Artillery hnub no yog dab tsi?
Niaj hnub no, rab phom loj yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj heev. Qhov tseeb, cov txheej txheem ntawm xa lub taub hau raug rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub sijhawm thiab ua kom sib tua hluav taws nrog txhua lwm cov ntsiab lus tam sim no hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua cuam tshuam ntau dua li tsuas yog tua phom. Nws pib nrog kev txhawb nqa logistic thiab kev txhawb nqa, cov txheej txheem muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam thiab phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, tom qab ntawd hais kom ua, tswj thiab kev sib txuas lus tuaj rau hauv kev ua si, muaj peev xwm tswj kev sib tua hauv qhov chaw nyuaj, uas cov mos txwv ya mus ua ntej nws lub hom phiaj thiab, thaum kawg, xaus nrog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, ntseeg tau thiab raug.
Tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom suav tag nrho cov ntsiab lus saum toj no hauv ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas yam tsis tau hloov nws mus rau qee yam zoo ib yam li cov ntawv nthuav dav ntau yam ntawv nthuav dav. Tsis txhob hais qhov tseeb tias kev thauj khoom yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog-kev tsim khoom, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav thiab phiaj xwm yog tso rau hauv cov platform, uas feem ntau yog nruab nrog cov ntsuas ntsuas uas tso cai rau lawv txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub hom phiaj kom raug thiab xa cov haujlwm sib txuas ua cov lus txib, hais txog drones, aviation thiab satellites!
Yog li, hauv kab lus ntawm kab lus no peb yuav txwv peb tus kheej kom siv lub tsom iav tsom mus rau lub hom phiaj tau txais thiab cov cim taw qhia laser (tsuas yog ib feem me me), txawm hais tias tshwj xeeb radars rau cov phom loj kuj tseem ceeb.
Cov saw ntawm kev hais kom ua thiab kev tswj hwm rau feem ntau muaj ntau txoj hauv kev nyuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev sib raug zoo, yog li peb yuav muab qhov no tsuas yog piav qhia dav dav txog yam xav tau niaj hnub no los ua lub hom phiaj tua hluav taws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov riam phom thiab lawv cov mos txwv tsim lub hauv paus ntawm kab lus ntawm kab lus no. Cov no suav nrog cov phom tua tus kheej thiab cov phom sij (lub log thiab taug qab), phom rub thiab howitzers, cov phom hnyav hnyav rau tus kheej, thiab rub phom phom. Cov tom kawg yog tam sim no feem ntau raug xa mus rau raws li rab phom loj, tab sis yog lwm txoj hauv kev. Thiab thaum kawg, cov foob pob hluav taws kaw kab.
Ntau ntau thiab qhov tseeb
Dab tsi ntawm cov tub rog ib txwm xav tau los ntawm lawv cov phom loj yog qhov ntev ntawm kev tua thiab nce qhov tseeb. Tab sis niaj hnub no, ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb no uas tso cai tua hluav taws los ntawm txoj haujlwm kaw kom tswj hwm lawv qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov xwm txheej uas txo qis kev poob ncaj qha yog nyob rau ntawm qhov xub thawj thiab qhov twg tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm lub luag haujlwm tsis tau hais meej meej. Lub sijhawm tawm tsam lub hom phiaj yog lwm qhov teeb meem thiab raws li lub hom phiaj txawb tau dhau los ua tus qauv, lub voj voos sensor-rau-rab phom xav tau kom luv li ntau li ntau tau. Hauv lwm lo lus, tag nrho cov saw, los ntawm kev tshawb pom lub hom phiaj mus rau qhov cuam tshuam zaum kawg ntawm qhov projectile lossis lub taub hau ntawm nws, tau raug txo qis.
Thaum qee cov tub rog, xws li Sab Hnub Poob, tau ua tiav qhov txo qis ntawm lawv cov phom loj thiab tam sim no muaj cov txheej txheem tsawg dua ntawm lawv daim ntawv tshuav nyiaj ntau dua li lawv tau ua thaum lub caij Tsov Rog Txias, lwm pab tub rog npaj siab yuav nqis peev loj hauv cheeb tsam no. Is Nrias teb, ntawm chav kawm, yuav dhau los ua cov neeg muaj peev xwm tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv phom loj nyob rau xyoo tom ntej. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub tebchaws no thaum kawg tuaj yeem ua tiav nws cov txheej txheem kev yuav khoom uas tau tos ntev. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2014, tom qab xyoo thov kev thov thiab tshem tawm, Indian Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg tau pom zoo yuav ib qho ntawm cov khoom ntawm Artillery Modernization Plan (cov phiaj xwm tau kos rov qab rau xyoo 1999). Nws suav nrog 100 tus kheej-propelled tracked howitzers, 180 tus kheej-propelled wheeled howitzers (nrog rau kev xaiv ntawm 120 ntxiv), 814 rab phom loj tau teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom, 1,580 rub howitzers thiab 145 lub cannons lub teeb-tag nrho 155mm caliber. Cov phom 155/52 tau teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom tau dhau los ua thawj pawg uas tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev yuav khoom tau txiav txim siab. Txij li kev hais plaub hauv tebchaws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, ntau tus neeg sib tw txawv teb chaws tau nkag mus rau hauv kev cog lus nrog cov tuam txhab hauv zos uas yog ib feem ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov.
