Cov txiv neej ib txwm ua si, ncaws pob thiab ua nom ua tswv, "lub ntsiab lus" thiab chess, tsov rog thiab "qhov tseem ceeb," tab sis tsis yog peb lub neej ua si?
Tab sis kuv zaj dab neeg txo hwj chim tsis yog hais txog kev xav ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab ua si. Nws tsuas yog hais txog cov tub rog, uas cov menyuam yaus ua si thiab, zoo li kuv, yuav tsum ua si. Ib tus neeg hloov pauv cov duab thiab xim ntawm lawv cov txee, chevron, lub xub pwg pluaj, txiav lub tsho loj, thiab qee tus neeg tso cov txee rau ntawm lub rooj. Thiab raws li tus heroine ntawm ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab tau hais, tus txiv neej yuav tsum muaj yam haujlwm uas tsis muaj kev phom sij me me.
Ua si nrog cov tub rog lossis khaws lawv yog qhov niaj hnub no, cov duab me me pab kawm keeb kwm, khaub ncaws, riam phom, thiab rov tsim kho kev sib ntaus yav dhau los.
Txij li thaum pib ntawm 80s, Sab Hnub Poob pib tawm tsam cov khoom ua tub rog, suav nrog cov tub rog. Tej zaum cov ncauj lus no muaj feem cuam tshuam rau Sab Hnub Poob, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog peb lub tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev poob qis hauv kev txaus siab hauv cov ncauj lus no ntawm cov menyuam yaus, xinesmas, uas tau txhawb nqa cov ncauj lus no tau ntev, tau tawm ntawm cov tub rog-keeb kwm ntsiab lus. Cov khoos phis tawj tau yooj yim hloov pauv kev ua si los ntawm qhov tiag mus rau lub ntiaj teb virtual. Peb kuj tau poob qis hauv qhov nthwv dej ntawm "kev vam meej".
Thiab yog tias nyob hauv Asmeskas lossis hais tias, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees muaj (thiab tseem yog) cov neeg nyiam sau ntau uas txhawb nqa cov lus qhia no, tom qab 90s tsuas muaj qee leej xwb. Nws zoo li liam - nws rov qab los, thiab cov tub rog rov qab los. Hauv peb lub tebchaws, qhov no yog vim muaj kev txaus siab rau peb tus kheej keeb kwm thiab kev nco thaum yau ntawm cov tub rog Soviet.
Kuv yuav tham txog Viking cov tub rog thiab cov tuam txhab uas tau tsim thiab tsim lawv.
Kev xav me ntsis. Niaj hnub no peb muaj ntau hom kev me me. Cia peb tawm ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm kev npau suav thiab kev ua tsov ua rog tom qab kab zauv. Lawv cov nplai yog 28 thiab 40 mm.
Raws li "cov tub rog" tau muab faib ua VIM - cov tub rog -keeb kwm me me thiab cov tub rog lawv tus kheej.
Tub rog keeb kwm me me
VIM yog kev tsim cov khoom siv hlau, cov nplai ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, tab sis qhov loj me yog 54 hli, txawm hais tias 60 hli, 75 thiab 120 hli kuj tseem tsim. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm VIM yog kev ua tiav ntawm cov duab kom ze li sai tau rau keeb kwm kev muaj tiag, kev kawm tsis meej ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus, cov duab ntawm cov duab tsis nyob hauv qhov zoo li qub, tab sis hauv kev txav. VIM, ntawm chav kawm, tsis cuam tshuam "ua si" hauv nws, cov no yog cov lej rau kev sau lossis khoom plig. Tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob lub tuam txhab Askiv nto npe Britains muaj kab hu ua "Museum Collection".
