"Peb yuav hais tias:" Qhov txaus ntshai nyob ze, Tab sis nws tau txwv rau peb!"
(Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky)
Peb txhua tus sib txawv (thiab qhov ntawd zoo heev). Qhov no siv tsis yog rau haiv neeg, kev ntseeg, qhov chaw nyob, tus qauv lub cev, hnub nyoog, tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kheej thiab kev nyiam poj niam txiv neej (cov npe tuaj yeem suav sau tsis paub kawg), tab sis, ib txwm, nyiam. Yog hais tias cov neeg Loos thaum ub qhia lawv tus kheej luv luv thiab pom meej - "Rau txhua tus ntawm nws tus kheej", tom qab ntawv hauv Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv no qhov tseeb tau nthuav tawm los ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws (txawm tias yog tsim los) Kozma Prutkov hauv nws zaj dab neeg "Qhov Sib Txawv ntawm Tastes":
“Koj vwm nrog Berlin;
Zoo, Kuv nyiam Medyn zoo dua.
Koj, kuv tus phooj ywg, thiab iab horseradish - raspberries, Thiab kuv thiab blancmange - wormwood."
Tib yam mus rau so. Ib tus neeg nyiam yaug lawv txhais taw hauv hiav txwv sov ntawm cov tebchaws sab qab teb, qhov twg "suav nrog txhua tus", ib tus neeg xav tau cov chaw so hmo ntuj, haus cawv thiab, thov zam txim, cov ntxhais; qee leej yuav nqa cov khoom siv tsim nyog thiab nce toj siab. Ib tus neeg yuav nyiam taug kev mus rau tsev cia puav pheej, tsev fuabtais, "kom hnov qab los ntawm cov khoom qub", thaum lwm tus yuav mus rafting, lossis yooj yim mus taug kev hauv taiga; rau ib tus neeg, lawv tus kheej dacha tseem ceeb dua; thiab qee leej yuav mus rau lub tsev kho mob kom txhim kho lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum tau so, thiab koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm! (huag, Vajtswv txaus siab, Kuv yuav sau kab lus hais txog kev so, txij li kuv tau ua haujlwm nyob rau theem ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws rau qee lub sijhawm). Cia kuv piav qhia: txhua lub caij so zoo, nyob ntawm tus kheej nyiam; qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov nws haum rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees, kev coj ncaj ncees, tsuas yog kev txaj muag thiab Txoj Cai Txhaum Cai - qhov no yog qhov dawb huv! Thiab, zoo, kuj tseem pob nyiaj siv, tau kawg, peb tuaj yeem mus tsis tau nws li cas … Koj puas tso cai rau kuv hais Vladimir Semyonovich dua? (luag) "Peb tau ua haujlwm zoo thiab peb yuav tau so kom zoo!"
Koj tus tub qhe txo hwj chim, cov phooj ywg zoo, tsuas yog coj mus, thiab yoj ob lub lis piam tam sim no los ntawm txias St. Petersburg mus rau lub tsev kho mob nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm peb lub xeev nyob sib ze, Belarus. Tshwj xeeb, nyob ze Polotsk, 50 kilometers sab qab teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lub nroog nug. Vim li cas thiaj muaj? Yog lawm, ze rau ntawm ciam teb Lavxias-Belarusian, tsis muaj kev rov qab los los ntawm tsheb.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev kho mob yog kev kho mob, tab sis koj tseem yuav tsum pom dab tsi nyob ib puag ncig. Sanatorium nyob hauv hav zoov; xwm, pas dej zoo nkauj, perches, pecking ntawm koj cov kab nuv ntses - muaj qee yam kom txaus siab. THIAB! Yuav tsum pom ib puag ncig! Txhua lub nroog me hauv nroog muaj qhov pom uas peb qee zaum tsis paub txog. Zam txim rau kuv, tab sis txawm tias nyob hauv lub nroog me me ntawm Kingisepp hauv cheeb tsam Leningrad, lub tsev khaws keeb kwm keeb kwm hauv nroog muaj cov khoom pov thawj zoo li no. Koj puas pom ntau ntaj nyob hauv Russia? Nws zoo li tsis ntau. Thiab muaj - ntau li ob, German, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog seducing rusty "Zweichender"! Thiab yog tias peb yuav khawb ntxiv cov ncauj lus ntawm ib lub nroog tshwj xeeb, tej zaum yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv txaus rau "Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb", lossis txawm tias yog daim ntawv pov thawj kws kho mob. Ntawd yog, hauv kuv qhov kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws, keeb kwm nyob ib puag ncig peb, koj tsuas yog xav kom tuaj yeem koom nrog nws (yog tias, ntawm chav kawm, koj txaus siab rau zaj dab neeg no). Amazing - ze!
