Txoj cai
Kab lus no txuas mus ntxiv txog kev siv riam phom Slavic thaum ntxov.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv paub zoo los ntawm kev sau thiab keeb kwm keeb kwm, kev tshuaj xyuas keeb kwm keeb kwm niaj hnub no, peb siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov dab neeg, dab neeg dab neeg, txij li nyob rau theem no ntawm kev txhim kho hauv zej zog, riam phom, ntxiv rau kev nkag siab siv tau yooj yim, tau txais cov ntawv luam tawm. ntawm tus tib neeg lub hlwb kev sawv cev ntawm pab pawg neeg.
Taw qhia
Cov hmuv yog riam phom qub tshaj plaws thiab riam phom tua tsiaj. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lo lus "hmuv" hais txog lub sijhawm Proto-Slavic, nws yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm lawv tus kheej kev hloov pauv morphological ntawm Proto-Slavs.
Nrog rau hmuv, lwm lub npe rau riam phom no kuj tau siv ua lus Slavic.
Oskop - ib zaug tau hais hauv Ipatiev Chronicle, ib hom hmuv nyob rau hauv 1123, thaum xub thawj yog cov ceg txheem ntseeg (L. Niederle, Ipatiev Chronicle). Oskep, lossis oshchep, yog lub npe ntawm hmuv, uas tau siv ntau dua ntawm Western Slavs.
Muaj kev kwv yees hais txog qhov muaj cov ceg txheem uas raug rho tawm ntawm cov Slavs, uas tseem tau siv nyob rau xyoo pua 6. thiab nrog qhov "ntau (tsis yog tub rog) ntawm cov txiv neej" tau ua tub rog thiab ua ntej uas "tsis muaj ntaub thaiv npog lossis lub plhaub" tuaj yeem tiv taus (Polyakov AS).
Ostrog yog lo lus uas tseem hais txog keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm Slavs.
Cov npe qub rau hmuv kuj yog "bodilo" thiab "yug", ob qho tib si rov qab mus rau lub suab raj, lub raj mis ntawm tus nyuj, uas yog (zoo li) cuam tshuam nrog riam phom uas tuaj yeem muaj lub suab nrov ntawm qhov taub. Yog li cov lus hais: "tsis thov teeb meem" (Odintsov GF).
Cov ntaub ntawv sau thaum ntxov qhia peb txog cov cuab yeej tsis muaj zog ntawm Slavs, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lawv, yam tsawg kawg rau lub sijhawm xyoo pua 6, yog rab hmuv.
Pawg neeg haiv neeg ntawm Slavs thiab riam phom
Qhov no lossis riam phom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau theem keeb kwm thaum ntxov, qhia txog lub xeev ntawm tib neeg. Cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thiab nyiaj txiag ntawm cov neeg Slavs thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 6. tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv nrog kev sib raug zoo ntawm pab pawg neeg thiab qib qis ntawm cov khoom siv kab lis kev cai. Qhov tsis muaj kev sib cais hauv zej zog tsis tso cai rau peb tham txog txhua yam kev sib cais ntawm cov tub rog tshaj lij lossis cov tub rog tshaj lij. Nws yog qhov tsis yooj yim sua kom pom zoo nrog kev sim nrhiav cov qauv no hauv Slavic zej zog nyob rau lub sijhawm peb tab tom txiav txim siab (uas peb tau sau txog hauv peb cov haujlwm dhau los ntawm "VO").
Pov hmuv lossis hmuv yog qhov tseem ceeb, ib tus tuaj yeem hais, riam phom epic ntawm cov tib neeg nyob rau theem ntawm kev txhim kho no. Nws yog nyob rau hauv kev muab rab hmuv, tsoo lub hom phiaj, tias lub siab nyiam ntawm cov vaj tswv thiab txoj hmoo ntawm tus uas siv nws tau pom meej meej (Khlevov AA).