Txawm li cas los xij, Is Nrias teb tsis yog tib lub tebchaws tab tom nrhiav kev nqis peev hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob tsis ncaj. Tebchaws Poland tab tom saib tus kheej-propelled thiab tsheb-mounted howitzers, tshiab ntau lub foob pob hluav taws tshuab (MLRS) thiab txawm hnyav hnyav rau tus kheej-propelled mortars. Asia thiab Latin America tseem nyob ntawm lub radar ntawm cov neeg muag khoom siv phom loj. Zoo, Vajtswv nws tus kheej tau hais kom Russia rov caj npab nws tus kheej.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov tub rog sab hnub poob, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom, suav nrog cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no, poob rau hauv cov npe "siv" cov tshuab. Ib qho ntxiv, raws li tau hais thaum pib, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv phom loj tsis yog hais txog qhov ntev ntawm cov phom ntawm nws cov phom. Tsis ntseeg, cov mos txwv tshiab, cov phiaj xwm tshiab thiab ua tiav cov cai tshiab thiab ua ntu zus ntawm cov kev ua yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog li, cia peb pib peb tshuaj xyuas.
Ntu 1. Ntuj raug txim ntawm txoj kev
Taug qab tus kheej-propelled howitzers (SGs) tseem yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom hnyav thiab, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias lawv qhov tseem ceeb tau poob qis hauv ntau pab tub rog, suav nrog cov tub rog ntawm thawj lub tebchaws uas siv ntau ntawm lawv cov kev tawm tsam, tsuas yog ob peb lub tebchaws tau txiav txim siab tshem lawv. Kev tiv thaiv cov no howitzers muab lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm yog qhov thib ob rau tsis muaj
Italian SG PzH 2000. Ntau lub tebchaws, suav nrog Ltalis, tam sim no muaj qhov xav tau tsawg rau cov neeg siv li cas thiab, vim li ntawd, qee qhov ntawm lawv tam sim no muaj nyob rau ntawm kev ua lag luam rau cov cuab yeej siv tub rog ntau dua.
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, hloov M109 howitzer tau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv ntau qhov kev pabcuam tsheb hauv av tau tso tseg nyob rau xyoo dhau los. Nyob rau xyoo 2014 AUSA Cov Rooj Sib Tham, Colonel James Schirmer, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Tsheb ntawm Chaw Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam Tub Rog, rov hais dua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv hluav taws. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2014, kev tsim cov txheej txheem teeb tsa ntawm M109A7 howitzers, yav tas los hu ua M109A6 PIM (Paladin Integrated Management), tau pib. Cov tub rog tiv thaiv hnyav ntawm cov tub rog Asmeskas tseem yuav vam khom rau hauv cov txheej txheem, uas tau dhau los ntau qhov kev hloov kho tshiab. Production ntawm lub tshuab raj pib thaum ntxov li xyoo 1962, txawm hais tias tsawg ntawm nws cov khoom qub tau ua rau nws hloov tshiab. Txoj kev siv phom loj tshiab tseem suav nrog kev hloov kho rau M992A2 cov tsheb thauj khoom mos txwv, uas yog hu ua M992A3 CAT (Carrier Ammunition Tracked) hauv qhov hloov tshiab.
Piv rau tus thawj M109 howitzer, A6 kev hloov pauv, tseem hu ua Paladin, suav nrog ntau yam kev txhim kho (lub dav hlau loj dua, M284 155mm / 39 rab phom nrog ib lub tshuab tsis siv neeg thau khoom, tsis siv neeg tswj hluav taws nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab tsis siv neeg tso chaw, thiab lwm yam). lwm yam). Ntawm qee qhov Paladin SGs, cov cuab yeej hloov kho tshiab rau tua M982 Excalibur projectile kuj tau teeb tsa. Kev xa tawm ntawm M109A6 tau pib xyoo 1994, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kawg tawm hauv lub Hoobkas xyoo 1999.
Hauv M109A7 qhov sib txawv peb pom ntau qhov kev ncua thiab lub zog siv hluav taws xob coj los ntawm Bradley lub tsheb sib ntaus, qee qhov khoom qiv los ntawm "tuag" NLOS Cannon cannon, nrog rau cov khoom tshiab. Cov no suav nrog lub chassis tshiab nrog qhov hnyav sib ntaus ntau tshaj ntawm 45 tons, uas, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce qib kev tiv thaiv, txij li nws tau nce kev tshem tawm hauv av thiab muaj peev xwm los teeb tsa cov khoom tiv thaiv kuv nrog rau ntxiv tsho tiv thaiv. Ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob sib txawv tau teeb tsa hauv lub tshuab, uas suav nrog 70 kW lub tshuab hluav taws xob pib nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm 600-28 Volts. Yuav tsum muaj lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab vim tias tsis siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, peb lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa, nqa los ntawm NLOS Cannon, uas yog hluav taws xob rammer, tsav rau kev taw qhia kab rov tav thiab tsav rau kev taw qhia ntsug, txhua lub zog los ntawm 600 volts. Ib qho ntxiv, lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab kuj tseem muaj peev xwm hloov kho lub peev xwm tshiab rau lub zog tshiab. Lub cav 675 hp, HMPT 800-3ECB kis tau tus mob, tsav kawg thiab PTO raug coj los ntawm Bradley BMP, tab sis tau ntxiv lub tshuab txias tshiab. Kuj tau coj los ntawm Bradley yog txoj hauv kev log, lub tshuab nqus pa, lub zog torsion thiab 485mm txoj kab, tab sis ntxiv cov dampers tig tshiab. Feem ntau ntawm kev teeb tsa kev daws teeb meem rau tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj kuj tseem raug coj los ntawm Bradley, qee lub ntsiab lus twb tau koom ua ke rau hauv Paladin SG, tshwj tsis yog qhov hu ua tus tsav lub zeem muag lub suab nrov. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem zoo ib yam, tab sis tau ntxiv ib tus phooj ywg-lossis-yeeb ncuab.
