Feem ntau, txawm tias yog rab phom niaj hnub no nrog cov ntawv xov xwm tig hauv Asmeskas Cov Tub Rog tsis mus. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias cov ntawv xov xwm nruas tsis tau siv dua hauv Asmeskas riam phom dua. Tsis yog, muaj lwm rab phom, thiab ib qho txawv txawv, uas muaj cov ntawv xov xwm, thiab ntxiv rau, nws kuj tseem siv tau! Thiab nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv defiance ntawm nto moo "lav" los ntawm qee yam Melvin Maynard Johnson hauv xyoo 1938 thiab tam sim ntawd xa nws mus rau Asmeskas Tub Rog rau kev sim.
Melvin Johnson M1941 phom loj.
Ntawd yog, nws tau pom meej tias nws tau tsim nws thiab ua nws ntau dhau los, uas yog lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1937, thiab tau qhia nws hauv lub caij ntuj sov camp ntawm Asmeskas tub rog tub rog. Ntawm cov uas raug rho tawm ntawm nws yog Merritt Edson (uas tom qab dhau los ua tus loj), uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws txoj hmoo.
Thaum pib xyoo 1938, Johnson twb muaj peb daim ntawv npaj ua tiav uas siv hloov kho BAR phom loj cov ntawv xov xwm. Johnson hu cov qauv no "phom pub ntsug". Lawv cov ntoo tau ua los ntawm cov ntoo zoo nkauj thiab zoo saib heev. Nws yog nws uas tau muab lawv xa mus rau Aberdeen Proving Grounds rau kev sim.
Rau cov neeg uas txaus siab rau lub ncauj lus no, peb tuaj yeem pom zoo phau ntawv no.
Cov kev xeem tau muab cov txiaj ntsig, ib txwm muaj, lawv muaj qee yam zoo thiab qee yam tsis zoo. Cov phom tau raug kuaj los ntawm cov tub rog tub rog nrog rau kev them nyiaj ntxiv, uas tom qab 4000 puag ncig ua rau lawv puas tsuaj. Lub Tuam Tsev Thaj Tsam tau tshaj tawm 86 qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab qeeb, uas Johnson tau sim tawm tsam, taw qhia txog kev puas tsuaj los ntawm mos txwv tsis zoo. Tab sis nws yog qhov zoo uas tom qab cov kev sim no nws tsuas yog muab nws cov ntawv xov xwm tig rau ntawm rab phom. Qhov laj thawj yog vim nws tau hnov ib tus tub ceev xwm yws yws txog Garand phau ntawv xov xwm rab phom, uas tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua los ntawm kev ntxig cov cartridges rau nws ib zaug. Nws hais tias, "Zoo npaum li cas," yog Krag qub, vim tias nws tuaj yeem rov qab tau txhua lub sijhawm los ntawm kev qhib lub qhov rooj khw thiab sau nws xwb.
Qhov nws hnov ua rau Melvin Johnson xav. Nws ntseeg tias nws tau kos duab kos duab ntawm nws lub khw muag khoom nyob ntawd hauv lub bar uas siv daim ntaub so ntswg cocktail.
Los ntawm nws tus kheej, tsis muaj dab tsi txawv txav txog cov ntawv xov xwm tig. Tab sis nws tau dhau los ua qhov txawv rau Johnson. Qhov tseeb yog tias nws tseem raug them los ntawm daim vis dis aus, tab sis nws tsuas yog tso tsis tau los ntawm saum toj no, los ntawm qhov qhib qhov rooj, tab sis los ntawm sab, mus rau sab xis. Hauv qhov no, qhov clip nws tus kheej tau teeb tsa kab rov tav, thiab cov cartridges tau nias sab hauv, zoo li ib txwm, nrog tus ntiv tes. Txawm li cas los xij, lub qhov nkag rau hauv daim cartridges tau kaw nrog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tshwj xeeb uas tau npog, uas tau khoov hauv lub tshuab rab phom. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm thauj cov cartridges ib zaug, nias lawv tawm tsam lub hau ntim lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav no, uas ua haujlwm zoo li lub nrov plig plawg thiab, kaw, tsis tso cov cartridges rov qab! Feem ntau cov ntawv xov xwm tau ntim siv cov qauv txheem rau M1903 phom ntev, thaum sab hauv nws tuaj yeem thauj tau tsib lossis kaum zaug, uas yog ob zaug ntxiv dua li rab phom Garand M1.
