Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk

Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk
Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk

Video: Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk

Video: Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk
Video: HAUS NPIAS CIAJ NOM CIAJ TSWV MANA XIONG NEW MV 2021 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Tej zaum, ntau tus tseem nco tau daim duab los ntawm phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab rau qib 6 ntawm lub tsev kawm qib siab Soviet, qhov uas tus tub rog lub tsev fuabtais tau piav qhia sawv ntawm lub pob tsuas siab nrog qhov nqes hav. Tau kawg, tsis yog txhua lub tsev fuabtais sawv ntawm cov pob zeb zoo li no, tab sis qhov no tsis yog qee yam tshwj xeeb. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, hauv tib lub tebchaws Czech muaj ntau lub tsev fuabtais nyob saum cov pob zeb. Ntxiv rau lub tsev fuabtais Cesky Krumlov, tseem muaj lub tsev fuabtais Cesky Sternberk - kuj yog lub zog muaj zog heev nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Czech koom pheej, ze ntawm Sazava River nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm pob tsuas. Lub tsev fuabtais tau rov nthuav dua ib puag ncig ntawm lub pob zeb no, yog li qhov nws tus kheej tau saib xyuas ua qhov yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, zoo, yam xwm txheej tau hnov qab, tib neeg kho nrog lawv lub siab thiab ua siab ntev.

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Cesky Sternberk Tsev fuabtais.

Muaj ib qho xwm txheej ntxiv uas txawv lub tsev fuabtais no los ntawm lwm tus. Lawv nyob hauv nws. Thiab tsis yog leej twg, tab sis niaj hnub thiab vam meej cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm tsev neeg Sternberg thaum ub. Thiab qhov no yog nws tus kheej. Tsis muaj ntau lub tsev fuabtais qub nyob hauv ntiaj teb, nyob hauv cov phab ntsa uas tib tsev neeg nyob, pib nrog nws tus tsim - Zdeslav Divisovc. Ntxiv mus, rau Sternberk tsev neeg, qhov no yog ob lub tsev thiab qhov chaw ntawm lawv lub neej. Kev ncig ua si tau them nyiaj nyob ib puag ncig lub tsev fuabtais, thiab thaj chaw tau xaum tawm rau kab tshoob kev kos thiab kev sib tham tshawb fawb!

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Cesky Sternberk Tsev fuabtais. Koj tuaj yeem caij nkoj hla tus dej …

Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias Cesky Sternberk tau tsim xyoo 1241, uas yog, xyoo ntawm kev swb ntawm pab tub rog Polish-German hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Mongols ntawm Legnica. Tom qab ntawd nws tau teeb tsa ntawm qhov chaw no los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Zdeslav Divishovets, thiab nws lub npe yog "Pearl of Posazava". Tom qab ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Divišov, ua raws li tus piv txwv ntawm ntau tus Czech aristocrats, txiav txim siab hloov lawv lub xeem lub npe mus rau German style. Lawv lub cim yog daim ntaub thaiv xiav nrog cov duab ntawm lub toj siab nrog lub hnub qub kub, uas ua rau lawv muaj laj thawj hu ua Sternberks, vim tias lub hnub qub hauv German txhais tau tias "siab", thiab toj siab txhais tau tias "berg". Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab yog qhov tsim nyog: "Peb yuav tsis tawm mus li!" Yog li nws tsis xav tsis thoob tias qhov no yog ib tsev neeg qub tshaj plaws ntawm Czech koom pheej, zoo li lawv lub tsev fuabtais nws tus kheej, uas yog xya thiab ib nrab ib puas xyoo! Lub tsev fuabtais tau xub tsim ua hauv Gothic style, tsis deb ntawm lub nroog Benesov. Ntxiv mus, thaum dej nyab los lossis muaj nag los hnyav, cov dej hauv tus dej tau nce siab heev uas nws mus txog lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, uas tsuas yog ntxiv rau qhov nws nkag tsis tau.

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Sab Qab Teb Bastion

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov tsev fuabtais thiab cov fortresses uas nkag tsis tau, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tau ua pov thawj los ntawm tus piv txwv ntawm tib lub tsev fuabtais thaum lub sijhawm Hussite kev tsov kev rog. Tom qab ntawd Pan Zdenek Konopištzki los ntawm Sternberk, uas yog tus tswv, yog tus yeeb ncuab ntawm King Jiří ntawm Podebrady thiab tawm tsam nws. Txog qhov no, nws lub tsev fuabtais raug kaw los ntawm cov tub rog muaj koob muaj npe thiab tau plundered hauv 1467. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1480, kom qhov xwm txheej zoo li no yuav tsis tshwm sim yav tom ntej, nws cov tswv tshiab tau ua lub tsev siab dua tshiab ntawm qhov rooj nkag mus. Qhov no ntxiv dag zog rau lub tsev fuabtais los ntawm cov tub rog, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws qhov kev puas tsuaj. Nws yuav tsum tau kho dua, thiab txij li kev hloov kho vajtse hloov pauv, zoo li lwm yam, lub tsev zoo nkauj tau tshwm sim hauv lub tsev fuabtais hauv 1693, thiab xyoo 1886 tus kws tsim vaj tsev los ntawm Vienna K. Kaiser ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nyiam rau nws.

