Qee lub sij hawm dhau los peb tau pib kab lus me me txog kev ua tiav ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj Askold thiab Novik thaum sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904, uas tau tshwm sim hauv Hiav Txwv Daj (sib ntaus ntawm Shantung). Cia peb nco peb tus kheej ntawm cov lus xaus tseem ceeb ntawm tsab xov xwm dhau los:
1. "Askold" thaum pib ntawm kev kov yeej, feem ntau yuav, khaws tag nrho cov phom 10 152-mm muaj rau nws raws li kev npaj sib ntaus, tab sis nws lub hauv paus tswj kev tswj hwm hluav taws tsis raug. Ib qho ntxiv, vim yog qhov projectile 305-mm tsoo thawj lub raj, lub rhaub dej tau raug puas ntsoog, uas yog vim li cas tus neeg tsav nkoj lub nkoj ceev tau pom tias txwv tsis pub dhau 20 pob (ua ntej tsov rog hauv Port Arthur, "Askold" ntseeg ruaj khov 22.5 pob).
2. Nws yog qhov zoo heev uas Pallada thiab Diana tsis ua raws Askold tsis yog vim lawv qhov nrawm (ua ntej Askold tau sib sau lub tsheb thauj mus los ntawm Lavxias pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua, nws tau ceev heev me ntsis 18 pob), tab sis vim tsis meej pem hauv cov teeb tsa los ntawm NK Reitenstein - ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj lawv tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab tias tus thawj tub rog xav kom lawv mus rau nws sawv, lossis kom sawv ntawm pab tub rog sib ntaus;
3. Los ntawm qhov pib ntawm txoj kev kov yeej, cov tub rog Lavxias tau nyob ib puag ncig. Nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj (muaj peev xwm nyob rau sab qaum teb) yog chav sib ntaus sib tua thib 5 (Chin Yen, Matsushima, Hasidate) thiab Asama, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj yog lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm Heihachiro Togo, los ntawm sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj lawv tau caum nrog Nissin thiab "Kassuga", nyob rau sab qab teb yog qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua thib peb ("dev" coj los ntawm "Yakumo"), nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob - pawg tub rog thib 6 ("Akashi", "Suma", "Akitsushima"). Muaj ntau qhov kev puas tsuaj nyob rau sab hnub poob, thiab tsuas yog txoj kev mus rau Port Arthur mus rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob tseem muaj kev ywj pheej - Cov nkoj Lavxias tau mus rau ntawd. Yog lawm, rau pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Pacific 1, tsuas yog lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm H. Togo ua rau muaj kev phom sij tiag tiag, tab sis ib pawg neeg Nyij Pooj (tshwj tsis yog rau thib 6) uas tau tsoo los ntawm Akold thiab Novik yog tus yeeb ncuab siab dua.
Hauv kev sib tham ntawm tsab xov xwm dhau los, muaj kev sib cav tsis txaus ntseeg tau hais txog qhov chaw nyob ntawm Asama txheeb ze rau pawg tub rog: nws tau ntseeg tias thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav, lub nkoj tiv thaiv no tsis nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj, tab sis sab hnub poob ntawm cov nkoj Lavxias. Cia peb ntsib nws, cov lus nug no tsuas yog qhov nthuav vim tias nws nyuaj rau muab cov lus teb rau lawv. Qhov tseeb yog tias hauv cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev txav ntawm cov nkoj los ntawm cov neeg tim khawv pom muaj ib txwm muaj ntau qhov tsis sib xws, los ntawm ib lub nkoj lawv pom ib yam, los ntawm lwm qhov tib lub sijhawm tau pom sib txawv, vim li ntawd, cov kws sau keeb kwm tau txais "kev tsis sib haum" ntawm kev sib tham. cov ntawv ceeb toom tsis sib xws thiab nws nyuaj heev los muab lawv ua ib qho. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev tsim kho daim duab ntawm kev txav chaw yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev nrhiav qee qhov "siv" cov ntsiab lus, uas yog, cov uas nws cov lus piav qhia yog qhov ua haujlwm tsis ntseeg. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yog qhov hla ntawm Varyag cruiser hla txoj kev hla ntawm Pkhalmido (Yodolmi) kob - qhov tseeb no tau sau tseg hauv Lavxias thiab Nyij Pooj cov ntawv ceeb toom thiab xa tawm, cuam tshuam hauv phau ntawv teev npe, thiab lwm yam.
Yog li, kuv yuav tsum hais tias cov lus piav qhia txog qhov twg Asama nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm Lavxias tus neeg caij nkoj txawv ntawm lawv tus kheej. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm keeb kwm Nyij Pooj muaj cov kab lus no:
"Admiral Deva, pom tias" Askold "," Novik "thiab ntau lub nkoj rhuav tshem uas tau tawg mus rau sab qab teb tau thawb" Asam "nrog cov nkoj mined thiab, ntxiv rau, tua ntawm lub nkoj ntawm 6 kev sib ntaus sib tua tshem tawm Suma, uas tau sib cais ntawm SW thiab yog tus neeg caij nkoj kho siab ntawm 6 kev sib ntaus sib tua, tau koom ua ke hauv kev sib cais "Yakumo", "Kassagi", "Chitose", "Takasago", nws maj nroos mus cawm nws lub nkoj. Qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua thib 6 kuj tau tuaj cawm, thiab Suma tau koom nrog nws qhov kev tshem tawm; "Asama" thiab cov neeg rhuav tshem tau tawm mus yam nyab xeeb."
