Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kws sau keeb kwm Lavxias, cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm 18-20 ib-paus xyoo thiab niaj hnub ntseeg thiab tseem ntseeg tias yog li ntawd. Scythians thiab cov tib neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam (Cimmerians, Sarmatians, Roxalans, thiab lwm yam) cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau Russia, cov neeg Lavxias, super-ethnos ntawm Rus. Piv txwv li, Boris Rybakov ntseeg tias "Scythians-plowmen", raws li Herodotus, lawv nyob hauv thaj tsam Dnieper, koom nrog Pre-Slavs. Yuri Petukhov ntaus nqi rau Scythians rau super-ethnos ntawm Rus. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv nyob rau lub sijhawm puag thaum ub hauv keeb kwm ntawm Peb Niam, xav txog lub ntiaj teb Scythian thiab Scythians ntau dua. Nws tsis yog ib qho uas Byzantine cov peev txheej hu ua Russes ntawm thawj tus thawj ntawm Rurikovich tsev neeg "Tavro-Scythians", "Great Scythia".
Cimmerians thiab Preceding Cultures
Cov ntaub ntawv sau ntxov tshaj plaws muaj rau kev tshawb fawb yog hu ua Cimmerians raws li cov neeg qub tshaj plaws nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Hauv Phau Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum, Homer (piv txwv li, "Cimmerian") yog tus tub hlob ntawm Japheth-Iapetus, uas suav tias yog leej txiv ntawm txhua haiv neeg Indo-European (Aryan). Thiab, tus tub hlob ntawm Cimmerian yog Scythian, feem. Tom qab ntawv cov peev txheej Lavxias tau tshaj tawm tias Skif cov tub yog Rus thiab Sloven (Slaven). Peb pom kev ua tiav tas mus li - txij lub sijhawm puag thaum ub los txog niaj hnub no. Ib qho ntxiv, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias kev nthuav tawm lub npe "Cimmerian" tuaj yeem pom hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb: Greek Greek Homer-Cimmerian, Cimbri ntawm Jutland thiab Britain, thiab lwm yam.
Cov Cimmerians nyob rau sab qab teb Lavxias teb sab thaum pib ntawm Hnub Nyoog Hlau - 1 txhiab xyoo BC. NS. Tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb tias lawv cov kev vam meej tau hloov pauv ntau dua. Cov pov thawj keeb kwm qhia pom tias thaum lub Hnub Nyoog Bronze lig, 1600-1100. BC e., Cov hav zoov thiab hav zoov-steppe cheeb tsam ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Europe tau nyob los ntawm Srubnaya kab lis kev cai. Srubniki yog cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab tsiaj yug tsiaj ntawm Indo-European keeb kwm. Lawv yog cov thawj ntawm lub tebchaws Cimmerian. Srubnaya keeb kwm kev coj noj coj ua, nyob rau hauv, qhia tawm ua tiav txuas ntxiv nrog ntau haiv neeg qub: Catacomb (3-2 txhiab BC), Yamnaya (4-3 txhiab BC). Cov kab lis kev cai no tseem nyob ib puag ncig ntawm yav qab teb Russia. Yamnaya kab lis kev cai tau txiav txim siab "proto-Aryan": nws yog los ntawm nws thaj chaw thiab thaum lub sijhawm ntawd kev tsiv teb tsaws tau tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj kev sib ntxiv hauv thaj tsam loj ntawm Eurasia nyob rau xyoo thib 3 thiab thib ob xyoo txhiab BC. NS. ntau yam kev coj noj coj ua thiab tib neeg ntawm tsev neeg lus Indo-European.
Tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai no sib txawv hauv ib qho kev faus neeg hauv cov pob zeb (uas hais txog kev sib koom ntawm kev ntseeg kev ntseeg), nws txawv tsuas yog hauv cov ntsiab lus - ua ntej, lub qhov taub zoo ib yam tau ua nyob hauv qab lub pob zeb, tom qab ntawd cov qauv hauv daim ntawv catacomb, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd tau teeb tsa ntoo ntoo. Thoob plaws Lub Hnub Nyoog Bronze, muaj qhov txuas ntxiv hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, kev nyob, kev lag luam (sib txuas ua liaj ua teb ua liaj ua teb nrog kev ua nyuj nyob tsis tu ncua), hauv hom tsiaj txhu.