Tus hero Gothic hauv kev sib ntaus nrog Huns hauv "Nkauj ntawm Chlode" ntawm "Txwj Laug Edda" hais tias:
Cia Odin ncaj qha
Tus hmuv, raws li kuv tau hais!
Nws yog nrog cov riam phom no uas yug los ntawm ib tus tub rog los ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov tau ua tiav. Los ntawm txoj kev, ntaj yog lub cim ntawm kev sib cav ntawm riam phom ntawm lwm lub sijhawm hauv kev txhim kho zej zog.
Tau kawg, hauv cov xwm txheej keeb kwm sib txawv nrog kev qiv nyiaj tshwj xeeb ntawm riam phom niaj hnub no, qhov xwm txheej sib txawv. Cov Neeg Khab ntawm North America, sawv ntawm theem sib txawv ntawm cov pab pawg neeg, tau txais caj npab me me thiab nees, uas tau nce qib ntawm lawv cov riam phom, tab sis tsis tau pab me ntsis hauv kev sib tsoo nrog zej zog nyob rau theem siab ntawm kev txhim kho.
Yog tias peb tham txog qhov xwm txheej hauv Tebchaws Europe thaum lub sijhawm 6th-10th caug xyoo, tom qab ntawd qee yam riam phom, hauv peb lub tswv yim, cuam tshuam txog theem kev txhim kho, kev hloov pauv uas peb tsis tuaj yeem taug qab hauv cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws.
Raws li rau Slavs thaum ntxov, cov peev txheej tsis muab peb cov ntaub ntawv hais txog hmuv raws li lub cim tshwj xeeb thiab cim ntawm kev txhim kho hauv zej zog thiab nws cov tub rog. Tsis zoo li lwm hom riam phom, tab sis ntau ntxiv tom qab ntawd.
Nws yog qhov xwm txheej tau piav qhia tias peb pom cov riam phom me me ntawm Slavs, uas lawv tau tshwm sim ntawm ciam teb ntawm Byzantium. Procopius ntawm Caesarea sau txog qhov no hauv 50-60s. VI caug xyoo
Slavic ntuav riam phom
Txhawm rau xaiv Slavic hmuv, Procopius siv lub sijhawm acontia (ακόντιον). Qee tus kws sau ntawv txhais nws ua lus Lavxias raws li rab ntaj, lwm tus yog rab hmuv.
Cov lus piav qhia tib yam ntawm riam phom ntawm Slavs thaum ntxov yog muab los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Procopius, John ntawm Efexaus, uas tau sau nws keeb kwm yuav luag txog thaum nws tuag xyoo 586.
Nws tau tshaj tawm tias cov riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm Slavs yog ob lossis peb rab hmuv. Cov riam phom no, hauv nws lub tswv yim, yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb kom txog thaum 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua 6. Tab sis los ntawm lub sijhawm no, cov Slavs tau siv riam phom Roman Sab Hnub Tuaj, raws li tau tham hauv qab no.
Nws siv lub npe Lonhadia (λογχάδία). Kev txhais lus, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nws qhov tseem ceeb, zoo li "hmuv" (Serikov NI).
Kuv xav tias lo lus no tsis siv los ntawm John los ntawm kev sib tsoo, nws rov qab mus rau lonche (λόγχή) hauv Greek, lossis lancea hauv Latin. Cov hmuv no kuj tseem siv ua qhov ntuav: cov tub rog ntawm Lanciarii tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev muab hmuv. Thiab qee qhov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lanciarii, tau kawg, tau poob ntev lawv qhov tshwj xeeb, muaj txoj sia nyob mus txog rau xyoo pua 6.
Peb nyob deb ntawm kev xav txog kev sau ntawv rau John ntawm Efexaus lub tsev ntawm cov phiaj xwm zoo li no, tab sis tej zaum lub npe nws siv tau tsim tau zoo. Hauv qhov no, lonhadia yog rab ntaj ntab luv dua li lonha.
Tus sau "Strategicon" muab cov lus piav qhia tib yam ntawm Slavic luam ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo lig, tej zaum yog pib ntawm xyoo pua 7th.