Nws yuav zoo li los ntawm cov lus piav qhia saum toj no nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias "Asama" nyob rau sab hnub poob lossis sab qab teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj, vim tias "Askold" thiab "Novik", tom qab tig mus rau sab qab teb, tsis tuaj yeem thawb ntxiv nkoj nyob ntawm lawv mus rau sab qaum teb hnub poob, sab qaum teb lossis sab qaum teb qaum teb. Hauv qhov no, yuav muaj Lavxias sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lawv, thiab feem ntau koj tuaj yeem thawb cov yeeb ncuab nkoj, txav deb ntawm lawv mus rau lwm qhov? Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub hauv paus ("Kev piav qhia ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm hiav txwv hauv 37-38 xyoo. Meiji) hais tias tsis ntev ua ntej kev ua tiav ntawm" Askold "" Asam "tau pom nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob - muab tias cov tub rog Lavxias nyob rau lub sijhawm no yog nyob rau sab hnub poob (lossis sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob) ntawm cov tub rog Nyij Pooj, thiab ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua lawv tau sau tseg qhov pom ntawm Asama txoj cai ntawm chav kawm, peb tau ntsib nrog qhov tsis sib xws pom tseeb, tshwj tsis yog Asama nyuam qhuav txav mus rau sab qab teb sai.
Alas, Asams phau ntawv teev npe ua tim khawv ncaj qha rau qhov tsis sib xws - raws li nws cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau lub sijhawm no (tom qab Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua tig mus rau Port Arthur, tab sis ntev ua ntej qhov Askold kov yeej), Cov neeg caij nkoj Nyij Pooj tau mus rau sab qaum teb kom txiav cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias. (!). Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyob hauv phau ntawv "Asama" uas yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus siv, uas peb tau hais los lawm, yog tam sim no:
"7.30 Nws. m. Txoj kev kawm los ntawm Asama tau coj lub nkoj mus ze rau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua thib 5. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov nkoj ntawm kev tsim tau raug yuam kom muab tus rudder mus rau sab laug, tig rov los ntawm 16 cov ntsiab lus."
Vim li cas qhov kev nkag no thiaj ntseeg tau? Qhov tseeb yog tias hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nws yooj yim kom ua yuam kev, saib cov yeeb ncuab nkoj - tab sis nws tsis yooj yim ua rau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib koom tes nrog ib ntawm koj cov koog nrog lwm yam, ntxiv mus, ntawm qhov deb uas xav tau kev hloov pauv, yog li tham "txhawm rau zam". Kuj tseem tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias lub nkoj ntawm qhov sib cais thib 5 tau txheeb xyuas kom raug ntawm Asam: nws tseem tsis tau tsaus, thiab qhov tseeb, tsis muaj lwm lub nkoj nyob ze.
Ua raws li qhov tseeb tias Port Arthur lub sijhawm Lavxias txawv ntawm Nyij Pooj lub sijhawm 45 feeb, qhov kev sib tham saum toj no tau tshwm sim ntawm 18.45, uas yog, 5 feeb ua ntej "Askold" pib qhov kev kov yeej. Yog li ntawd, txoj haujlwm txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm "Asama" yog qhov yooj yim heev - peb yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov chaw thib 5 Nyij Pooj nyob qhov twg. Tab sis ntawm no txhua yam yooj yim dua lossis tsawg dua.
Qhov tseeb yog muaj pov thawj pom tias, thaum cov tub rog Lavxias tseem tab tom hla mus rau Vladivostok (chav kawm mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm Nyij Pooj tau nyob rau sab hnub qub), cov neeg tawg rog zaum 5 tau mus txog ntawm cov neeg Lavxias nyob deb ntawm uas "Poltava" tua nws nrog rab phom ntawm sab laug, uas yog, cov yeeb ncuab yog los ntawm nws nyob rau sab qaum teb lossis sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob. Hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm N. K. Reitenstein taw qhia tias thaum cov neeg Nyij Pooj twb tau puag ncig lub taub hau ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias, nws tau pom "ntawm N - peb tus neeg caij nkoj zoo li" Matsushima "thiab" Chin -yen "nrog cov neeg rhuav tshem", txawm tias qhov tseeb tias "Txhua yam no mus los ntawm txoj cai sab laug hauv txoj kev sib txawv. " Yog lawm, "txoj cai-rau-sab laug" tsis yog lub sijhawm siv tub rog tseeb tshaj plaws, tab sis tsis ntev ua ntej qhov no, Cov Tub Rog Rear Russia tseem tau qhia txog kev taw qhia ntawm kev txav mus los thib 5-los ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau sab hnub poob. Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias Nyij Pooj tau hnav cov tub rog Lavxias thaum nws sib xyaw, thiab lub sijhawm no tus neeg caij nkoj N. K. Reitenstein tig mus rau sab qaum teb-sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob, txoj kev ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau sab hnub poob tsuas yog "sab laug-rau-sab laug" rau lawv.
