Hauv thawj lub sijhawm ntawm nws cov haujlwm, tsoomfwv Soviet tau muab qhov tseem ceeb rau txoj kev kawm ntawm cov neeg tiam tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom ua si uas yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej kawm ntawv. Tau kawg, lub peev xwm thev naus laus zis feem ntau tsis muaj txaus nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tab sis txij li xyoo 1930 txawm tias cov ntawv xov xwm "Soviet Toy" tau pib tshaj tawm. Ib txwm, menyuam roj hmab thiab tub rog ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob tau tsim tawm txij li nees nkaum xyoo.
Ob peb tus tub rog hlau ntawm 30s tau nqis los rau peb: lawv yog cov neeg caij nees hauv Budenovkas, uas tuaj yeem suav nrog ob tus tub rog ntawm 30s thiab cov tub rog ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, nrog rau cov duab ntawm Cossacks: nrog lossis tsis muaj chij. Txhua yam ntawm cov duab no nyob hauv 40s, tab sis lawv cov khoom lag luam yuav luag tsis paub, tshwj tsis yog Lub Tsev Ua Yeeb Yam Zoo Nkauj ntawm Chaw Ua Si ntawm Kab lis kev cai thiab Chaw So. Gorky.
Raws li peb tau sau hauv kab lus ntawm "VO" txog Lavxias tus phab ej, cov duab no tau ua los ntawm Nuremberg tej yam me me, tau kawg, hauv daim ntawv, tab sis tsis yog hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev tsim khoom loj tsis ua rau nws ua haujlwm tau cov ntsiab lus, raws li xav tau los ntawm "Nuremberg".
Kev tsim khoom loj pib hauv 50s ntawm xyoo pua nees nkaum.
Red Army yog tus muaj zog tshaj txhua yam
Cov khoom lag luam hlau (ZMI-1) tsim cov hlau horsemen: Cossacks thiab liab cavalrymen, uas tom qab ntawd, hauv 60s thiab 80s, yuav ua los ntawm yas. Tom qab ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov nroj tsuag no yuav tsim lub koom haum "Kev Txhim Kho".
Nov yog cov tub rog cov khoom ua si rau menyuam yaus, cov no kuj tau tsim ua cov roj hmab grey hauv lub budenovka thiab lub kaus mom:
Ib ntawm thawj qhov kev koom ua ke ntawm Kev Txhim Kho, nrog rau Lavxias Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog teeb tsa, yog Chapaevtsy yas teeb liab. Nws tus nqi yog 80 kopecks, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb yog yim. Cov no yog cov khoom ua si ua los ntawm cov lej ntawm cov tub rog hlau ntawm 50s ZMI-1. Yog li ntawd, cov duab tau smeared, yog tias lub kaus mom nyob ntawm no thiab nyob ntawd, tom qab ntawd lub budenovka zoo li lub kaus mom.
Xyoo 1969, nws tau txiav txim siab los pib tsim cov duab tib yam ntawm Odessa cov hlau haberdashery Hoobkas, lawv tau muag ob qho tib si ua ib pawg thiab cais rau 12 kopecks. hauv khw muag khoom "Soyuzpechat", piv txwv li, kuv yuav kuv li ntawd.
Thaum xub thawj, lawv tau tsim tsuas yog xim liab, thiab tom qab ntawd lwm yam xim, uas ua rau nws siv tau hauv qhov kev ua si tsis yog "liab" - liab, tab sis kuj yog lawv cov neeg sib tw - xiav lossis ntsuab.
Tom qab ntawd, tib txheej "Chapaevtsev" tau pib tsim ua xim liab ntawm Moscow Toy Factory "Krugozor". Raws li peb tau sau hauv tsab xov xwm dhau los, hauv USSR, cov tub rog tau tsim ua loj heev, ntau lab luam.
Lwm qhov nrov tshaj plaws teeb tsa "Chapaevtsy" tau tsim nyob rau ntawm "Kev Txhim Kho" tsob ntoo liab thiab rov ua dua hauv Odessa ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hlau hauv cov xim sib txawv.
Cov teeb no suav nrog lub laub nrog "Anka the Machine Gunner".
Tus sau ntawm cov teeb no yog tus kws kos duab nto moo Zoya Vasilievna Ryleeva (1919-2013), tus tsim cov duab puab ntawm VDNKh thiab cov duab rau cov tub rog Soviet hauv tebchaws Russia thiab txawv teb chaws.
Lub laub los ntawm cov teeb no kuj tau muag nyias.
Thiab ntawm no yog lwm qhov txheej txheem nrov heev, uas txhua tus tub tej zaum muaj, "Budenny's Cavalry" lossis "Budennovtsy", cov neeg caij nees liab, ntawm lawv muaj tus qauv nqa. Ua hauv Odessa.
