Xyoo 1914, lub 76, 2-mm "dual-use" Hom 3 rab phom loj tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pab nrog Nyij Pooj.
Tubrog nkoj 76, 2 hli phom hom 3
Thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, cov phom no feem ntau tau txav los ntawm lub nkoj ntawm cov tub rog Nyij Pooj mus rau ntawm ntug dej. Cannons Hom 3 tau nquag siv hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov Islands tuaj. Thiab txawm hais tias kwv yees lawv tuaj yeem tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 10-12 teev / feeb ntawm qhov siab txog li 7000 m, hauv kev xyaum ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tau qis vim tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws thiab cov lus qhia hauv nruab nrab.. Ntawd yog, cov phom no tuaj yeem tua hluav taws xwb.
Thawj rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshwj xeeb hauv Nyij Pooj cov tub rog yog 75-mm Hom 11 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Lub npe ntawm rab phom no qhia tias nws tau saws hauv xyoo 11 ntawm kev ua huab tais Taisho (1922).
Cov nyiaj qiv los ntawm kev tsim qauv txawv teb chaws tau siv rau hauv rab phom, suav nrog ntau qhov chaw theej los ntawm Askiv 76, 2-mm anti-aircraft gun Q. F. 3-in 20cwt.
Anti-aircraft 75-mm rab phom Hom 11
Txawm li cas los xij, vim tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, rab phom tau dhau los ua kim thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom, thiab qhov raug thiab qhov sib tua ntau dhau los ua rau qis. Qhov siab nce mus txog qhov pib ceev ntawm 6, 5-kg projectile 585 m / s tau txog 6500 m. Tag nrho 44 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm hom no raug tua.
Txawm hais tias lawv muaj tus lej me me, Hom 11 phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau koom nrog ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab tseem ua haujlwm kom txog thaum tsawg kawg 1943.
Xyoo 1928, 75-mm Type 88 anti-aircraft gun tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Xyoo 1928 ntawm kev siv rab phom hom 88 los ua haujlwm sib xws rau 2588 "los ntawm kev tsim lub teb chaws". Piv rau Hom 11, qhov no yog rab phom ntau dua, txawm hais tias lub peev xwm tseem zoo ib yam, nws tau zoo dua qub thiab ntau yam rau Hom 11. Cov phom tuaj yeem tua ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov siab txog 9000 m, nrog tus nqi hluav taws ntawm 15 rounds / min.
75-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hom 88
Txawm li cas los xij, riam phom no tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus. Tshwj xeeb tsis yooj yim rau kev siv phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nyob hauv txoj haujlwm sib ntaus yog lub hauv paus txheej txheem raws li kev txhawb nqa tsib nqaj, uas nws yuav tsum tau txav plaub lub txaj sib nrug thiab tshem tawm tsib lub jack. Kev tshem tawm ob lub log thauj kuj tseem siv sijhawm thiab siv zog los ntawm kev suav.
Tab sis qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom tau qhia tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog - nws muaj qhov nce siab me me. Cov phom tiv thaiv hom 88 tau ua rau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau Asmeskas cov foob pob B-17 thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau B-29.
Nyij Pooj 75 hli Hom 88 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntes los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas hauv Guam
Qhov kev cia siab ntawm Nyij Pooj hais kom siv Hom 88 rab phom ua lub zog tiv thaiv lub tank tseem tsis tau ua tiav. Thaum lub sij hawm tsaws ntawm Asmeskas cov tub rog thiab cov cuab yeej siv ntawm cov koog pov txwv ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific, thaj tsam ntug dej hiav txwv tau ua tiav thiab ua siab dawb los ntawm kev siv dav hlau tua hauv av thiab foob pob hluav taws tub rog uas cov phom loj tuaj yeem tsis muaj sia nyob.
Thaum sib ntaus hauv Suav teb, Nyij Pooj tau ntes 75 mm Bofors M29 phom. Tom qab nws tau pom tseeb tias cov phom no zoo tshaj hauv kev pabcuam thiab cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus rau Nyij Pooj Hom 88, nws tau txiav txim siab luam Bofors M29. Kev tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab, xaiv Hom 4, pib thaum kawg xyoo 1943. Qhov siab ntawm lub hom phiaj tua tau nce mus rau 10,000 m. Lub phom nws tus kheej tau siv thev naus laus zis ntau dua thiab yooj yim rau kev xa mus.
