Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab

Cov txheej txheem:

Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab
Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab

Video: Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab

Video: Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab
Video: Yuav tawm ntawm txoj kev txom nyem tau li cas? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Cov tub rog Lavxias tau ua tub rog nrog ntau yam riam phom. Ntaj ntawm ntau yam tseem nyob hauv kev pab rau lub sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws. Thawj qhov piv txwv zoo li qub hauv pab tub rog Lavxias hnub rov mus rau xyoo pua 10, thiab kev siv saber txuas ntxiv mus yuav luag txog thaum pib xyoo pua 20th. Yog li, sabers tau dhau los ua hom uas muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm riam phom nyob hauv peb pab tub rog. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm sabers, tso ntau dua ib txhiab xyoo dhau los, tau dhau los ua qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tom qab.

Riam phom los ntawm steppes

Nws tau paub tias thawj qhov sib txawv ntawm saber tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 7th-8th. thiab kis tau sai thoob plaws ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Eurasia. Vim tias muaj tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, saber yog riam phom yooj yim rau cov tub rog caij nees, uas tau pab txhawb nws txoj kev sib kis sai hauv ntau thaj tsam. Yav tom ntej, cov riam phom zoo sib xws tshwm ntawm cov Slavs Sab Hnub Tuaj.

Ancient Russia tau paub nrog saber hauv 9th-10th ib-paus xyoo. nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog raids ntawm nomads. Thawj qhov riam phom zoo li no tau lees paub los ntawm cov thawj tswj hwm nyob rau Sab Qab Teb thiab Sab Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj, uas ua rau lub suab nrov nrov. Cov tub rog Lavxias qub tau ua raws li kev hloov pauv txawv teb chaws thiab sim ua raws li cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws. Tib yam tshwm sim nrog saber, tab sis nws nyob deb tam sim tuaj yeem nthuav qhia nws lub peev xwm.

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Thaum tig los ntawm ob txhiab xyoo, ob lub riam phom tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv pab tub rog Lavxias ib zaug - ntaj thiab saber. Ntaj sai tau tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab dhau los ua riam phom loj. Dhau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, saber tsis zoo rau nws hauv kev faib khoom thiab feem ntau tseem yog riam phom tshwj xeeb.

Nws yog qhov xav paub tias hauv thawj lub sijhawm saber tsis yog tsuas yog tub rog siv riam phom, tabsis tseem yog cov khoom xwm txheej. Ntau qhov kev pom pom tau rov qab los rau lub sijhawm no. Hauv ntau qhov kev faus neeg, sabers tau pom nrog kev ua tiav tiav, qhia qhov xwm txheej thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm tus tswv hauv zej zog.

XI-XII ib. muaj qhov nce ntawm cov sabers, thiab tib lub sijhawm nce ntxiv hauv lawv cov feem hauv kev faib. Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau kawm tiav, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce cov zis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, pom kev sib kis ntawm sabers. Yog tias ua ntej lawv tau siv tsuas yog nyob rau yav qab teb cov thawj coj, tom qab ntawd los ntawm XI caug xyoo. mus txog Minsk thiab Novgorod.

Tsim nta

Sabers ntawm Ancient Rus yuav luag tsis txawv hauv lawv qhov kev tsim los ntawm riam phom zoo sib xws hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Kev tsim kho ntawm kev tsim qauv tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv kwv yees tib txoj kev ib yam li txawv teb chaws. Sij hawm dhau los, cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov hniav tau hloov pauv, thiab tib lub sijhawm qhov hilt tau txhim kho.

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Qhov qub tshaj plaws Lavxias sab sabers muaj ib rab ntaj ib sab ntev li 1 m ntev thiab li 3-4 cm dav nrog khoov me ntsis. Los ntawm XII caug xyoo. cov hniav tau ntev li 10-15 cm ntev thiab dhau los ua qhov dav me ntsis. Kev khoov kuj nce ntxiv thiab qhov nce ntxiv. Yog li, sabers tom qab sib txawv los ntawm lawv cov neeg ua ntej hauv lub zog loj dua ntawm chopping tshuab, ntxiv rau kev txiav txiav siab dua. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, cov kev hloov pauv no txuas ntxiv mus, uas yav tom ntej coj mus rau qhov pom ntawm txawm tias ntau nkhaus sabers.

Sabers Lavxias thaum ntxov, feem ntau yog dai kom zoo nkauj, tau sib txawv los ntawm cov txheeb ze nyuaj ntawm kev tsim khoom. Thaum lub sij hawm forging, hlau thiab hlau daim hlau tau txuas, thiab cov hniav tiav tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog tooj liab lossis tooj liab. Tom qab, raws li saber tau nthuav tawm, cov thev naus laus zis yooj yim tau siv. Pom hlau sabers nrog cov hlau txuas hlau lossis cov cemented cov qauv hlau. Lawm, zoo li sabers tsis tau dai kom zoo nkauj hauv txhua txoj kev.

Lub hilt tau nquag hloov pauv. Muaj ntau ntau hom kev tiv thaiv thiab pommel, tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv thiab thaj chaw. Thaum pib, hauv tebchaws Russia, muaj cov neeg tiv thaiv ncaj nrog cov pob ntawm qhov kawg, tseem pom nyob hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Tom qab ntawd, cov duab ntawm cov khoom no tau hloov pauv. Cov tuab tuab ploj mus, qhov kawg tau ntev dua thiab khoov kom yooj yim dua ntawm kev txiav thiab tiv thaiv tes ntxiv.