Nws, sau cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau cov tub rog siv phom me (psilla), tso rau ib sab ntawm nws ib sab thiab "Sklavin-type dart" (Σκλαβινίσκια Σκλαβινίσκια). Byzantine psillas yuav tsum tau siv berites.
Berite (berita) yog rab hmuv ntuav luv luv, loj dua qhov dart thiab txawv ntawm aconist dart (άκόντιον (singular)). Tab sis tsawg tshaj li qhov muab pov rau ib sab.
Los ntawm Latin veru, verutus. Raws li Vegetius, qhov ntev ntawm lub taub hau yog 5/12 Roman taw ≈ 12.3 cm, qhov ntev ntawm tus ncej yog 3.5 feet ≈ 103 cm.
Peb tsis paub yuav ua li cas qhov taub ntawm verut ntsia thiab nws txawv li cas ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm darts, tab sis peb pom tias nws qhov loj me me heev.
Cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm P. Connolly yog qhov kev nthuav qhia thiab tsis yog sau los ntawm cov xub xub ntawm tag nrho cov spectrum ntawm cov ntawv me me uas pom muaj coob tus nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm Roman pab tub rog, piv txwv li, hauv qhov chaw ntawm legions cov chaw pw hav zoov. Tam sim no, pom ntawm cov xub xub me tuaj yeem tsuas yog faib raws li lawv qhov loj me.
Lub sij hawm "berite" yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov qub tshaj plaws, XII ib feem ntawm "Strategicon", thiab lub npe lus Latin no maj mam muab txoj hauv kev rau Greek, cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub no (V. V. Kuchma).
Hauv "Tactics" ntawm Leo VI the Wise (870-912), cov riam phom zoo sib xws, nruab nrab nruab nrab ntawm rab phom thiab rab hmuv puv, hu ua riktaria (ρικτάριον):
"… viritas, uas yog hu ua riktarii."
Leo VI sau ncaj qha tias Slavs tau ua tub rog nrog cov neeg riktarians.
Qhov xav tau rau kev siv riam phom ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze, ua nws Moorish javelins lossis hmuv ntawm Slavs, tau hais los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua phem. Tus sau "Strategicon" qhia txog qhov no hauv nws cov lus qhia:
Koj yuav tsum paub tias hauv hav zoov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom acrylic aconsists ลง hauv cov hav txwv yeem ntau dua, yog li koj yuav tsum tau kawm txog kev siv berite thiab darts.
Akonists, lossis acontobolists (John Lead), yog hom tub rog nruab nrab ntawm cov tub rog hnyav thiab siv phom me, tsis yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm cov neeg Loos, tab sis tshwm sim vim yog kev sib ntaus tshwj xeeb, thaum siv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tu ncua guerrilla tsov rog-raid ua tsis tau. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias lawv lub npe los ntawm dart, lawv tsis tas li muaj riam phom, zoo li psils, tab sis nrog hmuv rau ntuav thiab, tej zaum, darts (Kuchma V. V.).
Cov Slavs, nws cov txuj ci hauv kev ua tsov rog hauv hav zoov yog ntuj, yog rab hmuv zoo heev. Agathius ntawm Mirinei tau piav qhia qhov xwm txheej tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Byzantines thiab Iranians hauv 555:
… qee yam Svaruna los ntawm lub npe, Slav los ntawm keeb kwm, cuam rab hmuv rau ntawm tus uas tsis muaj sijhawm los nkaum tom qab thiab ntaus nws tuag. Tam sim ntawd tus vaub kib quivered thiab, tawg, tawg. Cov neeg uas tau yooj yim tua los ntawm cov neeg Loos, tsoo lawv nrog hmuv, qhib thiab tau tawm mus yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Kev siv phom hnyav yog qhov cim ntawm kev sib ntaus nyob rau lub sijhawm no:
Rau nws [tus nees. - V. E.] thiab Belisarius, feem ntau ntawm Goths tau sim ntaus nrog cov darts thiab lwm yam riam phom pov rau hauv qab no. Cov neeg khiav tawm, uas tau hla mus rau sab Goths hnub ua ntej, pom Belisarius sib ntaus sib tua ua ntej thiab paub tias yog nws tuag, tom qab ntawd kev lag luam tag nrho ntawm cov neeg Loos yuav tuag tam sim ntawd, pib qw, yuam kom lawv sim mus tsoo tus nees piebald.
