Muaj pes tsawg zaus, thaum peb tau hais tias peb tau nyeem txog qee yam lossis qee yam hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, hauv kev teb peb hnov cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg - "Yog, txhua tus neeg dag nyob ntawd, hauv cov ntawv xov xwm no!" Ntawd yog, rau qee qhov laj thawj, ib tus neeg pib ua xyem xyav ntawm kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob ntawd. Qhov no txhais li cas? Zoo, ua ntej, tus neeg no nws tus kheej tau xav ntxias thiab, raws li, paub qhov no lwm tus tom qab nws tus kheej, pom nws hauv txhua tus neeg. Thiab qhov thib ob, tias nws muaj kev paub dhau los, qhov tseeb, nag hmo cov ntawv xov xwm tau sau ib yam, tab sis hnub no nws yog lwm qhov.
Thiab, txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias qhov xwm txheej no, ntawv xov xwm, suav nrog Pravda, tseem yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv "hais txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm yav dhau los." Nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm yuav tsum raug saib xyuas, tab sis ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov ntawv xov xwm luam tawm tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Nov yog qhov kev ua ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua qhov teeb meem ntawm Pravda ntawv xov xwm rau xyoo 1942 zoo li cas. Qhov hnyav "album" yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm lub laub!
Duab zoo heev. Peb tsis nyob ib leeg hauv kev tawm tsam Hitler, kev pab yuav los.
Thiab … pab tuaj! Kuj tseem muaj cov duab zoo thiab raug raws sijhawm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm # 327 sau hnub tim 25 lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1941, txawm hais tias lub tank Matilda nws tus kheej tsis pom ntawm nws. Los ntawm txoj kev, hais txog Matilda tso tsheb hlau luam, Penza ntawv xov xwm "Stalin's banner" xyoo 1941 tau sau tias: "… Hauv kab ntawv, cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm Captain Morozov cov chav sawv nrog lawv qhov zoo nkauj … Cov no yog cov tso tsheb hlau luam Askiv nrog lub zog diesel lub cav, ua haujlwm kom meej thiab ntsiag to … Los ntawm thawj thawj hnub kawm British tso tsheb hlau luam, peb cov tub rog tau ntseeg ntawm lawv lub peev xwm zoo. Lub tank ntau-tuj yog txawb heev. Nws muaj cov cuab yeej hlau, tswj tau yooj yim thiab muaj zog tua hluav taws los tua cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tub rog … Cov tub rog uas thauj cov tub rog Askiv tom qab hauv kab lus tau txaus siab heev. Lawv muaj riam phom zoo, lawv cov riam phom tuaj yeem tsoo lub hom phiaj huab cua thiab hauv av nrog kev ua tiav."
Leej twg nyob hauv daim duab no ntawm sab laug, zoo li no, tsis saib ntawm qhov kos npe, tsis yog txhua tus yuav hais. Nws yog nyob rau lub sijhawm no uas lawv tab tom yuav sau phau ntawv hais txog tus txiv neej no, muab khoom plig rau kev tiv thaiv Moscow, tso ib daim duab rau ntawm nplooj ntawv Pravda, puag ncig los ntawm cov neeg uas paub zoo rau peb txhua tus niaj hnub no. Tus no yog leej twg? Qhov no yog … yav tom ntej ntxeev siab General Vlasov. Txog tam sim no, ntawm cov phab ej …
