Cov xov xwm Askiv thiab Asmeskas nrov tshaj plaws, nrog rau peb cov xov xwm tshaj tawm hauv TV TV, tsis zoo li yuav qhia txog qhov no, vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej feem ntau yuav nyob tom qab ntawm qhov muag tsis pom thiab yuav tsis raug nthuav tawm. Peb yuav sim txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej kom ntxaws dua, tso siab rau kev ua haujlwm thiab phiaj xwm zoo hauv thaj av North Atlantic, qhov uas yav tom ntej tuaj yeem pom muaj ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb loj ntawm Lavxias Lavxias thiab NATO tuaj yeem tsim ob qho tib si los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm "Baltic nro" uas twb muaj lawm rau hauv kev tawm tsam tub rog, thiab pom thaum pib ntawm "Haiv Neeg Arctic" rau kev tswj hwm thaj tsam loj ntawm thaj av txuas ntxiv hauv hiav txwv Arctic. Peb tab tom tham txog kev caij nkoj hiav txwv Atlantic, uas tau pib rau hnub Saturday, Lub Kaum Hli 14, ntawm pab pawg tub rog caij nkoj me me ntawm Baltic Fleet ntawm Lavxias Navy, suav nrog ob txoj kev txhim kho cov phiaj xwm 20380 ("Ntse" nrog w / n 531 thiab " Boyky "nrog w / n 532) thiab ib lub nkoj nruab nrab nruab nrab nkoj pr.160" Cola "rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev qhia txog St. Andrew tus chij hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Atlantic. Kev taug kev tau tshaj tawm los ntawm tus sawv cev ntawm BF Roman Martov.
Thaum xub thawj siab, cov haujlwm ntawm pab pawg hais los ntawm Roman Martov yuav yog tus qauv zoo rau hom phiaj no thiab yuav txwv rau kev qhia ua haujlwm tiv thaiv submarine thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev sim ua submarine thiab huab cua huab cua, nrog rau kev ntsuas ntxiv cov khoom siv hauv kev ua yeeb yam hauv dej hiav txwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Corvettes tau nruab nrog Redut lub nkoj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tiv thaiv kab xev nrog 3x4 ntsug lub foob pob 3S97 rau 12 lub tsheb thauj khoom thiab tso lub khob, uas haum rau 48 9M100 tus kheej tiv thaiv cuaj luaj (thaj tsam 12-15 km), lossis 12 qhov ntev 9M96E / 2 (thaj tsam li 40 txog 150 km nyob ntawm txoj kev taug); tom kawg muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam kev txav txav cov khoom siv ballistic los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem kinetic "ntaus-rau-tua" thiab ntau yam qis SVN. Lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv nkoj tau muab rau 3K24 Uranus txoj haujlwm, sawv cev los ntawm 2x4 KT-184 lub foob pob nrog Kh-35U tiv thaiv cov nkoj. Kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv submarine tau ua los ntawm kev cog lus 324-mm torpedo complex "Packet-NK", tsim los tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab submarines tsis pub dhau ib puag ncig 20 km thiab tiv thaiv torpedoes hauv ib puag ncig ntawm 1400 m.
Dua li qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv ntawm peb cov KUG me me tsis tseem ceeb hauv kev sib piv nrog cov naj npawb tiv thaiv nkoj ntawm NATO Naval Forces hauv North Atlantic, qhov no tsuas yog cov dej khov nab kuab, qhov twg yog cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov haujlwm, ob qho tib si lus thiab piv txwv, tau zais "hauv qab dej". Raws li koj tau nkag siab lawm, peb ob lub nkoj thiab lub tsheb thauj khoom yuav tsis ua haujlwm hauv Atlantic ib leeg, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntseeg tau npog ntawm lub nkoj submarine tiv thaiv ntawm Sab Qaum Teb Fleet ntawm Lavxias Navy, uas yog ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Nws yog qhov tom kawg hauv qhov kev ua si ntawm miv thiab nas uas lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb ntawm cov haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws yuav raug tso cai.
