Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm txog kev ua tub rog ntawm Turkmenistan
Tom qab kev rhuav tshem ntawm USSR, pab pawg tub rog Soviet loj tau los nyob hauv txoj cai ntawm Turkmenistan: los ntawm Turkestan Cov Tub Rog Hauv Cheeb Tsam - kev tswj hwm ntawm 36th Army Corps, 58th (Kizyl -Arvat), 84th (Ashgabat), 88th Kushka) MSD, 61- Kuv kawm MOD (Ashgabat), 156th (Mary-2) thiab 217th (Kizyl-Arvat) kev tswj hwm huab cua ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua-foob pob ntawm 49th pab tub rog, los ntawm pab pawg thib 12 sib cais tiv thaiv huab cua-17th Division Air Defense (Ashgabat) nrog 2 lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau, pawg tub rog thib 12 thiab 64 lub xov tooj cua kev tshaj lij 152nd (Ak-tepe) thiab 179th tus tiv thaiv (Nebit-Dag) cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua, qee qhov ntawm Caspian flotilla, thiab tseem muaj lwm tus tub rog tsim.
Hauv kev ua tub rog -kev ua haujlwm, qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Soviet tau pom los ntawm cov duab hauv qab no: lub tank loj thiab nruab nrab - 530, tsheb sib tua tub rog, cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv tub rog - 1132, cov phom loj phom, phom thiab MLRS muaj peev xwm tshaj 100 hli - 540, dav hlau sib ntaus - 314, sib ntaus thiab lwm lub dav hlau helicopters - 20, nrog rau ntau lub nkoj me me thiab nkoj.
Kev tshem tawm ciam teb tau xa mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Turkmen SSR (135th Nebit-Dagsky, 67th Karakalinsky, 71st Bakhardensky, 45th Serakhsky, 46th Kaakhkinsky, 47th Kerkinsky thiab 68th Takhta-Bazarsky), hiav txwv thiab dej ntawm cov tub rog ciam teb ntawm Central Asian koog tsev kawm ntawv ciam teb ntawm KGB ntawm USSR. Txog rau xyoo 1999, kev tiv thaiv ciam teb hauv thaj chaw Turkmen (suav nrog hauv hiav txwv) tau ua tiav ua ke nrog cov tub rog ciam teb ntawm Lavxias, tab sis lawv tau tawm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tebchaws raws li kev thov ntawm nws tus thawj coj (uas, raws li cov kws tshaj lij ywj pheej, yog feem ntau yog vim xav tau ntawm kev txiav txim siab tswj hwm kev lag luam tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm Afghanistan).
Ib qho ntxiv, Turkmen tau txais cov khoom siv hauv paus thiab riam phom ntawm cov tub rog sab hauv thiab kev tiv thaiv pej xeem ntawm yav dhau los USSR nyob hauv lub tebchaws.
Tau txais cov roob ntawm Soviet riam phom thiab pib tsim cov tub rog hauv tebchaws, Turkmenistan tau ntsib qhov teeb meem tsis txaus ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hais kom ua, vim tias feem ntau ntawm "European" cov tub ceev xwm tau tawm hauv lub tebchaws uas tau tawg hauv nruab nrab Hnub Nyoog.
Tam sim no, qhov teeb meem no tau daws los ntawm kev qhia cov tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws hauv lawv tus kheej thiab txawv teb chaws cov tub rog kev kawm, tab sis kev ua tub rog tshaj lij ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Turkmen ua rau muaj kev ua xyem xyav, tshwj xeeb hauv tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog nyuaj. Yog li, txog thaum tsis ntev los no, tsuas muaj qee tus neeg hauv paus txawm sib ntaus hauv kev sim dav hlau hauv Turkmen cov tub rog. Nws tau txais mus rau lub ntsiab lus uas ntawm kev ua tub rog pom kev zoo nkauj qhov muag ntawm "Turkmenbashi Great" caressed lub dav hlau ntawm cov kws tsav dav hlau los ntawm Ukraine. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog tau muag (suav nrog los ntawm kev nyiag neeg) rau lwm lub tebchaws.