Raws li rau tus yam ntxwv, qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis tau hloov pauv, txij li rab phom tseem zoo ib yam (M109A7 tuaj yeem tua cov mos txwv txheem ntawm 24 km, foob pob ua ntxaij ntawm 30 km thiab Excalibur projectile los ntawm Raytheon ntawm 40 km). Tus nqi hluav taws xob tsis tau hloov pauv ib qho, A7 kev hloov pauv tau nruab nrog kev txhim kho ib nrab tsis siv neeg rammer los ntawm NLOS-C / Crusader howitzer, tab sis tsis muaj lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg. Ua raws li ib xyoos kev cog lus thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2013 uas tau pib tsim cov khoom tsim ua ntej ntawm M109A7 thiab M992A3, BAE Systems tau txais lwm daim ntawv cog lus thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2014 los txuas ntxiv kev tsim khoom thawj zaug. Nov yog thawj ntawm peb daim ntawv cog lus ib xyoos rau kev tsim khoom ntxiv 18 khoom siv. Cov ntawv cog lus no tseem muab rau kev tsim cov khoom seem. BAE Systems koom tes nrog cov tub rog cog hauv Anniston ntawm cov ntawv cog lus no, nrog kev sib dhos zaum kawg tau ua tiav ntawm lub tuam txhab Elgin cog. Thawj lub tshuab raug xa tawm thaum ib nrab xyoo 2015. Nws tau npaj los tsim 450 lub tsheb nrog kev siv nyiaj txiag tsim nyog. Tom qab kuaj ntxiv ntawm thawj pawg tsheb, thawj faib yuav tsum tau txais lub tsheb thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2017. Hauv xyoo 2016, kev ntsuas zoo ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nws tus kheej thiab lub tsheb thauj khoom mos txwv yuav tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2017 cov tub rog Asmeskas yuav txiav txim siab txog kev tsim khoom puv ntoob.
BAE Systems tsis cais cov tsos ntawm thawj qhov kev txiav txim xa tawm; M109 cov neeg siv thoob ntiaj teb tsuas yog siv cov qauv mus txog M109A5 tus qauv, uas muaj lub ntsej muag me me. Tab sis txij li kev hloov kho dua tshiab rau A7 tus qauv tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, ib txoj kab ke tshiab tau npaj tseg. Qhov kev thov rau qhov kev xaiv tseem yuav tsum tau saib, muab tias M109A7 khaws qhov muaj peev xwm 39 chim piv rau 52, muab ua qhov kev xaiv, txawm hais tias tus nqi siab dua. Tej zaum qhov kev thov rau tus kws tshaj lij nrog lub 52 caliber chim yuav raug txiav txim siab tus kheej txhua lub sijhawm, vim tias txhua yam ntawm no yuav nyob ntawm kev ua raws li kev cog lus nrog txoj cai lij choj ntawm kev muag riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog rau txawv tebchaws.
Muaj ntau ntau M109 kev txhim kho kev daws teeb meem muaj thoob ntiaj teb. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov no. Piv txwv li, lub turret me dua tiv thaiv qee cov mos txwv tshiab los ntawm kev siv. Yog li ntawd, pab tub rog Italis tau npaj los yooj yim muab nws cov M109 howitzers rau seem hlau, vim tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov mos txwv Vulcano tshiab. Ltalis twb tau pub kaum ntawm nws M109L SGs rau Djibouti xyoo 2013. Ntau lub tsheb siv M109 kuj tseem tuaj yeem muaj txuas nrog cov phiaj xwm txhawm rau txo qis kev ua tub rog, feem ntau hauv Tebchaws Europe. Ua piv txwv, Austria tau tshaj tawm kev txo qis nws lub M109A5 lub nkoj los ntawm 136 txog 106 lub tsheb, thaum Denmark tseem tab tom nrhiav kev hloov pauv rau nws M109A3. Ntawm qhov tod tes, Brazil zoo li txaus siab txhim kho qee yam ntawm nws cov M109A3 howitzers thiab tau txais cov nyiaj seem M109A5s raws li kev pabcuam tub rog txawv tebchaws. Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2014, Chile tau txais 12 lub tsheb M109A5 los ntawm cov tub rog Asmeskas cov nyiaj seem uas yog ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm pabcuam tub rog no. Hauv nruab nrab-2000s, Chile tau txais 24 M109A3 howitzers, thiab xyoo 2013 lwm 12 nrog M284 caliber 39 rab phom loj thiab M182 phom nqa phom.
