pab tub rog, uas ua rau cov tub rog liab tuag mus tsis tau.