Vim yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm haiv neeg Turkmen rov qab nrog nws cov pab pawg neeg ruaj khov, kev nrhiav neeg ua tub rog nrog kev sau npe yog ua raws lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua neeg txawv teb chaws, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hais kom ua (suav nrog qhov siab tshaj) yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau nquag kev sib hloov, thiab qhov phem tshaj - rau kev tsuj. Yog li, lub teb chaws txoj kev coj noj coj ua tsis tso cai tshwm sim muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai hauv pawg neeg hauv zej zog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov pejxeem ntawm ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb, vim tias lawv koom nrog pab pawg sib txawv. Cov pab pawg neeg thiab pab pawg neeg tsis sib haum xeeb, hauv paus ntsiab lus, txiav txim siab ib qho ntawm qhov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm Turkmen cov tub rog tshuab (mus rau qib lossis lwm qhov, txawm li cas los xij, lawv kuj yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm lwm lub tebchaws ntawm post-Soviet Central Asia).
Cov tub rog Turkmen tsis koom nrog ntau yam hauv kev qhia ntaus rog xws li raug yuam ua haujlwm hauv ntau yam lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. Raws li "Turkmenbashi" Niyazov nws tus kheej tau hais, txog li ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv sau xa mus ua haujlwm hauv cov koom haum pej xeem.
Nws tsis zoo li qhov xwm txheej no hloov pauv qhov tseem ceeb tom qab nws tuag xyoo 2006: txawm tias muaj kev paub zoo txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm Turkmenistan thiab Uzbekistan (suav nrog vim tias muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Amu Darya dej) thiab Azerbaijan (vim qhov tsis txaus ntseeg) xwm txheej ntawm Caspian - qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide) thiab qhov xwm txheej tsis ruaj khov nyob rau Afghanistan (ciam teb uas cov Turkmen tau tiv thaiv tsis txaus ntseeg, uas ua rau Kazakhstan txhawj xeeb), Ashgabat ntshai ntau qhov kev tawm tsam tsoomfwv hauv pab tub rog ntau dua li sab nraud kev hem thawj.
Lub koom haum qauv thiab tib neeg lub peev xwm ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Turkmenistan
Lub tshuab tub rog ntawm Turkmenistan suav nrog cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog ntawm Ministry of Defense, Lub Xeev Txoj Haujlwm Pabcuam Ciam Tebchaws, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws thiab Pabcuam Thawj Tswj Hwm. Ib qho ntxiv, nws suav nrog Kev Pabcuam Hauv Xeev Lub Xeev thiab Kev Pabcuam Xeev rau Kev Sau Npe ntawm Cov Neeg Xam Xaj. Tus thawj coj loj tshaj plaws hauv kev ua tub rog yog tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub tebchaws.
Cov tub rog muaj zog tiag, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov qauv ntawm Ministry of Defense, suav nrog Cov Tub Rog, Tub Rog Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv, Tub Rog, nrog rau kev tsim khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev pabcuam tsim ua haujlwm rau pej xeem kev lag luam (lawv yog coj los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Loj). Tag nrho cov Tub Rog Tub Rog raws li xyoo 2007 tau kwv yees li ntawm 26 txhiab tus tib neeg, thiab suav nrog kev tsim khoom thiab kev pabcuam tsim - txog li 50 txhiab.
Hauv kev ua tub rog-kev tswj hwm, thaj chaw ntawm Turkmenistan tau muab faib ua 5 cheeb tsam tub rog raws li kev tswj hwm kev faib tebchaws hauv lub tebchaws uas muaj tib lub npe-Akhal (nruab nrab-Ashgabat), Balkan (Balkanabat), Dashoguz (Dashoguz), Lebap (Turkmenabad) thiab Mary (Mary).