Txij li Asama phau ntawv teev npe qhia tias tom qab ntsib nrog Asama, qhov kev tshem tawm thib 5 tau tig 16 cov ntsiab lus, uas yog, 180 degrees, thiab mus rau qhov tsis sib thooj (thaum koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Lavxias nkoj), los ntawm lub sijhawm pib ntawm kev kov yeej " Askold ", nws tau mus rau sab hnub tuaj (lossis mus rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj, lossis mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, vim tias, qhov tseeb, peb tsis paub xyov qhov twg yog qhov sib cais thib 5" ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug "los ntawm).
Cia peb tam sim no tig mus rau cov lus ceeb toom ntawm Lavxias sib ntaus sib tua uas tau caij nkoj mus rau Port Arthur thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Tus thawj coj ntawm "Retvizan" E. N. Schensnovich: "… Txhua qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tau ua raws kuv qab. Peb pab tub rog caij nkoj … twb tau kawm txog qhov no lawm, nyob deb ntawm peb. Cov yeeb ncuab nkoj tau tshwm sim ntawm chav kawm: "Chin -Yen", "Matsushima", "Itsukushima" thiab "Tokiwa" - qee leej ntawm lawv tau qhib hluav taws rau ntawm pab tub rog. " Ntawm no peb pom tias E. N. Schensnovich tsis meej pem "Asama" nrog tib hom "Tokiva", uas tsis koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904. Ua raws li "Retvizan" yog "Peresvet", uas nws cov tub rog loj tshaj plaws, V. N. Cherkasov tshaj tawm: "Ua ntej ntawm peb chav kawm peb tau pom Yakumo, Chin-Yen, Matsushima thiab Itsukushima, uas raug yuam kom tawm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 25 kab los ntawm cov phom loj." "Peresvet" tau ua raws los ntawm pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua "Pobeda". Nws tus thawj coj, Captain 1st Rank V. M. Zatsarenny tshaj tawm: "Lub sijhawm ntawd, Chin-Yen nrog ob tus neeg caij nkoj tau tshwm sim pem hauv ntej ntawm sab xis. Peb tau qhib hluav taws rau lawv, qhov kev tshem tawm sai sai no tau txav mus rau sab xis, thim rov qab rau pem hauv ntej ntawm pab tub rog."
Ntawd yog, thawj ob qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Lavxias tau pom cov nkoj Nyij Pooj ntawm kev sib cais thib 5 ncaj qha rau ntawm chav kawm (sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lawv tus kheej), thiab qhov thib peb ("Yeej")-"pem hauv ntej-txoj cai", uas yog, twb nyob rau sab qaum teb. Hauv lwm lo lus, txawm hais tias qhov kev kawm paub tseeb ntawm qhov kev tshem tawm thib 5 tsis paub, "los ntawm qhov pom" ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog, nws tau txav los ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj, thiab, los ntawm lub sijhawm Askold kev kov yeej pib, pom tau tias nyob rau sab qaum teb lossis sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov nkoj Lavxias. Hmoov tsis zoo, chav kawm ntawm "Asams" tsis paub meej, txij li phau ntawv teev npe tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm nws qhov kev hloov pauv tom qab lub rooj sib tham nrog kev sib cais zaum thib 5, tab sis txawm hais tias tus neeg caij nkoj txuas ntxiv mus rau sab qaum teb, tom qab ntawd, suav nrog kev txav mus los ntawm pawg tub rog Lavxias mus rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob, txoj kev mus rau "Asama" kuj hloov "sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob-sab qaum teb-sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj). Txhua qhov no tso cai rau peb xav tias thaum lub sij hawm ua tiav ntawm "Askold" ob qho kev sib cais thib 5 thiab "Asama" tau nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob (tejzaum yog - sab qaum teb) ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txo qis nyob deb (thiab nws, raws li peb pom tau, ntawm qee kis tsis pub tshaj 25 kab) qhia tias cov nkoj Nyij Pooj tsis mus nruj rau sab hnub tuaj, tab sis mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, uas yog, cov chav kawm sib sau ua ke nrog cov tub rog Lavxias.