Yog li cia peb taug kev ncig Polotsk. Tsis yog tus tswv ntawm R. Skomorokhov, kev paub thiab kev paub ntawm V. Shpakovsky, lossis lub peev xwm los ua tus V. Popov cov ntaub ntawv, kuv, siry, tsis tuaj yeem (yog, ncaj ncees, kuv tsis xav) muab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, yog li cia peb taug kev?
Polotsk nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Belarus, tsis deb ntawm ciam teb nrog thaj tsam Pskov ntawm Russia, thiab yog ib feem ntawm cheeb tsam Vitebsk ntawm Belarus. Lub nroog npog thaj tsam ntawm tsuas yog 40 square kilometers, thiab nws cov pej xeem yog 85 txhiab tus neeg. Lub nroog nyob ntawm ob sab ntug dej sab hnub poob ntawm Dvina River (lossis Daugava, raws li Lithuanians hu nws). Cov tsev me me ntawm 2-5 plag tsev nyob hauv nruab nrab yog nyob ib sab rau cov tsev hais txog ntawm Soviet architecture, raws ntug ntawm lub nroog muaj kev lag luam ntiag tug.
Tsov rog Polotsk. Yog, tau siv kev lag luam ntau nrog cov nroog ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Baltic; txiav txim los ntawm lub nkoj, tej zaum txawm tias cov galleons tau caij nkoj!
Lwm qhov yog qhov nthuav - Polotsk yog ib lub nroog qub tshaj plaws ntawm Russia, thawj qhov hais txog uas yog hnub rov qab rau xyoo 862. Keeb kwm, pab pawg Krivichi nyob ntawm no. Tus thawj tswj hwm Polotsk yog thawj feem ntawm Kievan Rus, tom qab ntawd nws tau dhau los ua kev sib cais, txawm tias tom qab nws tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania, tom qab ntawd - Lub Tebchaws; dua lub nroog los ua ib feem ntawm Russia xyoo 1772 (sab xis-ntug dej, sab qaum teb) thiab, thaum kawg, xyoo 1792 (sab laug-txhab nyiaj ib feem).
Monument rau tus tub lag luam nyob ze ntawm Polotsk Central Lub Tsev Khw (lub tsev lag luam). Ib tug txiv neej ntxim hlub hauv plaub hau, muaj hwj txwv thiab hwj txwv, pom meej txaus siab rau nws txoj kev nyob zoo, tab sis tam sim no tsis muaj lub tswm ciab txaus txaus. Cov nyiaj npib hauv tes, lub qhov ntswg, lub hnab nyiaj ntawm txoj siv thiab rau qee qhov laj thawj txawm tias sab laug txhais taw ntawm tus neeg ua lag luam zoo siab tau rub kom ci los ntawm cov neeg uas xav koom nrog kev nplua nuj.
Hmoov tsis zoo, tshuav me me ntawm cov qub qub ntawm no. Peb yuav xub xub mus rau Spaso-Euphrosyne Convent, nrhiav tau los ntawm Saint Euphrosyne of Polotsk xyoo 1125 (Efrosinya Polotskaya St., 89). Lub tsev teev ntuj yog thiab yog Orthodox, tab sis txij xyoo 1667 txog 1820 nws yog los ntawm Jesuits - koj tuaj yeem ua dab tsi, thaj av muaj ntau haiv neeg, ntau zaus dhau los ntawm tes mus rau tes. Lub tsev teev ntuj tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog Cathedral of the Exaltation of Cross, tsa hauv xyoo 1893-1897, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lub tsev teev ntuj qub - Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus Cawm Seej, ua nyob rau xyoo XII.
Sab laug - Holy Cross Cathedral, sab xis - Hloov Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj, pom los ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab belfry ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.
