Thaum pib muaj kev tawm tsam hauv Tebchaws Europe, lub phom loj ntawm Askiv cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank yog 2-phaus 40-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank.
2-pounder phom tiv thaiv lub tank hauv kev sib ntaus
Tus qauv ntawm 2-pounder QF 2 pounder cannon tau tsim los ntawm Vickers-Armstrong hauv xyoo 1934. Los ntawm nws cov qauv, nws yog riam phom zoo meej rau nws lub sijhawm. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, ob-phaus tso siab rau lub hauv paus qis hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tsaj, vim tias lub kaum sab xis lub hom phiaj ntawm 360 ° tau ua kom ntseeg tau, thiab lub log tau rub tawm hauv av thiab tsau rau sab ntawm rab phom phom. Tom qab hloov mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus, rab phom tuaj yeem yooj yim tig mus rau txhua qhov chaw, tso cai rau tua ntawm kev txav cov tsheb tiv thaiv lub tsheb mus rau txhua qhov chaw. Ua kom muaj zog ua rau hauv av ntawm cruciform puag nce kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tua, vim tias rab phom tsis "taug kev" tom qab txhua qhov kev tua, ua kom nws lub hom phiaj. Qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub kuj tseem siab heev ua tsaug rau tsom iav tsom iav. Cov neeg coob tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm daim ntaub thaiv tiv thaiv siab, nyob rau sab nraub qaum ntawm lub thawv uas muaj lub plhaub tau txuas.
Thaum lub sijhawm nws tshwm sim, "ob-phaus" yog tej zaum qhov riam phom zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws chav kawm, hla dhau 37-hli German phom tiv thaiv lub tank 3, 7 cm Pak 35/36 hauv ntau qhov tsis. Tib lub sijhawm, hauv kev sib piv nrog ntau rab phom nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, kev tsim ntawm 2-phom phom yog qhov nyuaj heev, ntxiv mus, nws hnyav dua li lwm yam phom tiv thaiv lub tank, qhov phom loj hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog 814 kg ua. Tus nqi hluav taws ntawm rab phom mus txog 22 rds / min.
Lub tswv yim, rab phom txawv ntawm cov siv hauv feem ntau cov tub rog European. Nyob ntawd, cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank yuav tsum tau mus nrog cov tub rog ua ntej, thiab rab phom 2-phaus tau npaj siab yuav raug rho tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv ruaj khov.
Xyoo 1937, rab phom no tau siv los ntawm Belgian, thiab xyoo 1938 los ntawm pab tub rog Askiv. Raws li kev faib tawm hauv tebchaws Askiv, rab phom yog rab phom tua ceev (yog li cov ntawv QF nyob rau hauv lub npe - Quick Firing). Nws siv qee lub sijhawm los ua kom tiav thawj qhov kev kuaj kom ua tiav raws li cov qauv tub rog, xyoo 1939 Mk3 lub tsheb thauj khoom tau pom zoo kawg rau rab phom.
Thawj thawj zaug, kev tiv thaiv lub tank "ob-pounder" tau siv los ntawm pab tub rog Belgian thaum lub sijhawm sim tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam German ntawm Netherlands thiab Belgium thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm pab tub rog Askiv thaum lub sijhawm Fabkis txoj haujlwm.
Cov naj npawb tseem ceeb ntawm "ob-phaus" (ntau dua 500 units) raug pov tseg los ntawm pab tub rog Askiv hauv Fab Kis thaum lub sij hawm khiav tawm ntawm Dunkirk. Cov phom ob-phaus uas tau ntes hauv Dunkirk tau siv los ntawm cov neeg German (suav nrog rau Sab Hnub Poob Sab Hnub Tuaj) raws li lub npe 4, 0 cm Pak 192 (e).
Cov xwm txheej ntawm xyoo 1940 pom tias 2-phaus phom loj dhau lawm. Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank 40mm tsis muaj lub zog nkag mus rau 50mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam. Lawv lub plhaub dhau lub teeb dhau los ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub tank cov txheej txheem, txawm tias cov cuab yeej nkag mus.
Ib rab phom-tho 1, 08-kg projectile uas tawm ntawm rab phom phom ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 850 m / s (txhim kho kev them nqi), ntawm qhov deb ntawm 457 m, nkag mus rau 50-mm homogeneous armor. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov phom uas muaj qhov ua kom zoo ntxiv tau nthuav tawm thaum nws tau pom tseeb tias cov qauv zoo li qub nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 790 m / s, uas muaj cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau ntawm 457 meters 43 hli, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig txaus.
