Ntawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904

Ntawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904
Ntawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904

Video: Ntawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904

Video: Ntawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904
Video: XOVXWM KUB 10/7:SUAV NPAJ TUB ROG QHIB TSOV ROG TUA MEKAS LAWM,TAIWAN TABTOM NTSIB KEV PHOM SIJ HEEV 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Txhua tus neeg uas txaus siab rau keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog yuav nco txog qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov tub rog Nyij Pooj uas thaiv pawg tub rog ntawm V. K. Vitgefta txoj kev mus rau Vladivostok thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904. Cia peb qhia luv luv qhov kev tawm tsam no, ua kom zoo dua ntawm … tab sis, piv txwv li, ua haujlwm ntawm V. Ya. Krestyaninov thiab S. V. Molodtsov "Cruiser" Askold "". Phau ntawv no muab cov classic, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm keeb kwm Lavxias, piav qhia txog kev kov yeej ntawm peb cov neeg caij nkoj.

Raws li lub hauv paus, Rear Admiral N. K. Reitenstein txiav txim siab tsoo nws tus kheej thaum yav tsaus ntuj, tsis ntev tom qab Lavxias sib ntaus sib tua tig rov qab mus rau Port Arthur. Lub sijhawm no, cov nkoj Nyij Pooj, feem ntau yuav luag nyob ib puag ncig cov neeg Lavxias - tsuas yog sab qaum teb sab hnub poob (mus rau Port Arthur) tseem qhib. Ntsuam xyuas qhov xwm txheej, N. K. Reitenstein pom tias nws yuav zoo tshaj txhawm rau hla mus rau sab hnub poob sab hnub poob, txij li thaum ntawd txoj kev mus rau Lavxias cruisers tau raug thaiv tsuas yog los ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj thib 3. "Askold" tsa lub teeb liab "Cruisers ua raws kuv qab" thiab ua kom nrawm dua:

"Thaum 18 teev 50 feeb" Askold "tau qhib hluav taws thiab mus ncaj nraim rau lub nkoj tiv thaiv tub rog" Asama ", uas tau caij nkoj sib cais. Tsis ntev hluav taws tau tshwm sim ntawm Asama, vim qhov uas tus neeg caij nkoj Nyij Pooj tau "nce nws qhov nrawm thiab pib txav mus."

Raws li tau tsav tawm, yog li, "Asama", "Askold" thiab "Novik" dhau los ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab hla lawv. Tom qab ntawd tus thawj tub rog tom qab tig nws pawg ua ntej mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau sab qab teb, tab sis qeeb-Pallada thiab Diana poob qab: Askold thiab Novik tau nyob ib leeg.

Duab
Duab

Cov tub rog caij nkoj Yakumo tau mus rau Askold, tua nws los ntawm 203-mm thiab 152-mm phom. Tom qab nws, tus neeg caij nkoj ntawm 6 qhov kev sib cais, tseem thaiv txoj hauv kev ntawm peb cov nkoj, ua rau lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi. Los ntawm sab laug thiab tom qab, cov neeg caij nkoj ntawm qhov kev sib cais thib 3 ntawm Rear Admiral Deva tau tawm mus. Lub nkoj kawg ntawm thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua "Nissin" thiab lub nkoj ntawm qhov sib cais thib 5 tseem tau xa hluav taws mus rau "Askold" ".

Tus thawj coj "Askold" tau tswj kom muaj txoj sia nyob, poob rau hauv kev tsom mus rau peb qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov nkoj Nyij Pooj ib zaug? V. Ya. Krestyaninov thiab S. V. Molodtsov hais tias: "Kev kub ceev, kev txav mus los thiab qhov raug rov qab tua hluav taws piav qhia qhov tseeb tias tus neeg caij nkoj tau dim ntawm nag xob nag cua loj heev." "Askold" tau ncaj nraim mus rau "Yakumo", uas yog tus coj thib 3, thiab sai sai no:

"… Qhov hluav taws kub ntawm" Askold "tau ua rau lub nkoj ntawm" Takasago "chav kawm, thiab hluav taws tau tawg rau ntawm" Yakumo ", thiab nws tig nws tam sim ntawd. "Askold" thiab "Novik" tau ploj mus tom qab nws lub zog. Plaub tus neeg tua neeg Nyij Pooj tau pib tawm tsam rau cov neeg Lavxias cruisers los ntawm sab xis, los ntawm txoj kev kawm hneev taw. Los ntawm "Askold" peb pom pib ntawm plaub lub torpedoes, uas, hmoov zoo, dhau los. Cov phom ntawm sab hnub qub tau raug xa mus rau cov yeeb ncuab rhuav tshem, thiab cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau tig lawv tawm mus."