Raws li Asmeskas CIA, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog siv peev txheej (txiv neej hnub nyoog 15-49) hauv Turkmenistan yog kwv yees li 1.3 lab tus tib neeg, uas kwv yees li 1 lab tus tib neeg haum rau kev ua tub rog. Kwv yees li 56 txhiab tus txiv neej mus txog hnub nyoog tsim nyog (18 xyoo) txhua xyoo. Lub sijhawm siv cov tub rog sau npe ua haujlwm yog 2 xyoos, tshwj tsis yog Navy, qhov uas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau teev tseg yog 2.5 xyoos. Cov neeg uas muaj kev kawm qib siab ua haujlwm 1, 5 xyoos (ua ntej lub sijhawm no tau teeb tsa rau txhua tus neeg sau se).
Lub koom haum ntawm kev cog lus ua tub rog nyob hauv Turkmenistan tau raug tshem tawm xyoo 2001, tab sis nws tau raug cai raug cai sau cia, ntawm lawv qhov kev thov, tuaj yeem ua tub rog tsis yog los ntawm 18, tab sis los ntawm 17 (pom tseeb, muaj ntau yam xws li "tuaj pab dawb" nyob rau hauv tag nrho Turkmenistan, txawm hais tias muaj ntau tus thiab cov neeg khiav tawm, rau qhov nws tau rov qab los rau cov tub rog nyob rau hnub "Turkmenbashi" tau tshaj tawm txoj kev zam txim). Qib siab ntawm cov hnub nyoog sau tseg yog 30 (siab dua hauv Azerbaijan nkaus xwb).
Raws li cov lus qhia ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, ib chav kawm tau coj mus rau zaub mov ntawm tus kheej txaus ntawm cov tub rog, thiab kev tawm tsam kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm tau raug txo kom tsawg. hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev pabcuam tsim, nws tsis yog ua tiav txhua.
Kev cob qhia cov tub ceev xwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog tau ua nyob rau ntawm Ashgabat Military Institute, thiab cov tub rog chav haujlwm thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv uas yav dhau los muaj nyob ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem tau raug kaw txhawm rau txhawm rau nce cov neeg nrhiav neeg sau npe txhua xyoo. Ib qho ntxiv, qee tus tub ceev xwm tau kawm hauv cov tsev kawm tub rog ntawm Turkey, Ukraine, Russia thiab Pakistan. Tebchaws Meskas tseem muab qee qhov kev txhawb nqa hauv qhov no.
Txoj cai tswjfwm cov neeg ua haujlwm ywj pheej ntawm txoj cai tswjfwm, tsom rau hloov chaw ua haujlwm, suav nrog.hauv pab tub rog, cov neeg uas muaj "haiv neeg Turkmen dawb huv" hauv fjtex tiam tau coj mus rau "kev tsis muaj npe" cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim nyog tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm cov neeg uas tsis muaj kev hwm, tab sis haiv neeg "npe" thiab koom nrog ib lossis lwm tus neeg ncaj ncees xeem
Turkmenistan yuav riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog los ntawm Bulgaria, Czech koom pheej, Slovakia, Romania, Belarus thiab Ukraine (qhov no cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev sib piv nrog Soviet "legacy"). Hauv Georgia, ntawm Tbilisi lub dav hlau cog, Turkmen Su-25 nres dav hlau tau kho.
Cov tub rog hauv av
Tus naj npawb ntawm SVs raws li xyoo 2007 tau kwv yees nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm 21-25 txhiab tus tib neeg. Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv kev hloov kho tab tom tab tom muaj kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev coj ua qub tub rog Soviet kev faib ua pawg mus rau ib pawg tub rog, thiab cov tub rog hauv av ib puag ncig muaj cov qauv sib faib sib faib-pawg tub rog. Feem ntau ntawm cov qauv raug txiav, lawv tau ua haujlwm zoo tsuas yog thaum mobilized.
Txhua MSD suav nrog lub tank, 3 rab phom loj, rab phom loj thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau, pab txhawb kev sib ntaus thiab pab pawg, thiab pab tub rog muaj cov tub rog sib xws thiab sib faib.