Rau qee qhov tsis paub vim li cas, cov mos txwv thauj khoom ntawm "ob-pounders" feem ntau tsis suav nrog cov tawg tawg uas tuaj yeem tso cov phom loj no mus rau lub hom phiaj uas tsis muaj tub rog (txawm tias qhov tseeb tias cov plhaub zoo li no tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Askiv rau kev xav tau ntawm cov dav hlau tiv thaiv thiab lub fleet).
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau mus rau lub Rau Hli mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, nws tseem tau tsim cov khoom siv kho mob uas muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj peev xwm hnyav txog li 40 mm. Sub-caliber armor-piercing 0, 57-kg projectile Mk II ua ke nrog txuas txuas txuas ntxiv "Liplejohn" nrawm rau 1143 m / s. Txawm li cas los xij, lub teeb sabot projectile tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tsuas yog ntawm "kev tua tus kheej" ze ntawm thaj chaw.
Txog rau xyoo 1942, Cov peev txheej tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Askiv tsis txaus los tsim phom niaj hnub tiv thaiv lub tank. Yog li ntawd, kev tso tawm ntawm 2-pounder QF 2 phom phom tau txuas ntxiv, txawm hais tias lawv tsis muaj kev cia siab.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, hauv North African phiaj los nqis tes ntawm 1941-1942, rab phom 2-pounder tau ua pov thawj tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv German tso tsheb hlau luam. Hauv qhov phiaj xwm no, Askiv tau pib muab lawv tso rau ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom ntawm txoj kev txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau "ob-phaus". Yog lawm, xws li lub tank ua kom tawg pov tseg tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev phom sij heev hauv tshav rog.
Lub chassis ntawm txhua lub log tsav Morris cov tsheb thauj khoom kuj tseem nruab nrog 40-mm Bofors phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, ntawv tso cai tsim khoom uas tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Askiv.
40-mm SPAAG ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom Morris
Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam nyob rau sab qaum teb Africa, ntxiv rau lawv lub hom phiaj ncaj qha, Askiv 40-mm ZSU tau muab kev pab tua hluav taws rau cov tub rog thiab tau tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov tub rog German. Hauv lub luag haujlwm no, lawv tau dhau los ua qhov zoo dua li "ob-phaus". Qhov twg, txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau muaj lub thoob ntev dua, rab phom tsis siv neeg tau ntau zaus zoo dua rau rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank hais txog qhov hluav taws kub, thiab muaj cov tawg tawg nyob hauv cov mos txwv thauj khoom. muaj peev xwm ua kom cov yeeb ncuab tua mos txwv sab nraum qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm rab phom thiab tshuab rab phom.
Cov phom ob-phaus tau siv rau ntawm British thiab Canadian cov tso tsheb hlau luam (suav nrog cov uas tau muab rau USSR thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj nyob hauv qab qhov kev qiv qiv). Tab sis vim qhov pom tseeb ntawm rab phom tsis zoo li lub tank, nws tsis siv ntev. Tsis zoo li tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, "ob-phaus" tau siv thoob plaws hauv kev ua rog.
Tom qab xyoo 1942, rab phom 2 phaus raug tshem tawm ntawm cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank thiab xa mus rau cov tub rog tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov phom no tau siv ua tiav zoo nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tsis muaj zog, tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam kom txog thaum kawg kev ua phem.
Ntxiv rau 40-mm "ob-pounders", thaum pib ua tsov rog, cov tub rog Askiv tiv thaiv lub tank loj muaj tus lej 37-mm Bofors phom tiv thaiv lub tank.
Xyoo 1938, 250 rab phom tau xaj hauv Sweden, uas tsis pub ntau tshaj 100 lub tebchaws ua ntej pib ua tsov rog. Hauv tebchaws Askiv, rab phom tau xaiv Ordnance QF 37 mm Mk I.
Kev tsim phom yog qhov zoo txaus rau nws lub sijhawm. Lub tog raj kheej monoblock, nruab nrog ib lub tshuab tsis siv neeg kab rov tav kab rov tav thiab lub qhov ncauj me me nres, tau teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom nrog lub thav duab thav duab. Cov phom tau raug tshem tawm thiab cov log hlau nrog cov log roj hmab. Cov neeg coob tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm daim ntaub thaiv npog 5 hli tuab, thiab nws sab qis tuaj yeem khawm tau. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm xyoo 1930s, nrov nyob hauv ntau lub tebchaws.