Thawj qhov uas yuav tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov haujlwm saum toj no yog kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm kev qhib ib tus kheej qhov chaw siv tus yeeb ncuab hydroacoustic, radar thiab sib nqus txhais tau tias (RSL, nquag-passive sonar systems ntawm cov yeeb ncuab nkoj thiab submarines, nrog rau cov khoom sib nqus tsis sib xws. ntawm kev tiv thaiv submarine aircraft). Txhim kho kev hloov kho ntawm MAPLs pr. 971 K-328 "Leopard" thiab K-154 "Tiger" ("Txhim Kho Akula") K-157 "Vepr" ("Akula-II") thiab K-335 "Gepard" ("Akula" -III ") ib. Cov cim kos npe ntawm lub suab ntawm thawj ob qhov ntawm cov torpedo-nres submarine cruisers yuav luag sib xws rau cov khoos phis tawj niaj hnub Los Angeles-chav submarines nruab nrog lub suab nrov qis. Lub suab nrov ntawm "Tsov" thiab "Vepr" yog kwv yees li 4 - 5 zaug tsawg dua piv nrog txoj haujlwm thaum ntxov 671RTMK "Shchuka". Lub suab nrov ntawm lub nkoj submarine K-335 "Gepard" (hloov kho tshiab nrog NATO lub npe menyuam yaus "Akula-III") tseem qis dua thiab nyob rau qib ntawm ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines ntawm txoj haujlwm 885 / M "Yasen-M" thiab "block" thaum ntxov ntawm lub xeev "Virginias"; Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua ob-casing nqaj-hom qauv, qhov twg txhua lub tshuab ua haujlwm (chav tsim hluav taws xob chav OK-650M.01, ib leeg-ncej chav chav turbine chav OK-9VM, lub tshuab tseem ceeb ncig, thiab lwm yam) tau tso rau hauv kev poob siab -nqus cov thav duab thiab cov platform, tseem hu ua pawg.
Qhov no txhais li cas cuam tshuam nrog kev caij nkoj tam sim no ntawm peb KUG Baltic Fleet mus rau North Atlantic? Xav txog qhov tseeb tias Icelandic yam tsawg kawg yuav pib ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam los ntawm lub sijhawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm peb KUG pib, ua rau muaj cua daj cua dub coob heev thiab muaj teeb meem dej nyab tsis yooj yim, nws yuav nyuaj heev kom pom lub suab nrov qis. "Pike-B" los ntawm sonar txhais tau tias ntawm NATO OVMS. Cov hneev hneev hneev taw sonar systems, xws li AN / BQQ-10, nrog rau dav-aperture passive airborne AN / BQG-5A (teeb tsa ntawm Virginia chav kawm submarines) yuav tuaj yeem taug qab K-335 Gepard ntawm qhov deb ntawm 35 -40 km tsuas yog muaj cov dej zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau yog tias "Shchuka-B" nrawm dua 7-8 pob. Hauv peb qhov xwm txheej, tus neeg saib xyuas tiv thaiv "Pike-B" (lossis ib lub nkoj loj) yuav "nyiag" hla dej ntawm North Atlantic ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 4-5 pob, ua rau nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem pom lawv. Ntxiv nrog rau npog peb lub nkoj "Soobrazitelny" thiab "Boyky", cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm nuclear submarines ntawm Sab Qaum Teb Fleet yuav tsis ntseeg tias suav nrog kev tshawb nrhiav suab nrov ntawm cov submarines niaj hnub ntawm NATO cov tub rog.
Qhov txaus siab tshaj plaws hauv kev hais kom ua ntawm Lavxias Navy yog tshwm sim los ntawm Askiv ntau lub hom phiaj nuclear submarines ntawm chav kawm Astute. Nws yog cov submarines uas yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cheeb tsam "A2 / AD", uas yuav tsim nyob hauv Norwegian thiab North Seas thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cheeb tsam North Atlantic. Cov tswv yim, uas tau tawm los ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog hauv tebchaws Scotland, yuav tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv qhov muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv North Atlantic, tsis zoo li American Virginias. Tsis tas li, kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub suab nrov ntawm cov submarines no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev xav txog lawv txoj kev koom tes yav tom ntej hauv "Kev sib tw Arctic", qhov twg London thov kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv qab dej hauv thaj av Arctic. Qhov no tau ua pov thawj los ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 10, 2016 los ntawm Askiv tsab ntawv The Sunday Times, nrog rau kev hais kom ua los ntawm Royal Navy ntawm Great Britain, uas tshaj tawm tias yuav rov pib ua haujlwm tshiab ntawm British nuclear submarines hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Arctic.. Astute chav kawm MAPLs, tsim los ntawm BAE Systems, yog ib qho ntawm cov niaj hnub niaj hnub sab hnub poob nuclear tua submarines nrog rau Fabkis Barracuda chav kawm submarines thiab American Virginia submarines nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Hauv kev sib piv nrog qhov kawg, chav kawm Estute yog qhov sib txawv los ntawm qhov muaj lub foob pob hluav taws muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm 38 Tomahawk cuaj luaj thiab Spearfish torpedoes, siv los ntawm 6 hneev 533-mm torpedo tubes (hauv qhov sib txawv sib txawv raws li kev ua haujlwm tau ua).
