Thaum Lub Rau Hli 16, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws tshiab ntawm Ukraine P. Poroshenko, nrog rau cov xwm txheej uas paub zoo uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau thaj tsam sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws, txwv tsis pub muaj kev koom tes ntxiv ntawm cov tub rog Ukrainian-kev ua haujlwm thiab Lavxias. Cov kws tshaj lij muaj kev tshuaj xyuas sib txawv ntawm txoj hauv kev rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam tiv thaiv Ukrainian.
Tom qab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub xeev tau ua tiav, kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv Ukraine, raws li kev kwv yees ntawm qee tus kws tshaj lij, yuav poob tsuas yog 15 feem pua ntawm kev xa tawm txhua xyoo, uas yog kwv yees li $ 300 lab. Hauv kev xav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv tebchaws Ukrainian, kev sib tawg ntawm ob lub xeev yuav tsis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau kev muab cov tub rog hauv tebchaws Ukrainian. Ntxiv mus, lawv paub tseeb tias kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Ukrainian tseem tuaj yeem yeej yav tom ntej.
Tab sis thawj yam ua ntej. Tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm USSR, Ukraine tau txais kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm cov koom haum ua tub rog tsim khoom. Kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Ukrainian suav nrog yuav luag 3,600 lub tuam txhab, uas ua haujlwm ntau dua 3 lab tus tib neeg. Kwv yees li 700 lub tuam txhab tau koom nrog tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb tub rog, thiab ntau dua ib txhiab, ntxiv rau riam phom thiab cuab yeej siv tub rog, tau koom nrog tsim cov khoom siv ob lub hom phiaj lossis cov khoom siv rau pej xeem. Ukraine kuj tau txais ib feem peb ntawm Soviet chaw lag luam. Txog 140 lub tuam txhab tau koom nrog hauv kev lag luam chaw. Ntawm 20 hom cuaj luaj uas tau tsim hauv USSR, 12 tau tsim thiab tsim tawm hauv tebchaws Ukraine.
39 lub tuam txhab, 11 lub dav hlau kho cov nroj tsuag tau koom nrog hauv kev lag luam aviation hauv tebchaws Ukraine.
Tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Kawg, qee qhov kev lag luam raug txo. Cov tuam txhab uas tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam ntawm pej xeem tau muab ntiag tug thiab hloov mus rau hauv kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis muaj kev paub dhau los hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam, yog li kev tsim khoom nres, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam poob.
Txog rau hnub no, tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov tuam txhab Ukrainian uas tau koom nrog tsim cov khoom lag luam tub rog tau muaj txoj sia nyob. Raws li Ministry of Harrow, tam sim no muaj 162 kev lag luam tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv Ukraine. Ib feem ntawm lawv uas tseem nyob hauv lub xeev cov tswv cuab tau khaws cia vim yog ob peb lub xeev kev tiv thaiv xaj, txij li qee lub sijhawm tau txais cov ntawv cog lus xa tawm. Nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias qhov no tsuas yog txaus kom tsis txhob tawg tag, thiab tsis txaus los muab kev ua haujlwm rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog lub xeev kev lag luam "Antonov", uas yav dhau los sib sau ua ke txog 200 lub dav hlau txhua xyoo, thiab tam sim no muaj peev xwm sib sau ua ke txog tsib.
Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias, nws tau meej meej tias nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau Ukraine tsom mus rau qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm yav dhau los USSR. Cov tuam txhab tiv thaiv Ukrainian tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov riam phom thiab cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, lawv vam khom cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws ntawm cov khoom, feem ntau yog Lavxias. Ntau xyoo dhau los, cov kws tshaj lij tau hais qhia ntxiv txog cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm, tab sis tam sim no lawv ntseeg siab tias nws lig dhau los tham txog kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tub rog-tub rog hauv tebchaws Ukraine. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau pom kev tsom mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov neeg ib puag ncig uas muaj qee qhov kev cia siab.
Thiab muaj cov lus qhia nyob ntawd. Qhov no feem ntau yog tsim cov tsheb tiv thaiv tub rog, lub tshuab radar, cov dav hlau dav hlau.
