Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Budapest

Cov txheej txheem:

Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Budapest
Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Budapest

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Video: Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Budapest
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Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Budapest
Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Budapest

Cov lus hais tawm tsam -Soviet thiab kev tawm tsam hauv lub tebchaws tom qab ua tsov rog tsim kev sib raug zoo pib tshwm txawm tias nyob hauv Stalin, tab sis tom qab nws tuag xyoo 1953 lawv tau ua qhov dav dua. Hauv tebchaws Poland, Hungary, GDR, muaj kev tawm tsam loj heev.

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Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev pib ua cov txheej xwm Hungarian tau ua, tau kawg, los ntawm kev tuag ntawm I. Stalin, thiab kev ua tom ntej ntawm Nikita Khrushchev kom "nthuav tawm tus kheej kev coj noj coj ua."

Raws li koj paub, hauv Kev Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Hungary tau koom nrog ib sab ntawm pawg neeg fascist, nws cov tub rog tau koom nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm USSR, peb qhov kev faib SS tau tsim los ntawm Hungarians. Xyoo 1944-1945, Cov tub rog Hungarian tau swb lawm, nws thaj av tau nyob hauv pab tub rog Soviet. Hungary (raws li yav dhau los tus phooj ywg ntawm Nazi Lub Tebchaws Yelemees) yuav tsum tau them cov nuj nqis tseem ceeb (them rov qab) hauv kev nyiam ntawm USSR, Czechoslovakia thiab Yugoslavia, uas suav txog li ib feem peb ntawm Hungary GDP.

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Tom qab kev ua tsov rog, lub tebchaws tau xaiv kev xaiv tsa dawb raws li Yalta Cov Lus Pom Zoo, uas Pawg Neeg Me Me tau yeej feem ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, uas tau coj los ntawm Soviet Marshal Voroshilov, tau muab cov yeej feem ntau tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov rooj zaum hauv Cov Thawj Kav Tebchaws, thaum cov lus tseem ceeb tseem nyob nrog Hungarian Communist Party.

Cov Communists, nrog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm pab tub rog Soviet, raug ntes feem ntau ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam, thiab xyoo 1947 lawv tau xaiv tsa tshiab. Txog xyoo 1949, kev muaj hwj chim hauv lub tebchaws tau sawv cev los ntawm cov neeg Communist. Hauv Hungary, kev tswj hwm ntawm Matthias Rakosi tau tsim. Kev sib sau ua ke tau ua tiav, kev tsim txom loj heev tau pib tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, pawg ntseeg, cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov nom tswv ntawm cov thawj tswj hwm yav dhau los thiab ntau lwm yam kev tawm tsam ntawm tsoomfwv tshiab.

Leej twg yog RAKOSHI?

Matthias Rakosi, nee Matthias Rosenfeld (Lub Peb Hlis 14, 1892, Serbia - Lub Ob Hlis 5, 1971, Gorky, USSR) - Hungarian politician, kiv puag ncig.

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Rakosi yog tus menyuam thib rau ntawm tsev neeg txom nyem neeg Yudais. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, nws tau tawm tsam rau Sab Hnub Poob, qhov uas nws raug ntes, thiab koom nrog Pawg Sab Laj ntawm Hungary.

Nws rov qab los rau Hungary, koom nrog tsoomfwv Bela Kun. Tom qab nws poob, nws tau khiav mus rau USSR. Koom nrog hauv pawg tswj hwm ntawm Comintern. Xyoo 1945 nws rov qab los rau Hungary thiab tau coj Hungarian Communist tog. Xyoo 1948, nws yuam Social Social Party los koom ua ke nrog CPV rau hauv ib pawg neeg Hungarian Labour Party (HLP), uas nws tau raug xaiv los ua Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Xwm.