Thiab ntawm cov Slavs, ntuav riam phom yog qhov tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, Slav Svarun, uas tawm tsam cov Loos nyob ib puag ncig, siv cov txuj ci no, deftly thiab raug pov cov hmuv (δόρυ) ntawm lub hom phiaj.
Xyoo 594, tshem tawm Slavs, puag ncig hauv lub tsheb laij teb ruaj khov (Karagon lossis Wagenburg), txawj sib ntaus tawm tsam cov neeg Loos nrog kev pab cuam ntawm ntuav javelins (ακόντια), ntaus cov nees ntawm Loos, thiab tsuas yog kev txiav txim siab ntawm Byzantine tus thawj coj tau tso cai rau stratiots txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov Slavs.
Xyoo 677, thaum lub nroog Thessalonica raug kaw, tus sau The Miracles of St.
Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias, nrog rau kev ntuav ntuav luv luv, Cov Slavs tuaj yeem siv cov javelins loj dua. Nws tuaj yeem xav tias lawv cov lej tau nce txij thaum pib ntawm xyoo pua 7. nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm pab pawg haiv neeg thiab xeev uas Slavs muaj kev sib cav thiab kev sib cuag.
Cov hmuv Slavic (λόγχή) tau hais thaum lub sij hawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm 10-20s ntawm 7th xyoo pua. Thessaloniki ntawm ChDS. Muaj pov thawj ncaj qha txog kev siv hmuv los ntawm Slavs thaum sib ntaus sib tua hauv toj siab ze Friul hauv 705 ntawm Paul Deacon.
Tab sis cov riam phom "hauv tebchaws" ntawm Slavs thoob plaws lub xyoo pua thib 6, thiab, feem ntau yuav yog xyoo pua 7, yog rab hmuv me me, me dua li rab hmuv zoo tib yam, tab sis ntev dua thiab ntau dua. Vasilevs Leo VI the Wise, tseem paub zoo txog cov Slavs niaj hnub ntawm lub xyoo pua 9th, tsis sau txog lwm yam riam phom, tshwj tsis yog cov uas tau hais hauv Mauritius, tsuas yog qhia nws, raws li peb tau hais los saum no, hauv cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub no.
Nrog rau qhov no, peb paub cov ethnos, uas nws "riam phom" hauv tebchaws yog tus hmuv ntev - qhov no yog Goths.
Kev siv qhov no lossis hom riam phom nyob ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm pab pawg neeg sib txawv ntawm Slavs.
Kev siv tib lub riam phom, rab hmuv luv, los ntawm ob qho tib si Antae thiab Sklavins, qhia tias cov khoom siv qis ntawm cov pab pawg neeg no hauv lub xyoo pua 6, uas tau lees paub txog keeb kwm. Nws kuj ua tim khawv tias haiv neeg no tsis tau dhau mus rau theem "nthuav dav", siv cov cuab yeej tua tsiaj ua riam phom.
Ib rab hmuv puv nkaus yog rab riam phom. Raws li ib feem ntawm Slavs dhau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm VI xyoo pua. thiab thoob plaws xyoo VII. los ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab kev ua tub rog tub rog mus rau kev txeeb chaw ntawm thaj av, kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov chaw tiv thaiv thiab nroog, riam phom kuj tseem hloov pauv.
Archaeology txog Slavic hmuv
Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm tsis muab rau peb lub tswv yim txaus ntawm Slavic riam phom.