Tam sim no, Cyclone tso lub tsheb, uas yog tsim los tso rau hauv nruab nrab-chav satellites, yog kev txaus siab rau cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws. Antonov Design Bureau nthuav qhia ntau yam ntawm nws qhov kev txhim kho tshiab, tshwj xeeb, An-140 thiab An-70, uas twb tau tshaj tawm lawv tus kheej tias yog cov tshuab sib tw tshaj plaws hauv lawv chav kawm. Motor Sich tsim cov cav rau An-24, An-32 thiab An-26 lub dav hlau, Mi-8, Ka-25 thiab Mi-24 qhov dav hlau, uas muaj ntau hauv kev pabcuam nrog ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Ib qhov zoo ntawm cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj yog qhov tseeb tias Ukraine tau txais ntau lub network ntawm cov chaw tshawb fawb, suav nrog kev txhim kho hauv kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cybernetics, tshuab thev naus laus zis, chaw nres tsheb radar kom pom lub hom phiaj tsis meej. Cov tuam txhab Ukrainian muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev ua kom zoo dua qub ntawm riam phom Soviet, uas tam sim no tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Ua tsaug rau tag nrho cov cheeb tsam no, Ukrspetsexport, kev tswj hwm ntawm Ukrainian caj npab thiab kev lag luam khoom siv tub rog, txhua xyoo tau txais ntau dua $ 1 nphom hauv cov nyiaj tau los, thiab lub xeev muaj txoj haujlwm siab hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom xa tawm tebchaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntsuas no yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov tsawg dua li qhov muaj peev xwm, raws li tus lej ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, Ukrainian kev tiv thaiv-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj tuaj yeem nqa tuaj. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntawm feem ntau ntawm Ukrainian kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam, Ukroboronprom kev txhawj xeeb tau tsim (2011).
Qhov kev txhawj xeeb tau koom ua ke 134 cov tuam txhab-xeev thiab cov tuam txhab sib koom ua lag luam, uas yog lub xeev muaj. Tsis ntev nws muab tawm tias lawv tsis muaj kev lag luam thiab nyiaj txiag rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis muaj nyiaj tau daws los ntawm kev xa rov qab cov txiaj ntsig ntau ntawm qee qhov kev lag luam ua tiav rau qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg uas tau ntsib teeb meem nyiaj txiag. Qhov teeb meem thib ob tau daws vim qhov tseeb tias Ukraine tau koom nrog tas li hauv ntau yam kev nthuav qhia tub rog thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov kev txhawj xeeb sawv cev rau kev txaus siab ntawm txhua tus neeg koom nrog, txawm tias cov uas tsim cov khoom me me. Yog li, cov txiaj ntsig loj tau tsim, uas coj nws cov txiaj ntsig, thiab nrawm heev. Ob xyoos tom qab, cov tuam txhab ntawm Ukroboronprom tau them yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov nqi them ua haujlwm. Pab pawg tsim khoom ntau ntxiv los ntawm 24 feem pua (piv rau 2012) thiab ntau dua UAH 13 txhiab nyiaj daus las. Qee lub chaw tsim khoom, vim muaj kev cog lus sab nrauv loj, tswj kom nce kev tsim khoom ntau zaus. Yog li, piv txwv li, SJSCH "Artem" tau nce ntau lawm los ntawm 7 npaug (txog li 2, 2 billion hryvnia), "cog im. Malysheva "- los ntawm peb lub hlis twg (txog 302 lab hryvnia).
Yog li, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias, kev lag luam tub rog Ukrainian tam sim no muaj peev xwm los sib tw ntawm kev lag luam txawv teb chaws hauv cov cheeb tsam no xws li kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov dav hlau (An-70), nrog rau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov dav hlau tub rog; kev koom tes tsim kev tsim nkoj ntawm cov nkoj, cov roj cav, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv nkoj; kev txhim kho, kev tsim khoom thiab kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov chaw foob pob hluav taws thiab cov cuab yeej siv, ua cov cuaj luaj tub rog rau pej xeem lub hom phiaj, koom nrog hauv kev xa xov tooj cua; txhim kho cov qauv qib siab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog thiab riam phom, tshawb fawb tshawb fawb; kho haujlwm thiab hloov kho tshiab ntawm Soviet cov cuab yeej thiab riam phom.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsoomfwv Ukrainian yuav tsum xav txog yuav ua li cas thiaj daws tau cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm, tshwj xeeb, txhawm rau txo tus nqi tsim khoom ntau dhau, los daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsis muaj peev nyiaj txiag txaus thiab kom ntseeg tau tias muaj ntau qhov kev tiv thaiv hauv lub xeev xaj.