Tab sis hauv Kharkov, lawv tau tsim cov tub rog zoo sib xws, tab sis nyob hauv qhov sib txawv thiab los ntawm qhov tsis yooj yim, yas yas. Lawv cov coasters feem ntau tsoo.
Tsis tas li nyob rau tib qhov chaw, ntawm lub Hoobkas tsim cov khoom yas, MMP ntawm Ukrainian SSR tau tsim lub laub nrog peb, tsis yog ob tug nees.
Cov no yog cov tsheb tsim hauv USSR:
Lawv sib txawv hauv qhov qub, yog li tham, hais txog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj, cov duab ntawm cov tub rog liab, tsim ntawm cov nroj tsuag npe tom qab. 50th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm USSR hauv nroog Kotovsk, Tambov cheeb tsam.
Cia peb rov hais dua tias nws yog qhov tsis txaus qhia thiab cov teeb meem me me hauv kev sib piv nrog kev tsim khoom hauv Moscow thiab Odessa uas ua rau lawv nrov heev ntawm cov neeg sau khoom.
Thaum peb sau txog "Lavxias tus phab ej", peb tau sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev lees paub qhov pom ntawm daim duab nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov tub rog tau txawv los ntawm qee qhov txawv txav, qee zaum hais lus tsis zoo. Cov duab muab lub tswv yim tias lawv txhua tus sib tw ntawm qhov vwm vwm. Tag nrho cov duab yog ntawm tus phab ej thiab tus yam ntxwv zoo, thiab cov duab ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb zoo li cov duab ntawm cov phab ej, txawm tias tachanka tau piav qhia zoo li hauv daim duab ntawm tus kws ua yeeb yam nto moo M. Gerasimov: nws maj nrawm heev thiab yog siv los ntawm cov nees zoo kawg. Txawm hais tias lub laub tau tsuas yog lub tsheb xa khoom, qhov no yog los ntawm txoj kev.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb dua uas nrog kev sib tham dav dav ntawm kev muaj tiag, ntxiv mus, nws yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev hu ua. kev coj noj coj ua tiag tiag, los ntawm kev kos duab pom, cov tub rog tshiab tsis nyob deb ntawm lawv cov neeg sib tw ntawm 50-60s, tej zaum tsuas yog cov ntawv tau piav qhia meej dua. Tab sis ntawm chav kawm, peb tsis tham txog ib qho kev muaj tiag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev sib piv nrog cov tub rog tsim hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab hauv Tebchaws Europe, qhov uas lub siab xav ua qhov tseeb tsis muaj qhov txwv: riam phom thiab kev pom zoo sib xws rau cov tswv yim keeb kwm tam sim no. Yog tias peb tham txog Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, cov tub rog tau ua haujlwm zoo nyob ntawm no.
Tau kawg, muaj cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo, muaj hack-cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau tsim tawm txawm tias tsis muaj lub ntsej muag zoo rau cov tub rog ntawm Great Patriotic War, tab sis feem ntau, tsis muaj leej twg tshwj xeeb xav paub txog qhov tseeb thiab qhov tseeb, cov sijhawm no tau zais tom qab kev nthuav qhia zoo nkauj.
Cov teeb, ua los ntawm tus sau nto moo ntawm Soviet cov tub rog thiab cov khoom ua si, tus kws kos duab B. D. Savelyev, zoo ib yam. (Boris Dmitrievich Savelyev tau tag sim neej xyoo no.)
Hauv 70s, nws tau ua ntau pawg tub rog rau lub Hoobkas Astratsov: cov tub rog nyob rau xyoo 1812, cov tub rog ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab cov neeg caij tsheb los ntawm Budyonny. Qhov tseeb, teeb tsa tau tsim los ntawm 6 tus neeg caij tsheb thiab ib lub tsheb thauj khoom, lawv nyob ntawm lub yas sawv ntsug thiab muaj ntim.
"Horse Army" - los ntawm TsAM (alloy ntawm zinc, txhuas thiab magnesium). Tsis zoo li cov tub rog ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog, nws tsis yooj yim dua.
Peb twb tau sau lawm tias Astratsovo yog lub chaw Lavxias rau kev tsim cov khoom ua si tin, uas tau muaj txog 100 xyoo.
Cov tib neeg caij tsheb, tsim los ntawm tus kws kos duab Savelyev, tau tsim los ntawm cov yas yas ntawm cov khoom ua si LPO hauv Leningrad.
Thaum nws los txog rau Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, cov tub rog-caij nees feem ntau nco qab, txawm hais tias cov tub rog ko taw kuj tseem raug tso tawm, tab sis lawv tau qis dua thawj tus lej thiab muaj koob npe.