Qhov tseeb no yuam cov kws tshawb fawb los ua cov lus dav dav tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm Eurasia. Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi tsis raug nrog qhov no thiab cov txheej txheem no yog qhov siv tau yog tias nws tau siv thaum muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm dav dav, piv txwv li, zoo li hauv Lombard cov duab ntawm lub sijhawm no thiab lawv sib piv nrog kev tshawb pom keeb kwm ntawm Avar riam phom.
Ob peb pom ntawm Slavic tus hmuv tau muab cais ua plaub pawg. Daim duab zoo li no:
1. Ntsis nrog cov nplooj zoo li lub taub los yog rhomboid, raws li lwm qhov kev faib tawm - lanceolate.
2. Qhov me me zoo li rab diav (nrog rau cov hniav) cov lus qhia (angona).
3. Cov lus qhia me me nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nplooj nplooj.
4. Cov lus qhia me me nrog ntu ntu (Kazansky MM).
Hom 1 thiab 2 - socketed, hom 3 thiab 4 - petiolate. Thawj hom tau pom nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv Tebchaws Europe; nyob rau hauv cov kab lis kev cai qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Slavs, rau rau lub xub xub thawj. Ob qho ntxiv ntawm tib rab hmuv tau nyob hauv qhov khaws cia los ntawm Koloskov ntawm Stary Oskol (Rybakov BA, Lyapushkin I. I., Shuvalov P. V.).
Qhov nruab nrab qhov ntev ntawm cov lus qhia no yog qhov loj me me li ntawm 21 cm (20-25 cm), ib nrab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ib lub tes tsho. Rau kev sib piv: cov lus qhia ntawm steppe peaks ntawm lub sijhawm no yog qhov loj me.
Hauv peb qhov kev xav, cov lus qhia los ntawm Surskaya Zabora, ze lub zos. Voloshskaya (Ukraine) ntog tawm ntawm qhov nthuav tawm thiab pom tsawg.
Yog tias peb piv cov kev pom no nrog cov qub Lavxias qub, tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov txuas ntxiv tsis pom zoo, tsuas yog hom 1 hmuv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog hom III raws li kev faib tawm ntawm A. N. Kirpichnikov. Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm tsab xov xwm ntawm Lavxias qub riam phom pom nyob rau hauv hom no ib txwm muaj Slavic keeb kwm, uas nws nyuaj rau pom zoo vim qhov kev nthuav dav tseem ceeb ntawm hom lus qhia no nyob rau lub sijhawm raug tshuaj xyuas hauv Europe (Kirpichnikov AF, Medvedev AF).
Dab tsi tau hais qhia hauv kev ua haujlwm yav dhau los ntawm riam phom Lavxias thaum ub los ntawm A. N. Kirpichnikov, tab sis qhov kev xav tias hom III hmuv raws li Kirpichnikov kev faib tawm thiab hom I raws li Kazansky yeej hauv Bulgaria hauv lub xyoo pua 9th-10th tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov xub xub ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze, qhov pom pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li cov neeg Slavic, tsis txhob tso cai, hauv peb lub tswv yim, los txhais lub javelin li Slavic dawb huv (Shuvalov P. V.).
Yog tias tus sau ntawm cov npe ntawm Slavic pom ntawm hom II xub taub hau cais lawv li Slavic riam phom, tom qab ntawd nws cov neeg thuam hais tias Angona hom xub xub xub 17-20 cm ntev tau qiv los ntawm cov neeg nyob ze. Thiab lawv qhov kev tshawb pom tau tsom mus rau thaj tsam sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Slavic ntiaj teb (Kazansky M. M., Shuvalov P. V.).
Raws li ob peb qhov pom pom sau los ntawm M. M. thiab ntxiv los ntawm P. V. Shuvalov, nws nyuaj rau kev txiav txim siab txog yam dab tsi ntawm lub xub xub xub Slavic ntuav riam phom tiag tiag, ib tus tuaj yeem xav tias lawv yog hom zoo sib xws nrog riam phom ntawm lwm haiv neeg. Los ntawm cov npe pom, peb tsis pom dab tsi tshwj xeeb hauv kev siv riam phom, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus kws sau "Strategicon" taw qhia txog kev siv "Slavic daim ntawv".