Tau kawg, tsis hais Asama nyob qhov twg thaum lub sij hawm Askold txoj kev kov yeej - nyob rau sab qaum teb sab qaum teb, sab qaum teb, lossis txawm tias sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias (nyob rau sab hnub poob, nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem ua tau), qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no sawv cev rau kev sib cav luv luv ntawm cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog suav nrog Retvizan, Peresvet thiab Pobeda, ntxiv rau Poltava thiab, feem ntau yuav yog Tsarevich (raws li cov lus pov thawj ntawm kev tshawb xyuas haujlwm ntawm lub nkoj tus thawj saib xyuas haujlwm loj, tab sis Sevastopol ", Tej zaum, tsis tau tua), txhawb nqa los ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj NK Reitenstein ntawm ib sab, thiab ib qho thiab tsuas yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tiv thaiv niaj hnub no, kev sib ntaus sib tua qub qub thiab ob lub nkoj Japanese uas tsis muaj hnub nyoog tsawg dua. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas "Askold" dhau los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua Lavxias thiab Japanese nkoj. Pom tseeb, qhov no yog qee qhov kev pheej hmoo me me, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov xwm txheej no, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais lus ntawm txhua qhov kev kov yeej: Cov neeg Lavxias muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov rog, uas, alas, tsis tuaj yeem paub.
Hmoov tsis zoo rau peb, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Lavxias rab phom loj hauv ntu no tau ze rau xoom: ntawm txhua lub nkoj Nyij Pooj nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tsuas yog Tuam Tshoj Yen tau txais ob qhov tsoo ntawm qhov tsis paub tab, uas, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qub lub nkoj. "Asama" thiab lwm lub nkoj ntawm kev sib cais thib 5, tsis yog hauv ntu no nkaus xwb, tab sis feem ntau rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tau txais kev puas tsuaj. Qhov no, nyeg, ua rau ob qhov kev txiav txim siab:
1. Tsis muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias cov mos txwv tsoo Chin-Yen raug tshem tawm ntawm Askold;
2. Cov lus piav qhia txog kev tua hluav taws ntawm "Asam" tshwm sim los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm Lavxias cruisers tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov tseeb.
Cov lus nug tshwm sim - leej twg, qhov tseeb, tuaj nrog cov kev sib tsoo thiab hluav taws no ib yam, uas yog "Asama" "nce nrawm dua thiab pib txav mus"? Cov lus teb zoo li pom tseeb: zoo, tau kawg, Rear Admiral N. K. Reitenstein thiab tus thawj coj ntawm "Askold" K. A. Cov kws sau ntawv! Qhov tseeb, nws nyob hauv lawv cov ntawv tshaj tawm tias "Asama" mus tawm tsam "Askold", nws nrog nws tias "Askold" tau sim ua kom ze rau qhov tua kuv, nws yog nws leej twg, blazing, retreats … Yog li, peb tuaj yeem tsuas yog qw: "Au, cov dab neeg dab neeg, huag cov dab neeg no!"?
Yog li, yog, tsis yog li ntawd, thiab lub ntsiab lus yog qhov no. Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm Soviet tau piav qhia qhov kev kov yeej ntawm Askold thiab Novik raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua, thawj zaug nrog Asama thiab tom qab ntawd nrog Yakumo. Tab sis ntawm no yog dab tsi nthuav - yog tias peb nyeem N. K. Reitenstein thiab KA Grammatchikov, peb yuav pom tias lawv piav qhia txog kev sib ntaus nrog tsuas yog ib lub nkoj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv - "Asama". Yog tias peb qhib "Tsov Rog-Japanese Tsov Rog Xyoo 1904-1905" (Kev ua haujlwm ntawm pawg thawj coj keeb kwm piav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub nkoj hauv kev ua rog xyoo 1904-1905 nyob rau hauv Naval General Staff) ntim peb, tom qab ntawd, nyeem cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev nqis tes ua ntawm "Askold", peb yuav pom tias lub nkoj no "tso rau hauv davhlau" "Asama" txawm ua ntej pib ntawm nws txoj kev kov yeej, tab sis thaum lub sijhawm ua tiav, nws tawm tsam nrog tsuas yog ib lub nkoj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv, tsis yog Asama, tab sis Yakumo!
Yog li leej twg tau Askold sib ntaus nrog? Cia peb xam nws tawm. Thiab cia peb pib nrog daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm N. K. Reitenstein rau Viceroy, kos rau lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 1904.
"Pom qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws rau kev kov yeej-nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm peb Takasago-chav cruisers hauv SW (sab qab teb-sab hnub poob), Kuv tau nce kuv qhov nrawm kom hla mus rau ntawm lub qhov ntswg ntawm peb cov kev sib ntaus sib tua … "Rau cov neeg caij nkoj ua raws kuv thiab mus rau qhov kev kov yeej … Askold" tau khiav "Novik" …"
Thiab - uas yog ib txwm muaj - tsis muaj kev ua yeeb yam. Ntawd yog, thaum lub sijhawm thaum "Askold" hla dhau pawg tub rog Lavxias, thaum nws tso txoj kev rov qab los rau sab qab teb, thaum "Novik" tab tom sawv los, taug kev sab laug ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua, tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li ntawd NK Reitenstein tsis suav nrog nws cov nkoj. Qhov tseeb, tsuas yog hais txog qhov tseeb tias "Askold" tau sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, thiab tsis yog ntawm kev lom zem caij nkoj, yog sau cov nkoj Nyij Pooj uas tau tua ntawm lub nkoj Lavxias:
"Thaum ua tiav, Chin-Yen thiab peb lub nkoj Matsushima-chav kawm, nrog rau peb lub nkoj Takasago-chav kawm thiab ib tus neeg caij nkoj nyob nruab nrab, muaj hluav taws kub ntawm Askold."
