Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm kev hu nkauj ntawm Ukraine, zoo li txhua yam cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg Ukrainian, tau nyob hauv ib puag ncig ntawm kev dag. Thaum koj mloog cov nkauj Ukrainian, nws cov nkauj zoo nkauj, tho txawv, tsis muaj lub siab xav quaj nrog kev txaus siab rau lub tebchaws thiab qhuas lub cim no ntawm lub xeev. Coob leej tsis xav sawv. Qhov no feem ntau yuav tsis yog nkauj qhuas Vajtswv, tabsis yog qhov xav tau, ua nkauj nco txog.
Qhov no tsis yog hais tias thaum mloog cov nkauj muaj kev xav ntawm qhov hnyav thiab dav. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, thawj kab ntawm cov nkauj ("Ukraine tseem tsis tau tuag …") ua ke nrog cov nkauj me me ua rau muaj kev nyob ruaj khov, monotony, tu siab thiab nyuaj siab. Yog vim li cas? Vim li cas Ukrainian suab paj nruag theej theej ntawm Polish anthem, uas teev cov haujlwm rau kev txhawb siab ntawm lub xeev Polish?
Ua ntej tham txog kev sau thiab suab paj nruag ntawm zaj nkauj, nws tsim nyog rov nco txog keeb kwm lub sijhawm thaum cov nkauj no tau sau. Nov yog xyoo 1862, Poland raws li lub xeev tsis tau muaj nyob rau ntau tshaj ib nrab xyoo. Nws tau faib tawm ntawm Russia, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees thiab Austria-Hungary. Kev tawm tsam Polish xyoo 1830 tau raug txwv, kev tawm tsam tshiab tau npaj, uas tseem yuav xaus rau qhov tsis ua tiav rau xyoo tom ntej.
Ib tus kws tshaj lij Polish uas tau ua haujlwm hauv Napoleon cov tub rog xyoo 1797 tau sau zaj nkauj "Polska tseem tsis tau tuag", uas tau dhau los ua qhov nrov nrov ntawm cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm kev rov kho dua ntawm Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Raws li "Mazurka Dбbrowski", nws tau dhau los ua lub teb chaws hu nkauj thaum lub sij hawm Polish uprisings ntawm 1830 thiab 1863 thiab hauv 1927 lub teb chaws anthem ntawm Poland.
Cov neeg Polish, suav nrog cov uas tau nyob hauv thaj av ntawm Me Russia, npau suav ntawm rov kho Rzeczpospolita thiab nrhiav kom yeej dhau cov neeg nyiam nyiam, ib feem ntawm Lavxias kev txawj ntse, feem ntau cov tub ntxhais hluas kis mob nyob rau hauv Polish cuam tshuam nrog lub tswv yim ntawm cais "neeg Ukrainian".
Raws li phau ntawv canonical, kev sau cov lus ntawm yav tom ntej Ukrainian anthem "Ukraine tseem tsis tau tuag" yog los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias tus kws tshawb fawb Pavel Chubinsky, Ukrainianophile thiab yav dhau los tus tswv cuab ntawm Polish ib puag ncig ntawm paj rwb nyiam. Nws liam tias tau sau nqe lus no thaum Lub Yim Hli 1862, nyob rau hmo ua ntej ntawm kev tawm tsam Polish. Tab sis Chubinsky nws tus kheej yeej tsis tau lees paub tus sau thaum nws lub neej.
Thawj thawj zaug, Chubinsky kev sau ntawv tau sau tseg hauv phau ntawv sau cia ntawm qee yam Beletsky. Lawv tau luam tawm xyoo 1914 hauv phau ntawv xov xwm Ukrainian "Ukrainian Life", lub hom phiaj uas yog los txhawb nqa qhov thiaj li hu ua Ukrainian kev coj noj coj ua. Puas yog nws xav tsis thoob tias npe nrov Simon Petliura yog tus kws kho phau ntawv xov xwm.
Raws li Beletsky, ntawm ib qho ntawm ob tog ntawm Kiev pop-lovers, uas tau koom nrog Beletsky, Chubinsky tsis txaus ntseeg tau sau cov lus ntawm cov nkauj "Ukraine tseem tsis tau tuag," zoo li yog qhib lub suab nkauj Serbian. Kev dag ntxias dag nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias muaj ib tog neeg, thiab cov nqe lus no tau sau tiag tiag ntawm nws. Tab sis Beletsky sim zais qhov tsim nyog txaj muag ntawm cov nkauj Polish thiab kev sau ntawv ntawm Poles tom qab cov kab lus ntawm Serbian taug qab.
Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj ua qhov no, txij li Serbian version ntawm Gandria Zeiler "Serbia tseem tsis tau tuag", thiab txawm tias zoo ib yam ntawm cov neeg Muslim ntawm Croatia - "Croatia tseem tsis tau tuag" los ntawm Ludevit Gai twb muaj lawm. Kev nthuav tawm nthuav tawm ntawm Polish tsoo ntawm cov tebchaws uas tsis muaj xeev li! Hauv cov ntawv sau cia ntawm lwm tus neeg koom nrog, Nikolai Verbitsky, teeb tsa hauv nws cov ntawv, txhua yam zoo li ntseeg tau ntau dua. Yuav ua li cas nrov nrov tau rov ua dua ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ib txwm muaj kev txhawb siab ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam uas yuav los txog.
Nqe lus yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm sau ua lus Polish "Yeshe Polska tsis tuag" hauv Khromoman style. Qhov kev ua tau koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm -clappers, "yug los ntawm cov ntshav ntawm Radziwills" Yauxej Rylsky thiab nws tus tij laug Tadei Rylsky - tus kws sau paj huam Polish nto moo, lub npe tsis tseeb Maxim Cherny (txiv thiab txiv ntxawm ntawm Soviet kws sau paj huam Maxim Rylsky).
Ntawm tog ntawd yog lawv cov phooj ywg Polish Russophobes Paulin Sventsitsky (pseudonym Pavel Svoy), Pavel Zhitetsky thiab Ivan Navrotsky. Ob qhov kawg tau lig, tab sis lawv tau coj los paub ntawm Serb, Pyotr Entich-Karic. Chubinsky nws tus kheej tau tshwm sim, zoo li ib txwm, zaum kawg.
Thaum lub sijhawm ua kev lom zem, Poles Rylsky thiab Sventsitsky tau hu nkauj "March of Dombrowski", thiab lub tswv yim tau yug los sau tib yam, tab sis txuas rau lub tswv yim Polish-Khromomani. Paj huam tau sau ua ke. Raws li Verbitsky, tsuas yog ob kab ntawm nws cov ntawv.
Thawj tsab ntawv ntawm lub suab nkauj yav tom ntej suav nrog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm txhua lub tebchaws Polish ntawm qhov teeb meem Ukrainian. Uas yog to taub, muab haiv neeg ntawm pab neeg sau ntawv! Ib ntawm thawj qhov kev xaiv suav nrog cov ntawv hauv qab no: “Cov uas ua siab tawv tiv thaiv Niam Ukraine. Nalivaiko thiab Pavlyuk …"
Tadey Rylsky thiab Pavlin Sventsitsky, uas nws cov txheeb ze los ntawm menyuam yaus mus rau cov txwj laus raug txiav tawm los ntawm Pavel Bout, npe menyuam yaus Pavlyuk, tsis nyiam qhov hais txog nws. Tadei Rylsky muab nws tus kheej version: "Cia peb nco txog kev tuag dawb huv ntawm Cossack knights …"
Thiab ntawm no yog nqe los ntawm thawj kab ntawv ntawm yav tom ntej anthem ntawm Ukraine:
"Auj, Bogdana-Zinovia, peb qaug cawv hetman, Vim li cas koj thiaj muag Ukraine rau Muscovites siab phem?"
Thiab tom qab ntawd Thawj Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Tebchaws Poland thov: "Cia peb ua, cov kwv tij, hauv txoj kab nkhaus los ntawm Syan mus rau Don." Lawv pom yav tom ntej ntawm cov av no, ntawm ib sab, los ntawm Dej San, ib feem ntawm Vistula hauv Qhov tob ntawm Poland, ntawm lwm qhov, mus rau Don Dej hauv qhov tob ntawm Lavxias thaj chaw uas yog, tam sim thov rau ib feem ntawm Poland thiab Kursk, Belgorod, Voronezh, ib nrab ntawm Rostov, ib feem ntawm Lipetsk thiab Volgograd cheeb tsam ntawm Russia!
Tom qab kev tshem tawm ntawm kev tawm tsam Polish xyoo 1863, Sventsitsky, tus neeg qhuas ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Taras Shevchenko thiab kev mob siab rau Russophobe, tau tsiv mus rau Lviv, tom qab ntawd Austrian Lemberg, thiab "Ukraine tseem tsis tau tuag" dhau mus lwm tus mlom ntawm Ukraine - Shevchenko - raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm kos duab.
Thawj qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov paj huam tau ua tiav tsis yog nyob txhua qhov chaw, tab sis ntxiv hauv Lviv. Plaub zaj paj huam tau luam tawm hauv plaub qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm hauv zos "Meta" xyoo 1863. Thiab thawj lo lus yog "Nws tseem tsis tau tuag", tom qab uas muaj peb kwv huam los ntawm Shevchenko. Thiab tag nrho ua ke xaus nrog nws kos npe. Yog li, ntawm qhov kev pom zoo ntawm Sventsitsky, lawv tau sim muab tus cwj pwm sau rau Kobzar.