Tab sis lub tuam txhab los ntawm Yekaterinburg "EK Castings", uas tau muaj txij li xyoo 1995, ua tau zoo heev, pheej yig thiab loj heev VIM. Ntawm qhov tod tes, VIM tsim tawm hauv St. Petersburg los ntawm qee tus kws paub txuj ci zoo thiab cov tuam txhab raug nqi ntau txog $ 25,000 rau ib daim duab. Ntxiv mus, cov no yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv ntiaj teb, lossis theej, lawv teeb tsa lub ntiaj teb no, txog lawv cov nuj nqis peb tuaj yeem hais tias hauv qhov me me lawv ua tiav cov ntsiab lus uas txawm tias cov tub rog nyob hauv tsis muaj.
VIM, ua los ntawm cov tuam txhab lossis tus kws tshaj lij tus kheej, cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov duab me me, dioramas thiab vignettes nrog cov duab ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg, piv txwv li, tsoo. Kev kos duab zoo ntawm keeb kwm raug, nrog rau cov txheej txheem pleev xim tiag, yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txoj haujlwm no. Rau cov neeg tsim cov khoom me me, kev rov kho dua ntawm cov av qias neeg ntawm cov tsho loj ntawm cov neeg raug kaw German thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1943 hauv Stalingrad lossis cov xim ntawm cov xuab zeb thaum Tsov Rog Zama hauv 202 BC yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. NS. Ntau lub tuam txhab ua cov khoob los yog cov ntses ntses rau cov haujlwm no: raws li cov duab ua tiav lossis cov pob zoo, cov cuab yeej, riam phom, phab ntsa thiab vaj tse, tsheb thauj khoom, cov khoom siv zip, lub taub hau nrog cov xim sib txawv ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag thiab ntau, ntau, ntau. Cov khoom me me no tsis tshua muaj ua los ntawm cov hlau, feem ntau ntawm ntau hom khoom siv niaj hnub no, ua kom tawv yas sai, thiab tau kawg, yas. Txhua qhov ntsuas tau siv, yog tias koj xav rov tsim kho kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Solomin, tom qab ntawd nws tsis yooj yim siv qhov ntsuas uas tsis yog 1:72.
Cov tub rog cov khoom ua si
Tab sis rov qab mus rau cov tub rog. Lawv txhais tau hais tias cov duab ua los ntawm ib qho lossis yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv uas tuaj yeem ua si, ua rau kev lom zem, lossis tawm tsam.
Txij li 50s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog yas, lossis hlau, tsis yog txhuas nrog tin, tab sis ZAM (ib qho hlau ntawm zinc, txhuas thiab tooj liab). Hauv USSR, cov tub rog coob tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no: cov neeg tsav nkoj thiab cov tub rog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tus phab ej, thiab lwm yam.
Yog tias peb tham txog kev sau, tom qab ntawd kev hwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam kav ntawm no. Sau los ntawm cov ntsiab lus: Indian nyuj nyoos, Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, qub txeeg qub teg los yog Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab, cov tub rog, tub rog, tub rog Asmeskas, Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, thiab lwm yam. Lub Hoobkas) lossis German "Elastolin".
Qhov loj ntawm cov tub rog yog 54 mm, 60 mm, tsawg dua 75 mm, 40 mm yeej tsis siv, txawm hais tias muaj cov tuam txhab tsim cov tub rog ntawm qhov loj me no ua ntej, piv txwv li, German tuam txhab "Elastolin" thiab nws cov ceg ntoo.
Yog, thiab ib qho tseem ceeb ntxiv: yog tias cov khoom lag luam ua ntej los ntawm cov hlau lead thiab tin tau suav tias yog cov khoom nyuaj los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev tsim khoom, thiab cov tub rog yas yog cov khoom tsis zoo, hauv peb lub sijhawm cov tub rog tau zoo zuj zus tuaj, thiab qee qhov nws tsis qis dua cov duab hlau. thiab tus nqi ntawm cov yas tsim tau sib npaug rau cov hlau, txij li qhov ntim ntau lawm tsis sib piv nrog cov yav dhau los.