Rakoshi txoj kev tswjfwm

Nws txoj kev coj noj coj ua yog kev ntshai kev nom tswv ua los ntawm lub xeev kev pabcuam kev ruaj ntseg AVH tawm tsam kev tawm tsam sab hauv thiab tawm tsam kev tawm tsam (piv txwv li, nws raug liam tias "Titoism" thiab kev coj mus rau Yugoslavia, thiab tom qab ntawd Minister of the Interior Laszlo Raik raug tua). Hauv qab nws, kev hloov pauv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws thiab kev koom tes ua liaj ua teb tau nrawm dua.

Rakosi hu nws tus kheej "Cov tub ntxhais kawm Hungarian zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Stalin", theej cov txheej txheem Stalinist hauv qhov tsawg tshaj plaws kom txog rau thaum lub xyoo dhau los ntawm nws txoj kev kav, Hungarian cov tub rog niaj hnub tau theej los ntawm Soviet ib, thiab rye qhob cij, uas tsis tau noj hauv Hungary ua ntej, pib muag hauv khw Hungarian …

Txij li thaum xyoo 1940s lig. tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam Zionists, thaum tshem tawm nws txoj kev sib tw nom tswv, Sab hauv Minister Laszlo Rajk.

Tom qab Khrushchev tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm XX Congress ntawm CPSU, Rakosi raug tshem tawm los ntawm tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm VPT (tsis yog nws, txoj haujlwm no tau ua los ntawm Ernö Gerö). Tsis ntev tom qab 1956 kev tawm tsam hauv Hungary.raug coj mus rau USSR, qhov uas nws nyob hauv lub nroog Gorky. Xyoo 1970, nws tau thov kom tso nws txoj kev koom tes hauv kev lag luam Hungarian los pauv pauv rov qab los rau Hungary, tab sis Rakosi tsis kam.

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Nws tau sib yuav rau Theodora Kornilova.

Dab tsi ua rau RISE ncaj qha?

Thaum nws los txog qhov laj thawj rau ntau txhiab qhov kev tawm tsam uas tau pib hauv Budapest thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1956, uas tom qab ntawd nce mus rau kev kub ntxhov, raws li txoj cai, lawv tham txog Stalinist txoj cai ntawm Hungarian kev coj noj coj ua los ntawm Matthias Rakosi, kev tsim txom thiab lwm yam "ntau dhau" "ntawm kev tsim socialist. Tab sis nws tsis yog qhov ntawd xwb.

Yuav pib nrog, feem ntau ntawm Magyars tsis tau txiav txim siab lawv lub tebchaws kom raug liam rau kev tawm tsam Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab ntseeg tias Moscow ua tsis ncaj ncees nrog Hungary. Thiab txawm hais tias yav dhau los cov phoojywg sab hnub poob ntawm USSR hauv kev tawm tsam Hitler pab pawg txhawb nqa txhua nqe lus ntawm 1947 kev cog lus kev thaj yeeb, lawv nyob deb, thiab cov neeg Lavxias nyob ze. Lawm, cov tswv av thiab cov bourgeoisie, uas tau poob lawv cov khoom, tsis txaus siab. Cov xov tooj cua sab hnub poob Xov Xwm Asmeskas, BBC thiab lwm tus tau txhawb nqa cov pej xeem, hu rau lawv kom tawm tsam kev ywj pheej thiab cog lus tias yuav pab tam sim ntawd thaum muaj kev tawm tsam, suav nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm thaj tsam Hungarian los ntawm NATO pab tub rog.

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Kev tuag ntawm Stalin thiab Khrushchev cov lus ntawm XX Congress ntawm CPSU tau ua rau muaj kev sim siab ntawm kev tso tawm los ntawm Cov Neeg Sab Laj nyob hauv txhua lub tebchaws European Sab Hnub Tuaj, ib qho ntawm qhov ua rau pom zoo tshaj plaws uas yog kev rov kho dua thiab rov muaj zog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1956 ntawm cov neeg Polish hloov kho Vladislav Gomulka.