Kuj ceeb tias, txawm tias tom qab ntawd hauv Pravda muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus "peb xav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis nws muab tawm … tsis phem heev". Nws tuaj yeem yog tus neeg sau phau ntawv xav ua kom txaus siab rau cov tub ceev xwm, thiab kev txiav txim ncaj qha los ntawm nws. Hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej (txawm hais tias peb yuav tsis paub nws tam sim no), peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis raug ntawm qhov tseeb, thiab tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig! Piv txwv li, peb tab tom saib kab lus "Lenin thiab Stalin - tus tsim thiab cov thawj coj ntawm Pravda" hauv qhov teeb meem ntawm Tsib Hlis 5, 1942, mob siab rau nws hnub tseem ceeb. Nws hais tias ntawv xov xwm tau tsim los ntawm kev coj ntawm Lenin, ntawm kev pib ntawm Stalin. Thiab ntawm no peb nyeem tias lub sijhawm ntawd Stalin raug ntiab tawm. Muaj tseeb, tom qab ntawd nws tau khiav tawm ntawm nws, thiab, thaum tuaj txog hauv St. Tab sis txhua qhov no tau siv sijhawm, uas yog, thaum Pravda pib, nws nyob deb ntawm nws, thiab xov tooj ntawm tes tsis muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Thiab nyob rau hnub 1 qhov teeb meem tawm tuaj, nws tau raug ntes dua thiab xa mus rau Narym Cheeb Tsam tau peb xyoos. Thiab thaum twg nws tau sau ntawv xov xwm ua ke nrog Lenin? Thiab yog tias qhov no ua rau kuv, yog li nws tsis tau pom los ntawm cov neeg uas tseem nco qab tias txhua yam tshwm sim tiag tiag nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd? Thiab tom qab tag nrho, lawv tau pom nws thiab, tej zaum, tau hais qee yam txog nws, txawm hais tias tsis yog txhua yam thiab tsis tas yuav nrov nrov.
Thiab ntawm no yog lo lus nug: vim li cas nws thiaj tsim nyog sau cov kab lus tsis meej, tom qab uas ntau dua lossis tsawg tus neeg xav tau muaj lus nug ntau dua li nws tau teb. Piv txwv li, raws li tus kws kho mob saib xyuas lub hauv paus ntawm lub xeev Soviet, Kuv yuav tsis tau plam qhov kab lus no. Tab sis … nws tau tawm los thiab, koj puas xav tias, nws puas ntxiv dag zog rau cov tib neeg hauv qee qhov kev xav, lossis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ua rau lub tswv yim no qee yam?
Peb nyeem tsab xov xwm los ntawm M. Sergeev, luam tawm hauv tib 1942, txog kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam muaj zog hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Txhua yam zoo li yuav zoo. Xws li tus phooj ywg muaj zog thiab nws txoj kev vam meej tau txhawb nqa. Tab sis … thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tshaib plab nyob qhov twg, hais txog leej twg tib yam Pravda tau sau cia ib xyoos dhau los, Negroes uas tau raug dai los ntawm kev quab yuam, cov neeg txom nyem ua liaj ua teb? Nrog qhov no li cas - nws puas tas? Lossis puas yog nws tsis yuam kom sau? Lub sijhawm no, nws yuav tsum tau sau txog qhov no, vim tias peb cov kev xav thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev lag luam tsis tau mus rau txhua qhov chaw, thiab tib neeg yuav tsum tau ceeb toom ib ntus tias "nws tsis zoo nyob ntawd", tias "peb yog yeeb ncuab," tab sis cov phooj ywg tsuas yog ib ntus xwb. Tom qab ntawd yuav tsis muaj qhov xav tau txhawm rau tawg cov duab liab qab ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, thiab, yog li ntawd, ua rau tsis ntseeg kev nyeem ntawv - nag hmo, lawv hais tias, yog li - hnub no nws yog …
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 21, 1942, Pravda tau muab tso rau thawj nplooj ntawv cov ntawv cog lus ntawm Tebchaws Askiv thiab USSR ntawm kev koom tes rau lub sijhawm 20 xyoo, uas yog, txog rau xyoo 1962. Xov xwm zoo rau xyoo 1942, puas yog? Dab tsi ploj lawm? Thiab ntawm no yog dab tsi - kab lus hais txog seb "British bourgeois" muaj lub siab zoo txaus kom nws mus txog qhov kawg! Vim tias tam sim ntawd tom qab ua tsov rog, ob qho no thiab tag nrho lwm cov kev cog lus nrog tebchaws Askiv thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas qhov tseeb, lossis txawm tias raug cai, tsis ua haujlwm thiab … tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem ntseeg tau! " thiab "Lawv phem npaum li cas!" Los ntawm txoj kev, tus neeg muaj suab npe George Orwell, uas tau coj tsab xov xwm hais txog Stalinism hauv USSR mus rau ib qho ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm Askiv, kuj tseem raug tsis lees paub, txhawb siab los ntawm qhov tseeb tias "tam sim no tsis yog lub sijhawm." "Tab sis koj yuav piav qhia li cas rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tom qab tsov rog vim li cas koj thiaj pib sau txog nws tam sim no, tab sis tsis tau sau ntawv?" - nws tau nug cov lus nug tsim nyog rau tus kws sau ntawv. "Thiab tom qab ntawd peb yuav xav tias yuav piav qhia li cas!" - teb tus editor. Yuav ua li cas yog tias nws luam tawm? Qhov no puas yuav cuam tshuam txog kev muaj peev xwm sib ntaus ntawm Red Army thiab Lend-Lease deliveryies? Tsis yog, tsuas yog tib neeg yuav tsis ua rau lawv tus kheej - "phooj ywg yog phooj ywg, thiab haus luam yeeb sib nrug!"
Cov ntawv xov xwm "phem heev" uas koj yuav tsum xav txog txhua lo lus hauv nws, vim tias cov ntawv dub luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv dawb tsis tuaj yeem txiav tawm nrog rab taus - qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv! Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus yuav tsum xav tsis muaj tsawg dua txog cov duab tso rau hauv. Lwm tus tsuas yog ua vaj tswv rau cov neeg soj xyuas. Nov yog daim duab hauv cov ntawv xov xwm sau hnub tim 7 Tsib Hlis 1942, nplooj 1: peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov tub rog tsaws tsag ntawm lawv cov cuab yeej ua rog tau tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab. Tab sis saib lub log. Tsis muaj roj hmab rau lawv! Thiab qhov no, raws li koj paub, ua rau lawv cov yam ntxwv ua tau tsis zoo. Ntxiv mus, hauv daim duab T-34 hauv ntawv xov xwm rau xyoo 41, lub log tau nrog cov roj hmab, tab sis ntawm no, zoo li koj tuaj yeem pom, nws tsis yog. Nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias cov neeg German nyob rau pem hauv ntej twb paub lawm tias peb tsis muaj roj hmab ntau heev, thiab lub suab nrov los ntawm peb lub tso tsheb hlau luam tuaj yeem hnov ntau mais, uas yog qhov "ntsiag to" German "Sturmgeshütze" ntawm T-III puag siv. Tab sis … vim li cas thiaj lees paub daim duab no hauv ntawv xov xwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Hauv Nroog ntawm All-Union Communist Party ntawm Bolsheviks? Zoo, lawv yuav tau tshem cov tso tsheb hlau luam no kaw, yog li ntawd sib nrug los ntawm tus pej thuam thiab cov neeg, tsis muaj ib yam twg tuaj yeem pom! Thiab yog tias kuv yog tus kws tshaj lij hais lus German-agitator, kuv yuav luam daim duab no tam sim ntawd hauv txhua daim ntawv xov xwm German thiab sau tias cov neeg Lavxias tsis siv roj hmab, tias lawv cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsis zoo txhua hnub, thiab peb yeej nyob ze! Thiab tam sim no - saib "pov thawj ncaj qha txog qhov no!"
Hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, qhov ntau zaus ntawm cov duab ntawm cov riam phom tib yam hauv daim duab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Piv txwv li, hauv ntawv xov xwm Pravda xyoo 1941 peb pom cov tub rog ntawm Pab Tub Rog liab tau siv phom PPM, phom SVT thiab AVS, thiab tsuas yog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo lawv tau hloov los ntawm PPSh thiab "peb kab". Hauv 42 xyoo ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, tsuas muaj ib daim duab ntawm SVT, tab sis txij li ib nrab xyoo ntawm xyoo, PCA tau hloov pauv PPD tag, thiab muaj ntau ntawm lawv hauv cov duab.