Kev pleev xim rau lub ntsej muag tseem yog thev naus laus zis nyuaj vim tias nws tau ua los ntawm tes, tab sis nws yog ib yam los pleev xim me me ntawm VIM kim, lwm qhov yog cov khoom lag luam tsim tawm.
Vikings, heroes los ntawm Scandinavia
Qhov kev txhawb siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txaus siab loj hauv Vikings thiab, raws li, qhov pib ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog loj yog qhov pom ntawm cov tub sab tub nyiag xav tau hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm 50-60s, tshwj xeeb, hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab "Vikings" "xyoo 1958, qhov twg Kirk Douglas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab Tony Curtis.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsom mus rau lub tuam txhab cov khoom ua si loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Louis Marx & Co., lossis "Marx", nws tus tsim Louis Marx tau muaj npe nyob rau xyoo 60s "huab tais cov khoom ua si".
Xyoo 1954, zaj yeeb yaj kiab Prince Valiant, raws li zaj dab neeg, tau tso tawm, qhov uas ib tus phab ej yog Vikings nrog lub suab raj loj loj ntawm lawv lub kaus mom hlau. Lub tuam txhab Marks tau txais daim ntawv tso cai tso cov cim hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab. "Castle Prince Valiant" tau tsim nrog cov tub rog thiab ib tus viking. Ntxiv mus, kev tsim khoom ntawm "Vikings" nthuav dav. Cov Vikings tuaj hauv peb qhov teev: 150 mm (6 ntiv), 60 mm, thiab 54 mm. Muag ob tus kheej thiab hauv cov khoom ua si. Lub tuam txhab pib tsim khoom me me txhawm rau txo tus nqi ntawm cov khoom. Cov Vikings loj tau luam tawm ntawm lawv cov me me: tab sis cov ntawv theej tsis tau rov ua dua. Cov ntawv theej ntawm 60 hli cov duab tau ua xim, luam ntawm 54 hli cov duab yog xim dub, ntsuab.
Cov duab 60 hli thaum ntxov tsis tau pleev xim - ntsuab, hauv 60s lawv tau pib pleev xim, xim tau ua hauv Hong Kong, tom qab ntawd Taiwan, thiab Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Meskas.
Cov tub rog pleev xim tau muag hauv cov khoom siv sib cais, tus kheej, thiab tseem suav nrog hauv cov tub rog ua ntej ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Lo Lus.
Cov duab 54 hli yog lub teeb ntsuab thiab tau suav nrog hauv lub teeb nrog lub chaw tiv thaiv thiab cov tub rog, uas yog cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm Vikings.
Raws li rau Vikings ntawm 8 tus lej ntawm 60 mm loj, lawv kuj tseem muaj cov ntawv theej hauv 35 mm, qhov no kuj yog cov khoom ua si nrog lub chaw tiv thaiv thiab cov yeeb ncuab tub rog, ob qho tib si ntsia thiab ko taw. Ntxiv mus, cov tub rog tsis tau tsim tawm ntawm 60 mm nplai hauv Tebchaws Meskas, tabsis tsuas yog cov ntawv luam zoo sib xws, ntawm 150 mm nplai, tab sis lawv tau muag hauv USSR, qhov twg ob daim duab los ntawm cov khoom no tau dhau los ua lus dab neeg ntawm cov neeg sau khoom.
Lub Tuam Txhab Marks tau tsim cov tub rog hauv Asmeskas, tom qab ntawd hauv Mexico, ntxiv rau hauv Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Askiv (Wells), thiab tom qab ntawd hauv Hong Kong thiab Taiwan.
Cov pwm tau raug xa mus rau ntau qhov kev sib faib ntawm lub tuam txhab.