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv qhov kev tshem tawm thib 5, qhov tseeb, tsuas muaj ob qho "Matsushima", tab sis tsis yog peb - tab sis tsis deb ntawm nws yog "Asama". Puas yog nws tshwm sim uas N. K. Puas yog Reitenstein suav nws hauv ib ntawm Matsushims? Nws hloov tawm qhov laj thawj heev - ntawm ib sab, tus thawj coj tom qab taw tes rau Chin -Yen thiab peb lub nkoj ntxiv (ib qho uas, feem ntau yuav, Asama yog) mus rau qhov sib ntaus sib tua thib peb (peb Takasago) thiab cais kev caij nkoj. Tsis yog Yakumo?
Peb saib daim ntawv qhia ntxiv.
"Ib tus neeg caij nkoj, nyob ntawm sab xis, mus rau sab, ntxiv kev nrawm thiab hla txoj kev ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug, thaiv txoj hauv kev. Los ze rau lub nplhaib, Kuv pom tias nws yog lub nkoj tiv thaiv ntawm Asama chav kawm. Nws twb tau tsaus ntuj lawm, "Novik" ua raws."
Kuv yuav tsum hais tias muaj qhov tsis meej pem tag nrho ntawm no. Pom tseeb, tus neeg caij nkoj ntawm sab xis hla tus Askold tom qab nws tig mus rau sab qab teb nrog Novik. Tsis tas li ntawd - N. K. Reitenstein hais txog qhov no tau ua tiav "los ze zog rau lub nplhaib", uas yog, ze rau pawg thib 3 ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj uas tsim nws. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej no, tus neeg caij nkoj txawv txawv tsis tuaj yeem yog "Asama", tom qab tig mus rau sab qab teb, nws tau tshwm sim ob peb mais tom qab "Askold". Qhov nrawm ntawm "Asama" tsis txaus txaus kom tsis txhob thaiv txoj hauv kev, tab sis tsawg kawg tsuas yog txhawm rau txhawm rau "Askold", uas tau mus txog 20 pob. Tsuas yog cov tub rog caij nkoj uas hla hla Askold tsuas yog thaum lub sijhawm thaum tom kawg tau mus txog qhov sib cais thib 3 yog Yakumo, tab sis lub sijhawm ntawd nws yuav tsum tsis yog rau sab xis, tab sis mus rau sab laug ntawm Askold …
"Nws tau xaj kom coj ncaj qha mus rau Asama, npaj txhua lub tsheb kuv lub tsheb thiab ua kom nrawm dua li cov tshuab tuaj yeem ua tau. Qhov hluav taws kub ceev ntawm "Askold" ntawm cov yeeb ncuab cruisers pom tau ua kev puas tsuaj ntawm peb lub nkoj ntawm "Takasago" chav kawm, thiab ntawm "Asam" nws tau pib tua hluav taws. Tom qab ntawd "Asama" maj nroos tawm ntawm txoj kev mus rau sab laug, mus kom ze rau lub nkoj ntawm qib 2, yog li muab txoj hauv kev rau "Askold", uas coj "Asama" nyob hauv qab lub nkoj. Plaub tus yeeb ncuab rhuav tshem ntawm sab xis pib txav mus, tawm tsam Askold thiab tua 4 lub mines … ".
Yog li peb pom dab tsi? Raws li N. K. Reitenstein, nws cov neeg caij nkoj sib ntaus nrog Asama thiab peb tus dev, tab sis peb paub tias cov dev, uas yog, kev sib ntaus sib tua zaum thib 3 ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nkoj ntawm hom Takasago, tsis tau txhawb los ntawm Asama, tab sis los ntawm Yakumo "! Ntxiv mus, ntu ntu no tau sib haum rau kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv tebchaws nrog Yakumo - peb tau nyeem los ntawm Krestyaninov thiab Molodtsov: "Askold qhov hluav taws kub tau ua rau lub nkoj Takasago -class cruiser puas tsuaj, thiab hluav taws tau tawg ntawm Yakumo, thiab nws tig mus. "Askold" thiab "Novik" tau ploj mus tom qab nws lub zog. Plaub tus neeg tua neeg Nyij Pooj tau pib tawm tsam rau Lavxias cruisers … ".
Ib qhov zoo sib xws, tsis yog nws? Thiab yog tias peb ntxiv rau qhov no ua haujlwm keeb kwm keeb kwm Lavxias ("Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Keeb Kwm")? Hauv qhov kev piav qhia ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm "Askold" peb nyeem:
“Nws txog 7 teev sawv ntxov. 30 feeb. (uas yog, thaum 19.30, thaum "kev hla" ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua tau ua tiav ntev, thiab "Askold" thiab "Novik" tau mus rau sab qab teb). Tus neeg caij nkoj Yakumo tau mus ncaj nraim, tus neeg Nyij Pooj thib 6 sawv ntawm lawv txoj hauv kev, thiab 3 tus neeg caij nkoj ntawm pab pawg thib 3 tau caum lawv … Ntawm tus yeeb ncuab cruiser Yakumo los ntawm cr. "Askold" tau pom hluav taws, thiab lub nkoj no tau txav mus rau sab laug, koom nrog nws qhov kev tshem tawm thib peb … ".