Daim duab no (Tsis yog 10, Lub Ib Hlis 10, 1942) tsuas yog tsis nyob hauv cov ntawv xov xwm! Tom qab tag nrho, ntawm nws koj pom PPD -34/38 - qhov piv txwv tsis tshua muaj thiab … ua li cas, piv txwv li, kuv puas yuav siv daim duab no, yog tias kuv yog tus neeg tshaj tawm German? Thiab ntawm no yog li cas: "Koj pom tias cov neeg Lavxias tau tshem riam phom zaum kawg los ntawm lawv cov chaw khaws khoom, 1934 cov phom siv submachine tau siv. Kev lag luam hauv Soviet poob qis! Peb yeej yeej ze lawm!"
Tab sis cov qiv qiv qiv tau pib ua rau lawv cov neeg raug mob, thiab cov log tsheb tau tshwm sim ntawm lub log pem hauv ntej ntawm T-34, uas Pravda tau tshaj tawm tam sim ntawd thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2, 1942!
Amazing, tsis yog nws? Thiab qhov no txawm tias qhov tseeb hais tias thaum lub xyoo tag nrho xyoo 41 peb cov nkoj sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsis qhia npe, thiab cov kws tsav dav hlau tsis qhia npe lub dav hlau. Cov dav hlau muaj lub npe "foob pob", "hawk", zoo li yog lawv lub npe muaj cov tub rog zais zais txaus ntshai. Peb yuav tsum txaus siab rau peb cov thev naus laus zis, qhia tib neeg txog qhov piv txwv ntawm cov qauv zoo ntawm peb cov riam phom, thiab yam peb tau hloov pauv yog qhov tsis qhia npe, tab sis peb tuaj yeem txaus siab qhov tseeb tias nws tsis muaj npe li cas?
Nws tsuas yog nyob rau No. 309 ntawm Kaum Ib Hlis 5 uas cov npe ntawm Soviet T-34 thiab KV tso tsheb hlau luam tau tshwm sim hauv Pravda, thiab tsab xov xwm tau sau los ntawm Zh. Ya. Kotin! Lawv tau sau txog tso tsheb hlau luam ua ntej ntawd, txawm tias yog vim li cas tus lej ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tau muab rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, tab sis … yam tsis muaj npe! Qhov tseeb, KV nws tus kheej tau muaj npe ua ntej tshaj li T-34. Thaum ntxov li Lub Xya Hli 8 ntawm tib lub xyoo, hauv kab lus "Kev tawm tsam rau KV", tus sau uas yog S. Makhonin, tus thawj coj ntawm Kirov cog.
Ntawm no nws yog, daim duab nto moo ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm KV tso tsheb hlau luam. Tab sis hauv qab nws tsis hais tias qhov no yog KV! Tsis pub leej twg paub!
Thiab qhov no yog thawj daim duab, hauv qab uas nws tau sau tias nws qhia txog kev sib dhos ntawm Yak lub dav hlau! ("Pravda", Lub Rau Hli 8, 1942, No. 159. P.3)
Txawm li cas los xij, txhua qhov kev paub tsis meej ntawm 40s (tom qab tag nrho, kev ua tsov ua rog!) Tom qab ntawd, uas yog txij xyoo 1980 txog 1991, Kuv tau tuav cov phiaj xwm TV rau menyuam yaus hauv Penza TV ntawm menyuam yaus cov txuj ci txuj ci ("Let's Make Toys", "Studio of Young Technicians", "The Stars Are Calling", "To Children-Inventors"), thiab tom qab txhua tsab ntawv thib ob xa mus rau tus kws kho mob, Kuv tau raug hu mus rau Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Xeev Xeev hauv Xov Xwm! "Koj tau sau nws ntawm no," tus poj niam hauv tsom iav nug kuv, tshee nrog qhov tuab tuab uas peb tau muaj lub tank T-34/85. Koj tau txais qhov no los ntawm qhov twg? Nov yog cov ntaub ntawv zais cia!"