Kuv pib zaj dab neeg nrog Vikings ntawm "Marx" kuj yog vim li cas lawv lub neej txuas ntxiv, raws li kuv tau sau saum toj no, hauv peb lub tebchaws, nyob rau xyoo 60s lub tuam txhab tau poob lag luam, thiab USSR tau txais cov pwm nrog kev them nyiaj tsis yog nyiaj, tab sis hauv cov khoom. Cov pwm tau pauv mus rau Donetsk, qhov twg cov duab ntawm 60 mm thiab 150 mm tau pib tsim txij li xyoo 1977. Xyoo 1991, nws tau txiav txim siab, vim yog siv cov pwm tsis zoo, kom tsis txhob tsim tawm, tab sis lawv tso tseg kev tsim tawm tsuas yog xyoo 1995.
Vikings DZI, nrog rau lwm yam teeb tsa hauv Asmeskas cov pwm, ua rau cov tub ntawm USSR: loj heev, zoo li los ntawm GDR, tab sis ntau yam ntxaws ntxaws.
Tom qab saib cov yeeb yaj kiab "Vikings", uas tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Union, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua lwm yam. Tab sis, ib txwm, lawv tam sim poob rau hauv qeb ntawm "qhov tsis txaus". Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias txhua qhov teeb tsa suav nrog daim ntawv me nrog luv luv tab sis muaj peev xwm heev keeb kwm yav dhau los.
Thaum kuv nyeem qhov kev xav ntawm tus neeg paub sau cov khoom ua si tub rog uas tsim tawm "raws li Asmeskas qauv" tsis raug, thiab cov tub rog tsim tawm yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau peb thiab peb yuav tsum txhim kho peb tus kheej cov qauv. Nws nyuaj hais qee yam ntawm no, tab sis raws li menyuam yaus, "Donetsk" yog cov tub rog uas kuv nyiam tshaj plaws.
Nyob rau xyoo 80s, lub xyoo pua nees nkaum tau npaj txhij. Moscow "Ogonyok" pib tsim tib Vikings, tab sis nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 6, tsis yog 8 daim. Nyob rau xyoo 90s lig, vim rov xav txog cov tub rog hauv Mexico, 54 mm Viking cov duab tau pib tsim, thiab tom qab ntawd 60 mm. Thiab cov pwm ntawm Donetsk cog tau yuav los ntawm Moscow lub tuam txhab Ark Model, uas ua rau lawv txog niaj hnub no.
Lub neej ntawm "Marx" txuas ntxiv, yog li xyoo no Moscow tuam txhab "ALEX-Moscow": kev xyuas tsim tawm qhov txwv ntawm 75mm Vikings, qhov tseeb ua piv txwv ntawm 150mm Asmeskas-ua cov tub rog.
Hauv 50s thiab 70s, xinesmas tau tsim cov duab Viking - cov tub rog tawv tawv hnav cov tawv lossis tawv, nrog ob txhais ceg liab qab thiab menyuam yaj qhwv hauv pluab. Nws yuav luag tsis muaj riam phom tiv thaiv, tab sis txhua lub kaus mom hlau tau nrog tis lossis raj. Nov yog qhov kev siv Vikings ntawm "Marks" lub tuam txhab saib, cov yam ntxwv lossis lub cev uas tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv ntau daim duab uas tau muaj sia nyob rau peb hnub.
Lub tuam txhab tom ntej los tham txog yog "Timpo Cov Khoom Ua Si", yog ib tus thawj coj hauv tebchaws Askiv rau kev tsim cov tub rog, uas tau poob nyiaj xyoo 1979. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb yog kev tsim cov tub rog sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev hloov pauv sib txawv. Kev siv tshuab swoppet (sib pauv) yog qhov tsim khoom ntawm Herald Company xyoo 1958. Thaum pib, cov khoom tau tsim cais thiab pleev xim los ntawm txhais tes, cov txheej txheem siv niaj hnub no los ntawm DSG. Xyoo 1962-63, tau siv lub thev naus laus zis tshiab, cov khoom raug pov los ntawm yas yas thiab tsis tas yuav tsum pleev xim. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas ua ntej kev poob nyiaj hauv xyoo 1978, lub tuam txhab cov kws tsim khoom tau tsim lub tshuab uas tau sib sau ua tub rog los ntawm ntau yam xim.