Yog li, peb pom daim duab ntxim nyiam ntawm kev kov yeej ob lub nkoj uas tsis muaj zog los ntawm ntau lub sijhawm ua yeeb ncuab zoo tshaj: ntxiv rau, thaum nws ua tiav, Askold cov phom loj tau tswj kom puas thiab yuam ob lub nkoj loj tiv thaiv cov neeg Nyij Pooj kom rov qab ua tiav. - thawj Asamu, thiab tom qab ntawd - Yakumo. " Tab sis lwm lub nkoj Nyij Pooj kuj tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm nws qhov hluav taws. Tag nrho cov saum toj no qhia meej tias lub nkoj loj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv nkoj (uas yog "Askold") hauv cov txuj ci tes yog lub zog loj uas muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau ntau lub zog muaj zog tiv thaiv lub nkoj. Tau kawg, nws kuj muaj Novik nrog nws, tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, los ntawm lub hauv paus, cov laurels tseem ceeb tau mus rau ntawm tus chij N. K. Reitenstein: nws tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ntseeg tau tias 120-mm Novik rab phom loj tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau rau cov nkoj Nyij Pooj.

Thiab, tau kawg, tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Varyag thiab Koreyets hauv Chemulpo thaum Lub Ib Hlis 27, 1904, kev ua ntawm Askold zoo dua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig: tom qab tag nrho, Varyag tau tawm tsam los ntawm tsuas yog ib lub nkoj loj tiv thaiv Asam, thiab, zoo li peb niaj hnub no peb paub tias "Varyag" tsis tuaj yeem ua rau tsis tsuas yog mob hnyav, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev puas tsuaj rau nws. Txhua yam no, ib txwm, yuam peb los sib piv cov kev ua ntawm "Askold" thiab "Varyag" nrog qhov tsis zoo rau tom kawg.

Tab sis cia peb sim txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm daim duab ntawm kev sib ntaus ntawm "Askold" thiab "Novik" peb tau siv li cas. Raws li peb pom, lawv txoj kev kov yeej tuaj yeem faib ua 2 ntu - kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Asama thiab Nyij Pooj 5 Kev Sib Ntaus, tom qab ntawd so ib ntus thaum cov neeg caij nkoj hla kev sib ntaus sib tua raws hneev thiab tig xub xub mus rau sab qab teb hnub poob, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau sab qab teb. thiab tom qab ntawd - kev sib ntaus nrog "Yakumo" thiab chav sib ntaus sib tua thib 6. Nws yog nyob hauv ntu no uas peb yuav xav txog lawv.

Lub xeev ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj "Askold" ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej

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Duab

Thaum lub sij hawm N. K. Reitenstein txiav txim siab ntawm kev kov yeej, lub xeev ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam yog raws li hauv qab no. Txog rau lub sijhawm ntawd, tus neeg caij nkoj tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus me me, txij li thawj theem ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Hiav Txwv Daj nws tau taug kev hauv tus Tsov tus tw ntawm cov tub rog sib ntaus thiab qhov deb tau loj txaus rau nws rab phom, txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem tau txais kev puas tsuaj. Thaum 13.09 lub foob pob 305-mm tsoo lub hauv paus ntawm thawj lub chimney, ua rau tom kawg ua kom tiaj tus, lub chimney thaiv, thiab lub rhaub dej puas. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov hluav taws kub tseem ceeb tau raug rhuav tshem, tus choj hla kev, lub tsev teev ntuj hluav taws xob tau raug rhuav tshem, thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov kav dej sib txuas lus thiab xov tooj tau raug puas tsuaj, uas yog, kev tswj ntawm tus neeg tsav nkoj tau cuam tshuam rau ib qho twg Raws li qhov tseeb, tsuas yog lub tshuab xov tooj thiab qhov tsis paub "telemotor" tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw sib tw ntawm cov tswj hwm (qhov no yog dab tsi, tus sau ntawm kab lus no tsis paub, tab sis nws tau hais hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm lub nkoj tom qab). Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib txuas lus lub suab tau rov qab zoo li qub - cov roj hmab hoses raug pov tseg, uas rau qee qhov hloov pauv cov kav dej sib txuas lus tsis zoo, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, kev xaj khoom tseem yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus ntawm lub nkoj los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd mus txog thaum kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Vim qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm lub rhaub dej thib 1, lub nkoj thauj khoom tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov nrawm dua thiab, tej zaum, tuaj yeem tswj tsis tau ntau dua 20 pob rau ntev.