Hauv Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm ntawm Tus Ntoo Khaub Lig, cov relics ntawm Euphrosyne ntawm Polotsk so (nws tau txais kev hwm heev ntawm no, zoo li Matrona ntawm Moscow hauv Moscow thiab zoo li Xenia Foom koob hmoov rau hauv St., thov Vajtswv, thiab taws tswm ciab. Tus Cawm Seej Hloov Lub Koom Txoos yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Lavxias kev tsim vaj tsev nyob rau lub sij hawm ua ntej Mongol.
Lub tsev teev ntuj ncaj, yooj yim mus. Koj tus tub qhe txo hwj chim, hmoov tsis, tsis pom lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Pabcuam-on-Nerl, tab sis nws tau pom lub tuam tsev zoo sib xws hauv Staraya Ladoga-cov tuam tsev ua ntej Mongol tau ua raws li cov kab lus qub.
Txwv tsis pub thaij duab hauv pawg ntseeg. Kuv mus rau hauv nws. Kev kho dua tshiab tseem tab tom ua. Txhua phab ntsa, los ntawm pem hauv ntej mus rau qab nthab, pleev xim rau nrog cov xim tha xim (raws li tus neeg uas tsis nquag mus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, kuv xav tsis thoob thiab xav tsis thoob), thiab txhua yam tau rov qab los. Qhov kev qias neeg tshaj plaws yog qhov hla ntau lub frescoes koj tuaj yeem pom meej cov ntawv sau ua nrog cov khoom tsim kho, a la "Qhov tsis tau ntxuav horseradish Vasya nyob ntawm no." Kuv taug kev mus txog ib nrab ntawm lub tuam tsev, los ntawm qhov kuv pom, kuv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nco txog cov ntawv sau "Wiktor Ulanow" (yog, meej meej los ntawm "W"), tseem muaj cov ntawv sau kom meej meej hauv Polish. Leej twg ua rau lawv, nyob rau xyoo twg, tsis nug leej niam leej niam leej twg ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, tab sis qhov seem tseem nyob … Cov neeg uas sau tej yam tsis zoo ntawm phab ntsa, tib neeg, luv luv.
Peb tawm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tsav sab qab teb raws tib txoj kev (Efrosinya Polotskaya) tsis pub ntau tshaj ib thiab ib nrab mais. Peb yuav pom tus kwj hav, hauv qab uas tus dej Polota (Belarusian - Chamber) ntws, thiab tus choj. Tus choj tsis yooj yim. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 6-8 (19-21), 1812, thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Ob ntawm Polotsk, Cov tub rog Lavxias nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm General P. Kh. Wittgenstein thiab St. Petersburg pawg tub rog tua yeej lub cev ntawm Napoleon's Marshal Saint-Cyr; vim li ntawd, Fab Kis cov tub rog thiaj tawm hauv lub nroog mus. Nws nyob ntawm tus choj no uas muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav heev, tsis yog peb cov tub rog lossis cov tub rog ntawm "Cov Tub Rog Loj" tsis muaj ntshav. Thiab nws yog los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua no uas kev tso tawm ntawm thaj av Belarusian los ntawm Bonaparte cov tub rog tau pib. Thiab tus choj txij thaum ntawd los, txawm hais tias xyoo 1975 tsis yog tsob ntoo nws tau hnav ua pob zeb, nws hu ua Liab - los ntawm cov ntshav nchuav rau ntawm nws thiab ib puag ncig nws. Hauv kev nco txog kev sib ntaus sib tua, lub cim nco txog ntawm cov xwm txheej no tau teeb tsa rau sab qab teb ntawm tus choj.
