Hauv thawj kab lus, peb tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tua hluav taws ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, BMPT "Terminator" hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm OODA voj voog (OODA - kev soj ntsuam, kev qhia, kev txiav txim siab, kev nqis tes ua) los ntawm John Boyd. Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tau tsim hauv kev tsim ntawm Terminator-1/2 tank txhawb kev sib ntaus lub tsheb (BMPT), tsis muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias nrog nws pab ua txoj haujlwm muab kev pab tua hluav taws rau tso tsheb hlau luam tawm tsam cov neeg muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai yuav daws tau zoo.
Qhov no feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias BMPT tau tshawb nrhiav thiab qhia kev siv riam phom piv rau cov siv niaj hnub tso tsheb hlau luam sib ntaus sib tua tseem ceeb (MBT), tsheb sib ntaus me me (BMP) thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tub rog (APC), raws li qhov BMPT yuav tsis muaj qhov zoo hauv kev paub txog xwm txheej ntawm cov neeg coob piv rau MBT cov neeg coob. Qhov thib ob, qhov nrawm ntawm lub hom phiaj BMPT riam phom ntawm tus yeeb ncuab lub zog tseem piv rau qhov nrawm ntawm lub hom phiaj riam phom ntawm lub tank lossis BMP, thiab qis dua qhov nrawm uas tus tub rog tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv riam phom tiv thaiv lub tank.
Puas yog nws tuaj yeem ua kom nce kev paub txog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab tus nqi ntawm kev siv riam phom? Txhawm rau pib nrog, txiav txim siab qhov nrawm ntawm phiaj xwm thiab siv riam phom, uas yog, theem "kev nqis tes ua" ntawm OODA voj voog.
Cov mos txwv ceev
Ammo ceev yog txwv. Thaum tua los ntawm lub tank lossis rab phom tsis siv neeg nrawm, thawj qhov nrawm ntawm lawv qhov projectile (750-1000 m / s) tseem ceeb tshaj qhov pib tshaj tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws (ATGM) lossis foob pob hluav taws, vim tom kawg siv sijhawm kom nrawm dua. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov kev tua ntau, ntau qhov projectile nrawm dua, thaum lub nkoj ceev ntawm ATGM (300-600 m / s) tuaj yeem tsis hloov pauv hauv dav dav. Ib qho kev zam tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej me me uas muaj rab phom loj, uas nws qhov nrawm (1500-1750 m / s) yog qhov siab dua li qhov nrawm ntawm lub foob pob tawg loj (HE), tab sis hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib ntaus ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv neeg ua haujlwm, qhov no tsis muaj teeb meem.
Hauv ib nrab-lub sijhawm, thiab tej zaum yuav nyob ze yav tom ntej, yuav ua rau muaj suab nrov zoo dua ATGMs, qee zaum nws los txog rau cov mos txwv nrawm dua, yav tom ntej hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob (tsheb nqaj hlau) phom tuaj yeem tshwm sim ("railgun" ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv yog qhov nyob deb yav tom ntej).
Txawm li cas los xij, kev nce ceev ntawm cov cuaj luaj thiab cov mos txwv tsis zoo li yuav hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej hauv kev sib cav ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov tsheb tiv thaiv yuav muaj rab phom hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog lub foob pob hluav taws xob ntau dua, thiab lub suab nrawm dua ATGMs tseem yuav tshwm rau cov tub rog. Tam sim no, feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias qhov nruab nrab dav hlau nrawm ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws thiab tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws / foob pob hluav taws sib piv tau sib piv, thiab qhov kom zoo dua ntawm ib hom riam phom tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm ntau yam kev siv tshwj xeeb hom riam phom, thiab feem ntau qhov xwm txheej no yuav nyob rau yav tom ntej.
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau theem "kev nqis tes ua", tsis yog tsuas yog txhaj nws tus kheej nkaus xwb, tab sis tseem yog txheej txheem ntawm lub hom phiaj siv riam phom ntawm lub hom phiaj ua ntej nws.
Hover ceev
Lub hom phiaj nrawm ntawm rab phom BMP-2 thiab lub turret hauv hom "semiautomatic" tsis tshaj 0.1 deg / s, qhov siab tshaj plaws lub hom phiaj nrawm yog 30 deg / s hauv lub dav hlau kab rov tav, thiab 35 deg / s hauv dav hlau ntsug. Kev hla mus los ntawm BMD-3 lub turret yog 28.6 deg / s, lub turret ntawm T-90 lub tank yog 40 deg / s. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv yees duab qhia tias kev nrawm ntawm lub turret ntawm T-14 lub tank ntawm Armata platform kuj tseem yog li 40-45 deg / s.