Txhua yam no tau ua tiav rau lub nkoj los ntawm ib qho tsoo ntawm 305-mm "lub thawv rau khaub ncaws", thiab peb feeb tom qab lub plhaub ntawm qhov tsis paub tab (tab sis nws tsis zoo li nws tsawg dua 152-mm, hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm IKRezenshtein nws tau hais tias nws yog 305-mm) tsoo lub nkoj ntawm lub nkoj ntawm sab hnub poob, ua kom puas lub navigator lub tsev thiab ua rau muaj hluav taws me me. Qhov hluav taws kub tau daws sai, thiab qhov kev tsoo no tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim loj, tab sis nws tau dhau los ua qhov laj thawj xav paub keeb kwm: tus neeg tsav nkoj lub tsev tau raug puas tsuaj tag nrho los ntawm lub zog ntawm kev tawg thiab hluav taws, thiab tsuas yog ib qho uas muaj sia nyob hauv nws… yog ib lub thawv nrog chronometers.

Txawm hais tias tsis muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua puas tsuaj, lub nkoj loj ntawm lub nkoj loj tau qaug zog heev. Txhawm rau pib nrog, thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Xya Hli 28, "Askold" tau mus ua rog yam tsis tau siv riam phom-ob 152-mm, ob 75-mm thiab ob rab phom 37-mm raug tshem tawm ntawm nws rau qhov xav tau ntawm lub chaw tiv thaiv. Raws li kev tswj hwm hluav taws, tsis yog txhua yam meej nrog nws. Tib yam uas, tej zaum, tuaj yeem hais tau tseeb, yog los ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, kev tswj hwm hluav taws hauv nruab nrab tau cuam tshuam ntawm Askold.

Lub nkoj thauj khoom muaj ob lub chaw nres tsheb sib txuas nruab nrog Lyuzhol -Myakishev micrometers, ib qho ntawm lawv nyob ntawm tus choj sab saud, thiab qhov thib ob - ntawm lub hauv paus superstructure. Thaum sib ntaus, ob leeg ntawm lawv tau raug rhuav tshem, tab sis lub sijhawm tseeb ntawm lawv txoj kev tuag tsis meej. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev tsoo ntawm thawj 305-mm projectile ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj qhia tias lub qhov ntswg qhov chaw nres tsheb tau cuam tshuam los ntawm nws (tus choj sab saud tau raug puas tsuaj, tus tuav ntaub ntawv Rklitsky raug tua leej twg yog tus txiav txim siab nyob deb). Ib qho ntxiv, raws li kev piav qhia dav dav ntawm Askold qhov kev puas tsuaj, tsis muaj lwm qhov kev ntaus uas tuaj yeem thov kom rhuav tshem lub hneev taw ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb. Raws li rau lub chaw nres tsheb tom qab, nws, feem ntau yuav, tau ua haujlwm thaum pib ntawm kev kov yeej, tab sis raws li peb tau hais lawm, kev sib txuas lus hauv cov pej thuam sib txuas tau cuam tshuam, uas ua rau nws siv tsis tau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntawv no. Thiab txawm tias lub sijhawm zoo li no tseem nyob, nws tseem yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, vim tias nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tua mus rau rab phom los ntawm lub rooj sib txoos.

Raws li koj paub, cov ntaub ntawv no tau xa los ntawm lub rooj sib txoos mus rau cov phom uas siv xa thiab txais xov tooj, tom kawg yog rau txhua rab phom 152-mm. Tsis muaj lub tsev nyob tam sim no hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thiab tsim qauv ntawm kev tswj hluav taws (peb yuav rov qab los rau hauv kab lus ntawm kab lus Varyag), peb nco ntsoov tias ntawm Askold nws tau dhau mus dhau … lub neej luv. Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm "Askold", lub rooj sib tham ntawm tus thawj coj thiab cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub nkoj "Askold" tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev ua thawj coj ntawm N. K. Reitenstein, nws lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau nthuav dav cov kev tawm tsam uas tau txais thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904. Hauv ib feem ntawm cov phom loj, nws tau hais tias:

"Cov xov tooj tau xiam oob qhab los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug, thiab yog li ntawd, muaj txiaj ntsig nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev qhia, thaum ua tsov rog lawv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig kiag li; txhua yam yog los ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog lub suab thiab muaj tus thawj coj, uas yog yam peb yuav tsum mob siab rau txawm tias nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb."