Cov Cimmerians yog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov kab lis kev cai qub no. Lawv yog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov neeg uas tau xaiv los nyob hauv lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv lub tsev, thaum lwm tus neeg Indo-Europeans tau nyob hauv Europe thiab Asia. Lub cim xeeb ntawm sab qaum teb cov poj koob yawm txwv lub tsev tau ntev tau khaws cia ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Is Nrias teb, Persia thiab lwm thaj chaw. Cov neeg nyob hauv Scandinavia thiab Ireland tseem nco txog "steppe". Scandinavian sagas qhia tias cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Normans tau los ntawm "Great Svitod" ("Malaya Svitod" - Sweden), Hiav Txwv Dub. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis yog tsis muaj dab tsi uas lub tswv yim ntawm Peb Reich, uas tiv thaiv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg German thaum ub thiab Scandinavians, ntseeg tias Crimea thiab Hiav Txwv Dub Hiav Txwv yuav tsum yog ib feem ntawm "Great Reich". Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Normans mus rau sab qaum teb tau ua nyob ib puag ncig qhov kawg ntawm xyoo txhiab thib 3 BC. NS. Raws li Edds, Odin muaj cov khoom nyob hauv Asia, sab hnub tuaj ntawm tus dej Tanais (Don). Kev sib txheeb ntawm cov neeg nyob sab Europe tau hnov txawm tias nyob rau lub sijhawm puag thaum ub thiab txawm tias nyob rau nruab nrab thaum ub. Thiab, Cov kws sau ntawv Greek thiab Roman tau siv lo lus "Celtic-Scythians", uas hais txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm sab hnub tuaj (Scythian) thiab sab hnub poob (Celts) "barbarians sab qaum teb".
Nws yog qhov tseeb tias Cimmerians thiab Scythians (lawv tus kheej lub npe, raws li Greek cov peev txheej, chipped) yog tus txais ncaj qha ntawm kev coj noj coj ua yav dhau los. Tab sis keeb kwm sau hauv 18-20 xyoo pua, thiab nws tau sau nyob rau hauv thaj chaw muaj tiag ntawm lub tebchaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, nthuav qhia keeb kwm ntawm Eurasian steppes raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm qee tus neeg los ntawm lwm tus. Raws li txoj kev xav no, ib tus neeg uas los ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj chaw nyob thiab tua lwm tus. Thiab yog li nws tau rov ua dua thiab rov ua dua. Cov neeg "Aryans" thaum ub ploj mus thiab tawm mus, lawv tau hloov los ntawm "cov neeg tshiab" - Cimmerians, tom qab ntawd Scythians thiab Sarmatians tig los, thiab lwm yam. yog cov neeg nyob ze tshaj plaws thiab cov txheeb ze ntawm Cimmerians, yog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm tib lub Srubnaya keeb kwm kev coj noj coj ua. Kev txav ntawm Scythians mus rau sab hnub poob tsis yog los ntawm "qhov tob ntawm Asia", tab sis los ntawm Volga. Tsis muaj pov thawj pom tias Scythians tau tshem tawm tag nrho lossis tshem tawm Cimmerians. Feem coob ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm Scythia ntawm Cov Hnub Nyoog Hlau yog tib cov tib neeg ua ntej - "Cimmerians".
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj pov thawj qhia tias Cimmerian lub nceeg vaj (kev ua vajntxwv kav lawv lub tebchaws) poob rau hauv cov neeg Scythians. Kwv yees li 800 BC. NS. kev tuag ntawm kev sib hais ntawm Kobyakovskaya (lig tawg) kab lis kev cai hauv qis Don belongs. Cov ntawv sau keeb kwm qub qhia txog nws. Thaj, nyob rau lub sijhawm no muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb. Lub Cimmerian lub nceeg vaj (dynasty) tau hloov los ntawm Scythian, tab sis feem coob ntawm cov pejxeem tsis mus qhov twg, ua rau feem coob ntawm cov pejxeem. Tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg ua raws tus thawj coj - Cimmerians tshwm sim hauv Asia Me Me thiab ntawm Balkan Peninsula.
