Thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub hauv paus ntawm caj npab me rau cov tub rog ntawm txhua lub tebchaws uas koom nrog yog cov phom phom xov xwm txheeb ze rau cov qauv qub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshawb nrhiav tau ua rau kev tsim qauv tshiab ntawm riam phom thiab kev tawm tswv yim rau lawv siv, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce kev tawm tsam kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tub rog. Yav tom ntej, qhov no coj mus rau kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tub rog siv riam phom ntawm cov tebchaws tseem ceeb - nrog rau txo lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov phom thiab nce qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lwm yam riam phom.
Soviet kev
Qhov kawg ntawm peb caug, qhov tseem ceeb riam phom ntawm Red Army yog Mosin phom ntev. 1891/30 thiab kev koom ua ke carbine mod. 1938 Xws li riam phom, txawm hais tias kev hloov kho tshiab tsis ntev los no, muaj ntau qhov tsis txaus, thiab nws tau thov kom hloov nws yav tom ntej. Txog qhov kawg no, thoob plaws kaum xyoo, kev ua haujlwm tau tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov qauv tshiab.
Xyoo 1936, rab phom tsis siv neeg S. G. Simonov AVS-36. Nws tau pom qhov zoo dua qub "Trilinear" qub, tab sis nyuaj dhau thiab kim, thiab tseem tsis ntseeg tau txaus. Cov riam phom zoo li no tseem nyob tau ntau xyoo, thiab lub sijhawm no tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 60-65 txhiab rab phom. Pom tseeb, qhov no tsis txaus rau kev npaj ua tiav ntawm cov tub rog.
Xyoo 1938, qhov kev ua tiav ntawm tus kheej phom phom ntawm F. V. Tokareva SVT-38. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov yooj yim dua thiab ntseeg tau, ua tsaug uas nws tau tsim kom txog thaum xyoo 1945. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau txais ntau dua 1.6 lab SVT-38s thiab tau nquag siv ua riam phom rau tub rog, snipers, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom Tokarev tau nyuab dua thiab kim dua li rab phom Mosin, uas tsis tau tso cai rov ua kom tiav.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj kev txhim kho cov phom submachine. Xyoo 1941, PPSh-41 tshiab tau tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau ntxiv nrog PPS-42/43 khoom. Cov qauv no suav nrog kev ua hluav taws kub siab thiab ua kom yooj yim ntawm kev tsim khoom, uas ua rau muaj kev paub zoo. Thaum lub xyoo ua rog, kwv yees li. 6 lab PCA thiab kwv yees li 500 txhiab PPP. Kev tso tawm ntau yam ntawm cov riam phom no ua rau nws tuaj yeem rov txhim kho cov tub rog Liab feem ntau, nce lub zog tua hluav taws ntawm cov tub rog.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias PPSh loj heev thiab PPS tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm ua ntej tsov rog "Peb Kab". Ntxiv mus, thaum ua tsov rog, nws tau hloov kho tshiab - xyoo 1944 tau hloov kho tshiab ntawm carbine. Phom phom ntau lawm mod. 1891/30 tua tsuas yog xyoo 1945, thiab carbines tau tsim kom txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo caum.
Cov tub rog Soviet thaum kawg tso phom Mosin nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm cov riam phom tshiab, uas suav nrog Simonov carbine thiab rab phom Kalashnikov. Tom qab ntawd cov qauv no tau muab los ntawm cov phom submachine ntawm kev ua tsov rog.
British rearmament
Xyoo 1895, Great Britain tau ua tiav kev tsim cov phom phom tshiab Lee-Enfield, thiab hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej no, riam phom no tau hloov pauv ntau yam. Tom qab muaj Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, kev hloov kho tshiab tau tshwm sim - Rifle Rifle Rifle yooj yim, No.4 Mk I thiab Rifle Rifle tsaws tsaws tsag, No.5 Mk I. Nyob rau tag nrho lub sijhawm tsim khoom, kom txog rau thaum tsib caug, ntau dua 17 lab Lee- Cov phom Enfield ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho tau tsim …
Ua ntej tsov rog, pab tub rog Askiv tsis muaj kev txaus siab tiag tiag rau kev nqa phom rau nws tus kheej, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom submachine pib tsuas yog xyoo 1940. The Lanchester, the copy of the German MP-28, become the first example of this kind. Kwv yees 100 txhiab ntawm cov khoom zoo li no. Xyoo 1941, STEN nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog kev tsim qauv yooj yim heev. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, ua ntej qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, lawv tswj kom tso tawm kwv yees. 4 lab submachine phom.