Raws li qhov tseeb, lub hauv paus tswj hwm cov cuab yeej tua hluav taws tau phem heev ntawm Askold uas cov tub ceev xwm sib sau ua ke … tswj tau los txog rau qhov tsis lees paub qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus feem ntau! "Qhov chaw ntawm cov tub ceev xwm tua phom loj yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob hauv lub rooj sib txoos, thiab nws qhov chaw thaum sib ntaus sib tua yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob hauv lub roj teeb" - qhov no yog qhov xaus los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm caij nkoj.

Tab sis cia peb rov qab mus rau qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub xeev ntawm "Askold" - lub sijhawm thaum cov xov tooj tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tsis meej, vim tias lo lus "los ntawm thawj qhov kev txhaj tshuaj" yog qhov nyuaj heev rau khi rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej, tus neeg caij nkoj tau tua me ntsis ntawm tus yeeb ncuab - rau lub sijhawm ntev tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua mus rau qhov sawv, "Askold" tsis tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav pov nws lub plhaub rau tus yeeb ncuab, thiab thaum pib thib ob, thaum lub nkoj caij nkoj los lub hom phiaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm H. Togo, nws tau sim teb lawv, tab sis tsuas yog tua 4 zaug, vim tias nws lub plhaub tsis ncav cuag tus yeeb ncuab. Tom qab ntawd, tsis xav tawm ntawm lawv lub nkoj mus rau lub hom phiaj yooj yim rau cov yeeb ncuab sib ntaus sib tua, N. K. Reitenstein hloov nws qhov kev tawm mus rau sab laug hla ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, yog li pom nws tus kheej "laj kab tawm" los ntawm qhov kawg los ntawm 1st kev sib ntaus sib tua tshem tawm H. Togo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm muaj lub peev xwm txav tau sai sai yog tias, piv txwv li, Nyij Pooj yuav tsom lawv cov destroyers rau kev tawm tsam. Nyob hauv txoj haujlwm no, cov nkoj ntawm N. K. Reitenstein tseem ua tsis tau rau cov yeeb ncuab sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis lawv tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem tua hluav taws rau lawv, thiab lwm lub nkoj Nyij Pooj tau nyob deb dhau los tua lawv. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm tias 4 152-mm projectiles yog txhua yam uas Askold tau siv ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej pib. Nws tsis zoo li qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ua tiav ntawm txhua qhov kev hu xov tooj ntawm 152-mm phom, tab sis, los ntawm thiab loj, txawm tias lawv tau tawm ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej lossis thaum pib yog lo lus nug kev kawm dawb, vim li cas los xij, "Askold ", tsoo dhau, tsis muaj peev xwm tswj hwm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm nws rab phom loj. Raws li rau cov khoom siv ib feem ntawm cov phom lawv tus kheej, tom qab ntawd, raws li koj paub, plaub ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj tau tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov khoom nqa nqa, thaum cov hniav ntawm cov nqa nqa tawg tag nrho plaub, thiab feem ntau yuav tshwm sim qhov no twb yog lub sijhawm ua tiav, nrog rau lwm yam phom phom. Nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tau tias thaum pib ua tiav, tag nrho kaum rab phom 152-mm tau ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem tua hluav taws.

Yog li, kev puas tsuaj loj rau "Askold" tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev txo qis me ntsis hauv kev nrawm thiab ua tsis tiav ntawm lub hauv paus tswj kev siv phom loj - qhov seem yog qhov tseem ceeb me me.