Dab tsi yog paub txog Cimmerians thiab Scythians?
Lub npe ntawm cov neeg "Cimmerians", pom tseeb, los ntawm lo lus "steppe" (Hittite "gimra" - "steppe"). Ntawd yog, cov no yog "cov neeg ruam". Qhov txaus siab, qhov kev coj ua no - hu rau kev koom ua ke ntawm pab pawg los ntawm lub npe cheeb tsam - tau khaws cia tom qab. Sib piv: "glade" - kev koom ua ke ntawm pab pawg Slavic nyob hauv hav zoov -steppe cheeb tsam ("teb"), "Drevlyans" - nyob hauv hav zoov, thiab lwm yam "Scythians" hu ua Sab Qab Teb Lavxias teb sab steppe Greeks, lawv hu lawv tus kheej "chipped " - sawv cev ntawm Tsar Kolo (Koloksay, lo lus" ksay "txhais tau tias" huab tais, tub huabtais "). Lo lus "kolo" hauv lus Slavic txhais tau tias "vajvoog" (lub hnub ci vajvoog). Nws yog txuam nrog kev ntseeg hnub ci.
Raws li keeb kwm keeb kwm yav dhau los, Scythians tau ua tus kav Asia tag nrho peb zaug. Thawj lub sijhawm tau kav ib thiab ib nrab txhiab xyoo thiab xaus ib puag ncig 2054 BC. NS. Yog li, Scythians tau kav Asia nyob rau xyoo 36 thiab 21st. BC e., Thaum Hnub Nyoog Bronze. Lub sijhawm no ua ke nrog kev muaj nyob ntawm Yamnaya kab lis kev cai thiab pib ntawm Catacomb kab lis kev cai. Raws li twb tau sau tseg lawm, cov kab lis kev cai no qhia txuas ntxiv mus, tab sis nws tau pom meej tias lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm ib kab lis kev cai mus rau lwm qhov qhia txog qee qhov kev coj noj coj ua hauv zej zog loj, muaj peev xwm hloov pauv kev ntseeg, txhim kho sab hauv. Lawm, nyob rau lub sijhawm no Great Scythia tsis muaj zog thiab poob qee qhov nws muaj kev cuam tshuam rau thaj tsam ib puag ncig. Cov peev txheej qub tau qhia txog qhov xwm txheej geopolitical dav dav, txawm hais tias lawv tsis tau qhia cov ntsiab lus rau peb.
Thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 21-13th. BC NS. hais txog "lub nceeg vaj ntawm Amazons", uas tau cuam tshuam nrog Scythia. Raws li Pompey Trog, lub nceeg vaj no tau tsim los ntawm Scythian cov hluas ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe Plin thiab Skolopit. Greek dab neeg dab neeg hais txog "Amazons" qhia meej txog qhov kev coj noj coj ua tiag ntawm Scythian cov poj niam.
Nyob rau xyoo pua 16th BC. NS.sau tseg qhov tshwm sim hauv thaj av Hiav Txwv Dub ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm ntau cov vuas luaj, uas tsis txawv rau Scythians. Tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qhia txog kev swb uas Scythians raug kev txom nyem los ntawm Thracians. Ib qho ntxiv, lub sijhawm no Catacomb kab lis kev cai tau tso tseg, ntxiv rau, txhua thaj av sab hnub poob ntawm kab lis kev cai no tau nyob hauv zej zog ntawm "ntau yam kab lis kev cai". Thiab dhau ntawm Don mus rau Urals, Srubnaya kab lis kev cai tau tsim, uas txuas ntxiv cov kev coj noj coj ua hauv zos. Cov kab lis kev cai ntau-yob thiab Srubnaya tau sib cais los ntawm kab ntawm cov fortresses ntawm Sab Qaum Teb. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th. BC NS. cov Scythians rov qab los lawv txoj kev muaj yeej ntawm thaj chaw ntawm niaj hnub Ukraine. Srubnaya kab lis kev cai kov yeej.