75-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hom 4
Vim tias muaj kev tawm tsam tsis tu ncua ntawm Asmeskas cov foob pob thiab muaj cov khoom siv tsis txaus, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau txog 70 75-mm Hom 4 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Txhua tus ntawm lawv tau nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Nyij Pooj cov Islands thiab feem ntau muaj txoj sia nyob mus txog thaum kev swb.
Ntxiv rau nws tus kheej 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, Imperial Nyij Pooj siv pab tub rog Askiv 76, 2-mm QF 3-in 20cwt phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntes hauv Singapore, nrog rau ib daim luam ntawm Asmeskas 76, 2- mm M3 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si ntawm cov phom no thaum kawg ntawm 30s tau suav tias yog qub thiab tsis muaj nqis.
Thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Ob Sino-Nyij Pooj, hauv Nanjing, cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau ntes cov phom German ua 88-mm. Paub txog tias 75-mm Hom 88 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no. Cov thawj coj tub rog Nyij Pooj tau txiav txim siab tso riam phom no rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Nws tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam xyoo 1939 raws li hom Hom 99. Txij xyoo 1939 txog 1945, txog li 1,000 rab phom tau tsim.
88-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hom 99
Hom 99 tiv thaiv dav hlau phom yog qhov zoo tshaj rau 75-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Kev faib ua ntu zus uas hnyav 9 kg tawm ntawm lub thoob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 800 m / s, mus txog qhov siab tshaj li 10,000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws zoo yog 15 teev / feeb.
Rau rab phom 88-hli Hom 99 tiv thaiv dav hlau, kev thauj khoom yooj yim rau kev thauj mus los tsis tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm, yuav tsum tshem cov phom tawm, yog li ntawd 88-mm Hom 99 phom, raws li txoj cai, tau nyob ntawm cov chaw nyob ruaj ruaj raws ntug dej hiav txwv, ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv.
Thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev tawm tsam pib hauv Pacific theatre ntawm kev ua haujlwm, Nyij Pooj txoj kev tiv thaiv huab cua muaj txog 70 100-mm Hom 14 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub).
100-mm anti-aircraft gun Hom 14
Qhov siab ntawm phiaj phiaj rhuav tshem nrog 16-kg Hom 14 projectiles tshaj 10,000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws yog 8-10 rds / min. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog kwv yees li 5000 kg. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev nqis tes tau txhawb los ntawm rau paws, uas tau nce qib los ntawm jacks. Txhawm rau tshem lub log mus thiab xa rab phom mus rau qhov chaw tua, cov neeg ua haujlwm siv sijhawm 45 feeb.
Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus ntawm 100-mm Hom 14 phom hla 75-mm Hom 88 tsis pom tseeb, thiab lawv tus kheej hnyav dua thiab kim dua, thiab sai sai 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hloov 100-mm nyob rau hauv ntau lawm. Thaum ua tsov rog, txhua rab phom ntawm hom no tau siv rau ntawm cov kob Kyushu.
Hauv nruab nrab-30s, ib txhij nrog qhov pib tsim qauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua rhuav tshem hauv Nyij Pooj, kev txhim kho ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab 100-mm pib. Cov tub rog uas twb muaj lawm 127-mm twb tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau vim qhov me me ncav cuag qhov siab thiab tsis txaus tus nqi hluav taws thiab lub hom phiaj ceev.
100-hli rab phom mount ntawm Akizuki-class destroyer
Ib qho kev siv phom loj nrog ob rab phom zoo li no tau muab tso rau hauv xyoo 1938 raws li lub npe Hom 98. Nws tau luam tawm cov kab ntawv ntawm Akizuki-class destroyers. Txog rau kev ua tub rog ntawm cov nkoj loj, ib nrab qhib kev teeb tsa Hom 98 qauv A1 tau tsim, tab sis nws tsuas yog siv rau ntawm Oyodo cruiser thiab Taiho lub dav hlau thauj khoom.