Txoj haujlwm ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias thiab Nyij Pooj ua ntej pib qhov kev kov yeej

Daim duab hauv qab no tso cai rau koj los sawv cev kwv yees thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias thiab Nyij Pooj rog:

Ntawm qhov kev kov yeej ntawm cruisers
Ntawm qhov kev kov yeej ntawm cruisers

Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Squadron tau nthuav tawm ntau - Retvizan tau nyob rau pem hauv ntej, Peresvet thiab Pobeda tau txav tom qab nws, thiab Poltava, uas tuav txoj kev kawm tom qab lawv, poob qis zoo. Sevastopol tau poob qis dua, muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv lub tsheb, qhov kawg yog "Tsarevich". Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom qhia qhov deb nrug ntawm lub nkoj, tab sis, raws li tus thawj coj ntawm Nyij Pooj cov tub rog caij nkoj Asama, Tsesarevich poob qab Sevastopol los ntawm 8 kab, thiab qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua yog 4 kab. Qhov kev ntsuas no, rau txhua qhov nws ib txwm muaj, tseem tuaj yeem muab qee lub tswv yim ntawm qhov kev ncua deb uas tau tshwm sim. Peb cruisers N. K. Reitenstein: "Askold", "Pallada" thiab "Diana" tau mus rau ntawm qhov chaw pib ntawm "Peresvet" thiab "Yeej", tej zaum "nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev hla" ntawm "Pobeda" thiab "Poltava". Tus neeg caij nkoj plaub ntawm kev tshem tawm - "Novik" lub sijhawm ntawd tau mus cais, nyob rau sab laug thiab pem hauv ntej ntawm "Retvizan".

Raws li rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj, lawv, qhov tseeb, tau nyob ib puag ncig cov nkoj Lavxias rov qab. Thaum lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, kev sib ntaus sib tua thib 1 ntawm H. Togo tau ua raws qhov sib thooj mus rau kab ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum cov pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua tau tawg, tig mus rau sab hnub tuaj, tiv thaiv lawv qhov kev nthuav tawm ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd, thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias cov tub rog Lavxias tau tawm mus rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob, H. Togo tig rov mus rau Port Arthur, thiab lub sijhawm no mus rau sab qaum teb. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, nws qhov kawg "Nissin" thiab "Kasuga" tau tawm mus thiab tsim thiab mus caum cov nkoj Lavxias los ntawm sab qab teb hnub poob.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rau sab xis thiab pem hauv ntej ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias, kev sib ntaus sib tua thib 5 (Chin-Yen, Matsushima, Hasidate) thiab, cais los ntawm lawv, cov tub rog caij nkoj Asama, tau taug kev ntawm nws. Zoo, nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm peb cov kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg tua neeg Nyij Pooj tau mob siab rau. Cov lus qhia sab qab teb -sab hnub poob kuj tsis pub dawb - nyob ntawd, rau ib leeg, kev sib ntaus sib tua zaum 3 tau mus rau ib leeg raws li ib feem ntawm cov tub rog caij nkoj "Kasagi", "Takasago" thiab "Chitose" ua ke nrog cov tsho tiv thaiv "Yakumo" txhawb lawv los ntawm sab hnub tuaj thiab chav sib ntaus thib 6 ("Akashi", "Suma", "Akitsushima") - los ntawm sab hnub poob. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias ntawm cov nkoj Lavxias tau ntseeg tias lawv tau ncig los ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem los ntawm txhua sab, qee tus neeg tim khawv pom tias ntau dua 60 lub nkoj ntawm chav kawm no tau pom, uas, ntawm chav kawm, ntau dua li lawv tus lej tiag.