Hauv xyoo pua 13th, lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm Scythian txoj cai hauv Asia tau tsim. Danai-Tanaites (Donets), coj los ntawm Achilles, koom nrog kev ua phem thiab ntes Troy. Kev ntxeem tau ntawm "cov neeg ntawm hiav txwv" nqis rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Mediterranean - Scythians, tom qab raug ntes ntawm Bosphorus, nkag mus rau Aegeis, siv txoj kev hiav txwv hauv kev ua tub rog. Cov peev txheej qub qhia txog kev ua tsov rog ntawm Scythians nrog Egypt. Ntxiv mus, cov neeg Iyiv txawm sim ua rau Scythia, tab sis yeej swb lawm. Paul Orosius sau hnub ua tsov rog no rau 1234 BC. NS. Kev ntxeem tau ntawm "sab qaum teb barbarians" coj mus rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Hittite lub nceeg vaj hauv Asia Me Me, mus txog Palestine thiab daws teeb meem rau Egypt. Cov peev txheej hauv Iyiv hu rau "cov neeg ntawm hiav txwv" gits (geths), thiab qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov npe feem ntau ntawm cov Scythians. Thaum lub sijhawm Herodotus, "Getae" nyob ntawm Danube, "Fissagets" ntawm Volga, thiab "Massagets" hauv Central Asia. Cov duab ntawm "giths" zoo ib yam li cov duab ntawm Cossacks ntawm lub caij nyoog nruab nrab - txiab, nrog cov plaub hau ntev thiab lub xub pwg nyom, lub hau ntswj, lub ris, khau looj plab hlaub. Cov peev txheej hauv Lavxias tseem qhia txog kev ua tsov rog ntawm Scythians nrog Egypt: Nikanor Chronicle hais txog kev tawm tsam Egypt los ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov neeg Lavxias - cov kwv tij Scythian thiab Zardan. "Zardan" yog qhov sib piv nrog lub npe ntawm ib ntawm "Cov Neeg Hiav Txwv" uas tau tawm tsam Egypt - "Shardans". Qee lub sijhawm tom qab kev tawm tsam Egypt, cov Shardans tau ntes cov kob ntawm Sardinia (lawv muab nws lub npe).
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1100-1000. BC NS. Kev coj noj coj ua raug rhuav tshem. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm "Scythians" (sab hnub tuaj ntawm yav dhau los hauv zej zog) thiab "Cimmerians" (sab hnub poob). Tab sis cov no tsis yog ob haiv neeg sib txawv. Tus kws sau keeb kwm Lavxias GV Vernadsky sau tau raug heev tias "… txij li lub sijhawm dhau los cov thawj coj tshiab tau txiav txim siab tswj hwm lub tebchaws, thiab txawm tias muaj qee pawg neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw, feem coob ntawm cov pejxeem hauv nroog tseem nyob, tsuas yog siv cov ntshav sib xyaw ua ke. neeg txawv teb chaws”(GV Vernadsky. Ancient Russia). Ciam teb nruab nrab ntawm Cimmerian lub nceeg vaj (nws nthuav los ntawm Carpathians thiab qis Danube sab hnub poob mus rau thaj av Azov) thiab Scythia yog Don. Kwv yees li 800 BC NS. txoj kab tau tawg. Ntxiv mus, "kev ntxeem tau" ntawm Scythians yuav tsum nkag siab tsis yog qhov kev tawm tsam tsis tau xav txog ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws tshiab, tab sis raws li kev hloov pauv sab hauv (Scythians thiab Cimmerians koom nrog tib yam kev coj noj coj ua qub, kev coj noj coj ua). Kwv yees li 800 BC. NS. nyob rau sab qab teb Lavxias teb sab, kev tswj hwm lub zog hloov pauv, ib lub xeem tau hloov los ntawm lwm qhov. Qhov no yog qhia ncaj qha los ntawm Herodotus. Nws tshaj tawm tias kev ua ntej ntawm Scythians ua rau muaj kev sib cais ntawm Cimmerians. Cov neeg tseem ceeb txiav txim siab tawm tsam kom txog thaum kawg, thiab cov tib neeg tau txhawb nqa "cov neeg ntxeev siab". Kev tsov rog hauv zej zog tau pib. Lub Cimmerian txiav txim siab cov neeg tseem ceeb tau swb, thiab Scythians tau nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm thaj av Azov thiab Hiav Txwv Dub zoo yam tsis muaj kev sib ntaus. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, Vernadsky txawm hais qhia tias Cimmerian cov neeg tseem ceeb yog neeg txawv tebchaws cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg. NI Vasilieva (tus sau ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb "Great Scythia") hais txog kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev sib raug zoo: muaj "kev lwj" ntawm cov chav txiav txim, kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm zej zog ua pawg, poob peev txheej tiv thaiv. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Cimmerian lub nceeg vaj, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv pej xeem. Tsuas yog cov pawg txiav txim tau raug rhuav tshem. Scythians tuaj txog tsim cov neeg tseem ceeb tshiab.