Yog li, raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej taw qhia thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tig ntawm riam phom ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus, nws tuaj yeem xav tias lub sijhawm ntawm theem ntawm kev tsom mus rau riam phom ntawm lub hom phiaj pom yav dhau los (nrog kev hloov pauv 180 degrees) yuav yog txog 4.5-6 vib nas this, thaum lub davhlau nrawm ntawm qhov projectile / ATGM / RPG tua ntawm thaj tsam li 1 km yuav yog li 1-3 vib nas this, uas yog, nrawm ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj riam phom nyob rau theem "nqis tes ua" ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntau dua li kev nrawm ntawm lub mos txwv (txawm hais tias qhov nrawm ntawm cov mos txwv yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig nce nrog kev nce hauv kev tua ntau) …
Puas yog nws tuaj yeem nce nrawm ntawm phiaj phom? Cov thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm muaj peev xwm ua qhov no. Piv txwv li, qhov nrawm ntawm kev txav ntawm cov axis ntawm cov neeg hlau tsim khoom niaj hnub tuaj yeem tshaj 200 deg / s, kom ntseeg tau tias kev rov ua dua ntawm kev txav yog 0.02-0.1 hli. Hauv qhov no, qhov ntev ntawm "caj npab" ntawm cov neeg hlau tsim khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag ob peb metres, thiab qhov hnyav yog ntau pua kilograms.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua kom zoo sib xws cov nyom turret thiab rab phom qhia tus nqi ntawm 125-152 hli lub tank vim lawv qhov hnyav thiab raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub sijhawm siab ntawm inertia, tab sis nce mus rau 180 deg / s ntawm qhov tig thiab riam phom qhia ntawm qhov tsis muaj neeg tswj chaw taws teeb tswj cov qauv (DUMV) nrog rab phom 30 hli tuaj yeem ua tau tiag tiag.
Cov cuab yeej siv phom nrawm nrog lub 30-mm tsis siv neeg lub cannon tuaj yeem teeb tsa ob qho tib si ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus sib tua me me (BMP) lossis lawv cov kev hloov kho hnyav (TBMP), thiab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog (APCs). Vim tias tam sim no hloov pauv mus rau qhov loj me ntawm DUMV nrog 30-mm tsis siv neeg cov phom loj, cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha rau ntawm MBT turret hloov ntawm 12.7 mm tshuab rab phom, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tawm tsam lub peev xwm txaus ntshai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua ke nrog cov foob pob hluav taws nrog lub foob pob hluav taws nyob deb ntawm txoj kev taug.
Qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv DUMV nrog kev qhia nrawm nrawm raws li 30-hli tsis siv neeg cov phom loj tuaj yeem dhau los ua lawv qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua cov phom loj (piv txwv li, DUMV raws li rab phom 57-hli), qhov ua tiav ntawm cov lus qhia ceev uas yuav txwv los ntawm qhov nce ntawm qhov hnyav thiab cov yam ntxwv loj. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, kev ua raws cov lus qhia kev kub ceev tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua uas tsis muaj neeg siv, vim muaj ntau dhau qhov tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm sib hloov.
Lasers tiv thaiv yeeb ncuab lub zog
Lwm txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev siv lub tank-cov neeg ua haujlwm phom sij tuaj yeem yog riam phom laser nrog lub zog ntawm 5-15 kW. Tam sim no, lasers ntawm lub zog no twb muaj lawm, tab sis lawv qhov ntev tseem loj heev. Nws tuaj yeem cia siab tias yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev nce ntawm lub zog ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua lasers, qhov ntev ntawm cov qauv uas tsis muaj zog yuav txo qis, uas yuav tso cai rau lawv tso rau hauv cov tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, ua ntej raws li cov khoom siv cais riam phom, thiab tom qab ntawd ua ib feem ntawm DUMV, nrog rau rab phom tsis siv neeg thiab / lossis rab phom tshuab …
Txhawm rau lav qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog lub laser, nws yuav tsim nyog los txhim kho cov lus qhia ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub cev niaj hnub tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem loj rau lub teeb nrig laser, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem qhia kom txiav lub hom phiaj hauv qhov chaw muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws - lub ntsej muag lossis caj dab, zoo ib yam li lub ntsej muag lees paub tshwm sim hauv cov koob yees duab digital niaj hnub no.
Ntawm no nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom pom qhov muag dig muag laser yog qhov tsis sib thooj raws li plaub txoj cai ntawm Geneva Cov Lus Cog Tseg ntawm "tib neeg" riam phom, tab sis ib tus yuav tsum nkag siab tias tsoo 5-15 kW laser nqaj mus rau qhov tsis tiv thaiv ntawm lub ntsej muag lossis caj dab yuav feem ntau yuav ua rau tuag. Nws nyuaj heev los tiv thaiv tus tub rog ntawm lub tshuab laser, yog tias tsuas yog zais nws hauv qhov kev kaw kaw nrog lub exoskeleton thiab lub kaus mom hlau nrog kev kho qhov muag cais, uas yog, thaum cov duab raug coj los ntawm cov koob yees duab thiab tso tawm ntawm lub qhov muag lossis pom rau hauv tus tub kawm ntawv. Cov thev naus laus zis zoo li no, txawm tias tau siv yav tom ntej, yuav muaj tus nqi siab, yog li ntawd lawv yuav muaj rau cov neeg ua tub rog tsawg ntawm cov tub rog ua thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb.
Yog li, nce kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv cov tsheb nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj zog nyob rau theem "kev nqis tes ua" tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv riam phom nrawm, thiab yav tom ntej, siv riam phom laser ua ib feem ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Lub peev xwm ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv kom coj lawv cov riam phom ntawm qhov nrawm tshaj plaws, nkag mus tsis tau rau tib neeg, yuav pab txhawb kev txo qis kev hem thawj los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab lub zog. Lub sijhawm "nqis tes ua", uas yog, txhawm rau siv riam phom ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab tua phom yog ua ntej los ntawm "kev soj ntsuam", "kev taw qhia" thiab "kev txiav txim siab" theem, kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej paub txog ntawm cov tub rog caij tsheb..
