Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm

Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm
Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm

Video: Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm

Video: Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm
Video: thawj zaug tau txais khoom plig los ntawm aib ntxhuav zoo siab kawg 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm
Khrushchev qhov khoom plig: kev dag ntxias keeb kwm

Yuav ua li cas thiab vim li cas tus thawj coj Soviet Nikita Khrushchev txiav txim siab pub nyiaj rau Russia Crimea rau Ukraine?

Yog tias cov neeg Soviet ob leeg hauv Crimea thiab hauv Ukraine paub tias lawv ua kev zoo siab hnub ntawm kev teeb tsa kev nom kev tswv tiag tiag nrog kev xyiv fab thiab kev hlub sib npaug, Crimea tau hais ncaj qha rau Ukrainian SSR ua khoom plig rau hnub tseem ceeb 300 xyoo ntawm Pereyaslav Rada. Nrog kev hwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob haiv neeg, cov neeg Ukrainian thiab Lavxias tau nce mus rau saum Ai-Petri, tso xov xwm tshiab rau cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Vim li cas Khrushchev, tsis muaj laj thawj dab tsi, dhau mus rau Crimea - cov lus nug uas tom qab tau hais tseg ib txwm thiab nyob txhua qhov chaw - hauv Sevastopol, thiab hauv Kiev, thiab hauv Siberia, thiab hauv Soviet Baltic xeev. Tsis pom cov lus teb muaj tseeb, cov neeg tau hais txog cov lus dab neeg yooj yim: Khrushchev, koj pom, yog neeg Ukrainian nws tus kheej, txij li nws hnav lub tsho paj ntaub, nws tau muab khoom plig rau nws tus poj niam, uas tseem yog neeg Ukrainian. Feem ntau, nws tsis muaj dab tsi ua.

"Nws zoo li rau kuv tias nws yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees ib yam nkaus los lees paub Khrushchev ua ib tus neeg ruam ruam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tsuas yog yuam kev kom pom nws yog tus neeg uas txhob txwm ua kom puas tsuaj rau Soviet Union. Peb pom nws nyuaj rau nkag siab tam sim no, tab sis hauv kev ua ntawm Khrushchev muaj kev txaj muag ntau, sib xyaw nrog kev ntxeev siab ntau, "sau keeb kwm thiab kws sau ntawv Nikolai Starikov.

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1953, Nikita Khrushchev zais ntshis mus xyuas Crimea. Ob peb paub dab tsi ua rau nws tawm ntawm Kremlin, uas, tom qab kev tuag ntawm Stalin tsis ntev los no, tseem muaj ntau. Lub zog yog qhov tseem ceeb ua ke.

Tom qab leej txiv ntawm haiv neeg tawm mus rau lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj, suav nrog Khrushchev, tsis muaj leej twg rub, thiab Malenkov, Molotov, Kaganovich, Voroshilov, Bulganin rub daim pam. Tab sis Khrushchev paub nws ua dab tsi. Nws yog tom qab rov qab mus rau Moscow thiab tau npaj lub rooj noj mov, thawj tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Hauv Nroog, raws li lawv tau rov qab nco qab, tso lub khob thib ob ntawm cognac thiab hais lus: peb puas yuav tsum tau muab thaj av Crimean rau Ukraine? Tsuas yog Molotov tau tawm tsam. Tus so, ua tswv yim, tsis pom kev dag ntxias nom tswv hauv qhov kev thov.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, lub ntsiab lus yog tias nws tsuas yog ib nrab xyoo raws li tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm pawg neeg thiab xav tau kev pab tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov koomhaum koomhaum loj tshaj plaws. Nws yog koomhaum koomhaum ntawm Ukraine. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Tavrida Andrey Malygin.

Muaj ntau pawg pab pawg hauv cheeb tsam hauv Ukraine ntau dua li lwm lub tebchaws, thiab nws muaj nqis heev kom tau txais kev khuv leej ntawm cov tub rog loj ntawm cov kws lis haujlwm. Thiab Crimea yog kev npau suav ntawm txhua lub koomhaum. Yav dhau los lub pov haum nyob rau hauv lub crown ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yog tam sim no lub ntsiab façade ntawm lub teb chaws. Cov thawj coj txawv teb chaws tau raug coj los ntawm no, lub npe nrov "Artek" thundered ntawm no thoob plaws ntiaj teb socialist. Qhov no tsis yog ib qho chaw pw hav zoov - lub peev yav qab teb ntawm cov pioneer.