Kev tsim cov phom loj ntawm ntau qhov kev hloov kho ua rau nws muaj peev xwm rov nruab tau ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Lee-Enfield cov phom tseem tseem ceeb thiab txuas ntxiv mus rau kev siv ntau. Kev hloov pauv mus rau niaj hnub siv phom loj L1A1 pib tsuas yog xyoo 1957.
Asmeskas kev txhim kho
Txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XX. Cov riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm Asmeskas Tub Rog yog rab phom Springfield M1903. Txawm hais tias pom cov qauv tshiab thiab zoo dua, nws tseem nyob hauv koob kom txog thaum xyoo 1949. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, ntau dua 3 lab rab phom tau tsim, thiab thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, kev tsim khoom tau nce ntau.
Rov qab los nyob rau xyoo nees nkaum, cov tub rog Asmeskas tau txaus siab rau kev thauj tus kheej thiab tshuab tsis siv neeg. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib tw, M1 Garand tus kheej nqa phom tau txais yuav xyoo 1936. Thaum pib ua tsov rog, rab phom no tuaj yeem nias lub qub M1903, txawm hais tias tseem tsis tau tham txog kev hloov pauv kom tiav. Yuav luag txog thaum kawg Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, M1 thiab M1903 tau siv ua ke, tab sis tus lej ntawm Garands tau nce zuj zus thiab thaum lub sijhawm ua rog sib npaug tus naj npawb ntawm Springfield thiab tom qab ntawd dhau nws.
Xyoo 1938, Tub Rog Meskas tau nkag mus rau J. Thompson rab phom submachine, uas tom qab ntawd tau tsim los. Txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, lawv tswj tau tsim ntau dua 1.2 lab ntawm cov khoom no hauv ntau qhov kev hloov kho. Tom qab ntawd yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua M3 tshwm sim, tsim tawm hauv ntau dua 600 txhiab daim.
Txij li xyoo 1941, M1 Carbine thiab nws cov kev hloov kho tau tsim, tsim los hloov phom nyob hauv qee lub luag haujlwm. Cov riam phom no tau dhau los ua qhov ua tiav, yooj yim thiab pheej yig. Txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, ntau dua 6, 2 lab units tau xa mus rau cov tub rog.
Thaum ntxov plaub caug xyoo, rab phom Springfield M1903 tau plam nws txoj cai los ua lub tseem ceeb thiab muaj phom loj tshaj plaws rau tub rog. Yav tom ntej, ntau qhov piv txwv tau tawm tsam rau lub npe no ib zaug, tsim tawm hauv cov ntawv loj. Nws yog qhov xav paub tias Springfield, tsis zoo li qee qhov kev hloov pauv, tseem tab tom ua haujlwm nrog Tebchaws Meskas - txawm hais tias nws tau siv rau hauv qhov txwv tsis pub dhau.
German txoj kev
Txij li thaum kawg ntawm XIX caug xyoo. cov tub rog German tau siv rab phom Gewehr 98 thiab nws qhov kev hloov pauv ntau yam. Lwm qhov kev hloov kho tshiab tau ua tiav nyob rau nruab nrab peb caug xyoo, ua rau lub Karabiner 98 Kurz (Kar 98k) carbine. Thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lawv tau tswj hwm los tsim cov khoom lag luam coob thiab ua rau lawv muaj riam phom loj tshaj plaws. Kev tsim cov carbines txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1945; tau ua approx. 14.6 lab units
Hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, tus qauv qub ntawm pawg tub rog tau siv. Nws lub hauv paus yog rab phom tshuab, thiab lwm tus tub rog yuav tsum tiv thaiv lub tshuab rab phom thiab xyuas kom nws ua haujlwm tau zoo. Hauv lub luag haujlwm zoo li no, cov neeg tua phom tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv xov xwm carbine thiab, raws li nws tau ntseeg, tsis xav tau lwm yam riam phom.
Txawm li cas los xij, twb tau muaj xyoo 1941, tau siv rab phom Gewehr 41 tus kheej, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem nce tus nqi hluav taws thiab hluav taws. Tsis muaj ntau dua 145 txhiab ntawm cov phom no tau tsim, tom qab uas tau ua tiav ntau dua Gewehr 43, ua nrog kev qiv ntawm Soviet lub tswv yim, tau mus rau hauv koob. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov riam phom zoo tshaj 400 txhiab daim.