Yog tias qhov teeb meem ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom tau twb tau daws ib nrab los ntawm kev qhia txog kev txuag hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis thiab kev txuag zog vim kev siv cov tshuab tshiab, tom qab ntawd nrog rau ob qhov teeb meem ntxiv, nws tsis yooj yim li.
Raws li rau nyiaj txiag sab ntawm qhov teeb meem, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias lub xeev txoj haujlwm rau kev hloov kho thiab txhim kho cov tub rog-kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, suav txog 2017 (uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tau tsim nyob rau hauv Yanukovych), muab rau qhov xav tau kev nqis peev ntxiv tshaj li 10 txhiab hryvnia los hloov kho kev lag luam lub peev xwm. Ntau tshaj 6.5 txhiab nyiaj ntawm cov peev nyiaj no tau npaj yuav xa mus rau qhov xav tau ntawm Ukroboronprom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau faib tsuas yog kwv yees li 3 txhiab daus las los ntawm pob nyiaj siv, cov nyiaj seem yuav tsum tau los rau hauv tus as khauj ntawm cov nyiaj qiv thiab peev nyiaj txiag ntiag tug, nrog rau kev muag cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm qee cov lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov xwm txheej nyuaj hauv lub tebchaws, tsoomfwv tsis tuaj yeem muab cov nyiaj no. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev txhawj xeeb tau poob nws txoj haujlwm hauv ntiaj teb kev xa khoom siv riam phom thoob ntiaj teb. Ib qho ntxiv, kev tswj hwm qhov kev txhawj xeeb tau txiav txim siab txog qhov yuav tsum tau rov txhim kho ntau dua 40 lub tuam txhab, qhov chaw tsim khoom raug tso tseg vim tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau. Feem ntau ntawm kev txhawj xeeb cov tuam txhab muaj cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj, suav nrog thaj av, uas tau npaj yuav muag rau 2.5 billion hryvnia. Tsuav yog txhua qhov teeb meem nyiaj txiag no tseem tsis tau daws, nws tsis tuaj yeem tham txog kev txhim kho ib txwm muaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam.
Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xaj hauv xeev tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb dua. Thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo ntawm kev ywj pheej, kev siv pob nyiaj siv rau kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tau me me. Piv txwv li, xyoo tas los lawv suav txog kwv yees li 15 billion hryvnia. Los ntawm cov peev nyiaj luv rau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv tub rog thiab riam phom ntawm pab tub rog Ukrainian hauv xyoo 2012, tsuas yog 890 lab hryvnias tau txais, hauv 2013 - 685 lab, thiab xyoo no - thiab txawm tias tsawg dua - tsuas yog 563 lab tau npaj tseg. Nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias cov peev nyiaj no yog kev puas tsuaj me me rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam tiv thaiv. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, txhawm rau tswj hwm pab tub rog Ukrainian hauv lub xeev niaj hnub npaj ua rog, nws yuav tsum siv nyiaj tsawg kawg $ 400-500 lab rau nws, thiab qhov no tsuas yog siv rau kev yuav riam phom thiab khoom siv. Ib qho ntxiv, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev ua tub rog-kev tsim khoom, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub xeev kev tiv thaiv kev xaj kom dhau kev xa tawm los ntawm ob peb zaug. Hauv tebchaws Ukraine, kwv yees li 93 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov khoom lag luam tiv thaiv tam sim no raug xa tawm.