Phom phom "Garand" M1. (Tsev khaws puav pheej Army, Stockholm)
Aberdeen tau sim "phom pub ntsug" thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1938, thiab rov sim nws nrog cov ntawv xov xwm tsis raug, txawm hais tias Johnson tau sau tias cov ntawv xov xwm txaus txaus tau xa nrog rab phom kom muaj ntau yam xaiv los ntawm.
Tab sis nws tsis plam lub plawv, thiab xaj 14 rab phom tshiab rau kev sim tshiab - xya nrog cov ntawv tshem tawm tau thiab xya nrog rau qhov tshiab ua hauv. Nws nthuav tawm nws rab phom rau txhua tus neeg uas txaus siab saib, feem ntau yog rau Tub Rog Tub Ceev Xwm cov tub ceev xwm, vim tias feem ntau ntawm nws cov neeg paub yog Marines. Lub sijhawm no F. C yog CTO ntawm American Rifleman. Ness, leej twg luam tawm cov ntawv xeem ntawm rab phom tshiab hauv qhov ntxiv ntawm nws phau ntawv xov xwm xyoo 1939. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Johnson rab phom tau raug qhuas vim nws yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim dua li rab phom John Garand.
Daim duab ntawm lub nruas magazine ntawm rab phom Johnson.
Lub caij no, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis xyoo 1939, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau txeeb tebchaws Poland, thiab lub suab nrov nrov hauv Asmeskas cov tub rog tias tus lav tau nyuaj, tias nws muaj qeeb ntau, tias Johnson muaj ntau daim cartridges thiab tuaj yeem rov siv tau ib zaug, uas yooj yim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, rab phom tau xa rov qab mus rau Aberdeen rau kev sim. Qhov kev xeem no yog thawj qhov kev sim loj rau Johnson phau ntawv xov xwm rotary. Cov phom tau sim rau 11 hnub, 1200 txhaj tshuaj raug rho tawm los ntawm nws, thiab lwm 5000 qhov kev sim sib txawv rau "hmoov av", "xuab zeb tsis kam", poob qhov kev xeem thiab ntau ntxiv. Cov phom muaj 22 ncua sijhawm. Lub Phom Txhaum Ua Haujlwm tau ua tiav kev xeem thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30, 1939, thiab qhia rau Johnson txog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo. Kev tsim khoom siab, tua qhov tseeb, yooj yim disassembly thiab rov ua dua, yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm lub thoob, cov ntawv xov xwm muaj peev xwm loj loj thiab nws muaj peev xwm rov ntim cov cartridges ib zaug, ntxiv rau rab phom muaj peev xwm tiv taus av, hmoov av thiab xuab zeb yog sau tseg. Kuv tsis nyiam qhov hnyav (ntau dua qhov xav tau), nrog rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv tshuab nrog tus qauv US bayonet. Nws tau thov kom sim phom hauv cov tub rog thiab tub rog, tab sis cov thawj coj tsis kam ua. Johnson tom qab ntawd tsom mus rau sim kom Marines lees txais nws rab phom. Vim li ntawd, kev tshawb xyuas pib hauv Senate. Qee qhov yog rau rab phom Garand, lwm tus rau rab phom Johnson. Lawv ob leeg muaj cov neeg txhawb nqa thiab cov neeg tawm tsam, daws cov qhab nia sib nrug, thiab qee tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lawv tus kheej txawm tias koom nrog kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam nyob hauv Fort Belvor.
Johnson lub phom phom khw. Lub qhov rau cov yeeb yaj kiab tau pom meej meej, thiab tom qab nws yog lub npog caij nplooj ntoo hlav.