Lub zog hauv av suav nrog:
-2 kev cob qhia MSD muaj npe tom qab Alp-Arslan (yav dhau los Soviet 61 kev kawm MSD; Tejen);
3rd Army Motorized Rifle Division hu ua tom qab Bayram Khan - tau txiav txim siab tias yog cov neeg tseem ceeb tsim thiab tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub xeev ze rau qhov kev xa tawm (yav dhau los Soviet 84th Motorized Motorized Rifle Division; Ashgabat);
- 11th (raws li lwm qhov chaw, 357th) MRD muaj npe tom qab Sultan Sanjar (yav dhau los Soviet 88th MRD; Kushka, raug cai Serhetabad);
- 22nd Motorized Rifle Division npe tom qab Atamurat Niyazov (yav dhau los Soviet 58th Motorized Motorized Rifle Division; Kizyl -Arvat - raug cai Serdar);
- 4th MSB muaj npe tom qab Togrul-Beg;
- 5th MSB muaj npe tom qab Chagra-bega;
- 6th MSB muaj npe tom qab Gerogly-bega;
- 152nd Tub Ceev Xwm Ua Phem Tsov Rog (Mary);
-? -th foob pob hluav taws -tej zaum yuav raug tshem tawm (kev ua haujlwm -txheej txheem foob pob hluav taws 9K72);
-? -th pab tub rog loj (152-mm howitzers 2A65 "Meta-B"; Ashgabat);
-? th foob pob ua ntxaij foob pob hluav taws (220-mm 16-barreled MLRS 9P140 "Uragan"; Ashgabat);
- 2 lub dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua hauv av
-th th engineer-sapper regiment (Ashgabat);
-? - 1st tub rog tshwj xeeb hauv pab tub rog (Ashgabat);
- thaj chaw kawm tub rog nruab nrab (Kelat).
Hauv kev pabcuam nrog rau hauv av muaj (raws li xyoo 2007):
lub tank loj T -72 - 702 (raws li lwm qhov chaw 808);
BMP-1 thiab BMP-2-855-930 (kwv yees sib npaug);
BRM -1K - 12;
BTR-60, BTR-70 thiab BTR-80-829;
BRDM -2 -170;
PU ntawm 9K72-27 lub foob pob ua haujlwm (raws li qee qhov chaw, 12 lub foob pob xa rov qab mus rau Russia xyoo 2002-03);
152-mm self-propelled howitzers 2G3 "Akatsiya"-16;
122-mm self-propelled howitzers 2S1 "Carnation"-40;
120-mm ua ke cov phom tua tus kheej (phom cuaj caum) 2S9 "Nona-S"-17;
152 hli D -1 howitzers - 76;
152-mm howitzers 2A65 "Msta-B"-72;
152-mm howitzer cannon D-20-20-72;
122 hli howitzers D -ZO -180;
220-mm 16-barreled MLRS 9P140 "Cua daj cua dub"-54;
122-mm 40-barreled MLRS BM-21 "Grad"-56;
122-mm 36-barrel MLRS 9P138 "Grad-1"-9;
120-mm mortars PM-38, M-120 thiab (lossis) 2B11 (complex 2S12 "Sani")-66;
82-mm mortars BM-37 thiab (lossis) 2B14-1 "Tais"-31;
100-mm phom tiv thaiv tank T-12 thiab (lossis) MT-12 "Rapier"-72;
PU tiv thaiv lub tank foob pob hluav taws ntawm ntau hom - yam tsawg 100;
73-mm ntsia tiv thaiv lub foob pob foob pob foob pob SPG-9 "hmuv"-?;
40-hli tes tuav tuav tiv thaiv lub foob pob foob pob RPG-7-400;
23-hli plaub npaug ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"-48;
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 57-mm S-60-22;
Launchers rau tus kheej-propelled luv-ntau huab cua tiv thaiv missile systems "Osa"-40;
PU tiv thaiv tus kheej tiv thaiv huab cua tiv thaiv huab cua luv luv "Strela-10"-13;
MANPADS "Strela -2" - 300.
Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm riam phom thiab cuab yeej siv tub rog tsis tau npaj ua rog
Air Force thiab Air Defense Forces
Tus naj npawb ntawm Tub Rog Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Cua raws li xyoo 2007 yog kwv yees li ntawm 4, 3 txhiab tus tib neeg. Hauv lawv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib haum hauv xyoo 2007-08, muaj:
-99th Air Base (67th Mixed Aviation Regiment; Mary-2): MiG-29 fighters, Su-17MZ fighter-bombers, tejzaum Su-25 nres dav hlau;
- 55th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Nebit -Dag, raug cai - Balakanabad) - tej zaum yuav raug tshem tawm: MiG -23M cov neeg tua rog tsis tau npaj txhij;
-107th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Aktepe, ze Ashgabat): MiG-23M fighter-interceptors, MiG-25PD fighter-interceptors, Su-25 nres dav hlau-ob hom kawg, feem ntau yuav tsis npaj;
-47th sib cais pab pawg dav hlau sib xyaw (Aktepe): lub dav hlau thauj tub rog lub dav hlau An-24 thiab An-26, sib ntaus sib tua helicopters Mi-24, thauj nruab nrab thiab sib ntaus sib tua helicopters Mi-8;
-31st sib cais pawg sib ntaus sib tua hauv dav hlau (Chardzhou-raug cai Turkmenabat)-muaj nyob hauv lo lus nug: MiG-21 cov neeg tua rog, Su-7B tus neeg tua foob pob, Yak-, 28P tus neeg tua hluav taws-cuam tshuam, JI-39 "Albatros" kev qhia dav hlau, thauj tub rog nruab nrab Ib-12-feem ntau yuav, txhua yam tsis tau npaj txhij;
-56th cov khoom siv dav hlau khaws cia hauv paus (Kizyl-Arvat): MiG-23 fighters thiab Su-17 fighter-bombers;
-chaw cob qhia: cov neeg tua foob pob Su-7B thiab kev qhia dav hlau L-39 "Albatross", - Thawj pab tiv thaiv dav hlau foob pob hluav taws muaj npe tom qab Turkmenbashi (lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm thiab cov xov tooj cua sib cais tshwj xeeb - Bikrava nyob ze Ashgabat, tiv thaiv dav hlau foob pob hluav taws nyob hauv thaj tsam Murgaba / 13th zrp, Kurtli thiab Turkmenbashi - yav dhau los Krasnovodsk): Lub dav hlau tiv thaiv huab cua loj (S-200), nruab nrab (C-75) thiab luv (C-125);
-? -th tiv thaiv dav hlau foob pob hluav taws -tej zaum (muaj peev xwm ua tub rog nrog rau pab tub rog nws tus kheej ua haujlwm nruab nrab -tiv thaiv huab cua system "Krug");
Cov xov tooj cua thev naus laus zis thib ob (2960 tus neeg, 129 RSL ntawm ntau hom, tawg nyob thoob plaws lub tebchaws).
Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Cov Tub Rog muaj cov tsheb:
MiG -29 cov neeg tua rog - 22;
sib ntaus sib tua kev cob qhia dav hlau MiG -29UB - 2;
fighter-interceptors MiG-23M-230 (suav nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau MiG-23UB);
cov neeg tua hluav taws MiG -21 - 3;
cov neeg tua hluav taws MiG -25PD - 24;
• * fighter-interceptors Yak-28P ^?;
Su-17M foob pob-foob pob- ^ 65 (suav nrog Su-17UM kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau);
fighter-bombers Su-7B-3;
nres dav hlau Su-25-46 (suav nrog kev qhia ntaus rog Su-25UB); '
tus kws qhia dav hlau JI -39 "Albatross" - 2;
nruab nrab tub rog thauj dav hlau An -12 -?; N
lub teeb thauj tub rog thauj dav hlau An -24 - 1;
lub teeb thauj tub rog thauj dav hlau An -26 - 10;
lub teeb thauj tub rog lub dav hlau An -2 - 10; «V • sib ntaus sib tua helicopters Mi-24 -G-10;
thauj nruab nrab-kev sib ntaus thiab tsaws-thauj cov nyoob hoom qav taub Mi-8-20.