Cia peb xav txog ib pliag tias cov neeg tawg rog siab, ua siab tawv tua tsiaj thiab … cov tub rog muaj hwj txwv tab tom tawm tsam ntawm rab phom loj thiab cov phom loj rau rab phom rau ntawm peb (saib sab qab teb, Fab Kis, sab). Cia peb hneev taw rau lawv! (Hais txog cov tub rog - nrog tus neeg Lavxias teb sab, thaum nws muaj rab hmuv hauv nws txhais tes, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm "koom nrog Tebchaws Europe" yuav tsum tsis koom nrog. Thiab tsis yog nrog Lavxias - Belarusian, Ukrainian, Georgian, Turkmen; feem ntau, dab tsi qhov sib txawv nws ua rau haiv neeg haiv neeg twg yog leej twg yuav faib European shako thiab lub kaus mom hlau nrog rab riam no. Thiab nws yuav faib …)
Peb yuav nqes mus ntxiv rau sab qab teb, mus rau Nizhne-Pokrovskaya Street, uas khiav raws Sab Hnub Poob Dvina. Thaum pib, ntawm ib lub toj (hu ua thaj tsam ntawm Upper Castle; tsuas yog cov seem ntawm qhov chaw seem tseem nyob ntawm qhov chaw tiv thaiv) yog St. Lub sijhawm tam sim no muaj lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj, qhia kev ncig, kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm lub cev nkauj xwb; tau muab phau ntawv qhia suab; tus saib xyuas zoo siab teb tag nrho cov lus nug.
Qhov no yog li cas lub tsev teev ntuj ntsia thawj zaug. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov phiaj xwm sib piv ntawm Kiev, Novgorod thiab Polotsk Sophia cathedrals. Lawv mus raws li thaj chaw: qhov loj tshaj plaws yog Kievsky, thaj chaw me tshaj plaws yog Polotsky. Tom qab tus qauv yog masonry liab qab.
Thaum pib Orthodox, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th lub tsev teev ntuj tau hla mus rau Uniates. Thaum Tsov Rog Sab Qaum Teb, nws tseem nyob hauv lub khw muag phom, thiab thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1710, nws tau tawg … Feem ntau, los ntawm 1750 lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab tau txhim tsa ntawm lub hauv paus qub thiab seem ntawm phab ntsa, twb nyob hauv Vilna Baroque style. Thiab pawg ntseeg tau dhau los ua Orthodox dua xyoo 1839, tom qab Polotsk Cathedral, uas tau muaj nyob hauv nws!
Thiab qhov no yog li cas lub tsev teev ntuj zoo li tam sim no. Sab hauv, los ntawm cov khoom pov thawj, muaj ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas ntawm pawg ntseeg Catholic thiab Uniate. Tsis tas li sau cov vuas (qee qhov nrog cov tsev neeg Polish tsho caj npab).
Nyob ze ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog lub pob zeb Borisov, tau teeb tsa hauv thaj chaw xyoo 1981. Yav dhau los, qhov piv txwv ntawm feldspar no nyob 5 kilometers deb, ntawm sab xis ntawm ntug dej Western Dvina. Cov ntawv ntawm yam uas tau sau rau ntawm nws, uas koj tus tub qhe txo hwj chim txhais los ntawm Belarusian ntawm lub phaj ze lub pob zeb ua lus Lavxias, txawv: raws li ib qho ntawm lawv, pob zeb cuam tshuam nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ntseeg Vajtswv nrog kev teev ntuj ("paganism" - Belarusian), nrog kev txhawb siab ntawm kev ntseeg tsis ntseeg nyob hauv thawj peb ntawm XII ib puas xyoo, thiab cov lus "Tus Tswv, pab koj tus tub qhe Boris", muab hlais hauv pob zeb, yog ntaus nqi rau Tub Vaj Ntxwv Boris Vseslavich; raws li lwm tsab ntawv, cov lus tau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua qoob loo tsis tiav thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis uas tshwm sim xyoo 1127-1128.
26.5 tons, yuav luag "peb caug-plaub" (T-34) hauv qhov qub los ntawm qhov hnyav! Kev coj noj coj ua, tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev. Tus ntoo khaub lig pom tau nyob rau sab saud.
Ib nrab ntawm peb txoj kev txuas ntxiv yuav hla nrog tib txoj kev Nizhne-Pokrovskaya, uas, raws li kuv tau hais, nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob Dvina. Txoj kev yuav nyob hauv ib puag ncig ntawm ib mais. Tsis muaj qhov txwv rau kuv qhov kev khuv xim thaum nyob ntawm lub qhov rooj Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Hauv Zos (Nizhne-Pokrovskaya Street, 11) Kuv nyeem: “04.06.2017. lub tsev khaws puav pheej raug kaw vim yog txheej txheem. Zoo, nws yog kev txaj muag, tab sis cia peb txav mus!