Nyob rau xyoo pua 7. BC NS. theem peb ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Scythians hla Asia pib. Cov Scythians tau tawm tsam Media, Syria, Palestine, tsim lawv tus kheej lub xeev tsim hauv Asia Me Me. Qhov tseeb tias Scythians muaj pab tub rog muaj peev xwm ua tau yeej cov tub rog ntawm cov xeev tsim tau hais txog kev txhim kho kev lag luam ntawm Scythia. Nws ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua rau cov tub rog loj thiab tsim cov nkoj.
Great Scythia
Thaum pib ntawm 1st txhiab xyoo BC. NS. siv tag nrho thaj tsam steppe ntawm Eurasia tau nyob hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Scythian kev vam meej. Nws yog haiv neeg kev coj noj coj ua hauv zej zog koom ua ke los ntawm kev sib txheeb thiab kev koom siab ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Cov chaw tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm ntawm Great Scythia tau pom los ntawm Danube mus rau Suav Phab Ntsa. Ntxiv mus, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob txheeb xyuas thaj tsam ntawm Scythia nkaus xwb nrog thaj tsam steppe. Cov neeg sau feem ntau ntawm cov txheej thaum ub tau sib cav hais tias nyob rau sab qaum teb, Scythians raug rau thaj chaw hav zoov thiab thaj av mus txog qhov hav zoov hav zoov uas tsis muaj sia nyob. Kev loj hlob ntawm Scythians tuaj yeem taug hauv lwm thaj tsam ntawm Asia: hauv Europe nruab nrab, Asia Me, Persia, India, Suav. Nws yog qhov txaus siab tias thaj chaw ntawm Great Scythia nyob hauv thaj av ib yam li cov neeg Lavxias (super-ethnos ntawm Rus). Muaj tseeb, ib feem ntawm thaj chaw tam sim no ploj vim muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lig 20 - thaum ntxov 21st caug xyoo.
Nyob rau hauv Great Scythia, muaj ntau thaj tsam, thaj chaw thiab koom haum ua nom ua tswv. Cov no yog Scythians, nrog cov neeg Greek tau ntsib ncaj qha, lawv nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm Danube mus rau Volga.
Lawv cov neeg nyob ze sab hnub tuaj txij li xyoo pua 6 BC. NS. muaj Sarmatians-Savromats. Thaum xub thawj, lawv nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm yav qab teb Urals. Sarmatians, thaj, yog cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm ib feem ntawm Andronov kab lis kev cai. Qhov kev coj noj coj ua no tau tsim los ntawm Yamnaya thiab npog lub sijhawm txij li xyoo 17th-9th xyoo pua BC. NS. Kwv yees li 600 BC. NS. Sarmatians tuaj rau Volga thiab Don, thiab nyob rau xyoo pua 2 BC. NS. nyob tag nrho thaj tsam sab qaum teb Dub Hiav Txwv, qhov tseeb rov hais dua "kev paub" ntawm Scythians. Raws li Herodotus, Sarmatians yog xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Scythians thiab "Amazons", lawv tau hais "lus" Scythian lus. Ntawd yog, Scythians thiab Sarmatians yog ib tus neeg, lawv muaj thaj tsam me me sib txawv thiab muaj kev txiav txim siab sib txawv.
Cov av nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Hiav Txwv Caspian, thaj av Aral thiab Central Asia tau nyob hauv Massagets (hauv Is Nrias teb thiab Persia lawv hu ua Saks). Cov peev txheej Persian hais tias tsuas yog ib tus neeg nyob hauv thaj av no - Saki.