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Hiking thiab equestrian

Vim yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ntev, dav thiab khoov, saber muaj kev sib tsoo thiab txiav ua ke. Qhov kawg ntawm ob sab kuj tseem tso cai txhaj tshuaj. Ua tsaug rau cov txuj ci no, saber tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov tub rog tua rog lossis cov neeg caij nees. Hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, nws muaj qhov zoo dua ntaj nrog lub ntsej muag ncaj, ob-ntug ntug.

Raws li paub cov ntaub ntawv, kev faib loj ntawm saber hauv Russia tau cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho cov tub rog. Nws yog cov neeg caij nees uas yog cov neeg siv tseem ceeb ntawm sabers, uas tau lees paub los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm. Tsis tas li, sabers tau siv hauv cov tub rog, tab sis nyob hauv qhov me me thiab tsuas yog hauv qee thaj tsam.

Saber Lavxias qub tsim thiab tau siv ua ke nrog ntaj, thiab ob lub riam phom no tuaj yeem sib tw ua ke. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem no tau daws qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv cov tub rog ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov thawj coj, ntaj tseem yog riam phom tseem ceeb, thiab saber tsis tuaj yeem pom tawm tsam nws. Hauv cov tub rog, cov txheej txheem rov qab tau pom: ua ntej hauv thaj tsam yav qab teb, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv, saber tau pib txav ntaj.

Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab
Saber Lavxias qub: riam phom nrog khaws cia rau kev hloov kho tshiab

Txawm hais tias muaj cov txheej txheem no, rau ntau pua xyoo ntaj thiab saber tseem yog riam phom sib npaug ntawm cov tub rog. Tsis muaj laj thawj rau kev ploj ntawm ib qho hnoos qeev thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov ntau dua. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog vim qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev nom kev tswv. Cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm Ancient Rus tau nyob rau tib lub sijhawm muaj cov tub rog hnyav nyob sab Europe thiab cov tub rog caij tsheb loj. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv tau zoo, yuav tsum muaj cov txhais lus sib txawv, uas cuam tshuam rau cov cuab yeej ua rog ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias hauv ntau thaj tsam.

Yav tom ntej zoo

Txoj hauv kev zoo sib xws rau kev ua tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tseem nyob rau ntau pua xyoo tom ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo XIV. cov txheej txheem tshiab tau pib, qhov tshwm sim uas yog kev hloov pauv caj npab ntawm qhov kev sib tw. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov tswv yim coj mus rau txo qis hauv lub luag haujlwm ntawm ntaj thiab nce ntxiv hauv kev sib faib sabers. Ib qho ntxiv, sabers tshiab tau zoo ib yam li ntaj thiab tuaj yeem qhia cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws.

Raws li qhov tshwm sim, los ntawm XV-XVI ib-paus xyoo. nyob rau hauv cov tub rog Lavxias, saber yuav luag hloov tag nrho ntaj. Ib qho ntxiv, hom riam phom tshiab tau tshwm sim nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Hom tshiab sabers, yoog raws daws teeb meem ntau yam, tau tsim los ntawm nws tus kheej lossis qiv los ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab, saber tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb riam phom ntawm cov kws tua hneev taw, cov tub rog hauv zos, Cossacks, kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem txawv teb chaws, thiab lwm yam.

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Kev tsim kho sabers tau pib los ntawm kev hloov cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov hniav, ntxiv rau los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qhov hilt. Cov thev naus laus zis ntawm cov hlau yaj thiab forging cov khoom tiav yog qhov tseem ceeb txiav txim siab. Kev tsim lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm fencing ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nthuav qhia ntau ntxiv txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm riam phom.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm saber tseem nyob hauv lub sijhawm niaj hnub no. Hom riam phom tshiab tau tsim thiab qhia tawm, suav nrog. npaj rau hom tshwj xeeb ntawm pab tub rog. Saber khaws nws cov xwm txheej raws li lub hauv paus tseem ceeb riam phom ntawm Lavxias pab tub rog kom txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, thaum qhov kev qhia loj heev ntawm cov checkers pib. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis ua rau nws ploj mus thaum ntxov.

Kaum ib puas xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob

Thawj pom sabers ntawm Ancient Russia hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 10, tab sis qhov tseeb cov riam phom no tuaj yeem tshwm sim me ntsis ua ntej. Sabers lig tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam kom txog rau xyoo pua 20th. Yog li, cov riam phom edged nrog cov hniav nkhaus thiab ib sab ntse ua haujlwm tau cuam tshuam rau ntau txhiab xyoo, uas tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag.

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Cov laj thawj rau cov txiaj ntsig no yuav tsum tau nrhiav hauv lub tswv yim ua tiav thiab tsim cov hniav. Saber muaj peev xwm tua tau thiab txiav (nrog rau kev txiav txiav) tshuab, thiab kuj tseem yooj yim rau kev tsim thiab siv. Los ntawm kev hloov cov hniav thiab hilt, saber tuaj yeem hloov kho kom tau raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb, uas tau tshwm sim ntau zaus yav dhau los.

Tau ntau pua xyoo, tus kws tshaj lij phom tau siv lub peev xwm ntawm saber, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Thaum xub thawj, qhov riam phom no muaj peev xwm nce qib hauv cov tub rog Lavxias qub thiab hauv qee thaj tsam nyem ntaj, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov nws tag. Tom qab ntawd, saber tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb riam phom rau ntau pua xyoo. Tsis yog txhua hom riam phom tuaj yeem khav ntawm qhov tseem ceeb.

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