Nws tseem tsis tau meej meej tias pawg tub rog tau tawm tsam lub zog loj ntawm H. Togo los ntawm lub sijhawm pib ua tiav. Nws tau paub tseeb tias tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias tau ploj mus thiab tig mus rau Port Arthur, lawv tau sib tua hluav taws nrog cov neeg Nyij Pooj rau qee lub sijhawm, thiab qee qhov chaw (suav nrog daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm NK Reitenstein nws tus kheej) nco tias thaum 18.50, thaum Askold "Pib nws kov yeej, kev tua tseem tab tom mus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no ua rau qee qhov ua xyem xyav, vim los ntawm lwm qhov chaw nws ua raws li qhov kev tua raug nres thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm pab pawg yog 40 kab, thiab suav nrog qhov tseeb tias thaum 18:20 Lub nkoj Lavxias tau mus rau Port Arthur (mus rau sab qaum teb). -sab hnub poob), thiab Nyij Pooj - nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab, mus rau sab hnub tuaj, tom qab ntawv, feem ntau yuav yog lub sijhawm no tuaj ntxov dua 18.50. Tej zaum qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej: Cov nkoj Lavxias tau nthuav tawm zoo thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv tau nres tua thaum lub nkoj kawg tseem tab tom tua. Nws yog qhov ua tau uas Peresvet, Pobeda thiab Poltava nres kev sib pauv hluav taws nrog cov nkoj ntawm Kh. Qhov ntawd tsis ntev ua ntej 18.50, thiab Retvizan, uas tau mus rau nws, tau kawg, tau ua nws txawm tias ntxov dua. Tab sis qhov kawg kev sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias "Sevastopol" thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, "Tsarevich" tseem tuaj yeem tua ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj - lawv, dhau mus rau sab hnub tuaj, tom qab ntawd tig mus rau sab qaum teb, thiab qhov deb ntawm cov pab pawg tsis nce nrawm dua. Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm Lavxias tau ua pov thawj tias cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau tua ntawm "Tsarevich" txog thaum tsaus ntuj.

Lub hom phiaj kev kov yeej los ntawm N. K. Reitenstein

Txhua yam zoo li pom meej ntawm no - Lub taub hau ntawm Cruiser Detachment tau sim ua kom tiav qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus neeg tuag V. K. Vitgefta thiab ua raws rau Vladivostok, tab sis qhov tseeb N. K. Reitenstein coj kev pom dav dua ntawm yam. Rear Admiral nws tus kheej tau hais nws qhov laj thawj (hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom rau tus tswv xeev ntawm lub Cuaj Hli 1, 1904) raws li hauv qab no:

"Hauv kuv lub tswv yim, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tsoo los ntawm lub nplhaib, thiab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhua tus nqi, txawm tias tau tua tus neeg caij nkoj - kom tso cov pab tub rog dawb los ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim los ntawm Nyij Pooj thiab hloov qee qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua; txwv tsis pub lub nplhaib yuav muaj sijhawm kaw kom nruj, tawm mus, tej zaum, txoj kev me me mus rau Arthur kom tsav cov pab pawg mus rau cov mines, thiab qhov tsaus ntuj tuaj - thiab kuv tsis xav xav - yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim ntxiv nrog pab pawg, nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab pab tub rog nrog ntau tus neeg rhuav tshem "…

Nws yog qhov nthuav tias N. K. Reitenstein paub tseeb tias nws txoj kev kov yeej lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg Lavxias los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rhuav tshem: "… Cov phiaj xwm Nyij Pooj - kom nyob ib puag ncig pab tub rog thiab ua rau kuv qhov kev tawm tsam tas hmo - ua tsis tau" (hauv tib daim ntawv tshaj tawm).

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua tiav, lub taub hau ntawm Cruiser Squad pom lwm lub hom phiaj rau nws tus kheej - kom nqa cov nkoj sib ntaus nrog nws. "Tsis pom lub teeb liab ntawm Peresvet … Kuv txo qis cov cim ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj, tawm" kom ua raws kuv "vam tias yog tias Tub Vaj Ntxwv Ukhtomsky tsis ua haujlwm, ces" Peresvet "yuav ua raws tus neeg caij nkoj." Kuv yuav tsum hais tias nqe lus no los ntawm N. K. Niaj hnub no hauv qee lub voj voos nws tsis yog ib txwm coj los ua Reitenstein tiag, thiab qee qhov twb tau mus txog qhov raug liam tom qab admiral ntawm kev dag: lawv hais tias, yog N. K. Reitenstein yeej xav coj cov tub rog sib ntaus thiab coj lawv mus rau Vladivostok, yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tsim kev nrawm ntawm 20 pob hauv lub sijhawm ua tiav, uas tsis muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias yuav txhawb tau? Cov lus teb rau qhov no yog muab los ntawm N. K. Reitenstein hauv nws cov lus pov thawj rau Pawg Neeg Soj Ntsuam: "Kuv tau ntseeg tias, txij li tsawg kawg ib lub nkoj hla dhau, cov neeg Nyij Pooj yuav xa mus raws, thiab xa ob lossis peb tus neeg caij nkoj (lawv tsis koom nrog kev sib ntaus nrog cov tub rog me) thiab lub nplhaib yuav tawg, uas yuav pab txhawb kev hla kev sib ntaus sib tua ". Kuv yuav tsum hais tias txoj haujlwm no muaj ntau dua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig-nyob rau sab qab teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog tsuas muaj cov thib 3 thiab 6 sib cais, thiab, suav nrog, piv txwv li, Takasago-class cruiser, lossis txawm tias Yakumo, "Askold "tiag tiag tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv hauv cov tub rog nyob ib puag ncig Lavxias pab tub rog nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia uas yuav tso cai rau kev ua tiav rau Vladivostok kom rov ua dua tshiab.