Nyob rau sab qab teb Siberia, Semirechye nyob Issedons, zoo ib yam li Scythians (lawv feem ntau txheeb xyuas nrog Usuns paub los ntawm Suav cov peev txheej) thiab Arimasps (lossis "Areimans" - cov neeg zoo li Aryans). Indo-Europeans-Caucasians nyob tsis tau tsuas yog Sab Qab Teb Siberia, tab sis tseem nyob hauv nruab nrab Asia, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Tibet thiab Tuam Tshoj Sab Qaum Teb. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias Indo-Europeans-Aryans, Great Scythia tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau Suav kev vam meej-yog xav paub ntau ntxiv, saib kab lus Suav Civilization thiab Great Scythia. Ntau lub tebchaws ntawm Ancient Tuam Tshoj thiab lawv cov dynasties tau tsim los ntawm Indo-European Aryans. Nrog rau Qin dynasty, uas thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 3. BC NS. lub hauv paus ntawm kev koom siab nrog Suav teb.
Tsis muaj ib tus neeg sau keeb kwm yav dhau los uas tau sau txog Scythians thaum ub qhia txog kev sib txawv ntawm cov lus ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Scythia. Qhov no qhia tias thaj chaw dav tau nyob ntawm ib tus neeg. Txhua lub npe ntawm Scythian "tib neeg" yog kev xaiv chaw. Zoo li Slavic "thaj av", pab pawg sib koom ua ke ntawm cov Hnub Nyoog Kawg thaum ntxov.
Hmo ntuj ntawm kev vam meej no yog 800-400 BC. NS. (theem peb ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm Scythians hauv Asia). Lub sijhawm no, nyob rau sab qab teb, Great Scythia suav nrog Persia, Sab Qaum Teb Is Nrias teb thiab thaj tsam sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Tuam Tshoj hauv nws qhov kev cuam tshuam. Ntau lub tebchaws tau txiav txim los ntawm dynasties thiab txiav txim siab cov neeg tseem ceeb uas yog "Aryan" keeb kwm. Tus kws sau keeb kwm Loos Pompey Trog tshaj tawm tias Scythians yog tus tsim lub tebchaws Parthian thiab Bactrian. "Cov Scythians ua tiav kev tswj kav Asia txog peb zaug; lawv tus kheej tsis tu ncua lossis tsis kov yeej los ntawm cov neeg txawv tebchaws."
Hauv Great Scythia, tau tsim cov hlau hlau, lawv tsim cov riam phom zoo. Kev kos duab ntawm kev ua tsov rog, raws li kev ua tub rog, nres sai thiab thim rov qab, zoo heev ntawm kev txawj ntawm tus neeg caij nees thiab tus hneev taw, yuam kom hwm lub zog ntawm Scythians. Tsuas yog qhov txaus ntshai rau Great Scythia yog cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig, cov vaj ntxwv, uas tau lees paub lawv cov tub rog kev coj noj coj ua zoo. Cov neeg Persians ua tsov rog (Parsis, cov neeg ntawm Indo-European-Aryan zej zog) tau sim ob zaug los tua Great Scythia-xyoo 530 BC. NS. hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tawm tsam Massagets (Scythians ntawm Central Asia), Cyrus II the Great tau swb tag thiab tuag, xyoo 512 BC. NS. Darius I the Great tau ua txhaum kev txeeb chaw ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub ntawm Scythians. Tab sis cov Scythians siv cov txuj ci hauv ntiaj teb kub hnyiab, thiab kev ua tub rog ntoj ke mus xaus rau hauv kev puas tsuaj, cov tub rog Persian uas tsis muaj zog tau swb lawm. Darius nws tus kheej ua txuj ci tseem ciaj sia.
Ua tsis tiav, thiab kev sim siab ntawm Macedonians los nthuav lawv qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi ntawm Scythia. Alexander Filippych tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho nws tus kheej hauv Central Asia, nws cov thawj coj tsis tuaj yeem tsoo hla Danube.