Thaum lub Tsib Hlis xyoo 1940, cov tub rog tau tua hluav taws tshiab ntawm Fort Benning, qhov uas tau ua tiav "tus lav" tshiab. Melvin Johnson coj tsuas yog ib qho ntawm nws tus kheej rab phom, thiab ntxiv rau, tus tua los ntawm nws raug mob nws tus kheej ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "tom qab 150 txhaj tshuaj." Txawm li cas los xij, Garand tus neeg sib tw ntaus nws, tau ua tiav 472 tawm tsam 436. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev sib hais xaus nrog cov lus hais tias ob rab phom sib npaug. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog Garant twb tau tsim lawm, thiab tsis muaj laj thawj tshwj xeeb los hloov nws mus rau tus qauv tshiab, txawm tias nws zoo dua hauv qee txoj kev. Rau Johnson rab phom los hloov Garand phom ntev ntawm theem kawg, nws yuav tsum muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv txhua txoj kev. Yog tias ob txoj haujlwm no tau muab piv rau tib theem kev txhim kho, txhua yam yuav txawv. Lub sijhawm no, tsuas yog qhov tseeb, qhov kom zoo dua ntawm rab phom Johnson yog nws cov khoom lag luam siab. Yog li, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab uas ua kom nres, lub log thiab lub log tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm 200 txog 300 Johnson phom ntev ib teev! Tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub tuam txhab tsheb hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tsoo 1,000 phom hauv ib hnub tsis pub dhau rau lub hlis. Qhov ntau npaum li ntawd ua rau nws muaj peev xwm cia siab tias rab phom Johnson tuaj yeem siv los ua tus qauv phom loj ntawm ob pab tub rog thiab tub rog. Lub caij no, thaum Lub Yim Hli 1941, Dutch tau xaj 70,000 ntawm Johnson's M1941 phom los ntawm Johnson. Tsoomfwv Dutch tau khiav tawm tebchaws Askiv tom qab cov neeg German tau ntes lub tebchaws Netherlands. Tab sis Dutch tseem muaj lawv cov neeg tseem ceeb nyob hauv Dutch East Indies, thiab lawv xav tiv thaiv lawv, tab sis lawv xav tau riam phom niaj hnub no. Tab sis cov phom ua rau tsoomfwv Dutch yeej tsis tau ua rau Dutch East Indies. Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau ntes nws txawm tias ua ntej xaj xaj xa los ntawm San Francisco.
Melvin Maynard Johnson nrog nws rab phom M1941.
Hauv tib lub xyoo, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau nkag mus ua rog nrog Nyij Pooj, thiab Asmeskas Tub Rog Tub Rog Tub Rog yuav kwv yees li 20-30 txhiab M1941 phom los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev Dutch hauv Tebchaws Meskas, txij li M1 Garand phom ntev heev ntawm Marine Corps. Johnson cov phom kuj tseem siv los ntawm qee tus neeg saib xyuas paratrooper scipers ntawm Guadalcanal. Piv txwv li, Harry M. Tully siv M1941 Johnson thiab muaj peev xwm tua tau 42 tus tub rog Nyij Pooj, uas nws tau txais lub Hnub Qub Nyiaj. M1941 kuj tseem siv rau ntawm Bougainville Island thiab hauv kev ua phem rau ntawm Choiseul Island nyob ze. Tus Thawj Tub Rog Robert Dunlap tau txais khoom plig qhuas ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm hauv Iwo Jima (Lub Ob Hlis-Peb Hlis 1945) thiab tau thov kom siv Johnson rab phom. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias nws tus pej thuam tau teeb tsa hauv Monmouth, Illinois xyoo 1998, thiab ntxiv rau nws nws tau piav qhia tsuas yog Johnson rab phom nyob hauv nws txhais tes. Muaj cov duab Johnson siv phom ntev hauv Guam thiab lwm lub tebchaws Pacific. Cov neeg Dutch thaum kawg tseem tau txais ntau yam ntawm Johnson rab phom tom qab Pab Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Tub Rog thaum kawg hloov mus rau Garand, thiab siv lawv ntau xyoo tom qab tsov rog hauv Pab Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog. Tsoomfwv Chilean tau xaj 1000 Johnson phom ntev rau 7x57 mm.