Hauv lwm lo lus, nws zoo ib yam li qhov tseeb tias N. K. Reitenstein tsis lees paub Asama, uas nyob ze rau qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua Nyij Pooj thib 5 (Chin-Yen nrog nws cov phooj ywg), tab sis nws yuam kev Yakumo rau Asama! Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob tshaj qhov tsab xov xwm, peb yuav tsis hais qhia ntxiv txog N. K. Reitenstein, peb tsuas yog ceeb toom tias tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg rhuav tshem, nws tsis muaj cov lus piav qhia txog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Yakumo - Tus Thawj Tub Rog Nkoj hais txog tias lawv tau sim caum nws ntawm txoj kev sib tw ntawm Suma thiab (qhov no yog hais txog qhov raug ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov nkoj Nyij Pooj ntawm Askold), txaus txaus, cov tub rog caij nkoj "Iwate", thiab "Suma" yog tus coj. Tab sis "Askold" tig mus rau "Suma", nws tau khiav tawm thiab cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias tau hla dhau. Tias muaj qee yam kev tua nrog "Iwate", N. K. Reitenstein tsis hais ib lo lus.
Thiab "Tsov Rog-Japanese Tsov Rog Xyoo 1904-1905" ("Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Keeb Kwm") hais txog kev sib ntaus nrog "Asama" li cas? Nws hloov tawm, txawm tias ua ntej qhov kev tawm tsam pib:
"Peb pab pawg tom qab br. "Tsarevich" tau tawm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim rau NW-th lub quarter, tsim, raws li nws yog, tsim ntawm ob npaug pem hauv ntej. "Retvizan" thiab "Pobeda", uas tau ua raws nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog cov yeeb ncuab sib ntaus sib tua, tsis ntev los txog rau pab tub rog. Kev caij nkoj hla kuj tau tig mus rau cov yeeb ncuab, los ntawm lub nkoj thauj khoom "Askold" tau qhib hluav taws ntawm lub nkoj caij nkoj "Asama", uas tau khaws cia cais. Tsis ntev tau pom hluav taws nyob ntawm nws thiab nws tau txav mus."
Peb saib ntawm phau ntawv teev npe "Asams" (kev txhais ua lus Lavxias muaj nyob hauv kab lus los ntawm kev hwm V. Maltsev "Armored cruiser" Asama "hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Cape Shantung, ntu II. Sijhawm ntawm kev koom tes." Cov cav tsis muaj ib qho kev sib ntaus sib tua epic nrog "Askold" tom qab qhov kawg tau mus rau hauv qhov kev kov yeej, tab sis nws muaj cov lus hais txog kev sib cav nrog Lavxias cruisers txawm tias ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej pib.
"7.08 r. M. (18:23 - tom ntej no nyob rau hauv cov sijhawm Lavxias)." Asama "hloov pauv los ntawm kev tig mus rau sab laug, mus rau N., nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm Lavxias cruisers. ntawm 9,000 yards (8229.6 meters).
7.20p ib. m. (18:35). Cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias, pom tias "Asama" tab tom txav mus rau lawv qhov kev taw qhia, pib piav qhia txog kev ncig (hauv qhov kev coj rov qab). Kev lag luam Lavxias rog poob qis ("Poltava") tau qhib hluav taws ntawm "Asam". Ob peb lub plhaub loj poob ze rau lub nkoj, ib ntawm lawv tsis pub ntev tshaj tsib caug yards (45, 72 meters) los ntawm ib sab ntawm lub nkoj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom tias cov foob pob Lavxias tsis tau tawg (thaum poob rau hauv dej) thiab tsis ua rau muaj neeg coob."
Ntawm no peb yuav ncua ib pliag hauv kev hais tawm. Qhov tseeb yog tias tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau hais saum toj no "ncig hauv qhov kev coj rov qab" tsis meej pem nrog kev txav ntawm "Askold" ib puag ncig kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum muaj kev kov yeej. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum "Tsesarevich" nyuam qhuav tawm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tig 180 tus tub rog, "Askold", xav tias qhov no yog qee yam maneuver, tau txav tom qab nws, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, cov neeg caij nkoj ntxiv tau ua raws nws. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd nws tau pom meej tias "Tsarevich" tsis yog tus coj pab tub rog ntxiv lawm, thiab N. K. Reitenstein tig rov qab, yog li piav qhia tag nrho kev ncig. Thiab me ntsis tom qab, thaum Lavxias sib ntaus sib tua tig mus rau Port Arthur, "Askold" rov tig mus rau ib puas thiab yim caum. Cov voj voog no tau piav qhia hauv Asama phau ntawv teev npe. Tab sis rov qab los kawm nws:
"Thaum 7.25 r. M. (18:40)." Asama ", nce mus rau cov neeg Lavxias cruisers ntawm 7,500 yards (6858 metres), tuaj nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws kub hnyiab los ntawm tag nrho plaub lub nkoj thiab nkoj sib ntaus (" Poltava "). Hmoov zoo, tsis yog ib leeg ib lub plhaub plam lub hom phiaj, tab sis tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm lawv tau poob nyob ze, thiab tus thawj coj ntawm lub nkoj, uas tau nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv hav dej, tau ua rau me ntsis plhaub-poob siab (los ntawm qhov projectile nyob ze). 6,800 yards (6,217, 92 meters)."