Tom qab lub monument rau Stalin raug tsoo los ntawm lub hauv caug, cov neeg ntxeev siab tau sim ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj plaws rau nws. Cov neeg tawm tsam kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm Stalin tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias Matthias Rakosi, uas ua rau kev tsim txom thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1940s, hu nws tus kheej ua thwj tim ncaj ncees ntawm Stalin.

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Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tau ua los ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1955 nyob sib ze Austria tau dhau los ua ib lub xeev tsis muaj kev ywj pheej, los ntawm qhov uas, tom qab kos npe rau kev cog lus sib haum xeeb, cov tub rog koom nrog tau raug tshem tawm (Soviet pab tub rog nyob hauv Hungary txij xyoo 1944).

Tom qab tawm ntawm General Secretary ntawm Hungarian Labor Party, Matthias Rakosi, thaum Lub Xya Hli 18, 1956, nws tus phooj ywg ze tshaj Ernö Gerö tau los ua tus thawj coj tshiab ntawm VPT, tab sis qhov kev pom zoo me me tsis tuaj yeem txaus siab rau tib neeg.

Kev tshaj tawm Poznan Uprising thaum Lub Xya Hli 1956 hauv tebchaws Poland tseem ua rau muaj kev xav ntau ntxiv ntawm cov tib neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab kev txawj sau ntawv. Txij li ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo, Petofi Lub Vajvoog tau pib ua haujlwm nquag, uas yog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim tshaj plaws ntsib Hungary tau tham.

UPRISING STUDENTS

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 16, 1956, cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab hauv Szeged tau teeb tsa kev tawm los ntawm cov koom haum ywj pheej ywj pheej Youth Union (pawg neeg Hungarian ntawm Komsomol) thiab rov ua kom Hungarian University thiab Academy Cov Tub Ntxhais Kawm Koom Tes, uas muaj tom qab ua tsov rog thiab tau tawg los ntawm tsoom fwv. Tsis pub dhau ob peb hnub, ceg ntawm Union tau tshwm sim hauv Pecs, Miskolc thiab lwm lub nroog.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 22, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Budapest University of Technology tau koom nrog qhov kev tawm tsam no, tsim cov npe ntawm 16 qhov xav tau rau cov tub ceev xwm thiab npaj kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thaum Lub Kaum Hli 23 los ntawm lub monument rau Bem (Polish dav, hero ntawm Hungarian Revolution xyoo 1848) rau Monument rau Petofi.

Lub Kaum Hli 23

Thaum 3 teev tav su, kev tawm tsam pib, uas, ntxiv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm, ntau txhiab leej neeg koom nrog. Cov neeg tawm tsam nqa cov chij liab, cov chij uas tau sau cov lus hais txog Soviet-Hungarian kev phooj ywg, hais txog kev suav nrog Imre Nagy hauv tsoomfwv, thiab lwm yam. Cov pab pawg sib koom tau koom nrog cov neeg tawm tsam hauv Yasai Mari xwmfab, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 15, ntawm Kossuth thiab Rákóczi txoj kev, qw cov lus hais ntawm hom sib txawv. Lawv tau thov kom rov kho lub qub tebchaws Hungarian lub cim qub, hnub qub Hungarian lub tebchaws hnub so es tsis yog Hnub Liberation los ntawm Fascism, tshem tawm kev qhia ua tub rog thiab kawm lus Lavxias. Ib qho ntxiv, xav tau ua rau kev xaiv tsa dawb, kev tsim tsoomfwv los ntawm Nagy, thiab tshem tawm cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Hungary.