Tus sau ntawm kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm, Georgy Dezhkin, taw qhia tias thawj tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Crimean cheeb tsam pawg thawj coj ntawm CPSU (b) Pavel Titov flatly tsis kam xa tag nrho cov no mus rau Ukraine. Nws suav hais tias Crimea yog qhov chaw nyob hauv tebchaws Russia, txawm tias ib zaug tau hais rau Stalin kom hloov npe thaj av mus rau Tauride. Titov tsis pom zoo rau Khrushchev thiab raug tshem tawm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm. Thiab cov kws lis haujlwm hauv tebchaws Ukrainian twb tau pab tus neeg txais txiaj ntsig los ua qhov kev ncaj ncees rau qhov khoom plig thaum ntxov.

"Muaj ib zaj dab neeg hais tias qhov no tau ua tiav rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam. Tab sis nws zoo li tsis paub qab hau. Kuv yuav hais, tsis muaj dab tsi," said Andrei Nikiforov, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Taurida National University.

Tab sis Khrushchev tsis tau muab sijhawm rau leej twg los xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm Crimea. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 5, 1954, nws tau tshaj tawm tsab xov xwm daws teeb meem ntawm qib siab ntawm Soviets ntawm ob lub tebchaws, thiab ob lub lis piam tom qab - qhov kev sib tham keeb kwm ntawm pawg thawj tswj hwm.

Tsis muaj pawg nyob rau hnub ntawd, cov suab tau xa los ntawm xov tooj. Thiab hauv Txoj Cai Lij Choj tsis muaj ib nqe lus uas yuav tso cai rau cov koomhaum koomhaum koomhaum hloov pauv thaj chaw ib leeg mus ib txhis. Tab sis Khrushchev muaj lwm qhov laj thawj coj nws lub tswv yim mus rau qhov kawg los ntawm txhua txoj hauv kev. Thaum xub thawj, npaj kom debunk Stalin tus cwj pwm coj tus kheej thiab rau txim rau kev tsim txom, nws zais qhov tseeb tias nws nws tus kheej tau koom nrog hauv kev ua phem rau hauv Ukraine, thiab Crimea tuaj yeem yuav tawm.

"Khrushchev ua qhov kev sib koom ua ke no tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws Ukrainian uas muaj kev nom tswv yuav zam txim rau nws cov kev txhaum thaum lub sijhawm raug kev tsim txom," said Vitaly Tretyakov, tus kws tshawb fawb txog nom tswv thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Moscow State University Higher School of TV.

Thiab tom qab 40 xyoo, muaj kev sib cais, thiab Crimea twb tau pauv los ntawm ib lub tebchaws koom ua ke mus rau lub xeev ywj pheej. Leonid Kravchuk lees paub tias nws tau npaj tso tseg thaj av uas tsis yog neeg ib txwm nyob rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm lwm lub tebchaws Ukraine, tab sis Boris Yeltsin hauv Belovezhskaya Pushcha tsis tau hais txog nws. Lwm 20 xyoo dhau los lawm.

"Raws li peb keeb kwm qhia, Cov neeg Lavxias tsis tso lawv tus kheej tseg. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm peb lub tebchaws kev coj noj coj ua, peb lub siab. Thiab hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, los ntawm lo lus" Russians "Kuv txhais tau tias cov neeg txawv haiv neeg uas yog ib feem ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej Lavxias, "tus kws sau keeb kwm thiab kws sau ntawv Nikolai Cov neeg Laus.

Niaj hnub no, cov neeg sau xov xwm thiab keeb kwm xav tsis thoob vim li cas Solzhenitsyn phau ntawv "Russia in Collapse", luam tawm xyoo 1998, nrov. "Hauv Ukraine niaj hnub no, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem hais lus nrov rau nws cov qauv hauv tseem hwv, uas tau lees paub nrog kev ua siab dawb siab zoo nyob hauv Russia: dab ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Crimea, kev ywj pheej Donbass tam sim tshwm sim. Peb twb tsis nco qab txog Rusyns ntawm Transcarpathia, Tsis muaj qhov xav tau los teb rau txhua txoj hauv kev rau lawv qhov kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Moscale.

Niaj hnub no cov neeg Lavxias raug yuam kom teb. Xijpeem vim tias kev mob hlwb ntawm cov neeg nyiam tebchaws hauv tebchaws Ukraine tau dhau mus hnyav dhau, lossis vim tias Russia tsis nyob hauv kev sib tsoo lawm.

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