Kuv lees txim, yog tias kuv dhau los ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej -Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Simeon ntawm Polotsk thiab Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Belarusian Phau Ntawv Luam Ntawv - koj tsis tuaj yeem ua txhua yam ib zaug, peb yuav tso nws rau lwm lub sijhawm. Thiab qhov chaw nres tsheb tom ntej yuav yog "Chaw Nthuav Qhia" Taug kev nrog Nizhne-Pokrovskaya "(Nizhne-Pokrovskaya st., 33). Nws nyob hauv qhov hu ua "tsev ntawm Peter I". Auj, Kuv yuav siv kuv qhov kev paub txog lus Belarusian (thiab kev nkag siab zoo) los txhais cov keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev no mus rau niaj hnub Lavxias - vim li cas, ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj nyob ze txhua lub tsev khaws puav pheej, nws tau sau tsuas yog hauv Belarusian thiab lus Askiv!
Lub tsev tau tsim xyoo 1692 hauv Baroque style, thiab yog ib lub tsev nyob hauv tsev los ntawm lub sijhawm Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Xyoo 1705, Tsar Peter, tom qab ntawd raug hu ua Great, nyob ntawd. Thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, lub tsev raug puas ntsoog, xyoo 1949 nws tau kho thiab muab rau cov menyuam (dzitsyach - Belarusian) lub tsev qiv ntawv (yog, los ntawm txoj kev, yog li tsis muaj lus nug. Kuv cais cov lus no tsis yog los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tsis muaj kev xav li cas txog cov lus Belarusian uas kuv hwm heev, tab sis vim kuv pom cov lus thiab kab lus nthuav rau kuv tus kheej uas kuv tsis tau paub ua ntej. Yog, kuv txaus siab, ua siab ncaj! Hais txog, Mikado). Qhov kev nthuav tawm tshwm sim ntawm no hauv 1993, tom qab kho dua tshiab hauv 2008-2012 nws tau rov ua dua tshiab.
Ah, lub lauj kaub nyob zoo! Yog, thiab tus vaj ntxwv, nyob zoo, so hauv kev nplij siab. Thiab ua Vajtswv tsaug!
Kev nthuav tawm yog tsim los qhia Polotsk zoo li nws yog xyoo 1910, thaum lub chaw pov hwm Efrosinya ntawm Polotsk tuaj txog ntawm no. Koj puas paub muaj pes tsawg chav nyob hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej? Ob! Thiab qhov tseeb yog tias tshuav me me ntawm qhov ua ntej kev tawm tsam Polotsk (hauv ntau qhov hwm, ntoo) - tsov rog tau tshem ntau lub tsev. Thiab nws yog nyob hauv ob chav no uas cov khoom vaj khoom tsev thiab cov khoom thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th tau muab rau peb mloog. Cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo heev, lawv piav qhia thiab qhia txhua yam; koj tuaj yeem xaj daim ntawv qhia tam sim. Peb yuav muab los tshuaj xyuas cov khoom vaj khoom tsev ntawm tus kav nroog chav, lub nroog cov txhab nyiaj pej xeem (nrog cov piv txwv ntawm Nikolaev cov ntawv nyiaj hauv txhab nyiaj), Mints Trade khw, Dovid Arleevsky lub tsev tuaj xyuas, Boyarinblum lub tsev muag tshuaj (txawm li cas los xij, lub npe txaus siab!)
Koj puas xav tau tus noog ya hauv Dovid lub tsev tuaj xyuas (raws li ntawm daim paib, yog li kuv sau lub npe) ntawm Arleevsky? Koj puas paub dab tsi nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm rooj? Qab Zib! Koj, thov, tom koj tus kheej nrog tweezers, ntau npaum li koj xav tau. Txhawm rau tsav tus noog ya nrog tus yaj - Vajtswv nws tus kheej tau xaj!
"Nestlé yog. Menyuam cov mis hmoov. Cov kua mis los ntawm Nestlé! " Nws zoo li tias lub tuam txhab no tseem tsis tau paub tias qhov kev vam meej tos lawv nyob hauv Russia xyoo 2000.
Peb yuav tawm ntawm kev nthuav tawm thiab taug kev nrog Nizhne-Pokrovskaya me ntsis ntxiv, kom txog thaum kev sib tshuam nrog Txoj Kev Engels. Thiab tig sab laug mus rau nws.
