Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus

Cov txheej txheem:

Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus
Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus

Video: Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus

Video: Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus
Video: Xov Xwm 8/11/20; Tej Xwm Txheej KubKub Lub Caij Nyoog No 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus
Coats ntawm caj npab: daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus

Coats ntawm caj npab thiab heraldry. Niaj hnub no peb yuav paub nrog lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus - txhua qhov chaw uas muaj feem ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, uas, raws li nws muab tawm, muaj ob peb heev. Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - daim ntaub thaiv, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub tsho tiv no. Cov ntaub thaiv npog zoo nyob rau ntau pua xyoo tuaj yeem sib txawv. Thiab dua li, zoo li txhua yam ntxiv, nws hloov pauv nyob ntawm qhov zam. Cov ntaub thaiv npog ntawm thawj lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab tau yooj yim heev. Tab sis cov ntaub thaiv npog ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm Baroque era yog pretentious.

Dab tsi yuav tsum yog lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab muaj?

Cov ntaub thaiv npog feem ntau dhau los ntawm tus tub rog lub kaus mom hlau. Lub kaus mom hlau tau npog nrog basting - ib daim ntaub, ua kom nruj nrog cov plaub hau, uas yav dhau los cov tub rog tau qhwv lawv lub kaus mom hlau kom nws yuav tsis kub heev hauv lub hnub.

Sab saum toj ntawm lub kaus mom hlau muaj kleinod thiab yas. Kleinod yog kho kom zoo nkauj lub kaus mom hlau, thiab lub kaus mom hlau tuaj yeem ua nrog lub kaus mom thiab tsis muaj kleinode, tsuas yog nrog kleinode. Los yog nws tuaj yeem nqa ob lub yas thiab kleinod. Ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe, daim ntaub thaiv tuaj yeem nyob ntawm lub tsho tiv no, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm lwm lub yas.

Cov ntaub thaiv npog yuav muaj lub hauv paus uas cov neeg tuav ntaub thaiv npog sawv. Thiab ntawm no qhov kev npau suav ntawm cov neeg ua rog (uas yog, lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab, nrog rau lawv cov lus tshaj tawm) yog qhov yooj yim txwv. Lawv tuaj yeem ua txiv neej liab qab nrog cov pab pawg, thiab cov txiv plig nrog ntaj nyob hauv lawv txhais tes (los ntawm txoj kev, peb yuav twv yuav raug hu qhia txog lub xeev nrog lub cim no thiab yuav ua li cas nws tshwm sim hauv ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv qab no), tsov ntxhuav, unicorns thiab zebras.. yog leej twg khaws lub tsho caj npab tsis tau tso cai!

Thaum kawg, hauv qab lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab muaj ib daim kab xev uas lub ntsiab lus tau sau. Rau Cov Neeg Scots, xws li txoj hlua (feem ntau yog tus tub rog txoj siv nrog lub khawm) mus ncig lub tsho ntawm caj npab nws tus kheej.

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Cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab yog ib feem ntawm kev dai kom zoo nkauj

Cov ntaub thaiv npog zoo li thaum xub thawj ua haujlwm tau zoo: nws yog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm tus tub rog daim ntaub thaiv zoo li "hlau". Nws tau yooj yim rau laj kab nrog cov ntaub thaiv npog. Nws tsis hnyav heev thiab tib lub sijhawm tau txais kev tiv thaiv zoo rau nws tus tswv. Tam sim no daim ntaub thaiv tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntev thiab npog ob txhais ceg. Cov ceg ntawm qhov kawg ntawm XII-XIII ib puas xyoo. pib tiv thaiv saw hlau txoj kev loj.

Tom qab ntawd lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab tau txais tus yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv sib tw. Nws yog daim ntawv tshwj xeeb. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov ntaub thaiv npog no tsis tau siv, tab sis rau kev sib tw nws yog "qhov tshaj plaws."

Nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, daim ntawv tiv thaiv kab mob tau ploj tag lawv "daim ntawv sib ntaus", tau txais cov ntsej muag ua ntsej muag, ci. Hauv ib lo lus, lawv tsis zoo li yog ib feem ntawm cov cuab yeej sib ntaus. Cov poj niam muaj cov ntaub thaiv npog rhombic.

Thiab hauv Russia, tom qab Peter Great, npog nrog cov lus me me nyob hauv qab kis. Lawv tau siv ob qho los ua daim thaiv rau lub nroog lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab thiab raws li ntaub thaiv npog rau cov neeg muaj koob npe.

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Ntawm no peb yuav txav deb me ntsis ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Kom nco ntsoov li cas kleinods tau tshwm sim ntawm lub kaus mom hlau ntawm cov tub rog, uas tom qab ntawd tau tsiv mus rau lub cim.

Nco ntsoov tias qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub kaus mom hlau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 12th yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag. Yog li ntawd, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, lub npe hu ua "kaus mom kaus mom" tau tsim los ntawm lub kaus mom hlau uas tau txhawb nqa nrog cov hlau hlau nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab.