Thaum 20 teev sawv ntxov ntawm xov tooj cua, thawj tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm VPT Erne Gere tau hais lus rau txim rau cov neeg tawm tsam. Hauv kev teb, pab pawg coob ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam tau sim nkag mus rau hauv chav tshaj tawm hauv xov tooj cua ntawm Lub Tsev ntawm Xov Tooj Cua, xav kom tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm xav tau ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam. Qhov kev sim no ua rau muaj kev sib cav nrog cov chav ntawm Hungarian lub xeev kev nyab xeeb AVH tiv thaiv Lub Tsev ntawm Xov Tooj Cua, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tom qab 21 teev, thawj tus raug tua thiab raug mob tshwm sim. Cov neeg ntxeev siab tau txais lossis nqa lawv cov riam phom los ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntxiv los pab tiv thaiv lub xov tooj cua, nrog rau los ntawm cov chaw tiv thaiv pej xeem thiab ntes tub ceev xwm chaw.

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Ib pawg ntawm cov neeg ntxeev siab tau nkag mus rau hauv Kilian cov tub rog, qhov twg peb tsim kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob, thiab txeeb tau lawv cov riam phom. Ntau pawg tub rog tsim kho koom nrog cov neeg ntxeev siab. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav hauv thiab ib puag ncig Lub Tsev ntawm Xov Tooj Cua txuas ntxiv txhua hmo.

Thaum 23:00, raws li kev txiav txim siab ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm CPSU, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm ntawm USSR Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog, Marshal VD Sokolovsky, tau hais kom tus thawj coj ntawm Pabcuam Tshwj Xeeb pib txav mus rau Budapest. los pab cov tub rog Hungarian "hauv kev rov kho dua thiab tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev ua haujlwm muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb." Ib feem ntawm Cov Neeg Tshwj Xeeb tuaj txog hauv Budapest thaum 6 teev sawv ntxov thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev tawm tsam nrog cov neeg tawm tsam.

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Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 24, kwv yees li 6,000 tus neeg ua haujlwm tub rog Soviet, 290 tso tsheb hlau luam, 120 tus neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog, 156 phom tau coj tuaj rau hauv Budapest. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj lawv tau koom nrog chav nyob ntawm Pawg Phom Sij Thib 3 ntawm Hungarian People's Army (VNA).

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Cov tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm CPSU A. I. Mikoyan thiab M. A. Suslov, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm KGB I. A. Serov, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm General ntawm Cov Tub Rog M. S. Malinin tuaj txog hauv Budapest.

Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 25, 33 Tus Saib Xyuas Mech Division tau mus txog Budapest, thaum yav tsaus ntuj - 128th Guards Rifle Division, uas koom nrog Pab Pawg Tshwj Xeeb.

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Lub sijhawm no, thaum lub sijhawm sib tham nyob ze ntawm lub tsev tsim rooj sib tham, muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim: hluav taws tau qhib los ntawm cov plag tsev sab saud, vim tias tub ceev xwm Soviet tuag thiab lub tank raug hlawv. Hauv kev teb, cov tub rog Soviet tau qhib tua cov neeg tawm tsam, vim li ntawd 61 tus neeg tau raug tua nyob rau ob sab thiab 284 tau raug mob.

TSEEM CEEB TSHAJ PLAWS TSEV KAWM NTAWV COMPROMISE

Hmo ua ntej, hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 23, 1956, kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Hungarian Communist Party tau txiav txim siab xaiv Imre Nagy ua Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws, uas twb tau tuav txoj haujlwm no hauv xyoo 1953-1955, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau kev hloov pauv kev xav, uas nws raug kev tsim txom, tab sis kho tau sai ua ntej kev tawm tsam. Imre Nagy feem ntau raug liam ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev thov raug cai rau Soviet pab tub rog los pab tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam tsis tau xa mus yam tsis muaj nws koom nrog. Nws cov neeg txhawb nqa hais tias qhov kev txiav txim siab no tau ua tom qab nws los ntawm Thawj Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Saib Xyuas Hauv Nroog ntawm All-Union Communist Party Ernö Gerö thiab yav dhau los Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Andras Hegedüs, thiab Nagy nws tus kheej tau tawm tsam kev koom tes ntawm pab tub rog Soviet.

Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 24, Nagy tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas haujlwm. Nws tam sim nrhiav tsis tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, tab sis coj nws.