Nqes los rau Dvina los ntawm Francisk Skaryna Avenue, cov tsev zoo. Ib qhov twg kuv twb pom ib puag ncig zoo li no. A! Hauv Vyborg, "lub nroog knightly" ntawm cheeb tsam Leningrad!
Nws tsis yog tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas kuv kos cov lus sib piv nrog lub nroog, uas muaj lub tsev fuabtais medieval nkaus xwb nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia, thiab qhov twg keeb kwm kev rov tsim kho tau zoo. Hauv lub tsev mus rau sab laug ntawm daim duab, st. Engels, 3, yog … Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Medieval Knighthood! Nws yuav ruam yog tias lub tsev cia puav pheej tsis nyob hauv ib lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia, tshwj xeeb yog ib qho uas muaj ntau txoj hauv kev keeb kwm txuas nrog Europe.
Tsev khaws puav pheej yog me me, 3-4 chav. Muaj tsawg tus neeg tuaj xyuas, tus neeg khaws nyiaj-phau ntawv qhia rau hauv daim tshev thiab muab pib rau kev tshuaj xyuas. Ib nrab lub teeb tau taws (teeb nrog cov kiv cua tsim qhov kev xav ntawm nplaim taws hauv lub teeb), lub suab khiav tau qhib. Lub suab poj niam zoo nkauj, nrog suab paj nruag nruab nrab, qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm thiab tus thawj coj tshwj xeeb. Cov neeg koom nrog raug hwm!
Kuv hais tam sim: txhua qhov khoom pov thawj yog rov ua dua. Tab sis peb yuav tsum them khoom plig rau cov neeg nyiam Polotsk - lawv tau qhib lub tsev khaws puav pheej zoo uas rov tsim lub Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab rau peb. Phau ntawv qhia ncig xyuas tau zoo heev, koj tuaj yeem thaij duab nrog ntau yam khoom pov thawj. Los ntawm txoj kev, rau cov ntaub ntawv - hauv txhua lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Polotsk kev yees duab yog pub dawb, txawm tias VDNKh tuaj yeem glued los ntawm koj cov duab tom qab. Thiab kuv yuav ua tus tshwj tseg - ib nrab tsaus ntuj (cov neeg tuaj saib) kav hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej no, thiab los ntawm koj tus tub qhe txo hwj chim tus kws yees duab zoo li tus neeg dhia tes. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo tsis yog tas li tshwj xeeb … Yog, kuv txaj muag!
Peb nkag mus, thiab tam sim ntawd peb hla hla Tatar hnav khaub ncaws! Oh-ho-ho, tam sim no kuv nco qab kab lus "Knights ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj (ntu 2)", luam tawm ntawm "Voennoye Obozreniye" thaum lub Tsib Hlis 22, 2017, uas yog qhov nthuav heev tham hauv lub rooj sab laj, nrog cov kab lus nthuav. Cov phooj ywg ntawm Tatars, tsis txhob poob siab! Kuv qhov tsis tseem ceeb (uas yuav nyob hauv kab lus txuas ntxiv, kuv tau cog lus rau txhua tus neeg) tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog Tatar tib neeg lossis keeb kwm - saib kev sib tham ntawm kab lus saum toj no; Kuv tsuas yog luag, thiab kuv vam tias kuv yuav ua rau koj luag ib yam nkaus. Koj yuav tsum luag, luag ntau zaus thiab ua siab ncaj!
Saber, lub kaus mom hlau tsis zoo, hneev nrog cov xub, lub kaus mom malachai dai ntawm sab xis - txhua tus cwj pwm ntawm tus tub rog ntawm cov steppes. Tam sim ntawd nco ntsoov qhov kev sib tham ntawm tsab xov xwm saum toj no los ntawm kuv, Kuv lees tias kuv tsis tau tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej ntawm Tatar cov tub rog tom qab thiab los ntawm hauv qab, thiab tsis pom tias puas muaj cov plaub hau txiav rau "lub taub qab liab qab" lossis tsis yog. Auj, qhov tsis suav nrog loj ntawm kuv ib feem! Qhov tseeb, nrog lub taub qab liab qab, nws yuav yooj yim dua los caij nees rau ob peb kaum kilometers thiab rhuav lwm txoj cai, zoo, lossis kom kov yeej Suav teb, piv txwv. Muaj tseeb, tom qab ntawd lub nroog Yeiuxalees yuav zoo li menyuam mos liab. Tab sis nrog Nyij Pooj nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm - cua yuav nce, tawg cov nkoj, thiab ntxiv rau yuav ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim ntawm kamikaze. Tab sis cov no yog trifles!