37-mm "Bofors" yuav luag zoo ib yam li 40-mm "ob-pounder" hais txog cov cuab yeej nkag mus. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws mus txog 20 rds / min. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, riam phom hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus hnyav tsuas yog 380 kg, piv txwv li. ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm 2-pounder QF 2 rab phom. Lawv lub cev hnyav thiab kev txav tau zoo ua rau 37mm Swedish cov phom nrov nrog cov tub rog Askiv. Txawm li cas los xij, ob rab phom tau dhau los ua qhov qub tom qab pom cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj.
Txawm hais tias ua ntej muaj kev tawm tsam hauv xyoo 1938, paub txog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm 40 mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank, cov tub rog Askiv tau pib txhim kho tshiab 57 mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tshiab. Ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tshiab tau ua tiav xyoo 1941, tab sis vim tsis muaj peev xwm tsim tau, nws qhov kev nkag mus rau hauv pab tub rog tau qeeb. Kev xa khoom pib tsuas yog thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1942, rab phom hu ua Ordnance QF 6-pounder 7 cwt (lossis yooj yim "rau-pounder").
Kev tsim ntawm rab phom 6-pounder tau yooj yim dua li ntawm 2-pounder. Lub txaj bifurcated muab lub kaum sab xis qhia ntawm 90 °. Muaj ob tus qauv hauv 6-pounder cannon series: Mk II thiab Mk IV (tom kawg muaj lub taub ntim me ntsis ntev dua 50 calibers, tsis zoo li 43 calibers hauv Mk II). Lub txaj ntawm Mk III tau yoog kom haum rau hauv cov dej ntws saum nruab ntug. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus ntawm Mk II hloov kho yog 1140 kg.
Mk II
Lub sijhawm ntawd, "rau-pounder" tau yooj yim daws nrog txhua tus yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Ib rab phom-tho 57-mm projectile uas hnyav 2, 85 kg ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m cog lus khov rau 76-mm armor ntawm lub kaum sab xis 60 °.
Mk IV os
Tab sis xyoo tom ntej, cov neeg German tau txais cov tsheb loj Pz. Kpfw. VI "Tsov" thiab PzKpfw V "Panther". Qhov uas cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej tawv dhau rau rab phom 57-mm. Tom qab tau txais kev tso cai siv riam phom, lub zog ntawm "rau-pounder" tau ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev qhia txog kev txhim kho hom riam phom-tho cov mos txwv (qhov no cuam tshuam rau kev siv phom ntev dua). Thawj ntawm cov no yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv sub-caliber projectile nrog cov hlau-ceramic core. Xyoo 1944, nws tau ua raws los ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov phom loj nrog lub pallet tshem tawm, uas ua rau kom lub zog nkag mus tau zoo dua ntawm rab phom. Tsis tas li ntawd rau rab phom muaj lub foob pob tawg loj tawg rau tsoo lub hom phiaj uas tsis muaj tub rog.
Thawj thawj zaug, 6-phaus phom loj tau siv hauv North Africa, qhov uas lawv tau txais qhov ntsuas tau zoo. Cov phom 57 mm ua tiav ua ke nkag tau zoo rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, lub ntsej muag tsis zoo thiab qhov hnyav tsawg. Ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, nws tuaj yeem rub los ntawm cov tub rog siv phom, thiab cov tub rog jeeps tuaj yeem siv ua tsheb laij teb ntawm cov av ruaj khov. Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 1943, cov phom pib maj mam thim tawm ntawm cov phom loj thiab xa mus rau cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank.
Hauv tag nrho, txij xyoo 1942 txog 1945, ntau tshaj 15,000 rab phom 6 phaus tau tsim, 400 rab phom tau xa mus rau USSR. Sib piv rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank no nrog rab phom Soviet 57-mm ZiS-2, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias rab phom Askiv tau qis dua li ntawm qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws-nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej. Nws nyuaj dua thiab nyuaj dua, yuav luag ob npaug ntawm qhov siv hlau tsis zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim khoom.
Cov tub rog Kaus Lim Qab Teb nrog 57-hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank Mk II, 1950
Hauv lub sijhawm tom qab ua tsov rog, rab phom 6-pounder tseem ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Askiv txog rau thaum 50s lig. Nws tau muab dav rau cov phooj ywg thiab koom nrog ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cheeb tsam.