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Maneuvering Lavxias nkoj hauv thawj theem ntawm kev kov yeej

Qhov tseeb, nws yooj yim heev, txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj qee qhov txawv. Thaum 18.50, "Askold" pib muaj kev kov yeej, txav mus raws txoj kab, ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab tom qab ntawd tig sab laug thiab hla pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qia ntawm Retvizan, khaws txoj kev mus rau sab qab teb hnub poob thiab tom qab ntawd tig rov qab mus rau sab qab teb, qhov twg, qhov tseeb, ua raws thaum lub sijhawm tawg (kev hloov pauv me me tsis suav nrog). Qhov xwm txheej nrog "Novik" kuj tseem nkag siab - yog tias "Askold" nyob ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tom qab ntawd "Novik" - nyob rau sab laug, thiab nws tau sawv tom qab "Askold" thaum nws hla lub nkoj sib ntaus thiab txav mus los mus rau lawv sab laug. Tab sis vim li cas “Askold” tsis ua raws “Pallas” thiab “Diana”, leej twg, ua ntej kev kov yeej pib, ua raws nws mus? N. K. Reitenstein ntseeg tias tag nrho cov ntsiab lus nyob hauv qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm ob lub nkoj no: hauv nws lub tswv yim, lawv tsuas tsis muaj sijhawm ua raws "Askold" thiab poob qab, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem tos lawv, vim tias nrawm tshaj plaws qhov tseem ceeb ua ntej rau kev ua tiav.

Peb yuav tso cai rau peb tus kheej kom tsis ntseeg qhov no. Qhov tseeb yog tias "Askold" thawj zaug txav ntawm qhov nrawm heev, N. K. Reitenstein hauv nws tsab ntawv ceeb toom rau Tus Tswv xeev qhia tias: "Dhau pawg tub rog, nws tau nrawm dua 18 pob, thiab tsoo lub nplhaib - 20 pob." Tau kawg, kev coj tus yam ntxwv ntawm "vajtswv poj niam", raws li "Pallada" thiab "Diana" raug hu, nyob deb ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj kev cia siab, tab sis txawm li cas los xij "Pallada", raws li nws tus thawj coj, 1st tus thawj coj Sarnavsky, muab 17 pob txha hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab "Diana", raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm tus neeg caij nkoj Tub Vaj Ntxwv Lieven, ntseeg siab tuav 17, 5 pob. Yog li, ob tus neeg caij nkoj no tuaj yeem tuav tau zoo rau "Askold" thaum nws hla kev sib ntaus sib tua, tej zaum nrog kev lag luam me me, thiab nws tsuas tuaj yeem tawg ntawm lawv thaum nws mus rau sab laug ntawm pab tub rog thiab muab 20 pob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj ib yam zoo tshwm sim - tus neeg caij nkoj Pallada, piv txwv li, tsis tau mus qhov twg hlo li, thiab tseem nyob ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias! Vim li cas nws tshwm sim? Feem ntau, NK nws tus kheej yuav tsum raug liam rau qhov tseeb tias Pallada thiab Diana tsis maj mus rau qhov kev kov yeej. Reitenstein, lossis theej tsis meej pem hauv cov chij cim, uas tau teeb tsa ntawm "Askold". Tab sis - nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim.

Yog li, thaum 18.50 "Askold" pib muaj kev kov yeej, nce kev mob stroke mus rau 18 pob thiab nce lub teeb liab "Ua rau sawv daws tsim". Thiab qhov no yog nws thawj qhov yuam kev, vim qhov kev txiav txim no tso cai txhais ob zaug.