Ua qauv qhia ntawm rab phom Johnson hauv US Congress Commission
Thaum CIA tau kawm tiav Brigade 2506 tau tsaws hauv Teb chaws Cuba's Bay of Pigs xyoo 1961, lawv feem ntau yog ua tub rog nrog Johnson lub phom tsis siv neeg ib nrab. Tom qab ntawd kwv yees li 16,000 rab phom tau rov los ntawm tsoomfwv Dutch thaum xyoo 1950 los ntawm Winfield Arms. Ib nrab ntawm cov phom tau xa mus rau tebchaws Canada thiab muag kom tsis txhob nyab lub khw nrog lawv. Cov tub rog rab phom txheem ntawm $ 68.50; tus qauv, tab sis nrog lub thoob tshiab pib ntawm $ 129.50; thiab ntaus pob ncaws pob ntaus pob nrog lub thoob tshiab thiab tsom iav pom rau $ 159.50. Txawm hais tias keeb kwm tsis paub "yuav", nws ua rau nkag siab xav me ntsis dab tsi yuav tshwm sim yog tias nws yog "Johnson" uas hloov "guarand" hauv pab tub rog Asmeskas. Yuav ua li cas yog Asmeskas "NATO-era" cov tub rog tua phom? Lub ntsiab lus yog tias hloov pauv qhov ntsuas rau 7.62 NATO yuav yooj yim dua li hloov lub thoob. Lub tshuab xa khoom tig rov tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau yooj yim nrog lub thawv ntawv xov xwm. Ntawd yog, cov neeg Asmeskas tuaj yeem tau txais qhov sib piv ntawm M14 ua ntej me ntsis dua xyoo 1957.
Tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab qhov dav ntawm rab phom Johnson.
Zoo, tam sim no cia saib ntawm Johnson tus kheej nqa phom ntev hauv kev nthuav dav. Nws siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv lub zog thim rov qab ntawm lub thoob nrog nws qhov mob stroke luv. Muaj plaub txoj cai txiav hauv lub thoob. Lub thoob ntim tau raug xauv los ntawm kev tuav cov protrusions ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj nrog lub breech ntsia hlau rau ntawm lub thoob. Lub nruas-hom ntawv xov xwm tuav 10 puag ncig. Cov ntawv xov xwm tau rub los ntawm lub qhov rai tshwj xeeb nrog lub hau ntawm sab xis ntawm tus txais, hauv qab lub qhov rais kom tshem tawm cov casings. Nws muaj daim qhia kev rau phaj phaj rau 5 ncig los ntawm cov phom Springfield M1903. Koj tuaj yeem them tus ntawv xov xwm ob qho tib si nrog lub qhov rooj qhib thiab kaw. Cov phom phom yog ua los ntawm ntoo, hauv ob ntu (cov khoom muaj lub caj dab thiab lub xub ntiag), ntawm lub thoob muaj tawv tawv. Cov phom muaj qhov pom diopter, nws tuaj yeem hloov kho hauv ntau yam. Cov phom loj tau nruab nrog rab koob tshwj xeeb uas muaj lub ntsej muag hnyav. Kev siv tus txheem bayonet-riam rau ntawm lub thoob uas txav tau tsis yooj yim sua, vim qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom lub tshuab.
Daim duab ntawm Johnson rab phom.
Yog tias peb sib piv M1 "Garand" nrog rab phom M1941, tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov thib ob muaj ob daim cartridges ntxiv hauv khw thiab nws tuaj yeem rov ntim tau txhua lub sijhawm nrog cov cartridges ib los ntawm ib qho lossis hloov nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab. Qhov ntau thiab qhov raug ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm M1941 thiab M1 Garand yog qhov zoo ib yam, tab sis txij li rab phom Johnson tau rov thim me me (raws li qee qhov chaw, tsuas yog 1/3 ntawm qhov rov los ntawm M1 Garand). Nws qhov kev tsim khoom kuj tseem siv zog tsawg dua thiab tsis kim dua. Cov phom M1941 tuaj yeem yooj yim muab faib ua ob ntu (thoob thiab cov khoom lag luam nrog cov txheej txheem), yog li nws tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv ob lub pob me me, yog li cov kws tshaj lij siv nws. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm Johnson rab phom suav nrog kev nkag siab zoo rau kev ua qias tuaj, thiab kev tsis muaj peev xwm siv tus txheem bayonet-riam, uas zoo li cov tub rog muaj qhov tsis zoo heev. Ib qho ntxiv, Johnson rab phom tau ua pov thawj tias tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab ua rau muaj kev tawg ntau dua li M1 Garand. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim tshiab ntawm lub nruas khw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tau ua tiav zoo. Txuas nrog rab phom ib nrab tsis siv neeg, nws ua nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