Kuv ib txwm ntseeg tias lawv tau xaiv los ntawm tes, vim tias qib kev siv tshuab no nyuaj rau xav.
Niaj hnub no Timpo yog qhov kim heev, tus kheej cov ntawv luam ntawm Vikings - $ 300-500, txawm hais tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab muag hauv ntau lub tebchaws.
Lub tuam txhab tsim Vikings hauv 54mm nplai. Cov neeg caij Viking muaj nees npog nrog ob daim pam thiab tawv tawv. Nws nyuaj hais tias puas muaj keeb kwm keeb kwm ntawm cov pam-tawv, tab sis cov nees ntawm Cov Neeg Saib Xyuas Lus Askiv niaj hnub no tau npog nrog cov tawv yaj, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tsis ntev los no tso tawm TV series "The Last Kingdom", zoo nkauj heev muab nrog tinted qhov muag los ntawm lub sijhawm Albert Great caij nees, npog nrog tawv.
Lwm lub tuam txhab Askiv, "Cherilea" cov, uas tau tshwm sim tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab tuag nyob rau xyoo 80, tsis yog tsim Vikings nkaus xwb ntawm 60 mm, tab sis kuj yog Saxons - lawv cov neeg sib tw. Thaum xub thawj, Vikings tau pleev xim, tom qab muag yam tsis muaj xim. Cov chaw tsim khoom tau them khoom plig rau cov cim kev coj noj coj ua: Viking cov tub rog tau ua txhua yam nrog lub suab raj thiab tis, tsis zoo li Saxons, uas nws lub kaus mom hlau tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo nyob hauv txhua txoj kev.
Muaj tseeb, tam sim no kev tshaj tawm tshiab ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv lub npe no tau pib. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog lub tuam txhab Spanish. "Yecsan", hauv 50-80 xyoo. Xyoo pua XX tus thawj coj tsim cov khoom ua si tub rog hauv Spain nrog rau "Reamsa". Teeb ntawm Jecsan Vikings suav nrog 12 tus lej, xim, ua los ntawm roj hmab, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd lub kaus mom hlau tau tshem tau. Txhua tus tub rog uas tau tsim tawm txij xyoo 1959 yog 60 mm loj. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau pib tsim los ntawm cov yas ib xim, thiab tom qab ntawd PVC. Tau kawg, lawv txhua tus muaj suab raj, "cov neeg siv khoom" yuav tsis nkag siab lwm hom Vikings.
Thiab ntawm no yog lub tuam txhab Italian "Qaum" los ntawm Bologna txij thaum pib ntawm 70s nws tau tsim ob qho tib si nws tus kheej cov tub rog thiab cov ntawv theej ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj npe zoo. Nws tso ob pawg Vikings, 6 daim rau ib qho, qhov loj 70 mm: ib txheej yog qhov qub, ua los ntawm tus kws txua ntoo E. Sominetti, hauv lwm qhov nws ua peb Vikings, thiab peb tau theej los ntawm Gauls ntawm Elastolin lub tuam txhab. Thiab yog tias "Gauls" - vikings, ua los ntawm cov neeg German - yog cov sib ntaus sib tua nyuaj, tom qab ntawd cov neeg Italians tso lawv cov duab nyob rau hauv qhov txawv txav, style baroque.
Niaj hnub nimno Argentine tuam txhab "TSI DSG", uas tau txais daim ntawv tso cai rau kev tsim cov khoom ua si tub rog los ntawm nto moo British Britains, tsim thawj Vikings, tab sis … nrog horns ntawm lawv lub kaus mom hlau.