Qhov tseeb, ib qho ntawm chav kawm Astute submarines muaj peev xwm ncav cuag txoj kab ntawm 40 UGM-109E Tomahawk Thaiv IV foob pob hluav taws submarines los ntawm Barents Hiav Txwv hauv txhua lub nroog hauv nruab nrab Russia. Nws yog vim li no tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm txhua qhov kev paub lub cev ntawm cov submarines ntawm chav kawm no kom yooj yim dua thiab ua tiav kev tshawb fawb thiab rhuav tshem lawv ntawm txoj kev nyob deb rau peb cov ciam teb hiav txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev saib xyuas suab nrov tsis tuaj yeem muab cais ua txoj haujlwm yooj yim, vim hais tias txawm tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tob ntawm 300 - 350 m (Shchuka -B tuaj yeem dhia mus rau 600 m), Estyut muaj qhov ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo uas tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam, thawj qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm "Virginia" thiab "Akula-II". Tshwj xeeb, lub nkoj submarines tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej niaj hnub "ntsiag to" dej-dav hlau los ntawm Rolls-Royce, thiab tsim qauv ntawm lub tshuab fais fab muab rau txhua qhov kev txo suab nrov thiab tiv thaiv kev co siv rau ntawm cov nkoj nto moo tshaj plaws, suav nrog Pike-IB. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob, chav siv hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheem rau kev muab cov foob pob hluav taws-torpedo / cov riam phom rau lub raj torpedo thiab lwm chav nyob tau teeb tsa tshwj xeeb rau lub tshuab nqus pa uas txo cov suab nrov mus rau 55-65 dB. Lub nkoj submarine lub hull tau npog nrog lub hnab ntim tshwj xeeb lub suab nrov. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm peb cov Pike-B chav dej submarines tuaj yeem "tshuaj xyuas" qhov kos npe zoo ntawm Astute. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, lawv muaj ntawm lawv qhov kev pov tseg tshwj xeeb lub zog muaj zog hydroacoustic complex MGK-540 "Skat-3" nrog cov lej suav tag nrho cov chaw, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua thiab tso tawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Qhov nyuaj yog sawv cev los ntawm qhov chaw muaj zog qhov ntswg hydroacoustic nrog lub cylindrical phased acoustic array raws li ntau dua 5 puas lub xov tooj cua, nrog rau txuas ntxiv onboard siab GASs, muab Project 971 Shchuka-B nrog thaj tsam azimuthal ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm 260 -300 degrees. Lub peev xwm ntawm txoj haujlwm tau ntxiv los ntawm qhov qis zaus GAS "Skat-3" nrog lub kav hlau txais xov txuas tau yooj yim nyob hauv UPV gondola ntawm tus ncej ntsug ruaj khov. MGK-540 "Skat-3" muaj lub siab tshaj plaws thiab kho vajtse-software lim rau xaiv cov suab nrov tiag tiag los ntawm cov dej hauv qab thiab cov tsheb nto tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm ntau yam tsis xws luag. Vim li no, thaj tsam ntawm kev taw qhia nrhiav rau lub hom phiaj hauv qab dej (hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov dej num zoo) tuaj yeem mus txog 220-230 km (thaj tsam thib peb ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, ua tiav nrog qhov hloov pauv loj). Kev cia siab 955 Borey cov phiaj xwm foob pob ua ntxaij submarines nruab nrog lub kaw lus zoo ib yam MGK-600B Irtysh-Amphora-B muaj qhov ua tau zoo ib yam. Qhov no yog piv rau Hom 2076 sonar system ntawm Astute submarine, uas muaj ntau dua 13,000 lub xov tooj cua.
Ntxiv rau MGK-540 Skat-3 SJC, Shchuka-B nqa ntawm lub nkoj ntau qhov chaw ntxiv hydroacoustic, suav nrog: GAS kho qhov pib ntawm cavitation ntawm MG-512 "Vint-M" propellers, GAS txheeb xyuas lub suab hauv dej nrawm MG-543 "Reflector", nrog rau GAS tshawb rau hauv qab thiab thauj tog rau nkoj MG-519 "Arfa-M". Thiab, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lub dav hlau tiv thaiv submarine ntev P-8A "Poseidon" tau ua haujlwm los ntawm Asmeskas Tub Rog ntau dua 4 xyoos, thiab ntau lub dav hlau raug sim los ntawm Asmeskas tshav dav hlau ntawm Jacksonville Navy (Florida) rau kev hloov pauv ntxiv mus rau British Air Force, tsis muaj ib lub tshuab twg tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov dej ntxeev siab ntawm North Atlantic rau qhov muaj peb lub suab nrov nrov nres cov nkoj loj nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm UK, Asmeskas lossis Norway. Tsis ntev los no, "Shchuk-B" hauv cov phiaj xwm Atlantic tseem yuav koom nrog lub cim thib 4 ntawm lub nkoj tua rog, pr. 885 "Yasen" thiab 885M "Yasen-M", uas thaum kawg yuav ua rau NATO AUG hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Atlantic tiv thaiv tsis tau tiv thaiv "Kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv lub nkoj tawm tsam txawm tias ib khub ntawm cov submarines no.