Thaum pib xyoo 1945, rab phom npaj rau kev ua tub rog tsis tiav tau teeb tsa ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv txoj haujlwm nyob ruaj khov los tiv thaiv Asmeskas B-29 cov phiaj xwm foob pob. Cov no tsis yog ntau lub tebchaws Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau rab phom uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tiv thaiv B-29. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tua hluav taws raug txo vim tsis muaj lub plhaub nrog lub xov tooj cua fuse thiab tsis txaus PUAZO thiab cov chaw radar rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj.
Tsis pub dhau lub moj khaum ntawm kev koom tes ua tub rog-thev naus laus zis xyoo 1941, Nyij Pooj tau txais los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj thiab piv txwv ntawm 10.5-cm Flak 38 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau los ntawm Rheinmetall. Cov no yog cov riam phom zoo heev rau lawv lub sijhawm, muaj peev xwm tua ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov siab tshaj 11,000 m. Tab sis vim muaj ntau qhov laj thawj, feem ntau yog vim muaj ntau dhau ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom nrog tub rog xaj thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv raw, lawv cov khoom tsim tawm yeej tsis tau tsim. Raws li Flak 38, Nyij Pooj tau tsim 105 mm Hom 1 phom tiv thaiv lub tank, kev tsim cov khoom uas tau txwv rau ib daim xwb.
Xyoo 1927, 120-mm Hom 10 rab phom (xyoo 10 ntawm kev kav ntawm Emperor Taisho) tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam, uas tau tsim los ua kev tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv thiab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Ua ntej ntawd, tau muaj rab phom ntawm cov tub rog, qee cov phom tub rog tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov dav hlau tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ntau tshaj 2000 Hom 10 phom tau tsim.
120-mm Hom 10 rab phom tau ntes los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas ntawm cov kob Guam
Ib rab phom hnyav 8, 5 tons tau teeb tsa nyob rau qhov chaw ruaj khov. Tus nqi hluav taws - 10-12 ncig / min. Qhov muzzle nrawm ntawm 20 kg projectile yog 825 m / s. Mus txog 10,000 m.
Nyiv 120mm Hom 10 rab phom tau ntes los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas hauv tebchaws Philippines
Xyoo 1943, pib tsim 120mm Hom 3 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Imperial Japanese Army muaj kev cia siab rau rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab. Nws yuav tsum tau hloov 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv kev tsim khoom loj, qhov ua tau zoo uas twb dhau los tsis txaus.
120-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hom 3
Lub 120-mm Hom 3 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau yog ib ntawm ob peb rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau uas tuaj yeem tua tau zoo ntawm B-29 cov foob pob, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov nroog thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv Nyij Pooj.
Cov phiaj xwm tawg tawg uas hnyav 19, 8 kg tau nrawm hauv lub thoob ntev ntawm 6, 71 m (L / 56) txog 830 m / s, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov siab tshaj 12,000 m.
Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom nws tus kheej tau dhau los ua qhov hnyav heev, qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw tua tau ze txog 20 tons, uas txo qis kev txav mus los ntawm lub cev thiab muaj peev xwm txav chaw sai. Cov phom no, raws li txoj cai, tau siv rau ntawm txoj haujlwm nyob ruaj khov. Cov phom feem ntau tau xa mus ncig Tokyo, Osaka thiab Kobe.
Anti-aircraft 120-mm phom Hom 3 ua pov thawj tias ua tau zoo heev, qee lub roj teeb tau txuas nrog radars.
Xyoo 1944, Cov kws tshaj lij Nyij Pooj tau tswj hwm theej thiab teeb tsa kev tsim khoom ntawm Asmeskas SCR-268 radar. Txawm tias ua ntej dhau los, raws li British radars tau ntes hauv Singapore thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1942, kev tsim cov "41" radar tau teeb tsa los tswj cov dav hlau tua hluav taws.
SCR-268 ntawm Guadalcanal. Xyoo 1942
Lub chaw nres tsheb tuaj yeem pom lub dav hlau thiab kho cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau tua hluav taws ntawm kev tawg ntawm thaj tsam li 36 km, nrog qhov raug nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 180 m thiab azimuth ntawm 1, 1 °.
Siv 120mm Hom 3 phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, Nyij Pooj tau tua los yog ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj txog 10 American B-29s. Hmoov zoo rau cov neeg Asmeskas, cov phom no hauv Nyij Pooj txoj kev tiv thaiv huab cua tau txwv. Txij xyoo 1943 txog 1945, tsuas yog kwv yees li 200 rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Tom qab pib ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua los ntawm Asmeskas cov neeg foob pob, Nyij Pooj tau hais kom siv 127-mm Hom 89 rab phom tub rog los ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv av.