Tab sis qhov no ua rau muaj kev ua xyem xyav ntau dhau. Xyoo 1880, cov tshaj tawm ntawm Shevchenko cov paj huam nug txog tus kws tshaj lij hauv cov ntawv Ukrainian li Ukrainianophile Kulish. Nws tau paub txog Shevchenko qhov tsis muaj txim. Tsis xav qhia tawm cov kab lus Polish thiab paub Pavel Chubinsky (tsis ntev los no tuag), ib tus npoj yaig hauv Ministry of Railways, Kulish suav tias yog tus sau rau nws.
Kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev tshaj tawm, tus pov thawj Galician, Pole los ntawm keeb kwm, Mikhail Verbitsky, lub npe ntawm Nikolai Verbitsky, tau sau nkauj ib lub lis piam tom qab. Txij lub sijhawm ntawd los, cov neeg ntaus Polish pib thov cov nkauj ntawm Galicia. Zoo ib yam Galicia, qhov uas tsuas yog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd Austrians tab tom tsim lub tebchaws tshiab, Ukrainian, tso cai "Ukrainians" nrog tus yam ntxwv zoo li tus chij, nkauj nkauj thiab txawm tias keeb kwm. Hnub ua haujlwm ntawm thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yaj kiab rau pej xeem tau txiav txim siab Lub Peb Hlis 10, 1865, thaum nyob hauv Przemysl, hauv tsev kawm txuj ci kev ntseeg, haiv neeg Ukrainian tau teeb tsa hmo thaum nco txog Shevchenko.
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab lub ntsiab lus "Ukraine tseem tsis tau tuag" ua tau zoo sib xws rau cov lus hais txog nom tswv thiab kev xav ntawm haiv neeg Polish ntawm Me Russia thiab Galicia nyob rau hmo ua kev tawm tsam. Txij li thaum kev tawm tsam ua tsis tau tiav, cov ntsiab lus tsis tau tshaj tawm. Thiab nws yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau cov neeg Lavxias tsawg, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, nquag pab txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov kev tawm tsam Polish. Nkauj tau pom cov av muaj txiaj ntsig tsuas yog ntawm Galician Ukrainophiles, uas mob siab rau hu nkauj rau Polish qhib.
Tau hais tawm luv luv hauv 1917-1920 raws li ib qho ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub suab nkauj hauv tebchaws ntawm UNR cuav, Cov neeg Polish tsoo raug rub tawm ntawm lub khw hauv 1992. Lawv tau nws, co nws tawm ntawm cov npauj npaim, kho nws. Thawj Tswj Hwm Kuchma rov sau thawj kab ntawv nyeem: "Ukraine tseem tsis tau tuag, muaj yeeb koob thiab yuav," tsuas yog thawj quatrain thiab tsis kam ua raws. Nws yog kev nom tswv tsis raug cai los thov San River hauv Poland thiab Lavxias Don. Hauv daim ntawv no, qhov kev tsim Polish tau pom zoo hauv 2003 raws li lub suab nkauj hauv tebchaws ntawm Ukraine.
Raws li koj paub, kev hu nkauj ntawm ib lub xeev twg tseem yog qhov haujlwm uas yav dhau los, tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej tau sib koom ua ke, nws tseem yog hu rau nws cov neeg, nws tseem yog thov rau nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Lub suab nkauj yuav tsum ua rau cov pej xeem hauv lub tebchaws zoo li lawv tau koom nrog hauv qee yam zoo thiab zoo, thiab khaws cia nco txog nws tau ntau pua xyoo. Anthem ntawm Fabkis, nto moo "Marseillaise", yog ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev hu nkauj ua tau zoo, suab paj nruag uas tsis muaj leej twg tsis quav ntsej. Nws ua tib zoo piav qhia qhov tsw ntawm lub tebchaws, nws lub hom phiaj thiab kev cia siab.
Thiab cov koom haum twg tuaj yeem hu nkauj ntawm Ukraine evoke "Tseem tsis tau tuag …"? Thawj qhov uas los rau hauv siab: "muaj sia nyob me ntsis", "ua pa tsw qab", "tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob hauv lub cev." Thawj kab ntawm lub suab nkauj hauv tebchaws hais ntau. Raws li tus thawj coj tsis nco qab Vrungel tau hais tias: "Raws li koj lub npe yacht, yog li nws yuav ntab." Yog li nws yog nrog Ukraine: nws tau ntab hauv qhov tsis paub thiab nws tsis paub meej vim li cas. Tsis muaj ntau seem kom txog thaum lub pob zeb kawg.