Qhov pom kev sib txawv thaum ua tsov rog los ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam coj cov tub rog Askiv cov kws tshuaj xyuas kom paub tias rab phom 6-pounder yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov cuab yeej ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab. Nws tau txiav txim siab los pib txhim kho cov neeg tiam tom ntej ntawm 3-nti (76.2 mm) phom tiv thaiv lub tank, tua tsawg kawg 17 phaus (7.65 kg) projectiles.
Thawj qhov piv txwv ntawm 17-phaus phom loj tau npaj rau thaum Lub Yim Hli 1942, tab sis nws siv sijhawm ntev kom tau txais phom mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Tshwj xeeb, muaj teeb meem nrog kev tsim cov phom nqa phom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xav tau rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank tshiab muaj zog heev, Cov neeg txawj ntse hauv tebchaws Askiv tau paub txog lub hom phiaj ntawm cov neeg German kom xa cov tsheb loj Pz. Kpfw. VI "Tsov" mus rau North Africa. Txhawm rau muab cov tub rog tsawg kawg qee qhov riam phom hnyav los tua lawv, 100 rab phom tau thauj mus rau North Africa los ntawm kev thauj dav hlau. Nyob ntawd lawv tau teeb tsa nrawm ntawm lub txaj los ntawm thaj teb 25-pounder howitzers, sib sau ua ke ntawm 17/25-phaus phom loj. Qhov kev siv phom loj no tau los ua lub npe hu ua 17/25-pounder, lossis Pheasant.
17/25-phaus
Phom tau dhau los ua qhov hnyav rau nws qhov muaj peev xwm, tab sis nws ua tiav kev daws teeb meem nrog txoj haujlwm. Txog kev tua, cov foob pob ua phom tiv thaiv nrog lub taub hau ballistic tau siv, uas muaj qhov pib nrawm ntawm 884 m / s. Ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 450 metres, rab phom tau hla 148-mm cov cuab yeej ntawm 90 ° lub rooj sib tham. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kawm zoo tuaj yeem tua yam tsawg 10 teev hauv ib feeb. Cov phom "surrogate" no tau siv txuas ntxiv mus txog rau xyoo 1943, thaum cov phom 17-pounder tau tshwm sim, hu ua Ordnance QF 17-pounder. Cov phom loj 17-pounder uas tuaj txog muaj lub suab qis thiab yooj yim los tswj.
Ordnance QF 17-pounder 17-pounder phom tiv thaiv lub tank
Lub thav duab tau muab faib ua ob hom, nrog ob txhais ceg ntev thiab ob daim thaiv npog npog. Lub phom ntev ntawm rab phom tau nruab nrog lub qhov ncauj nres. Kev suav suav nrog 7 tus neeg. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom mus txog 3000 kg. Txij li thaum Lub Yim Hli 1944, SVDS sub-caliber tshiab lossis cov phiaj xwm APDS tau pib suav nrog hauv cov mos txwv thauj cov phom, txawm hais tias muaj tsawg. Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile yog 3, 588 kg, qhov hnyav ntawm tungsten core - 2,495 kg. Qhov projectile tau tawm ntawm lub thoob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 1200 m / s thiab los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m txhawm rau phaj 190-hli cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis. Thawj qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov foob pob tawg tawg loj siv hauv "kaum xya-phaus" ua tsis tiav. Vim yog lub zog tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub tes tsho, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tuab ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm qhov projectile, txhawm rau txhawm rau zam nws qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev thauj khoom thaum txav mus rau hauv lub tog raj kheej thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov sib xyaw ua kom tiav lub projectile nrog cov khoom tawg kuj tseem me me. Tom qab ntawd, qhov txo qis ntawm cov neeg tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv kev sib tua ua ke nrog lub foob pob tawg loj tawg ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom cov phab ntsa ntawm cov phom loj dua thiab tso cov foob pob ntau ntxiv hauv nws.
Raws li koj paub, qhov tsis zoo yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo. Lub phom 17-phaus hnyav dua thiab hnyav dua li nws 6-phaus neeg ua ntej Nws xav tau lub tsheb laij teb tshwj xeeb rau nws kev thauj mus los thiab tsis tuaj yeem rub los ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm cov tub rog ntawm tshav rog. Lub tsheb laij teb phom loj raws li Crusader lub tank tau siv los rub rau ntawm qhov chaw "mos".
Txog xyoo 1945, rab phom 17-pounder tau dhau los ua tus qauv riam phom ntawm cov tub rog loj thiab tiv thaiv lub roj teeb, qhov uas nws txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm kom txog thaum 50s, ntau rab phom tau xa mus rau pab tub rog Allied.
"Kaum-kaum-phaus" tau ua pov thawj tias yog riam phom zoo rau kev ua tub rog ntawm kev rhuav tshem lub tank thiab tso tsheb hlau luam. Thaum xub thawj, rab phom tau teeb tsa ntawm A30 Challenger cruiser fighter tso tsheb hlau luam tsim tawm hauv cov kab me me. Lub tank no tau tsim los ntawm lub cev ntev ntawm Cromwell lub tank hauv xyoo 1942 thiab, ua tub rog nrog rab phom Askiv tiv thaiv lub zog loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws thaum lub sijhawm, QF 17 lub nra hnyav, tau npaj los muab kev pabcuam tua hluav taws thiab tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv cov tsheb nyob deb.
Tank "Challenger" A30
Ntawm lub chassis ntawm lub tank "Valentine" hauv xyoo 1943, PT ACS "Archer" (Lus Askiv Archer - Archer) tau tso tawm. Cov neeg tsim qauv Vickers tau teeb tsa rab phom 17-pounder nrog lub thoob rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Lub log tsheb sab saum toj uas muaj lub ntsej muag zoo tshaj plaws nrog rau kev teeb tsa lub thav duab pem hauv ntej tau teeb tsa nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsheb uas muaj peev xwm nyob tau, thiab rab phom ntev hle tau rov qab. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov ua tau zoo heev kev rhuav tshem lub tank nrog lub suab qis.
PT ACS "Archer"
Cov phom rov qab tig ntsej tsis yog qhov tsis zoo, txij li Archer feem ntau raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm txoj haujlwm npaj tseg, uas, yog tias tsim nyog, tuaj yeem tawm tam sim ntawd.
Tab sis lub tsheb nto moo tshaj plaws uas siv riam phom no yog M4 Sherman Firefly tank. Lub phom 17-pounder tau teeb tsa ntawm British Army Sherman M4A1 thiab M4A4 tso tsheb hlau luam.
Tus tub rog ntawm US 101st Division tau tshuaj xyuas lub qhov nyob hauv phaj pem hauv ntej ntawm lub khob British Sherman Firefly tank
Thaum lub sijhawm rov txhim kho lub tank, rab phom thiab lub npog ntsej muag tau hloov pauv, lub xov tooj cua tau raug tshem tawm mus rau lub thawv sab nrauv uas tau teeb tsa nyob tom qab ntawm lub turret, tus pab tsav tsheb tau tso tseg (hauv nws qhov chaw yog ib feem ntawm cov mos txwv) thiab chav kawm rab phom tshuab. Ib qho ntxiv, vim yog qhov loj me me ntawm cov thooj nyias nyias, cov txheej txheem khaws cov phom tau hloov pauv, Sherman Firefly turret nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm stowed tig 180 degrees, thiab rab phom phom tau tsau rau ntawm qhov txuas ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm lub cav tsheb. Tag nrho ntawm 699 tso tsheb hlau luam tau hloov pauv, uas nkag mus rau Askiv, Polish, Canadian, Australian thiab New Zealand.
Thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, los hloov 76.2 hli QF 17 lub foob pob, lub zog loj 94 hli tiv thaiv lub tank nrog lub foob pob ntawm 3.7-Inch QF AA phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau tsim. Tab sis muab qhov tseeb tias riam phom tshiab hnyav heev thiab kim heev, thiab kev ua tsov rog nyob ze nws qhov kawg, qhov nyiam tau muab rau 120-mm recoilless gun "BAT" (L1 BAT).
120 hli L1 BAT
Tshaj tawm hauv kev tsim khoom tom qab kev ua tsov rog kawg, "rov tsis muaj zog" zoo ib yam li rab phom loj uas siv lub log tsheb hnyav nrog lub npog npog loj, thiab muaj rab phom phom nrog lub ntsia hlau, mus rau tom kawg ntawm lub taub hau uas tau ntsaws. Lub tais tau tsau rau saum lub taub hau kom yooj yim thauj khoom. Ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub thoob muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau rub phom los ntawm tsheb lossis tsheb laij teb.