Hauv ib qib, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, zoo tshaj plaws, muaj npe 24 MiG-29 / 29UB (lawv tau raug kho nyob rau hauv Ukraine ntawm Lviv Lub Tsev Kho Tsheb Kho Mob), txog 50 MiG-23M, 65 Su-17M / UM, 3 Su-7B, tus lej tshwj xeeb Su-25, 2 L-39, 1 An-26, 10 Mi-24 thiab 8 Mi-8. Tag nrho cov tshuab tau khaws cia, tsis muaj kev cia siab siv. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tsav dav hlau muaj peev xwm ua tiav kev ua tub rog lub luag haujlwm yog kwv yees li ntawm 10-15 tus neeg.
Nrog kev pab los ntawm Ukraine, cov peev txheej ntawm kev qhia huab cua-rau-huab cua cuaj luaj rau cov dav hlau dav hlau tau txuas ntxiv.
Tus naj npawb loj (S-200), nruab nrab (S-75) thiab luv (S-125) lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv huab cua tau kwv yees kwv yees li ntawm 100 units, ntawm uas txog 30 tau suav tias yog kev sib ntaus sib tua-npaj txhij "Kolchuga "muab los ntawm Ukraine.
Air Force Reserve - civil aviation ntawm Turkmenistan. Lub dav hlau thoob tebchaws "Turkmenistan Airlines" (Turkmenistan Airlines), xa hauv xyoo 2006, muaj 30 lub dav hlau: 4 tus neeg caij npav An-24RV, 7-Boeing-717-200, 3-Boeing-737-300, 4-Boeing-757-200, 1-Boeing-767-300EYA, 7-Yak-40 thiab 4 lub dav hlau thauj khoom IL-76TD, uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev thauj mus los thiab tsaws ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tub rog.
Cov tub rog rog
Txawm hais tias niaj hnub Turkmen keeb kwm keeb kwm twb tau poob rau hauv nws qhov kev tshawb fawb rau qhov kev lees paub tias "Turkmen seafarers, ntawm cov uas yog cov neeg tsav nkoj nto moo, tau mus txog ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Venice thiab lwm lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe," cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg no tuaj yeem muab tso ua ke nrog "tshawb pom" ntawm qhov tseeb tias Othello tsis yog Moor nkaus xwb, tab sis yog Turkmen Moor (uas yog Ashgabat "keeb kwm keeb kwm" kuj tau xav txog tsis ntev los no).
Qhov tseeb, kev tiv thaiv kev hla hiav txwv ntawm keeb kwm ntawm haiv neeg Turkmen ntog feem ntau yog rau lawv nrhiav kev nuv ntses thaum ub hauv Caspian, uas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg no siv Taimun nkoj txua ntoo. Hauv xyoo 1930s lig. ib pawg ntawm cov neeg nuv ntses Turkmen, txhawm rau ua pov thawj qhov tsim nyog ntawm Taimuns thiab lawv txoj kev hlub zoo rau phooj ywg Stalin, tau taug kev ntev, ua ntej raws cua daj cua dub Caspian, tom qab ntawd hla Volga thiab Moscow mus rau Kremlin nws tus kheej. Yog li lawv tseem muaj qee qhov kev coj noj coj ua hauv hiav txwv.