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Lub kaus mom hlau los ntawm Vienna Armory

Lub kaus mom hlau nyob nruab nrab xyoo 14th, qhia hauv qab hauv daim duab, hnyav heev uas nws tej zaum tsuas yog siv los ua kev sib tw. Nws yog riveted los ntawm ob sab pem hauv ntej thiab ob daim phiaj tom qab, nrog rau lub tiaj tiaj puag ncig parietal phaj.

Lub kaus mom hlau no muaj lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv zoo. Tab sis nws yog nws uas ua rau nws zoo li lub ntsej muag inverted "lauj kaub" lossis "thoob". Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tiv thaiv no muaj qhov txwv qhov pom. Knights hauv lub kaus mom hlau tuaj yeem tsuas pom lawv ib puag ncig los ntawm qhov pom qhov nqaim. Cov pa nqus pa tseem tsis txaus.

Lub kaus mom hlau Vienna pom hauv daim duab yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog ib qho khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb. Vim hais tias ntawm kaum ob txoj sia muaj sia nyob ntawm hom no, tsuas yog qhov no thiab lub kaus mom hlau Canterbury ntawm Tus Tub Vaj Ntxwv Dub tau khaws cia zoo.

Thiab, tau kawg, qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv tau muab rau nws los ntawm Kleinod, hu ua zimier. Nws zoo li ib yam dab tsi monumental thiab ruaj khov. Txawm hais tias cov khoom zoo li no tau ua los ntawm ntoo, tawv lossis parchment thiab tsis muaj zog ntau. Yog li zimier ntawm lub kaus mom hlau no muaj cov duab ntawm cov nyuj loj loj. Tab sis qhov tseeb, lawv nyob sab hauv thiab hnyav me ntsis.

Nws muaj txoj sia nyob tsuas yog vim nws tau dai hla txoj kev faus neeg ntawm Styrian von Pranch tsev neeg nyob hauv lub tsev teev ntuj Augustinian hauv Zekau. Nws tau txais rau Imperial Armory tsuas yog xyoo 1878. Nws ntseeg tias nws tus tswv qub tuaj yeem yog Albert von Pranch, nws lub foob los ntawm 1353 qhia peb yuav luag zoo li lub kaus mom hlau.

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Los ntawm txoj kev, lub kaus mom hlau hauv kev tshaj tawm tsis tau kos los ntawm lub taub hau. Ntawd yog, thaum xub thawj - yog. Yog koj xav tau lub kaus mom hlau, koj muaj lub kaus mom hlau. Thiab tom qab ntawd, qee qhov hauv 1500, cov lus qhia tau tshwm sim yuav ua li cas kos lub kaus mom hlau kom raug txhawm rau txhawm rau cuam tshuam txog qib ntawm tus tswv ntawm lub tsho loj ntawm caj npab.

Cov cai tau sib txawv hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Yog li, hauv tebchaws Askiv, lub kaus mom hlau nrog cov pas nrig kub, tab sis tsuas yog cov neeg siab zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem muaj ib qho nyiaj. Gentry (cov neeg muaj hwj chim me me) tuaj yeem tsuas muaj lub kaus mom hlau kaw. Thiab baronets - nrog lub qhov muag qhib. Cov no yog cov subtleties uas tseem ceeb.

Coats ntawm caj npab ntawm pavises

Lub sijhawm dhau los, lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab tau pib ua kom pom tsis yog ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem nyob rau ntawm tus ncej thaiv-thaiv kev, uas tau siv los ntawm cov neeg hla. Tab sis cov no tsis yog lawv tus kheej lub tsho tiv no. Thiab lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm cov nroog uas ntiav lawv thiab muab cov ntaub thaiv zoo li no rau lawv.

Lawv tau ua los ntawm ntoo. Npog nrog tawv lossis ntaub ntaub. Primed thiab pleev xim nrog cov xim.

Qhov nruab nrab tav ntawm txoj kev yog U-shaped protrusion thiab muab qhov chaw rau txhais tes tuav daim ntaub thaiv. Kuj tseem muaj T-puab pob txha kov.

Nws tau ntseeg tias lub tebchaws keeb kwm ntawm txoj kev taug tuaj yeem yog Lithuania. Tom qab ntawd daim ntaub thaiv no tau nrov nyob hauv Bohemia thaum tsov rog Hussite. Thiab nws tau nthuav tawm hauv Tebchaws Europe Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees raws li qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov tub rog nruab nrab thaum ub.

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Raws li tau sau tseg, tsis muaj chav nyob ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv rau cov kaus mom hlau lossis cov neeg txhawb nqa. Tag nrho cov no tau tshwm sim tom qab, thaum lawv pib kho cov phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev fuabtais, rooj tog zaum, thiab tseem tso lawv rau ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm phau ntawv nrog lub tsho npab. Yog li dhau sijhawm, lub tsho ntawm caj npab tau dhau los ua ntau dua.

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