Cov tub rog Asmeskas tau txais nws M109A6 Paladin SGs thaum ib nrab xyoo 90s. Vim tias muaj ntau qhov kev sim los hloov nws nrog cov tshiab trackitz howitzers tau ua tsis tiav, nws yuav tseem yog cov phom loj ntawm Asmeskas Tub Rog rau ntau xyoo ntxiv.
Qhov kev ntsuas no tau xaiv M109A6 PIM rau qee lub sijhawm thiab tam sim no lub npe hu ua M109A7. Nws tau qiv ntau lub ntsiab lus los ntawm Bradley BMP, thiab qee yam khoom siv los ntawm cov tswv cuab NLOS-C Crusader program. Thawj lub tsheb tau xa tuaj thaum ib nrab xyoo 2015
KMW PanzerHaubitze 2000 nrog rab phom 155/52 mm Rheinmetall yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws taug qab tus kheej-propelled howitzer ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Yooj yim muab, qhov Artillery Cun Systems howitzer yog qhov ua tau hnyav ntawm PzH2000. Nws muaj tib rab phom loj, tab sis nws daim ntawv teev npe yog qhov hnyav.
Tebchaws Europe qub tuaj yeem sib cav nrog Asmeskas txog leej twg muaj lub zog zoo tshaj plaws. Koj tsis tas yuav mus deb rau qhov piv txwv. SG PzH 2000 tau tsim thiab tsim los ntawm Krauss Maffei Wegmann nrog kev koom tes ntawm Rheinmetall Defense, uas tau muab chav tsev phom loj rau nws. Qhov no yog lub zog ntau dua niaj hnub thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, nruab nrog 52 rab phom loj, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv. Txhua yam no, ua ke nrog kev tiv thaiv neeg coob heev, tso cai rau Netherlands thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees kom ua tiav PzH 2000 hauv kev ua yeeb yam Afghan. Nws kuj tseem ua haujlwm nrog Greece thiab Ltalis; kuj tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm Oto Melara. Hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li 400 PzH 2000 howitzers tau tsim tawm. Muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau dua, tab sis rau Tebchaws Netherlands thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tus lej tau pib txo qis vim yog txo qis kev ua tub rog ntawm cov tebchaws no.
Kev siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj hwm digital ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tau txais qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm 8 txog 10 puag ncig ib feeb hauv MRSI hom (cuam tshuam ib txhij ntawm ob peb lub plhaub; lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub siab hloov pauv thiab txhua lub plhaub raug rho tawm hauv qee lub sijhawm luv luv tuaj txog ntawm lub hom phiaj ib txhij). Coj mus rau hauv tus lej qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm lub nkoj (txog 60), nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau tag nrho lwm cov phom loj hauv lub cev hais txog lub zog tua hluav taws. Raws li rau thaj tsam, PzH 2000 howitzer tua 30 km nrog cov mos txwv txheem thiab ntau dua 40 km nrog lub projectile nrog lub tshuab roj hauv qab. Qhov no tau tso cai howitzers hauv Afghanistan "npog" thaj chaw loj.
Ob tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg tua hluav taws no, Ltalis thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, tau koom ua ke los tsim kho tshiab Vulcano ncua-ntau cov mos txwv. PzH 2000 system yuav sai sai no tuaj yeem tua ntawm cov kab ntev nrog qhov raug siab heev. Tus Italian Oto Melara tab tom txhim kho cov khoom siv uas yuav hloov kho lub tshuab thauj khoom rau kev txhaj tshuaj tshiab, uas xav tau kev hloov kho ntawm qhov chaw thau khoom thiab hauv qab ntawm nraub qaum ntawm lub turret, nrog rau tshem tawm cov fuse installer. Kev tsim kho yuav tsum ua kom tiav los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2015.
Zoo li M109, PzH 2000 howitzer kuj tseem muaj cov khoom seem uas tau khaws cia hauv cov chaw khaws khoom ntawm cov tebchaws ua haujlwm. Lub teb chaws Yelemees xaj 450 tus neeg ua haujlwm, tab sis tsuas yog 260 ntawm lawv tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam. Ltalis ua haujlwm ob ntawm txoj kev npaj peb cov tub rog, txhua tus nrog 18 lub tshuab; yog li ntawd, kwv yees li 20 PzH 2000 lub tsheb tau ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab yuav tsum tau muag sai li sai tau thaum lub phiaj xwm rau kev rov txhim kho ntawm pab tub rog Italian thaum kawg tau pom zoo. Lub Tebchaws Netherlands tau xaj 57 tus neeg ua haujlwm hnyav, tabsis xa tawm tsuas yog 39 leej, ua rau muaj 18 lub tsheb tshaj tawm. Croatia dhau los ua tus tswv cuab tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm PzH 2000 club, kos npe cog lus nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees rau 12 lub tshuab hauv ob pawg, nrog kev xa khoom hauv 2015 thiab 2016 feem. Denmark tseem tab tom txiav txim siab KMW howitzer raws li qhov hloov pauv tau rau nws M109, nrog qhov xav tau ntawm 15 txog 30.
Zuag qhia tag nrho qhov ntev PanzerHaubitze 2000
Nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm 55 tons hauv kev teeb tsa kev sib ntaus thiab 49 tons hauv kev thauj khoom howitzer PZH 2000, lub kaw lus tsis yooj yim rau siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los rau hauv lub dav hlau. Vim li no, KMW tau tsim kho qhov txheej txheem tshiab Artillery Gun Module (AGM), uas siv tib pab tub rog loj ib yam, tab sis tam sim no hauv kev thauj mus los, nws qhov hnyav tsuas yog 12 tons. Feem ntau ntawm cov pawg tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm kev txo qis kev teev npe, txij li AGM tau tswj hwm nyob deb. Nws muaj lub chaw them nyiaj tsis siv neeg tag nrho thiab them nqi thauj khoom, uas tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub mos txwv tsis siv neeg thauj khoom - qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab ke thauj khoom nruab rau ntawm PzH 2000. Cov phom loj tuaj yeem tua peb zaug hauv 15 vib nas this lossis rau qhov txhaj tshuaj tsawg dua. tshaj li ib feeb. Tus qauv mos txwv thauj khoom yog 30 puag ncig. Muaj lub kaw lus tswj hluav taws digital (FCS) thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ua ke system INS / GPS, tus neeg tua hluav taws tuaj yeem tua hluav taws hauv hom MRSI. Txoj haujlwm AGM tau ncua rau qee lub sijhawm, tab sis rov ua haujlwm ntawm Eurosatory 2014. Nyob ntawd, cov kab ke no tau qhia ntawm Boxer cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nws qhov kev sim tua hluav taws tau ua tiav thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2014. Tsis tas li, tus kws tshaj lij no tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm lub chassis taug qab. Kev daws teeb meem zoo ib yam raws li Ascod chassis nyob rau hauv Donar kev tsim yog muab los ntawm KMW ua ke nrog General Dynamics European Land Systems. Qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke ntawm 31.5 tons haum txig rau hauv lub peev xwm nqa ntawm A400M Atlas thauj dav hlau.
Lwm lub tsev loj cuj uas muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tau zoo yuav tsum tshwm sim hauv Ixayees. Txij li thaum tau txais Soltam, Elbit Systems tau nqis peev ntau hauv thaj chaw tshiab ntawm kev lag luam, ntxiv cov peev txheej tshiab los ntawm Israeli cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab txhim kho qee cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm. Nws kuj tseem ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab ke tshiab, feem ntau yog ua raws cov qauv txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm. Ib ntawm lawv yog ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov tub rog Ixayees rau kev siv lub foob pob hluav taws uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tsim los rau ntawm lub log thiab taug qab cov chassis. Elbit Systems twb tau tsim lub thoob, cov kab ke rov qab, lub tshuab thauj khoom, FCS thiab cov tsav hluav taws xob. Kev sib tw rau cov neeg tsim khoom yog tam sim no los tsim cov qauv uas Elbit tau hais ntawm Eurosatory 2014 yog nyob rau theem "zoo heev"; nws tau npaj yuav raug sim los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2015.
Nyob rau xyoo 1990s, Cov Tub Rog Askiv tau txiav txim siab los ua kom ntau ntawm lawv 'vintage' AS90 howitzers los ntawm 80s thiab pib txhim kho ib qho nrog 52 caliber chim, dubbed Braveheart. Nws khaws cov hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tsis siv lub tshuab thauj khoom uas tuaj yeem tua peb qhov kev ua haujlwm hauv tsawg dua 10 vib nas this lossis rau ib puag ncig ib feeb rau peb feeb (txhawb nqa qhov hluav taws kub ob zaug ib feeb). Kev kaw lub cav ua haujlwm tau muab los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob pabcuam, uas txo qis kev siv roj thiab kos npe cua sov. Qhov kev txhim kho tseem suav nrog kev teeb tsa Linaps (Laser Inertial Artillery Pointing System) los ntawm Selex ES, uas muab cov phom tua nrog cov kab ntsug thiab kab rov tav kom raug nrog rau txoj haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm. Tag nrho cov hlau txuas hlau muab qib plaub ntawm kev tiv thaiv raws li NATO tus qauv STANAG 4569. Qhov ntau ntawm Braveheart yog qhov raug rau cov kab ke nrog 52 lub tog raj kheej, uas yog, 30 km rau cov qauv txheem, 40 km rau lub plhaub nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv qab thiab ntau dua 50 km rau cov foob pob hluav taws … Tsis yog txhua tus tub rog Askiv AS90 howitzers tau raug kho dua tshiab; Hauv kev txuas nrog kev txo tus naj npawb ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog hauv ib nrab xyoo 2000s, tsuas yog 96 lub tshuab raug kho dua tshiab los ntawm qhov qub 179. Ntxiv rau, kev txo qis ntxiv tsis suav nrog, raws li qhov uas me ntsis ntau dua 60 tus neeg siv tshuab nyob twj ywm.
AS90 howitzer yeej tsis tau txais kev xaj khoom xa tuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1999, daim ntawv tso cai pom zoo tau kos npe nrog Tebchaws Poland rau kev tsim cov AS90 yees los ntawm Huta Stalowa Wola, ua tub rog nrog rab phom 155/52. Lub pej thuam yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm lub chassis ua los ntawm Polish-kev hloov kho ntawm Kalina taug qab lub tsheb tshem kuv lub tsheb nrog cov khoom ntawm lub tank PT-91 tsim los ntawm Bumar-Labedy. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xa 24 tus neeg zoo li cas nyob rau hauv lub npe Krab los ntawm 2015 tau raug tso tseg vim yog cov yam ntxwv tsis xws luag hauv lub cev. Qhov txaus siab, thawj yim lub thoob tau muab los ntawm Fabkis lub tuam txhab Nexter, thiab tom ntej 18 tau ua los ntawm German Rheinmetall. Krab SG muaj 40 mos txwv nyob ib ncig, 29 hauv lub hull thiab 11 hauv lub cev.
Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2014, daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev kho ntawm K9 chassis ntawm South Kauslim tuam txhab Samsung Techwin. Thawj pawg ntawm 24 lub chassis yuav xa hauv 2017 los ntawm Kaus Lim Qab Teb txhawm rau txhawm rau npog qhov xav tau ntawm thawj kev faib ntawm pab tub rog Polish. Lub pej thuam raug teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb hauv tebchaws Poland. Qhov seem 96 chassis yuav raug tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv Gliwice, Poland, thiab txog xyoo 2022, tsib qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua loj yuav tau txais tsheb Krab tshiab.
Donar raws li Ascod 2 chassis thiab Artillery Gun Module (qee qhov khoom siv los ntawm PzH 2000), tsim los ntawm KMW; Artillery Gun Module kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm lub log log
Daim duab qhia pom tus qauv ntawm South Kauslim howitzer K9 Thunder, uas nws tus kheej tsis tau xa tawm, tab sis yog lub hauv paus rau Turkish SG Firtina, thaum nws lub chassis tau txais yuav rau Polish tshiab howitzer Krab
Txawm hais tias Firtina howitzer yog tsim los ntawm Turkish tuam txhab MKEK, nws yog kev hloov kho ntawm SG K9 uas yog tsim los ntawm South Kauslim Samsung Techwin.
Kaus Lim Qab Teb Kauslim tau txais ntau yam kev paub dhau los hauv kev tso cai tsim khoom ntau dua 1,000 M109A2 howitzers, paub tias yog K55. Hauv nruab nrab-90s, lawv tau hloov kho mus rau K55A1 tus qauv, nrog rau lub tsheb K56 uas siv cov mos txwv rov los. Nyob rau thaum ntxov 90s, Kaus Lim Qab Teb tau tsim kho tshiab 155 mm / 52 qhov system loj, uas tau pib muab rau xyoo 1999. Lub K9 Thunder howitzer tau nrog K10 lub tsheb tsis zoo siv lub mos txwv ntxiv rau ntawm tib lub chassis. Lub tshuab K9 tau nruab nrog lub kaw lus tsis siv neeg rau kev ua haujlwm thiab tshem tawm kev txhaj tshuaj, lub tshuab qhia phom tsis siv neeg thiab lub kaw lus tswj tsis siv neeg nrog lub kaw lus tsis siv neeg. Qhov no tso cai rau koj qhib hluav taws sai, nrog rau muaj qhov hluav taws kub ntau, peb zaug hauv 15 vib nas this hauv tus qauv lossis hom MRSI. Tus nqi hluav taws xob ib txwm yog rau rau rau ib feeb, qhov hluav taws kub tas li yog ob zaug hauv ib feeb. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm tseeb, txawm hais tias South Kauslim xovxwm hais tias 850 K9 howitzers tau muab rau cov tub rog tawm ntawm qhov xav tau rau 1200 lub tshuab.
Thawj tus neeg yuav khoom txawv teb chaws ntawm K9 / K10 tandem yog Qaib Cov Txwv, qhov nws hu ua TUSpH Firtina lossis T-155 K / M Obus. Cov ntawv Turkish yog tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab xeev Makina ve Kimya Endiistrisi Kurumu (MKEK). Nws txawv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem qub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog cov turret thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob; T-155 tau nruab nrog MSA tsim los ntawm Aselsan. Qaib ntxhw qhov xav tau thawj zaug yog 350 howitzers, tab sis nws tsis paub meej tias lawv tau tsim lossis tsim tawm ntawm 180. MKEK tseem tau tsim 70 lub tsheb thauj khoom mos txwv. Lub tshuab no tau tsim los ntawm Aselsan lub tuam txhab, nws rov ntim 48 lub plhaub thiab 48 nqi rau lawv hauv 20 feeb los ntawm nws cov khoom siv ntawm 96 txhaj tshuaj.
Qaib ntxhw tswj kom kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus xa tawm rau 36 Firtina systems nrog Azerbaijan hauv xyoo 2011, tab sis yuav tsum tau daws nrog Lub Tebchaws Yelemees qhov teeb meem tshem tawm kev txwv ntawm lub cav MTU. Ib lub hwj huam hloov pauv tau txhais tau tias yog kev kho dua ib nrab ntawm lub cav cav thiab qhov cuam tshuam qeeb hauv kev xa khoom, uas xav tias yuav pib rau xyoo 2014.
Cov tub rog Singapore muaj teeb meem nrog kev txav mus los ntawm nws M109 howitzer thiab yog li xav tau lub teeb pom kev zoo rau tus kheej. Hauv nruab nrab xyoo 1990, Singapore Technologies Kinetics (STK) tau cog lus los tsim Primus hnyav 30 tuj thiab tsawg dua peb metres dav. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev txhim kho thiab txo tus nqi, STK tau siv los ua lub hauv paus kev sib ntaus sib tua thoob ntiaj teb Universal Combat Vehicle Platform tsim los ntawm United Defense (tam sim no BAE Systems), uas muaj cov cuab yeej txhuas. Chav tsev phom loj tau tsim los siv kev paub dhau los nrog FH-2000, thiab txhawm rau txo qis qhov hnyav, xaiv 39 rab phom loj. Txhawm rau txhawm rau nce tus nqi hluav taws, STK tau tsim cov ntawv xov xwm 22-txhaj tshuaj thiab lub tshuab tso tawm thiab tso tawm tsis siv neeg uas tso cai rau koj tua peb zaug hauv 20 feeb thiab tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws kub ntev ntawm ob qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ib feeb rau ib nrab teev.. Ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem tswj kev siv lub tshuab thiab kev qhia paub, Primus howitzer tuaj yeem tua nws qhov kev txhaj tshuaj thawj zaug hauv 60 vib nas this tom qab nres. Thawj 48 Primus SGs tau xa mus rau Singapore Army hauv xyoo 2002.
PLZ52 howitzer yog qhov kev txhim kho tshiab tshaj plaws los ntawm Norinco. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm 52 rab phom loj, thiab Algeria tuaj yeem dhau los ua nws thawj tus neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws.
Lub tsheb Firtina rov qab siv cov mos txwv yog Turkish hloov kho ntawm South K10 lub tsheb tsheb; tandem ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li khub M109-M992 (saib saum toj no)
Rau cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws, Russia muab ob tus kheej-taug qab taug kev howitzers Akatsia thiab Msta-S, ob tus qauv yos rov qab rau Tsov Rog Txias. Russia tseem ua raws nws qhov siab 152mm thiab ua rau tsis muaj zog los tsim 155mm version rau kev xa tawm.
2S3 Akatsia muaj riam phom 27 rab phom D-22 thiab muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 18.5 km nrog cov mos txwv zoo ib yam, uas nce mus txog 24 km nrog cov foob pob-foob pob. Akatsia howitzer tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub tebchaws, rau feem ntau tau muab los ntawm Soviet Union. Tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm post-Soviet, kev xaj xaj tau txais rau nws los ntawm Algeria, Libya, Syria thiab Ethiopia, Ukraine kuj tau muag ntau daim rau Azerbaijan. Ib 155mm version tau raug tsim, tab sis thaj tsis tau muab rau ntawm kev ua lag luam tseem. Qhov no howitzer tshaj li lwm 155-mm tshuab hais txog lub zog tua hluav taws, tab sis nws, txawm li cas los xij, tseem nyob hauv Lavxias cov ntawv teev npe xa tawm, thiab ntau dua 1000 xws li cov neeg ua haujlwm (qee qhov tau hloov kho tshiab) tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Lavxias.
Tus kheej-propelled howitzer 2S3 "Akatsiya"
Tus kheej-propelled howitzer 2S19 "Msta-S"
Lub 2S19 Msta-S howitzer yog riam phom hnyav dua thiab txawm hais tias rab phom ntev tsis tau qhia tawm, raws li qee qhov kwv yees, nws yog kwv yees li 40 calibers. Cov kev tua uas tau hais tseg yog 24.7 km rau cov qauv txheej txheem tawg tawg tawg tawg, thiab 30 km rau cov foob pob nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv qab. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj lub tshuab thauj khoom tsis siv neeg uas ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub kaum ntsug. Thaum tua los ntawm txoj haujlwm npaj, tus thauj khoom tso cai rau koj tua cov mos txwv uas muab los ntawm sab nraud nrog tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm 6-7 puag ncig ib feeb. Cov nqi raug them los ntawm ib lub tshuab tsis siv neeg. Raws li kev xa tawm, xyoo 2012-2013, 18 lub tshuab xa mus rau Azerbaijan, 20 lub tshuab rau Ethiopia xyoo 1999, thiab 48 lub tshuab rau Venezuela hauv 2011-2013. Tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm USSR, qee qhov qub Soviet koom pheej tau tso cov hom tshuaj no rau hauv lawv cov arsenals. Cov neeg siv khoom kawg ntawm SG no yuav tsum yog Morocco, uas tau txais thawj lub tshuab hauv 2014. Ib qho tshiab ntawm 2S19M2, hloov kho nrog MSA tshiab thiab kev tswj hwm kev kos npe tshiab, nkag mus ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Lavxias xyoo 2013.
Nyob rau xyoo 90s lig, Tuam Tshoj hloov mus rau 155 mm caliber, ntxiv nws cov khoom siv ntawm cov tshuab tshiab rau cov uas twb muaj lawm 152-mm howitzers ntawm Soviet keeb kwm. Norinco tau tsim lub PLZ45 tus kheej-propelled howitzer, riam phom nrog. 45 caliber cannon. Cov kab ke muaj txheej txheem ib txwm muaj ntawm lub tsheb uas taug qab: tus tsav tsheb thiab lub zog tsim hluav taws xob nyob rau pem hauv ntej, lub turret loj loj nrog cov neeg coob thiab cov mos txwv nyob tom qab. Lub PLZ45 howitzer los nrog lub PCZ45 lub mos txwv ntxiv cov tsheb, uas nqa 90 puag ncig thiab 90 puag ncig, uas yog peb lub mos txwv tag nrho. 24 qhov kev hloov pauv tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub tshuab thauj khoom ib nrab, cov nqi raug them tus kheej, uas tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav qhov hluav taws kub ntawm tsib ncig ib feeb. Thawj qhov ntsuas ntsuas nrawm qhia cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm LMS, tso cai kom nce qhov raug ntawm kev tua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm 24 txog 39 km, nyob ntawm seb cov mos txwv siv. PZL45 howitzer tau ua haujlwm tsis yog nrog pab tub rog Suav nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem ua haujlwm nrog Kuwait thiab Saudi Arabia.
Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm no, xaiv PZL52, tau qhia tawm hauv xyoo 2012. Zoo heev rau tus qauv yav dhau los, txawm li cas los xij, nws tau hloov kho lub chassis thiab chav siv zog tshiab txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv nrog 10 tons nce hauv qhov hnyav. Pom tseeb, nws lub thoob yog tam sim no 52 caliber, feem, qhov ntau tau nce mus rau 53 km. Nws khaws cov kab ke thauj khoom ib nrab tsis siv neeg. Norinco thov tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm 8 ncig ib feeb, ntxiv rau lub peev xwm tua hluav taws hauv hom MRSI. Nws tsis paub meej tias SG PZL52 tau ua haujlwm nrog Suav pab tub rog. Ib daim duab thaij hauv 2014 hauv Algeria qhia pom lub suab nrov uas tau tsav los ntawm lub tank tsheb. Nws zoo ib yam li PZL, txawm hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ntev ntawm lub thoob, tab sis ib txoj hauv kev lossis lwm qhov, qhov no yuav txhais tau tias thawj qhov kev xa tawm tau zoo ntawm hom SG no.
Nyij Pooj tau tsim 155mm / 52 SG nyob rau nruab nrab xyoo 1980s. Nws tau tsim tawm raws li hom 99 los ntawm Mitsubishi Heavy Industries hauv kev koom tes nrog Nyij Pooj Hlau Ua Haujlwm. 40-tuj system tau ua haujlwm nrog Nyij Pooj Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej. Txog xyoo 2014, Nyij Pooj tsis tau xa tawm riam phom, tab sis tam sim no Lub Rooj Sab Laj ntawm lub tebchaws no tau pom zoo tso cai rau cov tuam txhab Nyij Pooj muab lawv cov khoom lag luam xa tawm, thiab hauv qhov xwm txheej no, lwm tus neeg sib tw muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem koom nrog kev sib faib los faib cov khoom tiv thaiv.
Catapult II howitzer tau tsim los ntawm Indian Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho Lub Koom Haum raws li kev daws teeb meem nruab nrab. Nws yog ua raws ntawm lub chassis ntawm Arjun Mk1 lub tank, uas 130 mm M46 rab phom tau teeb tsa.
Indian SG Catapult II
Nws nyuaj hais txog Catapult II tias nws yog tus kheej-propelled tracked howitzer hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv. Qhov tseeb, nws yog lub tshuab ntsuas cua ntawm lub chassis taug qab, yog tias peb siv kev faib tawm rau cov tshuab log ntawm no. Nws tau qhia ntawm Defexpo 2014 los ntawm Indian Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho Lub Koom Haum. Cov kab ke muaj Arjun Mk1 lub tank lub cev, uas tau siv rab phom loj 130 mm M46. Kev ua haujlwm zoo sib xws tau ua tiav yav dhau los nrog Vijayanta tank chassis; qhov tshwm sim tau raug xaiv Catapult. 170 ntawm cov tsheb no tau tsim rau cov tub rog Indian. Lub ru tsev muaj zog tiv thaiv cov neeg coob los ntawm shrapnel, tab sis tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ballistic los ntawm ob sab. Soviet M46 phom phom muaj 58.5 rab phom loj thiab ntau tshaj ntawm 27, 15 km, cov lus qhia ntsug yog los ntawm –2, 5 ° txog + 45 °; azimuth cov ces kaum tau txwv rau ntu ntawm ± 14 °. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 2014, Is Nrias teb tau txiav txim siab yuav 40 ntawm cov no howitzers, uas tau txiav txim siab tias yog kev daws teeb meem ib ntus uas tseem tab tom tshaj tawm tsab ntawv thov rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub no.