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Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 28, Imre Nagy lees paub qhov kev npau taws nrov nrov tsuas yog hais lus hauv xov tooj cua thiab hais tias "tsoomfwv txwv tsis pub pom cov kev xav uas tam sim no kev ua rau neeg muaj koob muaj npe raug saib raws li kev tawm tsam."

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Tsoomfwv tau tshaj tawm qhov kev txiav txim siab thiab pib kev sib tham nrog USSR txog kev tshem cov tub rog Soviet los ntawm Hungary.

Txog rau Lub Kaum Hli 30, txhua tus tub rog Soviet tau thim tawm ntawm lub nroog mus rau lawv qhov chaw xa mus. Lub xeev cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb tau raug tshem tawm. Txoj kev ntawm lub nroog Hungarian tau tso tseg tsis muaj lub zog.

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Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 30, tsoomfwv Imre Nagy txiav txim siab rov tsim tsa ntau pawg neeg hauv Hungary thiab los tsim tsoomfwv sib koom ua ke los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm UPT, Cov Neeg Ywj Pheej Ywj Pheej Ywj Pheej, Lub Tebchaws Peasant Party thiab rov tsim dua Kev ywj pheej ywj pheej. Tog. Kev xaiv tsa dawb yuav los tom ntej tau tshaj tawm.

Thiab kev tawm tsam, twb dhau ntawm kev tswj hwm, txuas ntxiv mus.

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Cov neeg tawm tsam tau ntes Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Hauv Nroog Budapest ntawm UPT, thiab ntau dua 20 tus neeg tawm tsam tau raug dai rau hauv pawg neeg. Cov duab ntawm cov neeg sib tham uas raug dai nrog cov cim ntawm kev tsim txom, nrog lub ntsej muag tsis zoo los ntawm cov kua qaub, tau mus thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tua neeg no tau raug txim los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg nom tswv Hungarian.

Muaj me ntsis Nagy tuaj yeem ua tau. Kev tawm tsam tau kis mus rau lwm lub nroog thiab nthuav tawm … Lub tebchaws tau poob mus rau hauv kev kub ntxhov sai. Cov kev pabcuam tsheb ciav hlau tau cuam tshuam, tshav dav hlau nres tsis ua haujlwm, khw, khw thiab tsev txhab nyiaj raug kaw. Cov neeg ntxeev siab tau taug txoj kev, ntes cov neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg hauv xeev. Lawv tau lees paub los ntawm lawv lub khau daj uas nto moo, tawg mus ua tej daim lossis dai ntawm lawv txhais taw, qee zaum raug pov tseg. Cov thawj coj ntawm pawg neeg raug ntes tau raug ntsia rau hauv pem teb nrog cov ntsia hlau loj, thiab cov duab ntawm Lenin tau muab tso rau hauv lawv txhais tes.

Kaum Hli 31 - NOVEMBER 4

Kev txhim kho cov xwm txheej hauv Hungary ua ke nrog Suez Crisis. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 29, Cov neeg Ixayees, thiab tom qab ntawd NATO cov tswv cuab Great Britain thiab Fabkis, tau tawm tsam Egypt, txhawb nqa los ntawm USSR, nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txeeb chaw Suez Canal, tom ntej uas lawv tsaws lawv cov tub rog.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 31, Khrushchev tau hais ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm CPSU Lub Rooj Sab Laj: "Yog tias peb tawm hauv Hungary, nws yuav txhawb cov neeg Asmeskas, Askiv thiab Fab Kis cov neeg tsis muaj zog. Lawv yuav nkag siab tias peb qhov kev qaug zog yog li cas thiab yuav tawm tsam. " Nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim "kev hloov pauv cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb" tsoomfwv los ntawm Janos Kadar thiab ua tub rog ua haujlwm los rhuav tshem tsoomfwv Imre Nagy. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm, hu ua "Whirlwind", tau tsim los ntawm kev coj ua ntawm USSR Minister of Defense Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov.