Qhov no yog qhov kev txhim kho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, los ntawm txoj kev, ob peb xyoos dhau los ntawm Vikings, cov neeg Argentines tso cov tub rog ntawm xyoo pua puv 19. Nplai - 54 mm, cov duab, ob tus nees thiab ko taw, ntawm lawv muaj ib tus poj niam tub rog. Muaj qee cov duab tsis tau pleev xim, tab sis DSG tsuas yog muag cov xim.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais txog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj tawm ntawm Viking teeb hauv 54 mm nplai los ntawm cov tuam txhab Askiv ntawm cov qauv sib dhos thiab cov duab ntawm 1:72 nplai, "Ehem" … Kuv yuav hais - lawv muaj Vikings siv, uas lawv nyob hauv lub siab ntawm feem coob. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias ntau tus lej hauv kev tso, theej ntawm Vikings Marx ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 54 mm, tab sis, tau kawg, hauv qhov zoo dua "lub cev khoom siv" rau riam phom thiab khoom siv. Thaum tsis muaj Viking lub kaus mom tiag tiag, txhua lub kaus mom hlau yog nyob hauv Wendel style.
Conte Collectibles, lub tuam txhab Canadian me me uas tau tsim thiab tsim ntau pawg hauv qhov loj me ntawm 54 mm: Vikings, Saxons thiab Normans raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm "Conquest of England". Lawv kuj tsim cov ntawv txwv "Sib ntaus ntawm Stamford Choj", "Normans" thiab, xyoo 2001, Viking nkoj, txawm hais tias cov neeg caij nkoj hla nws tau ua los ntawm cov hlau.
Vikings thiab lwm tus tub rog tau ua nrog qib siab ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab qhov tseeb, los ntawm cov yas yas, lawv cov duab yog qhov qub thiab tsis zoo li qub. Nws zoo li kuv tias, tsis zoo li Marx, tus kws kos duab ntawm lub tuam txhab sim ua kom tsis txhob ua tus neeg siab phem, txhua tus duab slouch me ntsis, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem siv los tsim "phab ntsa ntawm daim thaiv" zoo heev.
Conte tsim VIM hauv hlau thiab xim, qee cov duab sib tshooj nrog lawv tus kheej cov tub rog, tab sis tus nqi sib txawv ntawm qhov tom kawg. Hauv kev txwv tsawg, cov neeg caij tsheb tau ua los ntawm cov hlau, tag nrho cov seem tau ua los ntawm roj hmab.
Ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev, nws tsim nyog hais txog, ntxiv rau cov tuam txhab tsim Vikings ua rau Marx pwm, hais txog lub tuam txhab los ntawm Gelendzhik. "Tus kws tshaj lij" - Nws tsim cov khoom ua tub rog, suav nrog Vikings, uas yog ib feem ntawm nws lub luag haujlwm ua si. Vikings, ntawm chav kawm, muaj raj.
Kaum xyoo dhau los, lub tuam txhab St. Petersburg "Cov tub rog ntawm Publius" tso tawm thawj Vikings tiaj tus los ntawm TsAM, nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm tiaj tus Soviet heroes.
Tom qab ntawd, peb pawg Vikings tau tso tawm thawj qhov ua rau ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm 60 hli. Hnub no lub tuam txhab tsim ob pawg thiab ntau tus neeg Viking cov tub rog ua los ntawm cov yas mos. Thaum ua cov duab puab, lawv tsom mus rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev rov tsim kho riam phom thiab khoom siv los ntawm kev tshaj tawm tsev xws li Osprey. Lawv lub ntsej muag zoo sib xws rau lub tswv yim niaj hnub ntawm qhov pom ntawm Scandinavians, koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab dai nrog "Thor tus hammers".
Qhov Vikings nyob qhov twg, muaj lawv cov neeg sib tw. Lawv cov neeg sib tw tsis zoo sawv cev ntawm cov tub rog, tab sis cov neeg ua tiav ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm hauv tebchaws Askiv, Normans, cov tub rog tsim khoom tsis quav ntsej, peb yuav qhia txog qhov no hauv ntu txuas ntxiv.