Ua qhov zoo li nws tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis txhawm rau kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Ukrainian pib tsim, thiab tsis yog cia kom poob, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum kov yeej txhua qhov teeb meem no. Ib qho tseem ceeb yog kev vam khom ntawm Ukraine rau cov khoom siv Lavxias thiab Lavxias kev muag khoom lag luam. Yog li, qhov tsis kam lees ntawm Ukrainian kev lag luam tiv thaiv kev koom tes nrog Russia feem ntau yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam kev peev nyiaj hauv lub xeev los ntawm kev xa tawm cov khoom lag luam tub rog hauv tebchaws Ukraine mus rau Russia. Ib qho ntxiv, qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev koom tes yuav ua, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, kom poob ntawm kwv yees li 30 txhiab txoj haujlwm, vim tias kev ua tub rog yuav poob qis.
Ib qho ntxiv, qhov kev poob qis suav nrog qhov ua tsis tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib koom tes, tshwj xeeb, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm An-148/158, rov pib tsim khoom ntawm Ruslan (An-124-100), thiab txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm hauv txoj haujlwm rau kev tsim kho ntawm An-70 tub rog thauj dav hlau. Ib qho ntxiv, kev sib tsoo hauv kev koom tes yuav ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm siv ntau lub nkoj hauv Nikolaev rau kev tsim kho cov tub rog hnyav hauv chav kawm.
Tsis txhob hnov qab tias Ukraine twb poob 13 lub chaw lag luam nyob rau ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb. Nco qab tias lawv yog ib feem ntawm kev txhawj xeeb hauv xeev Ukrainian "Ukroboronprom".
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj riam phom uas Ukraine thiab Russia tsis koom tes hlo li, tab sis yog cov neeg sib tw, tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam ntawm Asia thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj. Qhov no yog, ua ntej tshaj plaws, hais txog cov tsheb tiv thaiv. Tam sim no Ukraine tau nkag mus rau kev cia siab rau kev lag luam thiab kos npe rau ob peb daim ntawv cog lus zoo.
Ib qho ntxiv, tsoomfwv Lavxias tau txais lwm qhov ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb: Dnipropetrovsk Yuzhmash liam tias xav sib tham nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qee lub tebchaws ntawm kev muag cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov hnyav-class-ballistic intercontinental missiles Dab Ntxwg Nyoog thiab Voyevoda. Ib qho ntxiv, Lavxias Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Feem Txawv Tebchaws twb tau thov tsoomfwv Ukrainian tsis txhob nthuav tawm cov thev naus laus zis, txij li Ukraine tau kos npe rau Hague Code of Conduct los tiv thaiv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm tsoomfwv Ukrainian kom xaus kev koom tes ua tub rog-kev koom tes nrog Russia tau txhais tau tias Ukrainian kev lag luam tiv thaiv kev lag luam yuav tsum yog txhawm rau nrhiav cov neeg yuav khoom rau cov khoom uas lawv muag rau cov neeg Lavxias, lossis nthuav kev koom tes nrog cov neeg yuav khoom tam sim no.
Sab Lavxias tau hais ntau zaus tias tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm ob lub tebchaws hauv kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam, kev lag luam tiv thaiv Ukrainian yuav tsis muaj sia nyob. Ib qho ntxiv, Lavxias cov kws tshaj lij hais tias cov khoom siv tub rog hauv tebchaws Ukraine tsis xav tau nyob rau Sab Hnub Poob, thiab lawv tsuas yog yuav tsis raug tso cai nyob ntawd txhawm rau zam kev sib tw tsis tseem ceeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tiag, vim tias txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab German muaj zog nyob rau sab hnub poob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj kev txhim kho hauv Ukraine uas nthuav rau Sab Hnub Poob. Tshwj xeeb, peb tab tom tham txog kev sib koom tes koom tes ntawm Ukrainian kev lag luam "Luch" thiab Belgian Cockerill Maintenance & Ingenierie Defense, uas tau siv txoj haujlwm los tsim lub pej thuam Belgian nrog Ukrainian lub foob pob thiab rab phom. Txoj kev txhim kho no tau yooj yim sib xws nrog txhua hom tsheb uas muaj lub teeb ci. Ib yam tshiab zoo sib xws twb tau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog tiv thaiv Polish "Rosomak". Tebchaws Poland tseem tau hais ntau zaus nws lub siab xav ua haujlwm ua ke nrog Ukraine kev txhim kho ntawm kev siv tshuab, chaw nres tsheb radar, ntau hom cuaj luaj thiab khoom siv sib txuas lus. Izium Instrument-Making Plant muab nws cov iav kho qhov muag mus rau European thiab Asmeskas lub tebchaws.