Nws tuaj yeem xav tias qhov nqaim nqaim hniav, xws li hauv hom 3 thiab 4 raws li M. M. Kazansky, nrog qhov ntau thiab tsawg los ntawm 15, 5 txog 19 cm, tab sis hauv qhov loj me lawv pom tseeb ze rau cov lus qhia dart.
Peb kuj tseem muaj ntau qhov pom ntawm lub taub hau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Slavic kev sib hais los ntawm Zimno, Bliznaki thiab Nikodimovo (3 cov ntsiab lus), tab sis lawv yog Avar lossis yav dhau los Hunnic keeb kwm, cov kev tshawb pom no tsis zoo rau yav dhau los ntawm tib Lombard tus hmuv tau qiv los ntawm Avars (Kazan MM.).
Tus kws tshawb nrhiav thiab tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm qub txeeg qub teg thaum ub Slavic monument Zimno tau pom tias hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem no tau pom ntau riam phom ntau dua li ntawm thaj chaw uas nyob ntawm cov neeg Slavs qub (Aulikh V. V.).
Cov lus xaus, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov Slavs, raws li cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, tau ua tub rog nrog yam tshwj xeeb ntawm javelin, uas tau sau txog txhua tus kws sau ntawv Byzantine piav txog lawv cov riam phom. Vim lawv qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg tsawg, kev tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm tsis qhia meej qhov pom ntawm qhov riam phom no.
Subtotals
Peb xav tias qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm "Slavic hmuv" tsis dag hauv dav hlau ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv cov qauv. Raws li qhia hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm, Slavic hmuv tau me ntsis ntxiv. Qhov loj me no tau txhim kho hauv lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua lag luam tseem ceeb (tua tsiaj) raws li qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev pov.
Lub hauv paus ntawm "Slavic hmuv" yog qhov tseeb hauv txoj kev thov. Tsis yog hauv cov thev naus laus zis, tab sis hauv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tus sau ntawm Strategicon, uas tau qhia cov tub rog yuav siv Sklavin li cas hmuv nrog rau cov pob zeb, peb tau ntsib nrog qhov laj thawj tsis raug ntawm kev xa cov txiaj ntsig (siv tau zoo siv rab hmuv) los ntawm qhov laj thawj (rab hmuv rab phom) rau ib yam khoom lossis cuab yeej siv (rab hmuv). Cov. pom qhov ua tau zoo hauv rab hmuv, tsis yog hauv tus neeg ntaus.
Qhov sib txawv no suav nrog qhov raug ntawm qhov pov, uas, raws li peb pom nws, yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib haiv neeg koom nrog kev yos hav zoov hauv hav zoov. Qhov tseeb nrog rau kev siv riam phom loj heev. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm "Slavic hmuv", sab nrauv, raws li peb pom, nws tsis txawv ntau los ntawm lwm tus neeg nyob sab Europe.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis tom qab kev tawm mus los tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tswv yim tawm tsam thiab kev tawm tsam thiab kev hloov pauv mus rau kev nthuav dav los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 6 thiab thoob plaws xyoo pua 7. tsob ntoo xibtes ntawm cov Slavs mus rau hneev, raws li cov peev txheej qhia rau peb. Tib Mauritius, thaum ua tsov rog nrog Slavs hauv hav zoov, tsis pom zoo siv cov tshuaj lom neeg (hneev taw), tab sis hauv kev tawm tsam rau kev txeeb thaj av hauv Balkans, ntes cov chaw nyob thiab cov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm Slavs, hneev, uas yog yav dhau los yog lub cuab tam zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm (yos hav zoov), tawm los ntawm thawj qhov phiaj xwm: xub ntaus mus deb dua li hmuv lossis hmuv.