Ib tsab xov xwm hais txog cov neeg tshawb nrhiav ncov qaumteb uas yuav KV tso tsheb hlau luam rau pem hauv ntej. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov ntawv zoo li no tau tshwm sim hauv Pravda ntau zaus, tab sis cov duab rau lawv tsis tau tshaj tawm tas li, tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig!
Paub tias kuv tab tom cuam tshuam nrog leej twg, kuv tau ua ntej tshaj plaws ntawm cov menyuam yaus phau ntawv xov xwm "Young Technician" thiab qhia tus poj niam ceev faj: "Nov yog qhov uas nws los ntawm!" Nws cia li hnia cov ntawv xov xwm no, saib txhua qhov nws tso tawm thiab xav tsis thoob: "Zoo, wow, tab sis hauv kuv phau ntawv nws tau sau tias qhov no yog tub rog zais cia!" "Thiab nws yog xyoo twg, cia kuv pom?" "Nws tsis yooj yim sua, qhov no kuj yog qhov zais cia!" Nov yog qhov kuv ua haujlwm ntawd, thiab tsis muaj ib rooj plaub, tsis yog ib leeg, thaum kuv tsis tuaj yeem lees paub kuv cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev qhib xovxwm, cov ntawv xov xwm "Yuny Tekhnik", "Tekhnika Molodoi" thiab "Modelist- Tus Kws Tsim Kho ", tab sis kuv tsis quav ntsej lawv tau raug hu mus rau ntawd txhua lub sijhawm lawv tau ntsib cov ntawv sau ua tub rog. Ib zaug kuv tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam thiab nug yuav ua li cas thiaj tuaj yeem khaws cov neeg ruam uas tsis paub ntawv nyob hauv txoj haujlwm no? Huag dab tsi tshwm sim! Kuv tau raug caw tuaj rau tus thawj, thiab nws tau hais lus zoo rau kuv tias cov neeg soj xyuas tsis tsaug zog! "Tom qab ntawd txhua tus kws kho cov ntawv no yuav tsum raug kaw!" "Tab sis peb nyob hauv Penza! - tus thawj coj tsa nws lub xub pwg nyom, - peb yuav tsum ua haujlwm raws li cov lus qhia qub! " Ntawm no thiab sib cais! Yog li ib tus tuaj yeem xav txog lub hauv paus ntawm dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas "pawg neeg" ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm ua rog nyob deb ntawd!
Thiab, thaum kawg, saib xyuas kev txaus siab ntawm lub tebchaws, Kuv yuav tsis muab cov duab ntawm cov phom German tus kheej tua hauv cov ntawv xov xwm. Lawv yog unremarkable heev! Lawv tseem zoo li tsis raug cai, tab sis xyoo 1942 lawv tsis zoo li yog. Tab sis cov neeg German tau tawm tsam lawv thiab mus txog Caucasus! Ntawm qhov quav dev, Vajtswv zam txim rau kuv! Nws yuav tsum tau muab rab phom nrog lub peev xwm loj dua hauv daim duab ntawm cov khoom plig, thiab lub thoob rau cov neeg saib. Thiab pom tau, thiab txaus ntshai, thiab zoo siab, thiab kev txaus siab npog! Nws tau raug sim rau cov tub ntxhais hluas niaj hnub no!
Txhua leej txhua tus nyiam daim duab no nrog rab phom phom ntau ntxiv!
Yog li nws pom tseeb tias kev tshaj tawm cov ntawv xov xwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tau tshaj tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua rog, xav tau ntau yam txuj ci thiab kev tshaj lij tshaj lij. Thiab nrog qhov ntawd, thiab nrog rau lwm qhov hauv "Pravda" tsis phem, yog, tab sis txhua qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua, puas yog? Ua tau zoo dua ntawm tus nqi tib yam!
Ib daim duab zoo heev, thiab yuav tsum muaj ntau ntawm lawv?