Tsis tas li hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov qauv uas rov ua Varangian cov tub rog, cov tub rog nyob nruab nrab Europe, cov tub rog Livonian, cov tub rog Milanese thiab lwm yam cuab yeej thiab riam phom. Ntaj, morgensterns thiab tus nplawm, replicas crossbows thiab sulits tau dai rau ntawm phab ntsa, paveses sawv rau hauv pem teb. Ntawd yog, ntau txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav.
Thiab qhov no yog li cas Livonian tus tij laug tau tawm. Kuv tsis paub yuav ua li cas ntseeg tau cov cuab yeej zoo li no los ntawm keeb kwm kev pom, tab sis nws zoo li ntxim nyiam - zoo li koj tau saib cov yeeb yaj kiab "Alexander Nevsky".
Ntawm no, yog tias koj saib zoo, "tshiab tshiab", ua ntej tshaj plaws, muab tawm cov cuirass. Tab sis yog li … txhua yam zoo dua li cov cuab yeej ntawm "hunchback Richard" hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Black Arrow" nrog nws "pyramids" ruam ntawm lub xub pwg …
Kuv yog.
"Toad lub kaus mom hlau" yog qhov phem me ntsis, tab sis tag nrho nws zoo!
Zoo, tsuas yog luam theej ntawm lub hauv paus los ntawm Royal Arsenal los ntawm Leeds hauv Askiv. Peb hais li cas? "Ua nrog tus ntsuj plig!"
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los yees duab hauv chav kawg, nws yog qhov kaj tshaj plaws. Muaj cov tsho tiv thaiv ntawm cov phab ntsa, muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm ob tus tub rog, nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa muaj lub kaus mom "toad lub taub hau"; muaj lub rooj loj, koj tuaj yeem zaum ntawm nws, ua piv txwv sau ib yam dab tsi nrog tus cwj mem ntawm parchment, koj tsuas tuaj yeem nqa ntaj lossis lwm yam riam phom thiab ua rau nws, dov koj ob lub qhov muag thiab puffing koj lub puab tsaig … Tsuas yog lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tus neeg yog txaj muag.
"Leej Txiv Dawb Huv tau coj Vajtswv txoj lus mus rau qhov tsaus ntuj, thiab txuj ci tseem ceeb cog lus rau kuv txoj sia nyob mus ib txhis" (pab pawg "Aria"). Kuv muaj qhov kev xav tias qhov hais lus tsis zoo no tsis xav kom kuv muaj dab tsi zoo. Nws tseem tsis kam lees txhua yam. Deboshiril - yog, nws seev cev liab qab hauv lub hli ntuj - yog, tab sis qhov tsis ncaj ncees. Tab sis qhov no, tus thawj, tseem yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj!
Ntawm qhov tod tes, chav nyob ib sab yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm chav tsim txom. Wb tsis txhob thab leej txiv dawb huv, cia peb mus ntxiv.
Thaum tau hais lus zoo rau tus poj niam zoo tshaj plaws -qhia, peb yuav tawm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej zoo heev thiab nce mus rau Txoj Kev Engels mus rau Francysk Skaryna Avenue - ib ntawm txoj hauv kev ntawm Polotsk, thiab tig sab xis mus rau nws. Tom qab ob puas thiab tsib caug metres, tawm tsam lub tsev naj npawb 32, peb yuav pom qhov khoom pov thawj zaum kawg rau hnub no. Nkees, huh? Kuv kuj yog me ntsis. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kawg yuav los sai sai no.