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Tsoomfwv Hungarian thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, thaum cov tub rog Soviet tau xaj kom tsis txhob tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov koog, tau txiav txim siab txog Hungary qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm Warsaw Pact thiab xa cov ntawv sib xws mus rau USSR Embassy. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Hungary tau tig mus rau UN nrog thov kev pab txhawm rau tiv thaiv nws qhov nruab nrab. Kev ntsuas kuj tseem raug coj los tiv thaiv Budapest thaum muaj "kev tawm tsam sab nraud".

Thaum sawv ntxov thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 4, kev qhia txog cov tub rog Soviet tshiab rau hauv Hungary tau pib raws li cov lus txib ntawm Marshal ntawm Soviet Union Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov.

NOV 4 NOV. Kev ua haujlwm "VORTEX"

Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 4, Soviet kev ua haujlwm "Cua daj cua dub" tau pib thiab nyob rau tib hnub ntawd cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv Budapest raug ntes. Cov tswvcuab ntawm tsoomfwv Imre Nagy tau mus nkaum hauv Yugoslav Embassy. Txawm li cas los xij, pawg ntawm Hungarian National Guard thiab cov tub rog ib leeg tau tawm tsam cov tub rog Soviet.

Cov tub rog Soviet ua rau cov phom loj tsoo rau ntawm lub hnab ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab nqa tawm tom qab los ntawm cov tub rog rog nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam yog cov neeg ua haujlwm thaj tsam ntawm Budapest, qhov chaw hauv cheeb tsam tau muaj peev xwm ua tus coj ntau dua lossis tsawg dua kev koom ua ke. Cov cheeb tsam hauv nroog no tau raug foob pob loj tshaj plaws.

Tawm tsam cov neeg ntxeev siab (ntau dua 50 txhiab tus neeg Hungarians tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam), Cov tub rog Soviet (suav txog 31,550 tus tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm) tau raug pov nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm Hungarian pawg (25 txhiab) thiab Hungary lub xeev cov koom haum ruaj ntseg (1,5 txhiab).

Cov koomhaum Soviet thiab kev tsim uas tau koom nrog hauv cov xwm txheej Hungarian:

Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb:

- 2nd Guards Mechanized Division (Nikolaev-Budapest)

- Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb thib 11 (tom qab xyoo 1957 - 30th Pawg Saib Xyuas Tank)

- 17th Tus Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Ua Haujlwm (Enakievsko-Danube)

- 33rd Guards Mechanized Division (Kherson)

- 128th Tus Saib Xyuas Phom Phom Loj (tom qab xyoo 1957 - 128th Tus Saib Xyuas Tsav Tsheb Ruaj Ruaj Phom Loj)

7th Guards Airborne Division

- 80th parachute regiment

- 108th pab tub rog caij dav hlau

31st Tus Saib Xyuas Airborne Division

- 114th pawg tub rog caij nkoj

- 381st pab tub rog caij nkoj

8th Mechanized Army ntawm Carpathian Military District (tom qab 1957 - 8th Tank Army)

38th Army ntawm Cheeb Tsam Carpathian Military

- Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb 13 (Poltava) (tom qab xyoo 1957 - 21st Pawg Saib Xyuas Tank)

- Kev faib cov neeg ua haujlwm 27 (Cherkassy) (tom qab xyoo 1957 - 27th kev faib phom loj)

Hauv tag nrho, kev ua haujlwm tau koom nrog:

• cov neeg ua haujlwm - 31,550 tus neeg

• tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej - 1130

• phom thiab phom - 615

• phom tiv thaiv dav hlau - 185

• BTR - 380

• tsheb - 3830

Qhov Kawg Ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam

Tom qab Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 10, txawm tias txog rau thaum nruab nrab Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, cov neeg ua haujlwm pawg sab laj txuas ntxiv lawv txoj haujlwm, feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib tham ncaj qha nrog kev hais kom ua ntawm Soviet chav nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, txog thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 19, 1956, cov neeg ua haujlwm pawg sab laj tau tawg los ntawm lub xeev kev ruaj ntseg, thiab lawv cov thawj coj raug ntes.