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Sternberk Castle los ntawm Karl Wolff 1817

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Tsev neeg lub cim

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lub tiaj ua si zoo nkauj tau nteg ncig lub tsev fuabtais hauv 1907 tsuas yog ob peb xyoos. Thiab txawm hais tias thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob nws tseem raug puas tsuaj me ntsis, lawv tau tswj kom rov kho nws sai thiab qhib rau cov pej xeem thaum ntxov li xyoo 1947. Txhua xyoo thaum lub tebchaws Czech yog Czechoslovakia, lub tsev fuabtais yog lub xeev. Tab sis xyoo 1992 nws tau rov qab los rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Sternberk. Nws yog qhov tsawg heev uas tsoomfwv Czech tau xa cov khoom vaj khoom tsev mus rau nws tus tswv qub uas raug cai. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum, tom qab "velvet Revolution" ntawm 1990s, txoj cai lij choj ntawm kev tsis lees paub tau lees paub hauv Czech koom pheej, cov lus tau muab tso rau hauv nws tias nws tuaj yeem ua tau, yog, tab sis … tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej uas yav dhau los cov tswv ntawm cov cuab yeej no tsis koom tes nrog cov neeg German -fascist invaders. Ib qho kev piav qhia tseem ceeb, tsis yog? Vim tias muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm cov neeg muaj nyiaj. Tab sis Tub Vaj Ntxwv Sternberg tsis lees txais qhov kev koom tes nrog cov neeg German. Ntxiv mus, ntau qhov chaw hais tias nws "tso tus ntaiv ntawm Gestapo tus tub ceev xwm uas tuaj rau nws lub tsev fuabtais," thiab nws tau muab nws cov tub qhe thiab mus nrog lawv mus rau saum roob, qhov uas nws tawm tsam rau txhua xyoo ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws yog thaum Czech koom pheej tau tso tawm los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet, tus tub huabtais raug kaw - zoo, tus tub huabtais, ib tus neeg txawv tebchaws uas nyob sib ze, "kev thaj yeeb rau lub tsev pheeb suab - ua tsov rog rau lub tsev!"

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Cov bastions thiab cov tsev ntawm lub tsev fuabtais yog qhov txaus siab!

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Saib ntawm lub tsev fuabtais mus rau tus dej.

Raws li kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, nyob rau sab qab teb nws muaj lub bastion ntawm Gladomorn, yos rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm Gothic lig. Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 14th los ntawm Peter Golitski Sternberk, tab sis nws tsis tswj kom ua tiav, yog li Jan Sternberk, nws tus tub, muaj txoj hauv kev los ua kom tiav. Tom qab lub tsev fuabtais raug coj mus rau xyoo 1467, lawv txiav txim siab ntxiv dag zog rau sab qab teb ntawm nws nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov qauv ntxiv. Lawv tau txhim tsa tus pej thuam uas muaj cov kauv ntaiv sab hauv. Ntau qhov tau ua hauv phab ntsa dhau los uas koj tuaj yeem tua tau. Yog li nws tsis yooj yim rau nws. Ib qho chaw thav duab zoo li nees tau raug nchuav ncig lub bastion, tab sis qee lub sij hawm nws tsis tau khaws cia zoo. Tab sis txhua yam no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm sab nraud. Tab sis dab tsi ua phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev fuabtais zais sab hauv? Auj, nws yog heev, nthuav heev muaj!