Thiab tom qab ntawd, ntawm 18.45 "Asama" "ntsib" kev sib ntaus sib tua thib 5, uas peb tau hais los saum no. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws hloov pauv zoo li no - "Asama", nyob rau sab qaum teb -sab hnub poob lossis sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj thiab pom tias lub nkoj cruiser N. K. Reitenstein tig mus rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob, tig mus rau sab qaum teb thiab taug kev hla lawv, koom nrog lawv hauv kev tua hluav taws, uas tseem tau nkag los ntawm Lavxias kev sib ntaus sib tua Poltava, ze rau Asam. Ua tsaug rau cov voj voog uas N. K. Reitenstein "Asama", nyob ze rau sab qaum teb, tswj kom tawg tawm ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias, uas yog, nws tau tso nws tseg kom txog thaum nws ntsib "Chin-Yen" thiab "Matsushimami" nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Lavxias nkoj. Qhov pib ntawm "Askold" kev kov yeej ntawm "Asam" tau kaw tseg hauv kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txij thaum 19.30 (18.45 Lub Sijhawm Lavxias):
"Raws li cov nkoj ntawm pawg thib 5 tau sib cais los ntawm Asam, lawv tau qhib hluav taws tsis tu ncua rau cov neeg caij nkoj Lavxias thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua (Poltava). Qhov no yuam tus neeg caij nkoj tso tseg txoj kev ncig, thiab lawv, huddled hauv ib pawg, mus rau sab qab teb. Twilight sib sib zog nqus sai heev, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau taw qhia qhov tseeb uas tau tshwm sim (nrog Lavxias cruisers)."
Nco ntsoov tias kev txav chaw ntawm "Pallada" thiab "Diana", uas, ua raws cov lus qhia tsis sib xws ntawm NK Reitenstein, tau sim ua lawv qhov chaw thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, tom qab ntawd ua raws "Askold", tom qab ntawd txiav los ntawm kab kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv xaj kom ua raws "Askold", los ntawm sab nraud tuaj yeem hla tau yooj yim rau "pob". Tab sis phau ntawv teev npe ntawm "Asam" ua tim khawv tsis txaus ntseeg tias tom qab "Askold" mus rau qhov kev kov yeej, tom qab nws tig mus rau sab qab teb, "Asam" poob kev sib cuag nrog lawv thiab tsis rov ua nws yav tom ntej. Txhua yam! Tsis muaj lus hais txog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Lavxias cruisers tom qab lawv mus rau qhov kev kov yeej ntawm Asam.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li peb tau pom dhau los, kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov tub rog caij nkoj, uas N. K. Reitenstein tau txiav txim siab "Asama", tau tshwm sim ntau dua li qhov tig ntawm "Askold" thiab "Novik" mus rau sab qab teb, uas yog, cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam "Asama", tab sis lawv yeej tawm tsam nrog "Yakumo". Tab sis tej zaum, hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm "Askold", K. A. Grammatchikova, peb puas yuav pom qee yam uas cuam tshuam nrog peb qhov kev xav?
Yog, nws yeej tsis tshwm sim. Tus thawj coj ntawm lub nkoj "Askold" piav qhia cov xwm txheej raws li hauv qab no:
"Tus thawj ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj, tshem tawm, pom tias cov yeeb ncuab npaj siab los nyob ib puag ncig pab tub rog los ntawm txhua sab … tsa lub teeb liab 'raws kuv qab' thiab … dhau mus nrog cov neeg caij nkoj hla dhau kab ntawm peb pawg tub rog thiab ntawm 17 pob maj nrawm ntawm cov neeg caij nkoj ntawm qib 2, thiab Askold tau raug hluav taws hnyav los ntawm "Matsushima", "Itsukusma", "Hasidate" thiab lub nkoj "Iwate", uas xav nkag mus rau hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis tsis muaj sijhawm los ua qhov no, thiab thaum peb pab tub rog tig rov qab los koom nrog pab pawg ntawm "Matsushima".
Ntawd yog, K. A. Grammatchikov tau piav qhia meej txog qhov ua ntawm "Asama" - nws tau sim ua raws nws cov kev sib ntaus sib tua, tiag tiag tsis muaj sijhawm, tiag tiag tau rov qab (nco ntsoov tig mus rau sab qaum teb tau sau tseg hauv phau ntawv teev npe!) Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, alas, K. A. Grammatchikov tswj kom pom "Itsukushima", uas tseem tsis tau nyob ze (pom tseeb, tsis meej pem nrog "Chin-Yen") thiab txhais "Asama" li "Iwate", uas tsis koom nrog txhua qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Xya Hli 28, 1904 !