Yog tias qhov kev txiav txim tau muab hauv thawj lossis theem thib ob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis ua ntej "Tsarevich" tau tsa "Admiral hloov chaw hais kom ua", tom qab ntawd tsis muaj kev kub ntxhov yuav tshwm sim. Raws li koj paub, N. K. Reitenstein yog lub taub hau ntawm Cruiser Detachment, zoo, thiab nws tuaj yeem, tau kawg, xaj xaj rau cov neeg caij nkoj - kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj lawv tus thawj coj. Yog li, lub sijhawm no, nws "Ua raws li qib sawv" yog kev txiav txim rau cov neeg caij nkoj, thiab tsuas yog rau cov neeg caij nkoj.

Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm 18.50 kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim nrog kev coj ntawm pab tub rog. Nws tau xav tias yuav tsum yog Tus Thawj Tub Vaj Ntxwv Ukhtomsky, thiab nws tau sim ua nws, tab sis nws "Peresvet" tau raug ntaus los ntawm Nyij Pooj (qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no tau raug kev txom nyem tshaj plaws hauv kev sib ntaus thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904) uas nws yooj yim tsis muaj dab tsi los tsa. chij thiab cov cim qhia. Qhov no tau muab qhov kev xav tias tsis muaj leej twg nyob hauv kev hais kom ua ntawm pab tub rog, thiab ntau tus tuaj yeem xav tias Rear Admiral N. K. Reitenstein tam sim no yog tus thawj coj loj ntawm pab tub rog - nws tus kheej tau tso cai rau qhov no. Yog li, hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus chij xaj "Ua hauv kev tsim" tuaj yeem pom tsis yog raws li cov lus txib rau cov neeg caij nkoj, tab sis raws li kev xaj rau tag nrho pawg tub rog. Thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov tseeb, zoo li, lawv nkag siab nws ntawm "Pallada" - zoo, thiab tau kawg lawv tau pib ua nws.

Qhov tseeb yog, thaum tau txais qhov kev txiav txim "Ua hauv kev tsim", hais rau cov neeg caij nkoj, "Pallada" yuav tsum tau ua raws "Askold", tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub teeb liab no tau hais rau tag nrho pawg tub rog, "Pallada" yuav tsum coj mus rau qib raws li qhov xav tau thawj - uas yog, tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thiab yog li, pom tseeb, qhov no yog qhov lawv tau sim ua ntawm Pallas. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tsis txhob ua kom nrawm dua raws li "Askold", "Pallada" tau sim ua qhov chaw hauv "cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv" tsim … … Tub Vaj Ntxwv Lieven tsis tuaj yeem raug liam rau qhov kev txiav txim siab no, rau ib qho laj thawj yooj yim: qhov tseeb yog tias cov cim qhia ntawm tus chij tau pom meej meej tsuas yog nyob hauv lub nkoj tom ntej, ntawm qhov thib peb hauv qib - twb zoo heev, yog li, thiab plaub, feem ntau tsis pom lawv txhua. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau tus thawj coj tuaj yeem coj tsis yog los ntawm qhov nws pom (lossis tsis pom) ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm tus chij, tab sis los ntawm qhov matelot mus tom ntej ua dab tsi.

Ntawm "Askold", zoo li, lawv paub lawv qhov yuam kev, thiab 10 feeb tom qab thawj lub teeb liab lawv tsa "Cruisers ua raws kuv qab", uas qhia meej txog lawv lub hom phiaj. Tab sis "Askold" twb tau txav mus tom ntej los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, thiab "Pallada" thiab "Diana" tsis tuaj yeem ntes nws sai, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj - dhau los ntawm "Peresvet" thiab tsis pom tus thawj tub rog chij ntawm nws, N. K. Reitenstein txiav txim siab nqa lub nkoj sib ntaus nrog nws, thiab lub teeb liab "Cruisers kom raws kuv qab" raug tso tawm. Tam sim no "Tau sawv hauv qhov tsim" dua thiab pom tseeb hais txog tag nrho pawg tub rog, thiab dab tsi yuav tsum tau xav txog "Pallas" thiab "Diana"?

Thaum kawg, txawm li cas los xij, lawv kwv yees tias N. K. yuav ua dab tsi. Reitenstein (pom tseeb, thaum nws, tau tsim 20 pob, khiav mus rau sab qab teb), thiab "Diana" tau sim ua kom tau raws li "Askold" thiab "Novik", uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau ploj mus tom qab "Askold", tab sis ntawm no, tau kawg, "Diana" nrog nws 17, 5 lub pob tsis tuaj yeem caum nrog cov pab pawg khiav hauv txhua txoj kev.

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