Xyoo 2000, Belarusian cov kws tshawb fawb Aleksey Solomonov thiab Valery Anoshko luam tawm lawv cov kev tshawb fawb, zoo li yog thaj chaw thaj tsam ntawm Tebchaws Europe nyob ze Polotsk, hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Lake Sho. Txawm hais tias muaj twb tau muaj ntau qhov xws li "cov chaw hauv thaj chaw" raws li txoj hauv kev sib txawv, lub cim nco txog rau qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb no tau teeb tsa, tab sis hauv Polotsk nws tus kheej, ntawm Francysk Skaryna Avenue, nrog lub cim xeeb Polotsk lub nkoj nyob saum (Kuv xav tias muaj tsis muaj cov naj npawb ntawm cov neeg uas xav kov lub nyob mus ib txhis thiab dawb huv, tshwj tsis yog cov neeg nuv ntses thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub zos, rau thaj tsam yog nyob deb nroog; tab sis ntawm ib qho ntawm txoj kev hauv plawv nroog - koj ib txwm txais tos, yuav muaj yog cov txaus siab). Koj puas tuaj yeem xav txog qhov nthuav dav rau keeb kwm keeb kwm tshiab hais txog Slavs? "Ib lub xyoo laus tshaj plaws ntawm Russia tau tsim nyob hauv thaj chaw thaj tsam ntawm Tebchaws Europe"! Nws tsis yog tsis muaj laj thawj, huag, yuav ua li cas yam tsis muaj laj thawj! Lawv (Slavs thaum ub) paub qee yam! Dab tsi yog qhov kev txhawb siab rau kev xav, xws li "Russia yog lub tebchaws ntawm ntxhw", "Slavs thaum ub tau tsim txhua lub ntiaj teb kev coj noj coj ua" (yog, thiab tib lub sijhawm lawv tau tsim lub ntiaj teb, Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub, thiab noj Cook)! Thiab tshiab "Ukrainian keeb kwm" feem ntau yuav nce phab ntsa nrog kev khib. Txawm hais tias … yog tias peb xav txog qhov ntawd, piv txwv li, Polotsk tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg Ukrainian thaum ub, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj, txawm hais tias tsis tau hais lus Mongolian-Muscovites hauv triuhs thiab balalaikas thiab lwm tus zoo li lawv caij, thiab rhuav tshem txhua yam … txoj kev xav ntxias heev tshwm sim rau cov uas nyiam rov sau keeb kwm!
Koj sho, koj puas tseem xav tias, sho "Ukraine - tse Europa"? Yog li no! Nov yog Belarus - qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm Europa!
Kuv cov phooj ywg, tej zaum kev taug kev yog tsim nyog xaus. Txawm hais tias peb tawm ntawm lub tsheb ntawm St. Sophia Cathedral, los ntawm no mus rau ib kilometers ob puas metres. Peb tseem yuav pom cov khoom pov thawj: lub tsev loj loj rau cov phab ej ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Xyoo 1812, ib lub cim rau Liberators ntawm Polotsk nrog ZiS-2 rab phom sawv ntawm ob sab (tsis tshua muaj neeg xaiv riam phom rau lub monument!) tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm Port Arthur, General Roman Isidorovich Kondratenko, uas kawm ntawm Polotsk cov tub rog ua si. Tsis tas li ntawd, Polotsk muaj tag nrho lwm cov khoom pov thawj, tsev khaws khoom pov thawj (piv txwv li, Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kev Ua Tub Rog Zoo Tshaj Plaws thiab Tsev khaws puav pheej-Chav Tsev ntawm tus poj niam zoo nkauj tuag-Zinaida Tusnolobova-Marchenko) thiab lwm yam nyiam. Leej twg xav tau tuaj yeem saib lawv tus kheej. Lub ncauj lus los tshuaj xyuas thiab sau kab lus rau ib tus neeg sau ntawv tsis muaj qhov kawg.
Kuv xav tias Polotsk tuaj yeem ua tsaug ua tsaug rau kev taug kev! Los ntawm ib lub nroog, txawm tias tsis yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab ib puag ncig, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab kev xav zoo, yog tias koj tsuas xav tau. Tom qab ntawd sau cov chaw nyob, cov sijhawm ua haujlwm, saib daim ntawv qhia chaw, nrhiav lub tuam txhab zoo (tseem ceeb heev!), Qhov seem yog teeb meem ntawm thev naus laus zis. Zoo nyob ze, thiab nws tau tso cai!
Ua tsaug koj, Mikado