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Sab hauv ntawm "Knight's Hall"

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Qhov cub thiab cov duab ntawm "Knight's Hall"

Muaj ntau li kaum tsib lub tsev thiab chav zoo nkauj qhib rau tuaj xyuas. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov neeg ncig tebchaws pom lawv tus kheej hauv "Knights 'Hall" loj (qhov dav tshaj plaws hauv lub tsev fuabtais), qhov twg cov duab loj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg, hnav khaub ncaws hnav los ntawm Peb caug Xyoo Tsov Rog, dai ntawm phab ntsa, txhua tus muaj nws lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab. Lub tsev dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub qhov cub thiab qhov loj, hnyav 300 kg, Bohemian iav chandeliers. Tom qab ntawd txoj hauv kev mus rau Chapel ntawm St. Sebastian thiab mus rau Yellow Salon, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov frescoes los ntawm Baroque era, thiab koj tseem tuaj yeem zaum ntawm rooj tog los ntawm lub sijhawm Louis XIV. Ntxiv mus - Ladies 'salon thiab lub tsev qiv ntawv loj, uas muaj ob peb txhiab qee zaum muaj cov phau ntawv tshwj xeeb, thiab cov phab ntsa tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws kos duab Czech Petr Jan Bradl. Qhov no tau ua raws los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Chav Noj Mov, qhov twg muaj kev sau ntawm tsev neeg cov duab ntawm tsev neeg Sternberk, nrog rau cov khoom siv nyiaj uas yog tsev neeg (nco ntsoov yuav luag txhua Dickens cov dab neeg tshiab cov tub qhe txhuam tsev neeg cov nyiaj?!).

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Txee nrog tsev neeg tsob ntoo los ntawm tam sim no mus rau yav dhau los.

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Tua salon.

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Tua tsiaj trophies.

Tom ntej yog Oriental-style chaw tos txais thiab chav noj tshais, uas qhia txog kev sau cov nyiaj npib. Tsob ntoo ntawm tsev neeg ntawm tsev neeg Sternberk yog nyob hauv chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Jiri Sternberk. Rau rau tiam ntawm Sternberk tsev neeg tuaj yeem taug los ntawm nws ntawm 63 daim duab duab. Sociologists ntseeg tias ib puas xyoo yog lub neej ntawm peb tiam neeg. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj cov duab ntawm tib neeg ob puas xyoo dhau los, tab sis txij li lub neej kev cia siab yog ntxov dua hnub no (txawm tias yog cov neeg siab dawb!), Tom qab ntawd lub sijhawm no nyob hauv 2, 5 ib puas xyoo, tsis muaj tsawg! Plaub chav tom ntej tau dai kom zoo nkauj hauv ntau yam - los ntawm Rococo mus rau Baroque. Lub tsev tom ntej yuav tsis tso cov txiv neej tsis pom zoo, vim tias cov khoom plig uas tau txais thaum lub sijhawm Sternberk yos hav zoov tau muab tso rau ntawm no. Kev ncig xyuas ntawm lub tsev fuabtais xaus rau ntawm tus ntaiv loj, qhov chaw sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm Philip Sternberk dai, uas yog, cov neeg hauv tsev neeg muaj ntau yam txuj ci.

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Chapel.

Kev sau muaj rau saib, tau kawg yog ib qho lus tsis txaus ntseeg, vim tias qhov no yog kev mus ncig, muaj ntau ntau hauv lub tsev fuabtais, tab sis qhov tshwj xeeb muaj txiaj ntsig yog sau los ntawm 545 (!) Cov ntawv tooj liab muab rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm Peb caug Xyoo Tsov Rog tshwm sim rau lawv. raws li txoj kev npaj ntawm Jiri Sternberk. Muaj qhov tshwj xeeb Gothic pob zeb pej thuam - tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm rov qab los rau xyoo pua 14th hauv lub tsev teev ntuj. Feem ntau, lub tsev fuabtais tsuas yog dhau los nrog txhua yam riam phom qub, rooj tog zaum zoo nkauj, cov xim iav iav qhov muag, cov duab qub thiab cov duab pleev xim los ntawm Italian thiab Dutch masters ntawm 17th - 18th caug xyoo. Ntuj tawv wallpaper zoo heev, zoo ib yam li cov ntawv ntsa hauv Gluboka tsev fuabtais. Muaj cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov kav luam yeeb, txawm hais tias Philip Sternberk, uas sau lawv, tsis haus luam yeeb nws tus kheej!

Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk
Tsev neeg tsev fuabtais: Cesky Sternberk

"Sab Hnub Tuaj Txee"

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Poj niam salon.