127 hli Hom 89 rab phom loj
Riam phom hnyav dua 3 tons hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus tau raug teeb tsa ntawm cov haujlwm ruaj khov. Qhov projectile hnyav 22 kg thiab pib nrawm ntawm 720 m / s tuaj yeem tsoo lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov siab ntawm 9000 m. Tus nqi hluav taws kub yog 8-10 puag ncig / min.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ntau dua 300 127-mm rab phom tau ruaj khov nyob ntawm ntug dej. Feem ntau ntawm lawv tau nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov tub rog hauv paus lossis raws ntug dej hiav txwv, yog li muab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Qee rab phom tau teeb tsa hauv ob lub phom phom tub rog, tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo.
Cov phom loj tshaj plaws Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau yog hom 150-mm 5. Nws tau xav tias yuav muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li 120-mm Hom 3. Nws txoj kev txhim kho pib thaum nws pom tseeb tias B-29 muaj peev xwm ya tau ntawm qhov siab ntawm tshaj 10,000 m.
150-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hom 5
Txhawm rau txuag sijhawm, txoj haujlwm tau ua los ntawm 120-mm Hom 3 rab phom, qhov muaj peev xwm thiab qhov ntev uas tau coj mus rau 150-mm, nrog rau qhov nce ntxiv hauv kev tua thiab lub zog tua hluav taws. Txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav sai heev, tom qab 17 lub hlis rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tshiab tau npaj los tua.
Qhov muzzle nrawm ntawm 41-kg projectile uas tawm ntawm 9 lub thoob yog 930 m / s. Qhov no ua kom lub foob pob ntawm lub hom phiaj nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm 16,000 m. Nrog rau qhov hluav taws kub txog li 10 rds / min.
Ua ntej qhov kev lees paub ntawm Nyij Pooj, tau tsim ob rab phom, uas tau sim ua tiav hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Lawv tau nyob ruaj khov rau ntawm ntug nroog Tokyo, hauv thaj tsam Suginami, qhov chaw thaum Lub Yim Hli 1, 1945, ob lub B-29s raug tua. Txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua phem, Asmeskas cov foob pob tau zam dhau qhov chaw, thiab cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau uas muaj zog tsis muaj sijhawm los ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej.
Hauv Asmeskas cov ntaub ntawv tom qab ua tsov rog ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas qhov xwm txheej no, nws tau hais tias qhov kev tua zoo no feem ntau yog vim qhov tseeb tias ob rab phom no tau txuas nrog Hom 2 kev tswj hluav taws. Nws kuj tseem tau sau tseg tias cov mos txwv ntawm 150-mm Hom 5 rab phom muaj ob zaug lub vojvoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj piv rau 120-mm Hom 3.
Feem ntau, tshuaj xyuas Nyij Pooj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tiv thaiv huab cua tiv thaiv kab ke, ib tus tuaj yeem sau tseg lawv qhov kev sib txawv. Qhov no tsis yooj yim sua tsim teeb meem loj hauv kev muab khoom, kev saib xyuas thiab npaj kev suav. Feem ntau ntawm cov riam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau hais ncaj qha thiab tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no.
Vim tias cov cuab yeej tsis txaus nrog cov tswj kev tua hluav taws thiab cov chaw nres tsheb txhawm rau txhawm rau nrhiav huab cua lub hom phiaj, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Japanese cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tuaj yeem tsuas yog ua lub hom phiaj, tiv thaiv hluav taws.
Kev lag luam Nyij Pooj tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau zoo thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hluav taws hauv qhov xav tau. Ntawm cov thawj coj hauv tebchaws koom nrog Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Nyij Pooj lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua tau hloov pauv me me thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws. Qhov no tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias Asmeskas cov phiaj xwm foob pob tau tawm tsam thaum nruab hnub nrog yuav luag tsis raug cai, rhuav tshem lub nroog Nyij Pooj thiab ua rau lub peev xwm tsim khoom tsis zoo. Lub apotheosis ntawm cov niaj hnub no raids yog nuclear foob pob ntawm Hiroshima thiab Nagasaki.