Hungarians emigrated en masse - yuav luag 200,000 tus neeg (5% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem) tawm hauv lub tebchaws, uas cov neeg tawg rog nyob hauv Traiskirchen thiab Graz yuav tsum tau tsim hauv Austria.

Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, kev raug ntes loj tau pib: tag nrho, Cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb hauv Hungarian thiab lawv cov phoojywg Soviet tswj tau ntes txog 5,000 tus neeg Hungarians (846 ntawm lawv raug xa mus rau hauv tsev lojcuj Soviet), suav nrog "tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswvcuab ntawm UPT, cov tub rog tub rog thiab tub ntxhais hluas cov tub ntxhais kawm."

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Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Imre Nagy thiab cov tswvcuab ntawm nws tsoomfwv thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 22, 1956 tau dag ntxias dag ntxias los ntawm Yugoslav Embassy, qhov chaw uas lawv tau mus nkaum, thiab raug coj mus kaw rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Romania. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau rov qab los rau Hungary thiab sim. Imre Nagy thiab yav tas los Minister of Defense Pal Maleter tau raug txiav txim siab tuag vim raug foob siab. Imre Nagy tau raug dai rau Lub Rau Hli 16, 1958. Hauv tag nrho, raws li qee qhov kwv yees, kwv yees li 350 tus neeg raug tua. Kwv yees li 26,000 tus tib neeg raug foob, ntawm 13,000 leej raug txim mus rau ntau yam kev raug kaw. Txog xyoo 1963, txhua tus neeg koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam tau raug zam txim thiab tso tawm los ntawm tsoomfwv Janos Kadar.

Tom qab kev poob ntawm kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws, Imre Nagy thiab Pal Maleter tau them rov qab zoo thaum Lub Xya Hli 1989.

Txij li xyoo 1989, Imre Nagy tau raug suav tias yog tus phab ej ntawm Hungary.

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Cov lus hais tau pib los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom loj. Cov neeg Hungarians xav tau kev xaiv tsa dawb thiab tshem tawm ntawm Soviet cov tub rog hauv paus. Qhov tseeb, thoob plaws lub tebchaws, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv pawg neeg tau lees tias muaj hwj chim. Lub USSR tau xa cov tub rog mus rau Hungary thiab rov kho cov kev coj noj coj ua Soviet, ua phem rau kev tawm tsam. Nagy thiab ob peb ntawm nws tsoomfwv koom nrog raug tua. Ntau txhiab leej neeg tuag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua (raws li qee qhov chaw - txog 10,000).

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Thaum ntxov 50s, lwm qhov kev tawm tsam tau tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev ntawm Budapest thiab lwm lub nroog.

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Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1956, tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Xov Xwm Hungarian, tsis ntev ua ntej rab phom loj tau tsoo nws lub chaw haujlwm mus rau hauv av, tau xa xov tooj cua xav tau mus rau ntiaj teb, tshaj tawm qhov pib ntawm kev nkag tebchaws Lavxias ntawm Budapest. Cov ntawv xaus nrog cov lus: "Peb yuav tuag rau Hungary thiab rau Europe!"

Hungary, 1956. Cov chaw tiv thaiv tus kheej ntawm tus ciam teb Hungarian tos cov tsos ntawm cov tub rog Soviet.

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Cov tso tsheb hlau luam Soviet tau coj los rau hauv Budapest los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm USSR, uas tau ua kom zoo dua ntawm kev thov los ntawm tsoomfwv Hungarian.

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Thawj lub tsheb tiv thaiv Soviet ntawm txoj kev ntawm Budapest.