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Sab hauv txias aisle

Nws yog qhov tseeb tias txhua lub tsev fuabtais saib tus kheej yuav tsum muaj nws tus kheej dab, lossis nws tus kheej cov dab neeg. Txog dab nyob hauv lub tsev fuabtais, qee yam tsis pom zoo, pom tseeb, tsis muaj ib tus tswv twg tua lawv tus poj niam lossis ua rau lawv raug mob rau hauv phab ntsa, tab sis lub tsev fuabtais Sternberk muaj cov lus dab neeg. Raws li nws, ib ntawm cov suav, tau ua tiav muag ib qho ntawm nws cov tsev fuabtais, tau txais hmoov zoo rau nws - ib puas txhiab tus thalers hauv kub. Thiab yog li nws tau coj ib feem ntawm cov kub nrog nws ntawm txoj kev taug, thiab txiav txim siab tso qee yam ntawm nws hauv lub tsev fuabtais, raws li kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus tub qhe ncaj ncees Ginek, uas tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj. Qhov ncaj ncees, tau kawg, qhov zoo yog qhov zoo, tab sis yog li ntawd Ginek txom nyem tau txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus huab tais tus kub (los ntawm txoj kev, leej twg yuav tsis txhawj xeeb?), Tias nws poob kev thaj yeeb thiab pw tsaug zog, thiab tsis tuaj yeem xav txog dab tsi zoo dua yuav ua li cas nkaum qhov kub hauv roob. Thiab nws tau zais nws "hauv ib hmo tsaus ntuj txias!" Thiab tom qab ntawd tsis ntev tom qab ntawd nws coj nws, thiab ntog nws tus nees thiab raug tua tuag. Ntau heev uas kuv hais tsis tau lus. Nov yog yam uas Vajtswv tau npaj rau nws thaum muaj xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev. Lawv coj nws mus rau lub tsev fuabtais, pib nyeem cov ntawv pov tseg, thiab nws tau sim ua kom pom tus neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov lus taw tes (tsis muaj leej twg paub dua) qhov uas nws zais cov khoom muaj nqis, tab sis tsuas yog tus neeg ua haujlwm nkag siab nws li ntawd.

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Tsev qiv ntawv

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Tsev qiv ntawv (txuas ntxiv)

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Lub npe hu ua "Zloty Salon" zoo siab nrog nws qab nthab!

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Salon rooj tog.

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Thiab qhov no yog lub rhaub dej kub. Ntawd yog, lub qhov hluav taws kub nws tus kheej yog "qhov chaw nyob ntawd," thiab tsuas yog cua sov tau muab rau lub cuab yeej no.

Tus tub huabtais rov qab los - tab sis tsis muaj nyiaj! Twb tau nws tu siab, tu siab, cov tub qhe thiab nug, thiab hem lawv, kom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm tau muab ua ncaj ncees. Nws tuaj rau tus tub huabtais thiab lees txim tias nws yog vim nws txoj kev ruam uas nws tsis nkag siab tias Hynek tuag xav tau dab tsi los ntawm nws. Tab sis tus tub huabtais tsis rau txim rau tus neeg ua haujlwm, tab sis pib nrhiav cov khoom muaj nqis, vim nws muaj neeg txaus. Lawv txawm khawb thaj tsam ib puag ncig, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem tseb rau ntawm lawv - tsuas muaj qhov nyob ib puag ncig, tab sis cov khoom muaj nqis yeej tsis pom. Thiab nws yog qhov ua tau zoo uas nyob nruab nrab Sternberk kub qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Cesky Sternberk tseem dag, tsis ntev los sis tom qab ib tus neeg yuav pom nws!

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Chav noj mov loj

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Muaj ntau ntau yam riam phom hauv lub tsev fuabtais.

Zoo, thiab yog tias koj mus rau Sternberk - los ntawm txoj kev, mus rau qhov nyuaj heev, txawm hais tias nws nyob tsuas yog 50 km ntawm Prague. Muaj tsawg lub tsheb npav ncaj qha thiab lawv mus "nrog txhua qhov nres", yog li nws siv sijhawm ntau dua ob teev los ua qhov no, thiab qhov no yog thaum "nyob ntawd" suav txhua feeb. Koj yuav tsum tau mus los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau nrog kev hloov pauv - uas yog, txhua yam no tseem yog qhov mob taub hau. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov uas muaj daim ntawv tso cai tsheb thoob ntiaj teb xauj tsheb thiab mus siv tus neeg tsav nkoj, tom qab ntawd nws tsuas yog 40 feeb. Txawm hais tias nws yog tus kim tshaj plaws. Ib zaug ntxiv, lub tsev fuabtais xav tau pab pawg tsawg kawg 10 tus neeg. Tsawg dua - tab sis kuv tsis xav tos, txhua qhov tam sim no ntxiv rau qhov uas ploj lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias kev mus ncig tau ua ntau yam lus (tseem muaj Lavxias, kaw rau hauv daim kab xev kaw), nws tus nqi qis heev thiab thaj tsam li 4 txog 7 euros. Tab sis nws luv heev - tsuas yog ib teev xwb! Tab sis … yam koj tuaj yeem pom hauv lub tsev fuabtais no txhiv txhua yam teeb meem thiab kev siv nyiaj no.

Pom zoo: