Slashchev thiab Barbovich nres tus yeeb ncuab thiab cuam lawv rov qab mus rau Dnieper. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no cov neeg dawb tau khiav mus rau thaj chaw muaj zog Kakhovsky muaj zog, nyob hauv cov chav tshiab ntawm Blucher faib. Barbed hlau thiab ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom thiab tua phom loj Barbovich. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txhua qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb ntawm Kakhovka thaum Lub Yim Hli 13-15 tau tsoo tawm tsam tiv thaiv muaj zog ntawm Reds.
Npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tshiab
Thaum ib nrab Lub Xya Hli 1920, muaj ib tus txheeb ze nyob ntsiag to ntawm Crimean pem hauv ntej. Ob tog tau npaj siab rau kev tawm tsam tshiab. Cov lus txib ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias dawb tau npaj rau qhov kev tawm tsam tshiab nrog lub hom phiaj nthuav dav nws thaj chaw, txeeb cov peev txheej tseem ceeb, suav nrog cov peev txheej tib neeg. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau npaj rau qhov kev sim tshiab los rhuav tshem Pab Dawb.
Wrangel cov tub rog tau loj hlob zoo dua thaum Lub Yim Hli 1920. Kev ntes ntawm Northern Tavria thiab kev swb ntawm Redneck Cavalry Group ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov pauv ntau txhiab Cossacks mus rau qhov xav tau thiab ntes nees. Vim yog kev mob siab rau hauv Tavria, cov tsheb nyob tom qab thiab cov tub rog, vim yog cov tub rog Liab Liab raug ntes (ob tog thaum ua tsov rog ua haujlwm suav nrog cov neeg raug txim ib txwm nyob hauv lawv ib leeg), cov ntu uas tau thim rov qab. Ntau tus Makhnovist thiab Petliura tus thawj coj tau hla mus rau Wrangel sab. Cov tub rog Lavxias nyob rau pem hauv ntej muaj 35 txhiab tus tuav thiab sabers (ntau dua 55 txhiab tus neeg nyob rau hauv tag nrho), 178 phom, 38 dav hlau. Tom qab yeej ntawm pab tub rog Soviet thib 13 (pab pawg Rednecks thiab Fedko), Pab Dawb tau rov sib sau ua ke: Cov Don thiab Consolidated Corps tau koom ua ke; Slashchev's 2nd Army Corps tau pauv los ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm sab xub ntiag mus rau sab hnub poob thiab tau tuav txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv raws Dnieper; 1st Army Corps ntawm Kutepov tau xa mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm pem hauv ntej.
Thaum pib lub Yim Hli 1920, Red Army kuj tseem muaj zog ntxiv. Qhov loj ntawm pab tub rog Soviet zaum 13 tau nce mus rau 58 txhiab tus tub rog, kwv yees li 250 rab phom thiab 45 lub dav hlau. Nws tau coj los ntawm tus thawj coj tshiab - Uborevich. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov koog tshiab thiab txhawb ntxiv tau hloov pauv mus rau qhov kev coj ntawm Crimean. Yog li, tawm tsam Wrangelites, 51st Infantry Division of Blucher tau pauv los ntawm Siberia. Nws yog ib qho kev sib faib muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm Cov Tub Rog Liab: 16 tus tub rog, nws tus kheej rab phom loj thiab tub rog (tag nrho cov tub rog). Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tsis txaus ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yav dhau los, Soviet dav hlau tau koom ua ke raws li ib qho lus txib ntawm I. Pavlov.
Tsis tas li, Soviet cov lus txib tau paub txog qhov xav tau los ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom siv txawb ntawm Crimean pem hauv ntej. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 16, 2nd Cavalry Army raws li cov lus txib ntawm O. Gorodovikov tau tsim los ntawm cov seem ntawm Zhloba cov tub rog caij nees, cov tub rog zaum thib 2 thiab lwm pawg. Nws yog tus thawj coj paub dhau los, Kalmyk Cossack los ntawm keeb kwm, tau tawm tsam hauv pab tub rog tsarist, tom qab Lub Kaum Hli nws tau hla mus rau sab Bolsheviks. Gorodovikov tau tawm tsam nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm tus thawj coj nto moo Dumenko thiab Budyonny, tau hais kom muaj kev sib cais ntawm pawg neeg, pawg tub rog, pab tub rog, tub rog tub rog, tub rog thiab pab tub rog thib 4. Nws tau tawm tsam ua tiav nrog pab tub rog ntawm Krasnov thiab Denikin, nrog rau Cov Tub Rog. 2nd Cavalry Army suav nrog 2nd Cavalry Division. Blinov, 16, 20 thiab 21 kev sib ntaus sib tua tub rog. Thaum pib, vim tias tsis muaj neeg ua haujlwm txaus, nees, riam phom thiab khoom siv, pab tub rog tau me me - li ntawm 5, 5 txhiab tus tub rog (raws li lwm qhov chaw, kwv yees li 9 txhiab tus neeg), 25 phom thiab 16 lub tsheb tiv thaiv.
Mus rau Aleksandrovsk thiab Yekaterinoslav
Kev hais kom Soviet npaj rau kev tawm tsam thaum pib lub Yim Hli 1920, tab sis Cov Neeg Tiv Thaiv Dawb tau hla tus yeeb ncuab. Tom qab swb ntawm pab pawg Goons, Pab Pawg Dawb tau rov sib sau ua ke thiab yuav luag tam sim ntawd tau tawm tsam, tiv thaiv pab tub rog Soviet thib 13 kom rov zoo. Cov Neeg Dawb tau thim rov qab cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog, uas tseem tab tom sim tawm tsam Mikhailovka thiab Bol. Tokmok. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 25, 1920, Kutepov cov neeg sawv cev, uas hloov chaw ntawm Slashchev nyob rau sab qaum teb, daws qhov muaj zog rau Aleksandrovsk thiab Yekaterinoslav. Kev sib faib ntawm Markovskaya thiab Drozdovskaya yeej qhov kev faib phom thib 3 thiab 46 ntawm pab tub rog thib 13. Ib ntawm cov tub rog liab tau nyob puag ncig thiab raug kev txom nyem hnyav. Cov Wrangelites ntes lub nroog Orekhov.
Cov lus txib dawb tau qhia txog Kuban Cossack faib ntawm General Babiev rau qhov sib txawv. Txhawm rau txhim kho nws txoj kev vam meej, Wrangel hloov Barbovich's Horse Corps rau thaj tsam no. Txawm li cas los xij, Reds tau los sai sai rau lawv qhov kev nkag siab thiab pib ua phem rau kev tawm tsam nrog cov tub rog ntawm 2 Cavalry Army (thib 16 thiab 20th Cavalry Division) thiab cov chav ntawm 40th Infantry Division. Dawb txuas ntxiv mus tawm tsam, tab sis ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm loj thiab poob. Tsis ntev Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb tau tswj hwm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tseem ceeb txuas rau Pologa thiab thaum Lub Yim Hli 2 Aleksandrovsk, uas tau hla dhau los ntawm White Cavalry. Nyob rau sab qab teb, Don Corps yeej qhov 40th Infantry Division.
Nov yog qhov ua tiav qhov ua tiav. Cov qhov dawb fizzled tawm, poob lawv lub zog tawm tsam. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm Red Army tau nce ntxiv. Reds tau rub nrawm nrawm thiab kaw qhov khoob, thiab tom qab ntawd rov tawm tsam. Cov Tub Rog Dawb tau pib thim rov qab rau nws txoj haujlwm qub. Lub Yim Hli 4, Wrangelites tau tawm ntawm Aleksandrovsk, ob hnub tom qab - Orekhov thiab Pologi, thaum Lub Yim Hli 8, Dawb Berdyansk poob. Yog li, cov lus txib dawb tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev txiav txim siab ua tiav nyob rau sab qaum teb sab qaum teb ntawm lub hauv ntej.
Kakhovka
Tom qab tshuaj tua cov yeeb ncuab, Red Army tau pib tawm tsam. Nws txoj phiaj xwm tau rov ua tiav cov haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm yav dhau los: lub ntsiab tawm tsam los ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm Kakhovka mus rau Perekop thiab los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau Melitopol. Tsuas yog kev npaj rau kev ua haujlwm twb zoo dua qub lawm. Qhov chaw hla Dnieper ze Kakhovka tau yooj yim. Qhov dav ntawm tus dej no nqaim mus rau 400 m, sab laug ntug dej tsis muaj dej (dej nyab, thaj chaw swampy), du thiab yooj yim rau tsaws. Lub tsev txhab nyiaj sab xis sab saud Kakhovka nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm teeb tsa cov phom loj nyob ntawd thiab tua hluav taws ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Ib feem ntawm Latvian, 52nd thiab 15th Division, ob pawg tub rog ntawm phom hnyav, pontoons, nkoj thiab khoom siv rau kev tsim kho choj tau rub los ntawm no. Ib qho ntxiv, kev ua haujlwm tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Dnieper flotilla: ntau lub nkoj, nkoj thiab roj teeb ntab. Muaj tseeb, los ntawm kev pib ua haujlwm lawv tsis muaj sijhawm los ua tiav kev hloov pauv ntawm Blucher's 51st faib.
Thaum pib ua haujlwm, pab pawg Soviet txoj cai-txhab nyiaj suav nrog kwv yees li 13 txhiab tus tub rog, kwv yees li 70 rab phom thiab 220 rab phom tshuab. Tom qab tuaj txog ntawm Blucher txoj kev faib, cov tub rog ntawm Red Army hauv cheeb tsam Kakhovka yuav luag ob npaug. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau tawm tsam los ntawm Slashchev cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog tub rog ib txwm muaj (3, 5 txhiab tus mos txwv thiab 2 txhiab sabers, 44 rab phom, nyob ua ntej ntawm Nikopol mus rau lub qhov ncauj ntawm Dnieper tus dej hauv 170 km..) Ntawd yog, Reds tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev ua haujlwm, ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev mob siab rau ntawm cov rog thiab rab phom loj hauv ib qho haujlwm. Cov tub rog Dawb tau nthuav dav mus rau pem hauv ntej. yog li ntawd, Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv cov kev tawm tsam hauv thaj chaw sab hnub poob tau txwv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev txhim kho network ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab cov neeg dawb tuaj yeem xa cov tub rog caij nees uas muaj zog tuaj rau hauv txoj haujlwm no.
Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Yim Hli 6-7, 1920, Soviet pab tub rog pib hla Dnieper ze Kakhovka, Korsun monastery thiab Alyoshka. Ua ntej, Red Army cov txiv neej tau thim Slashchevites thiab coj Kakhovka. Cov tuam tsev engineering pib tsim tus choj. Tau tso nws cov chav nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, Slashchev tau pib tawm tsam kev tawm tsam. Txawm li cas los xij, Reds twb tau nkag mus rau lawv tus kheej, ua kom muaj zog tseem ceeb mus rau sab laug. Cov neeg pej xeem tseem ceeb tau mob siab rau tom qab, thiab pauv mus rau Kakhovka ntawm cov nkoj. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Karbyshev, kev tiv thaiv tau tsim: xaim thaiv tau teeb tsa, lub qhov taub raug khawb, ramparts tau nchuav, txoj haujlwm rau rab phom loj tau npaj. Ob peb kab kev tiv thaiv muaj zog mus txog qhov tob ntawm 15 km. Peb ua haujlwm nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho raug pov tseg hla Dnieper. Nov yog qhov chaw nto moo Kakhovka muaj zog tau tsim. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 10, cov chav ntawm Blucher's 51st faib tau pib hloov pauv ntawm no. Qhov kev faib khoom thib 15 twb tau tsaws hauv cheeb tsam yav qab teb, uas, kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab tawv ncauj, tau coj Alyoshki thiab ntau qhov chaw nyob.
Kev tawm tsam tau pib nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Gorodovikov's 2nd Cavalry Army, txhawb nqa los ntawm 1st Rifle Division, tau tawm tsam ntawm no. Nws ua raws txoj hauv kev ib yam li Redneck pawg: los ntawm Tokmak mus rau Melitopol. Cov tub rog liab tau tsoo los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab pem hauv ntej thiab thaum Lub Yim Hli 11 tau mus rau tom qab ntawm Cov Neeg Dawb, uas tuav Tokmak. Txawm li cas los xij, Gorodovikov txoj kev sib cais tsis tuaj yeem hla mus rau qhov tob ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm Pab Pawg Dawb. Kutepov cov tub rog tau ua rau muaj kev phom sij, thawb lub cav 20 thiab cov phom sib faib thib 1. 2nd Cavalry Army tau raug txiav tawm. Lub taub hau pab pawg ntawm peb pawg tub rog sib cais yog nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm ib puag ncig. Nws yuav tsum tig rov qab. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav txuas ntxiv mus, tab sis tau poob los ntawm Reds. Ua ntej, cov tub rog caij nkoj thiab pib thim rov qab, tom qab ntawd cov tub rog caij nees. Tseeb, qhov kev vam meej no mus rau cov neeg dawb ntawm tus nqi siab, cov tub rog tau yaj mus rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog.
Tom qab tshem tawm qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov tub rog liab, Wrangel tam sim xa Barbovich cov tub rog, txhawb nqa nrog cov tsheb tiv thaiv, mus rau sab laug ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm qhov chaw khaws cia. Kakhovka pab pawg Reds ntawm lub sijhawm no tau nce mus txog 20-30 km. Ua ke, Slashchev thiab Barbovich nres tus yeeb ncuab thiab cuam lawv rov qab mus rau Dnieper. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no cov neeg dawb tau khiav mus rau thaj chaw muaj zog Kakhovsky muaj zog, nyob hauv cov chav tshiab ntawm Blucher faib. Thaj chaw twb tau npaj zoo lawm. Cov tub rog dawb tsis tuaj yeem nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, mus rau tom qab ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, thiab kev tawm tsam lub taub hau tau ua rau poob ntau. Barbed hlau thiab lawv cov ntom ntom ntom ntom zoo tua hluav taws nres Barbovich cov tub rog. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, txhua qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Tus Saib Xyuas Dawb ntawm Kakhovka thaum Lub Yim Hli 13-15 tau tsoo tawm tsam tiv thaiv muaj zog ntawm Reds.
Tom qab qhov ua tsis tiav no, Slashchev tau sib cav nrog Wrangel, uas nws tau tso nws txhua qhov kev txhaum tseg, thiab raug xa mus "ntawm kev so noj qab haus huv." Lub cev tau coj los ntawm General Vitkovsky (lub taub hau ntawm Drozdovskaya faib). Thaum Lub Yim Hli 18, Cov Tub Rog Liab rov ua phem los ntawm Kakhovka mus rau sab hnub tuaj, tab sis Wrangelites kuj tseem tuaj yeem tawm tsam qhov tshuab no.
Yog li, kev tawm tsam kev ua phem ntawm Red Army tag nrho ua tsis tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, Reds tau ntes Kakhovsky tus choj taub hau thiab ntxiv dag zog rau ntawd. Tus choj yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj. Kakhovka nyob tsuas yog 80 km ntawm Perekop isthmus. Ntawm no Reds muaj peb qhov kev sib faib npaj los tawm tsam. Tam sim no Pab Tub Rog Dawb, tawm tsam rau sab hnub tuaj lossis sab qaum teb, yuav tsum ntshai kev tawm tsam Perekop, uas tuaj yeem txiav tawm cov tub rog los ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb.