Hauv lub sijhawm tom qab ua tsov rog, cov haujlwm hauv qab no muaj ntau pawg tub rog ntawm USSR tau siv rau hauv Turkmenistan:
- 228 pawg tub rog ntawm kev tiv thaiv thaj chaw dej ntawm Caspian Flotilla (saib xyuas lub nkoj pr. 205M, saib xyuas nkoj pr. 14081, lub hauv paus minesweeper pr. 1252 thiab ob lub nkoj cua -cushion - tej zaum ua phem rau tsaws khoom siv tes ua pr. 1205 hauv paus ntsiab lus - chaw nres nkoj ntawm Krasnovodsk);
46 txoj kev faib cais cais ntawm cov nkoj saib xyuas ciam teb thiab cov nkoj ntawm Central Asian ciam teb koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm KGB ntawm USSR (4-5 lub nkoj saib xyuas pr. 1400; hauv paus ntsiab lus - chaw nres nkoj ntawm Krasnovodsk);
- kev tshem tawm ntawm cov nkoj hla ciam dej ntawm Central Asian thaj tsam thaj tsam ntawm KGB ntawm USSR ntawm Amu Darya River (ciam teb nrog Afghanistan, lub hauv paus taw tes yog lub zos Kelif) - tej zaum muaj qhov sib cais zoo sib xws nyob ntawm Dej Atrek (ciam teb nrog Iran);
ib qho kev qhia sib cais ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Caspian Flotilla (Jafara lub zos) Yuav luag txhua lub nkoj uas nyob hauv 228 pawg tub rog thiab cov tub rog tiv thaiv ciam teb tau raug xa mus rau Turkmenistan, thiab qee lub sijhawm (txog xyoo 1999), ob lub nkoj ciam teb tiv thaiv hiav txwv ciam teb nrog Iran tau sib xyaw pab pawg Lavxias-Turkmen. Cov tub ceev xwm Lavxias ntawm yav dhau los Soviet Navy kuj tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov nkoj ntawm Turkmen Navy (lawv thawj tus thawj coj yog Tus Thawj Tub Rog 1st Qib Valerian Repin).
Tam sim no, Turkmen Navy (tsuas yog lub hauv paus tub rog yog chaw nres nkoj Turkmenbashi, yav tas los Krasnovodsk) yog nyob hauv kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm ntawm cov lus txib ntawm lub tebchaws cov tub rog. Kev kwv yees ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov peev txheej sib txawv sib txawv: hauv qee tus - 125 tus neeg, hauv lwm tus - 700 (raws li xyoo 2007), hauv qee tus - txawm tias 2000 thiab txawm tias 3000 (uas yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg heev).
Cov txheej txheem tub rog ntawm Navy yog sawv cev los ntawm 16 lub nkoj saib xyuas: 10 ntawm "Grif" hom (pr. 1400 thiab 1400M, yav dhau los Soviet thiab Ukrainian xa khoom); ib - hom "Point" (PB129 "Mergen" - yav dhau los "Point Jackson", pauv los ntawm US Coast Guard); ib - ntawm "Saigak" hom (project 14081, qub Soviet), plaub - ntawm "Kalkan -M" yam (Ukrainian khoom siv; tej zaum twb muaj ntau ntawm lawv lawm). Muaj yav dhau los Soviet lub hauv paus minesweeper Korund hom (project 1252).
Kwv yees, txhua tus ntawm lawv tau coj los ua ke hauv pawg tub rog ntawm kev tiv thaiv thaj chaw dej. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov nkoj ntawm hom "Grif" tau npaj kom nce mus rau 20 chav los ntawm kev yuav lawv cov khoom txhim kho "Grif-T" ("Condor"), thiab ntawm "Kalkan-M" hom-txog 10 (lwm tus) tau tsim thiab muab los ntawm Ukraine). Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev hloov pauv los ntawm Iran ntawm qee lub nkoj saib xyuas xoom, tab sis cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov no tseem tsis tau paub. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj tseeb uas qee zaum tshwm nyob rau hauv xovxwm hais txog kev xaum Iran tus rhuav tshem los ntawm cov Turkmen yuav tsum raug ntaus nqi rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau ntawm "cov kws sau ntawv" uas tshaj tawm nws.
Kev txiav txim los ntawm cov kev tawm tsam thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg tswj hwm Niyazov, Tub Rog tseem muaj tub rog tub rog - raws li qee qhov chaw, tub rog, raws li lwm tus - pawg tub rog (qhov tseeb, cov no yog cov tub rog tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv, tsis yoog rau kev ua haujlwm hauv av vim tsis muaj cov khoom siv tsaws tsaws).
Ntawm cov kob Ogurchinsky (hauv Turkmen Ogurjaly) hauv Hiav Txwv Turkmenistan, muaj kev soj ntsuam ntug dej hiav txwv thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm Navy.
Kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo ntawm cov tub rog Turkmen "fleet", nrog rau kev ua tub rog ntawm lub tebchaws no, yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Hauv cov tub lag luam Turkmen rau xyoo 2003, raws li Asmeskas CIA, ntxiv rau ob peb yam me me, tsuas muaj 2 lub nkoj loj - lub nkoj thauj khoom thiab cov thauj roj nrog rau tag nrho cov kev txav ntawm 6,873 grt.
Kev tsim khoom thiab kev pabcuam
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev pabcuam ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog ntawm Turkmenistan tau kwv yees tsis pub tsawg dua 20 txhiab tus neeg. Lawv ua haujlwm hauv ntau yam kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm lub tebchaws thiab, ntxiv rau, koom nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub xeev kev tshuaj xyuas tsheb, tua hluav taws, tiv thaiv txhab nyiaj, chaw xa ntawv, xov tooj: xaj hauv tsev kho mob, thiab lwm yam.
Lwm yam kev ua tub rog (tub rog tub rog) thiab kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb
Ministry of Internal Affairs - tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kwv yees ntawm 27 txhiab tus neeg (suav nrog cov tub rog sab hauv).
h Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws (KNB) (kwv yees tus lej 2, 5-4 txhiab tus tib neeg) yog qhov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb hauv tebchaws. KNB feem ntau ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm tub ceev xwm zais cia kev nom tswv (ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, kev tsim txom hnyav hauv NKVD style tawm tsam kev tawm tsam), thiab tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm npog ntawm kev txiav txim siab cov neeg tseem ceeb kev lag luam txhaum cai (muab riam phom, tshuaj, thiab lwm yam).). Tshwj xeeb, nrog kev koom tes ncaj qha ntawm KNB, caj npab thiab mos txwv tau muab rau Afghan Taliban thiab kev sib cuag ncaj qha tau tsim nrog lawv cov thawj coj. Riam phom, suav nrog xa tawm los ntawm Ukraine, Romania, Moldova, nrog kev sib kho ntawm KNB thiab kev koom tes ntawm cov tuam txhab ntiag tug li "ru tsev", tau muab rau South Yemen.
Qhov kev koom tes tiag ntawm KNB rau nws tshaj tawm kev tawm tsam kev lag luam luam yeeb yog pov thawj los ntawm, piv txwv li, qhov tseeb ntawm kev tua los ntawm pawg tub rog tub rog ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev pabcuam ciam teb Turkmen Vitaly Usachev, uas tau sim cuam tshuam nrog kev lag luam luam yeeb los ntawm lub tshav dav hlau Ashgabat. Cov neeg pluag loj tau ua ob qhov yuam kev loj tshaj hauv nws lub neej: ua ntej, nws tseem ua haujlwm "Turkmenistan ywj pheej", thiab qhov thib ob, nws tau sim ua haujlwm rau lub xeev no ncaj ncees …
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias KNB nws tus kheej tau raug kev tsim txom ntau dua ob qho tib si thaum lub sijhawm "Turkmenbashi" lub neej thiab tom qab nws tuag - cov thawj coj ntawm Turkmenistan hauv lawv tus kheej cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb pom qhov txaus ntshai rau lawv tus kheej (pom tseeb, tsis yog tsis muaj laj thawj).
Lub Xeev Kev Pab Cuam Ciam Tebchaws muaj txog 12 txhiab tus neeg ua haujlwm. Cov tub rog ciam teb suav nrog 8 pawg sib cais, suav nrog Bekdash, Kushkinsky, Kerkinsky thiab Koytendagsky. Kev tiv thaiv ciam teb hla hiav txwv raws li kev coj ua thawj coj ntawm Xeev Lub Chaw Pab Cuam yog ua los ntawm lub teb chaws cov tub rog (saib saum toj no). Ib qho ntxiv, ntawm Amu Darya River (Kelif lub hauv paus taw tes), rau lub nkoj me me ciam teb ntawm hom "Aist" (phiaj xwm 1398, qub Soviet).
Kev pabcuam kev nyab xeeb ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Turkmenistan tus lej, raws li kev kwv yees ntau yam, los ntawm 1 txog 2 txhiab tus neeg.