Thaum Lub Ob Hlis, kev tswj hwm ntawm Spetstechnoexport tau tham txog cov lus cog tseg rau kev muab tsib lub tub rog uas muaj tub rog thauj khoom BTR-4 nrog cov sawv cev ntawm Ministry of Defense thiab Marine Corps ntawm Indonesian Navy. Yog tias daim ntawv cog lus ua tiav tiav, muaj kev pom zoo ntawm kev muab 50 ntau chav nyob ntawm cov tshuab no.
Ib qho ntxiv, Ukraine yog tus xa khoom ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov khoom lag luam rau Asia thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj. Yog li, xyoo tas los, daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe ntawm Ukraine thiab Pakistan rau kev muab 110 lub zog tsim hluav taws xob rau Al-Kalid sib ntaus sib tua tank hauv tus nqi ntawm $ 50 lab. Lub tshuab tsim khoom lag luam "FED" tau ua tiav kev sib tham nrog Suav ntawm kev muag ntawm ob qho khoom tiav thiab thev naus laus zis. Hauv xyoo tas los ib leeg, cov nroj tsuag tau tsim txog 30 qhov tshiab rau kev ya dav hlau.
Txaus siab rau hauv Ukrainian armored tsheb thiab Belarus. Tshwj xeeb, Thawj Tswj Hwm A. Lukashenko dhau los ua kev txaus siab rau cov neeg tsav tsheb uas muaj log hauv tebchaws Ukrainian. Thiab txawm hais tias Lukashenka tsis tau tshaj tawm uas cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog uas nws tau tham txog, xovxwm twb tau qhia tias nws tau xav hauv siab BTR-4 "Bucephalus". Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias kev txaus siab hauv Ukrainian cov tsheb tiv thaiv tsis yog xwm txheej. Qhov tseeb yog tias tsoomfwv Belarusian npaj yuav hloov kho lub dav hlau tiv thaiv cov tub rog ntawm nws pab tub rog. Thiab ntxiv rau, Ukrainian BTR-4 nkag mus rau saum kaum tus neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kabmob hauv ntiaj teb hais txog kev siv hluav taws, tiv thaiv thiab txav mus los.
Cov kws tshaj lij tub rog muaj kev ntsuas sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv kev ua tub rog-kev sib koom tes ntawm Ukraine thiab Russia.
Yog li, raws li V. Badrak, tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Chaw rau Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Tub Rog, Kev tshem riam phom thiab hloov dua siab tshiab, qhov sib txawv yuav mob heev, tab sis rau ntau dua rau Russia, vim tias nws yuav poob Voevoda cov foob pob hluav taws. Chrysanthemum-S tiv thaiv lub tank yuav tsis ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj cov khoom siv Ukrainian. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Russia qhov poob tuaj yeem xav txog kwv yees li ob txhiab daus las.
Ukrainian "kws tshaj lij" xyaum hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg hais tias rau Ukraine kev sib cais ntawm kev sib raug zoo hauv kev ua tub rog-kev ua haujlwm yog, ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev txiav txim siab nom tswv. Txij li Russia tau liam tias ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam rau Ukraine, Ukraine yuav tsum tso tseg Lavxias riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog tag nrho thiab tsis txhawb kev ntxiv dag zog rau Russia txoj kev tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm.
Tab sis tus kws lij choj Ukrainian V. Medvedchuk ntseeg siab tias kev lag luam tiv thaiv Ukrainian yuav plam kev muag khoom hauv Lavxias, thiab nrog nws, cov txuj ci tsim tub rog hauv tsev thiab cov tswv yim koom tes. Hauv nws lub tswv yim, tsoomfwv tab tom rhuav tshem kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv tebchaws Ukrainian los ntawm kev txiav txim siab xaus kev koom tes ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntawm ob lub tebchaws thiab yog li ua rau lub tebchaws tsis muaj kev txhim kho.