Ntau hom phom submachine tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov koob loj. Cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws thiab nto moo tshaj plaws yog MP-38/40, tsim tawm tsawg kawg 1.1 lab units. Txawm li cas los xij, xws li riam phom ntev tsis tau txiav txim siab hloov pauv rau Kar 98k. Nws tau siv los ua kev tiv thaiv tus kheej rau cov tub ceev xwm, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsheb tub rog, thiab lwm yam.
Xyoo 1942, Cov tub rog German tau txais ob peb MKb 42 (H) carbines, thiab xyoo 1943, cov khoom siv tau zoo tshaj MP 43/44 tau pib, tom qab ntawd dhau los ua StG 44. Cov riam phom no, tsis zoo li cov phom me me, tau suav tias yog hloov pauv rau cov ntawv xov xwm carbines. thiab cov phom loj rau tus kheej.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm German cov tub rog lub cev ua haujlwm yog muaj ntau qhov qauv, feem ntau ua haujlwm zoo ib yam. Qhov no tsis tau tso cai tsom mus rau kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb - thiab tsis tso cai kuaj tshiab kom mus txog lab lab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tsis muaj ib qho kev txhim kho tom ntej hais txog cov lej raug ntes nrog Kar 98k carbines.
Tom qab kev ua tsov rog, ntau lub carbines tau siv los ntawm ob lub tebchaws Yelemes, thiab tseem tau hloov pauv mus rau lwm lub tebchaws. Lawv tau siv txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum 50-60s. thiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev pabcuam tsuas yog txuas nrog kev tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv tshiab, Soviet thiab NATO qauv.
Zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv
Txhua tus neeg koom nrog tseem ceeb hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II tau pib ua tsov rog nrog cov phom loj thiab cov phom loj hauv phau ntawv xov xwm qub. Raws li kev ua tsov rog txuas ntxiv mus, tus naj npawb thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov riam phom no tau poob qis vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv tshiab - tab sis nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tawg tag. Tib lub sijhawm, ntau qhov kev xav paub tuaj yeem sau tseg tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev mus los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws.
Qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv qhov kev hwm no yog USSR thiab Asmeskas. Txawm nyob ntawm qhov tig ntawm 20-30s. cov tebchaws no tau pib nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho riam phom me me ntxiv thiab ua tiav hauv kev ua li ntawd. Los ntawm kev pib ua tsov rog, ob lub tebchaws muaj cov cuab yeej siv tub rog tsis siv neeg ntawm ntau chav kawm thiab hom. Tom qab ntawd, kev tsim khoom ntawm tus kheej thauj khoom thiab lub tshuab tsis siv neeg txuas ntxiv, muaj qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub zog tua hluav taws thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov tub rog. Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab USSR tau xaus kev ua tsov rog nrog cov riam phom tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv ntawm rab phom submachine thiab cov phom loj / cov phom loj.
Cov tub rog German tau siv sijhawm ntev rau rab phom tshuab thiab muab lwm yam riam phom ua lub luag haujlwm thib ob. Txawm li cas los xij, twb yog xyoo 1940-41. lawv hloov lawv lub siab thiab pib tsim cov qauv tshiab. Rau tus lej ntawm cov laj thawj, qhov txiaj ntsig tiag ntawm cov haujlwm no tau txais tsuas yog xyoo 1943-44, thiab qhov no tsis tso cai rau lawv siv lawv lub peev xwm tag nrho. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Kar 98k carbines tseem khaws qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv pab tub rog.
Tsawg kawg, txoj haujlwm Askiv zoo li tsis meej pem. Txog rau xyoo 1940, cov tub rog Askiv tsuas yog siv phom thiab rab phom tshuab, yuav luag tsis mob siab rau tus kheej thauj khoom thiab ua qauv tsis siv neeg. Peb yuav tsum ua kom ploj lub sijhawm twb tau ua tsov rog thiab nyob rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov peev txheej tsis txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua qhov teeb meem tau ua tiav nrog, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm STEN cov khoom lag luam.
Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tau qhia pom sai sai tias phau ntawv nqa cov phom phom phom tuaj yeem tsis yog riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog niaj hnub no. Yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem ntau ntxiv xws li rab phom submachine kom ntseeg tau tias muaj peev xwm sib ntaus txaus. Nws yog qhov yooj yim pom tias cov tebchaws uas yog thawj tus nkag siab qhov no thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum tsim lawv cov riam phom, thaum kawg los ua tus yeej.