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Kev tua neeg ntawm cov neeg ntxeev siab tawm tsam cov neeg tawm tsam, Hungary, 1956. Yog lawm Muaj qhov zoo li no.

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Pawg neeg tsim khoom hauv lub nroog Hungarian me.

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Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev muag ntawv muag cov khoom lag luam tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Cov neeg ntxeev siab tsoo lub khw, pov cov ntsiab lus mus rau txoj kev thiab teeb nws rau hluav taws. Kaum Ib Hlis 5, 1956.

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Budapest, 1956. Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam nkag hauv nroog, lawv nyob puag ncig thiab ntxhov siab tsis txhob tua.

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General Pal Maleter - tus koom nrog Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Tus Kws Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm tsoomfwv Nagy, tab tom sib tham nrog cov neeg ntxeev siab. Nws tau tawm tsam nrog cov neeg ntxeev siab, koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, raug dag ntxias thaum sib tham nrog Soviet cov lus txib thiab ua tiav xyoo 1958.

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Cardinal Mindzenti, raug kaw hauv tsev kaw neeg nyob rau Lub Ob Hlis 8, 1949, tau tawm los ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam thaum Lub Kaum Hli 31, 1956. Ob peb hnub tom qab, nws tau mus nkaum hauv thaj chaw ntawm Amelikas lub tebchaws. Daim duab qhia Cardinal Mindzenti nrog nws cov neeg tso kev ywj pheej thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2, 1956. Budapest, Hungary.

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Rebels tiv thaiv cov tso tsheb hlau luam.

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Budapest, 1956. Ua kom puas thiab ntes Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam.

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Cov neeg hla-los tab tom saib rab phom Soviet tiv thaiv lub tank thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm txoj kev sib ntaus ntawm cov neeg Hungarian thiab cov tub rog Soviet nrog kev txaus siab.

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Thaum sib ntaus sib tua hauv Budapest thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1956, Soviet pab tub rog tau siv lub tank tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho, suav nrog cov tsheb loj IS -3 ("Joseph Stalin - 3"), uas tau tshwm sim thaum kawg Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. Budapest, Hungary, Kaum Ib Hlis 1956.

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Cov neeg hla-los ntawm saib cov tub rog Soviet tua tuag uas nyob ze lub puas Soviet cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog. Kaum Ib Hlis 14, 1956.

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Budapest, xyoo 1956.

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Budapest, 1956. Lub tank Soviet tawg.

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Cov neeg tuag ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog.

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Cov kws sau xov xwm sawv ze ntawm qhov tuag ntawm tus txiv neej uas tau dhau los ua neeg raug tsim txom ntawm txoj kev sib ntaus.

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Ob tus neeg tawm tsam Hungarian nrog riam phom ntsiag to taug kev hla lub cev ntawm Hungarian lub xeev cov neeg saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb.

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Budapest, 1956. Kev tua ib tus tswv cuab ntawm tub ceev xwm Hungarian zais cia (Allamvedelmi Hatosag).

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Cov neeg tawm tsam zoo siab ntawm kev tua tus neeg saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb hauv xeev Hungarian. Qhov kawg ntawm 40s, Lub xeev Hungarian kev nyab xeeb, ua raws cov lus txib ntawm Matthias Rakosi, ua rau muaj kev ntshai nyob hauv lub tebchaws tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam nom tswv zoo ib yam li Stalinist kev tsuj hauv USSR. Xyoo 1956, coob leej uas raug kev txom nyem thaum lub sij hawm raug kev tsim txom thiab lawv tsev neeg yog cov koom nrog tshaj plaws hauv kev tua neeg ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg hauv xeev.

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Hluas ntxeev siab.

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Ib tug poj niam hluas Hungarian nyob rau qib ntawm cov neeg ntxeev siab.

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Txoj kev ntawm Budapest tom qab kev tawm tsam.

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Tom qab txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam Hungarians thiab Soviet pab tub rog, txoj kev ntawm Budapest yog cov khoom puas.

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