Nws yog kev ua tub rog muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau ntiaj chaw, uas tau ntau pua xyoo tswj hwm thaj tsam loj ntawm Eurasia. Tsuas yog cov kev muaj tiag ntawm thaj av ntawm ib puag ncig tsis ntev los no tiv thaiv cov keeb kwm los ntawm kev lees paub tias txhua qhov kev txhim kho kev vam meej muaj nyob ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm Great Scythia. Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, kev vam meej ntawm Western Asia, Ancient India, Ancient Tuam Tshoj - tsis yog lub siab nyiam ntawm Ntiaj Teb Ancient, nws yog Scythia. Great Scythia tau los ntawm tus Dej Hiav Txwv Dej Dej, Tibet thiab North India mus rau Central Europe thiab Palestine. Ntxiv mus, "sab qaum teb cov neeg phem" tsis yog tsuas yog ua tub rog-nom tswv dav hlau. Qib ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm lawv cov kev lag luam tsis qis dua li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Sab Qab Teb. "Barbarians" ntawm Sab Qaum Teb yog thawj tus nees nees, tsim lub tsheb nees, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev thauj mus los. Nws ntseeg tias thawj kauj ruam hauv kev cog qoob loo tau ua nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Central Russia Upland. Cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb ntxov tshaj plaws paub nyob hauv cov chaw ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Asia thiab Sab Qaum Teb Tuam Tshoj - sau, barley, millet - tuaj ntawm Central Europe. Raws li N. I. Vasilieva, "hais txog qib kev txhim kho ntawm" thev naus laus zis ", cov neeg nyob sab Europe sab hnub tuaj thiab thaj tsam steppe ntawm Asia tsis tsuas yog tsis poob qab cov neeg ntawm lub tebchaws sov, tab sis tau ua ntej ntawm lawv."
Ib qho ntxiv, yuav luag tag nrho cov kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub tau tsim los ntawm cov dab neeg (kev coj noj coj ua ntawm sab ntsuj plig) ntawm "barbarians" ntawm Sab Qaum Teb. Vedas thiab Avesta (zoo li lwm cov ntawv sau ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd), uas dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm Khab thiab Iranian kab lis kev cai, tuaj nrog Aryans los ntawm sab qaum teb. Cov lus dab neeg Greek yog ua los ntawm epic "barbarians" uas tuaj ntawm Sab Qaum Teb (Hyperborea). Yuav luag txhua tus vajtswv ntawm Olympus, suav nrog Zeus, Apollo, Lethe, Artemis, Ares, Poseidon, thiab lwm yam, tsis yog neeg Greek keeb kwm, lawv cov duab tau coj los npaj ua los ntawm sab qaum teb. Nyob rau sab qab teb, lawv tsuas yog dai kom zoo nkauj. Muaj qhov kev xav tias thawj qhov kev sau ntawv, uas txhua qhov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kawm thiab cov ntawv sau uas tau siv los ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm Mediterranean thiab South Asia, kuj tau tsim nyob rau sab qaum teb Eurasia. Piv txwv li, GS Grinevich, tus kws sau txoj haujlwm "Proto-Slavic Writing", ua raws li qhov kev xav no.
Great Scythia tseem tau muab lub ntiaj teb ua qauv zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm kev nom tswv thiab kev sib raug zoo - lub xeev -kev sib koom ua ke ("kev sib tham" ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, los ntawm lo lus "sib tham" - "zej zog"). Nws tau nce qib ntau dua li cov tebchaws qhev nyob rau Sab Qab Teb.
Lub nroog ntawm Scythians thiab lawv cov neeg nyob ze uas tau muaj ua ntej lub sijhawm tshiab (raws li I. E. Koltsov) 1 - Scythians ntawm Dnieper; 2 - neurons; 3 - agathirs; 4 - androphages; 5 - melanchlens; 6 - gelons; 7 - pob kws; 8 - Sarmatians; 9 - hom; 10 - daim ntawv; 11 - cov; 12 - Scythians sib cais; 13 - argippaeus; 14 - Issedones; 15 - qhov chaw; 16 - Hyperboreans; 17 - cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Kalmyks; 18 - Massagets; 19 - muaj koob muaj npe Scythians; 20 - Yenisei Scythians; 21 - Scythians ntawm Indigir; 22 - Trans -Volga Scythians; 23 - Volga -Don Scythians