Kev tua los ntawm "BAT" tau ua tiav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thauj khoom ib leeg nrog cov cuab yeej ua kom tawg-tawg ntau lub foob pob hluav taws uas nruab nrog lub yas tawg nrog cov cuab yeej nkag mus ntawm 250-300 hli. Qhov ntev ntawm kev tua yog kwv yees li 1 m, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov project yog 12, 84 kg, kev tua tau zoo ntawm cov hom phiaj tiv thaiv phom yog 1000 m.
Tsis zoo li cov neeg German, Askiv siv tsis tau siv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau nruab nrab los tua cov tso tsheb hlau luam, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lawv lub zog 94-mm 3.7-Inch QF AA rab phom tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub tank German.
Thaj, qhov laj thawj yog qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom thiab lub sijhawm xav tau xav tau rau kev xa tawm thiab rov ua haujlwm dua.
Qhov ntau ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank hauv tebchaws Askiv tau ntau zaus tsawg dua li hauv USSR lossis Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Cov phom tiv thaiv tub rog Askiv tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm North African phiaj los nqis tes. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, lawv tau nyob rau ntawm "ntes", qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus hauv cov chav hauv av nrog tus lej "Panzerwaffe" muaj zog tsawg dua tau nqa los ntawm ntau lub tank txawb thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank, raws li txoj cai, tau txuas rau cov tub rog nyob hauv qhov chaw, ntxiv rau kev tua ntawm cov tsheb tiv thaiv, lawv tau muab kev pab tua hluav taws hauv qhov kev ua phem.
Ordnance QF 25 pounder 25-pounder howitzers feem ntau raug rho tawm ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Lub teeb no 87.6 mm howitzer tau raug ntaus nqi ntawm cov riam phom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob vim yog nws qhov hluav taws kub siab, muaj kev txav tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm nws lub plhaub. Muab hais tias cov phom no muaj ntau dua li 6-pounder thiab 17-pounder phom, thiab lub tshuab hnyav hnyav ib nrab ntau npaum li "kaum-yim-phaus", cov phom no muaj ntau txoj hauv kev kom tau raws li cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog German hauv tshav rog.
25 phaus howitzers hauv txoj haujlwm
Cov phom tau nruab nrog lub qhov muag pom los tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab lwm lub hom phiaj thaum tua hluav taws ncaj qha. Cov mos txwv phom suav nrog 20-phaus (9, 1 kg) cov cuab yeej phom-phom nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 530 m / s. Tus nqi tua hluav taws ncaj qha yog 8 rds / min.
Kev ya dav hlau dhau los ua lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam German tom qab Allied tsaws hauv Normandy. Tau raug kev txom nyem loj hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog German tso tsheb hlau luam: PzKpfw IV, Pz. Kpfw. VI "Tsov" thiab PzKpfw V "Panther" thiab rab phom tua tus kheej ntawm lawv lub hauv paus, Askiv tau txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog: thawj txoj haujlwm tau teeb tsa ua ntej lub dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua -foob pob foob pob - los rhuav tshem cov tso tsheb hlau luam German.
Cov kws tsav dav hlau Askiv ntawm Typhoon tus foob pob-foob pob dav siv 60-phaus 152-mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv-foob pob foob pob foob pob tawg loj los tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Lub taub hau hnyav 27, 3 kg muaj rab phom-tho qhov taub ua los ntawm cov hlau tawv thiab muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej tiv taus txog 200 mm tuab ntawm qhov nrug deb li 1 km.
60lb SAP No2 Mk. I cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov foob pob tawg loj hauv qab tis ntawm tus neeg tua rog
Yog tias 60lb SAP No2 Mk. I lub foob pob tau tsoo lub hauv ntej cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm lub tank hnyav, yog tias nws tsis ua rau nws puas tsuaj, tom qab ntawd nws ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj thiab ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog. Nws tau kwv yees tias qhov ua rau tuag ntawm lub tank zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 3 Reich, Michael Wittmann, ua ke nrog nws cov neeg ua haujlwm, raug ntaus hauv qab ntawm nws Tsov los ntawm 60-phaus foob pob los ntawm Typhoon.
Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias ib tus yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus hais los ntawm cov kws tsav dav hlau Askiv txog ntau pua puas leej "Tigers". Kev ua ntawm cov foob pob-foob pob ntawm txoj kab thauj khoom ntawm cov neeg German tau ua tau zoo dua. Muaj kev muaj huab cua zoo tshaj plaws, Cov Phooj Ywg muaj peev xwm ua rau tuag taus cov khoom siv roj thiab mos txwv, yog li txo qis kev sib ntaus kom zoo ntawm cov tub rog German lub tank.