"Asama" hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm K. A. Grammatchikova zoo li tshwm sim ntau tom qab, tom qab Askold tig mus rau sab qab teb: "Tom qab dhau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg caij nkoj ntog mus rau sab qab teb, thiab Asama cruiser tau mus rau kev sib tshuam …". Ntxiv mus, qhov kev piav qhia yuav luag rov ua dua daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm N. K. Reitenstein: sib ntaus nrog "Asama", tua hluav taws ntawm tus yeeb ncuab cruiser, "Asama" dodges mus rau sab laug, qhov twg "Askold" mus, vam tias yuav ua rau nws poob nrog kuv li, rhuav tshem kev puas tsuaj thiab … qhov ntawd yog, "Askold" mus rau hauv kev kov yeej.
Yog li, tau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm peb pov tseg, peb los txog qhov xaus:
1. Tsis muaj leej twg nyob ntawm Askold pom qhov kev txav mus los nyob ib puag ncig lawv cov kev sib ntaus sib tua raws li kev kov yeej thiab tsis tau lees tias thaum lub sijhawm nws tus neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau cov yeeb ncuab. Nws tsuas yog sau tseg tias cov nkoj Nyij Pooj ntawm Kev Txiav Txim 5 thiab "Asama" (uas yog NK Reitsenstein, pom tseeb, tswj kom tsis meej pem nrog "Itsukushima", thiab KA …
2. Qhov tshwm sim "tiag tiag", hauv kev xav ntawm Tus Thawj Coj ntawm pab tub rog caij nkoj thiab tus thawj coj ntawm "Askold", pib tsuas yog thaum "Askold" nkag mus sib ntaus nrog cov nkoj nyob rau sab qab teb thiab sab qab teb-sab hnub poob ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias, uas yog, peb tus neeg caij nkoj ntawm "Takasago" chav kawm "Thiab" Yakumo ", uas nyob rau ntawm Lavxias cruiser tau yuam kev rau" Asama ".
3. Lub luag haujlwm yav dhau los uas suav sau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb "Tsov Rog-Japanese Tsov Rog Xyoo 1904-1905", hmoov tsis, tsis nkag siab tag nrho ntawm N. K. Reitenstein thiab KA Grammatchikova. Ntawd yog, nws tau hloov pauv "Asama" nrog "Yakumo" hauv kev piav qhia ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws tau txiav txim siab tias "Asama" tau txais los ntawm "Askold", thiab txawm tias ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej. Qhov yuam kev yog qhov nyuaj piav qhia: yog, Asama tiag tiag muaj hluav taws tiv tauj nrog cov neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias ua ntej qhov kev kov yeej pib, thiab yog, nws tau tawm hauv pab pawg Lavxias mus rau sab qaum teb, tab sis tsuas yog hais txog tias nws tau hlawv tib lub sijhawm yog nyob hauv cov ntawv ceeb toom ntawm cov tub ceev xwm uas nyob ntawm "Askold". Thiab dab tsi yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev cia siab rau lawv, yog tias lub luag haujlwm nws tus kheej xav tias qhov tseeb "Askold" tawm tsam nrog "Yakumo"? Lub luag haujlwm keeb kwm pom tias N. K. Reitsenstein thiab KA Grammatchikov tsis nkag siab qhov xwm txheej ntau uas lawv piav txog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog ib lub nkoj tiv thaiv nkoj, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb "Askold" tawm tsam nrog ob? Puas yog lwm tus neeg hauv pab tub rog Lavxias "pom" qhov hlawv "Asama"?
4. Alas, cov kws tshawb fawb tom qab tsis pib nkag siab qhov xwm txheej no. Qhov tsis zoo, lawv kuj ua rau qhov ua yuam kev ntau ntxiv: tom qab tag nrho, kev ua haujlwm keeb kwm keeb kwm Lavxias, txawm hais tias nws sau "hlawv thiab tig" Asama "mus rau hauv davhlau" mus rau "Askold", txawm li cas los xij, tsawg kawg piav txog qhov xwm txheej no mus rau lub sijhawm ua ntej kev ua tiav ntawm "Askold" Cov. Tab sis nyob rau tom qab Soviet cov peev txheej, peb twb dhau los qhov tseeb tias "Askold" tau tawm tsam thawj zaug nrog "Asama", thiab tom qab ntawd nrog "Yakumo" twb tau dhau los lawm.
Peb yuav ua ncaj ncees rau Tus Thawj Coj ntawm pab tub rog caij nkoj thiab tus thawj coj ntawm "Askold". Raws li qhov tau hais ua ntej, peb tuaj yeem hais tau zoo tias lawv "qhov txhaum" dag tsuas yog qhov tseeb tias lawv yuam kev Yakumo rau Asama, tab sis kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Asama, qhov hluav taws kub ntawm nws thiab kev tshem tawm ntawm lub nkoj tiv thaiv no tsis tau tsim los ntawm lawv ….