Thawj qhov kev teeb tsa hlau tau tsim los ntawm Kev Kawm: nws raug nqi 1 ruble. 30 kopecks thiab suav nrog 10 tus tub rog, raug hu ua "Cov Tub Rog ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam".
Ob lub hlau ntxiv tau tsim tawm ntawm Leningrad carburetor thiab armature cog npe tom qab V. I. Kuibysheva V. V., hauv cov khoom plig muaj xim zoo nkauj: "Cov Neeg Sailors ntawm Lub Kaum Hli" thiab "Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Tawm Tsam". Tus nqi raug nqi 1 rub. 60kop ua Tus sau ntawm cov duab no yog tus kws kos duab L. V. Razumovsky.
Thaum ntxov 90s, cov lus qhia ntawm cov tub rog keeb kwm me me (VIM) pib tsim, qhov twg tsim cov duab puab hlau, suav nrog cov uas tau mob siab rau Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, tau pib ua haujlwm zoo (ntau ntawm lawv sai sai mus txog qhov zoo tshaj). Tau kawg, feem ntau ntawm txhua qhov kev txaus siab tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntsiab lus "dawb", txij li nws tau nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev txwv ntev.
Tab sis cov tub rog, thiab tseem muaj ntau ntxiv txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, tau dhau los tsis cuam tshuam tam sim. Thiab yeej tsis muaj kev siab phem nyob ntawm no. Qhov kev nyiam rau menyuam yaus tsis kam ua cov tub rog khoom ua si tau pib nyob rau sab hnub poob hauv nruab nrab-70s. xyoo, qhov tsis zoo tawm tsam kev ua tsov ua rog tawm tsam cov khoom ua si tsis zoo li ua lub luag haujlwm muaj zog. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog tus phab ej tshiab ntawm xinesmas thiab TV thiab kev ua si, kev tawm mus rau "kev muaj tiag". Cov tub rog cov khoom ua si ib txwm tso menyuam yaus cov kev ua si hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg laus ua si, dhau los ua cov khoom ntawm kev rov tsim kho loj thiab sau ua ke.
Lub tuam txhab Ura, tsim nyob rau xyoo 2004, tau sim thim rov qab cov qauv, tab sis alas, nws cov tub rog tsis dhau los ua cov khoom lag luam loj. Lub tuam txhab no, uas lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsim cov tub rog hlau, tab sis tseem txhim kho kev kawm txuj ci siab, thawj zaug hauv peb lub tebchaws tau tsim ntau tus tub rog nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm Lavxias.
Nov yog thawj lub tuam txhab ua "dawb".
Tsis tas li "Hurray" ua tub rog ntawm cov ncauj lus ntawm kev tawm tsam: Basmachi thiab Cov Tub Rog Liab Tub rog sib ntaus nrog lawv. Hauv cov duab ntawm qee tus, paub cov cim zoo los ntawm Soviet "Sab Hnub Tuaj" raug kwv yees.
Tab sis lub tuam txhab "Engineer Basevich" los ntawm St. Petersburg pib nws cov haujlwm nyob rau xyoo pua XXI. nrog kev tsim ntau txheej ntawm cov yas, thiab qhov no, ib tus tuaj yeem hais, yog qhov kev kov yeej tiag tiag.
Cov tub rog ntawm 54-mm loj tau tso tawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no: teeb # 1 "Red Army", teeb # 1 "Red Army", txuas ntxiv, teeb # 2 "Rau Kev Ntseeg, Tsar thiab Fatherland", teeb # 3 "Counter-Revolution ".
Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov teeb tsa kawg, uas muaj cov xim zoo li Makhno lossis Abdulla los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab "Dawb Hnub ntawm Desert" qhia los ntawm V. Motyl.
Thiab xyoo 2019, lub tuam txhab no tshaj tawm Red Riders. Cov neeg caij tsheb tau ua tiav zoo heev, tej zaum muaj lus nug txog kev kos duab nees, tab sis thawj zaug hauv peb keeb kwm, qhov tseeb dua, keeb kwm ntawm "tsev tub rog", tau tso tawm cov ntse thiab cov duab zoo ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob.
"Tsov rog rog" sab nraum ciam teb ntawm Russia
Thiab puas muaj cov tub rog nyob ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob Hauv Tebchaws Russia hauv lwm lub tebchaws?
Cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ncauj lus no tau tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab Italian nto moo "Atlantic" hauv 70s - thaum ntxov 80s.
Atlantic tau tsim ntau qhov teeb tsa ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv: cov tub rog niaj hnub no, Isdias Asmesliskas thiab nyuj nyoos (cov cim Buffalo Bill teeb tsa), cov khoom zoo rau yav dhau los, lub tuam txhab tsis muaj tsuas yog cov duab ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog. Lawv txawm tso ib tug nees Trojan, txawm hais tias ntawm 1:72 nplai.
Muaj plaub qhov kev tawm tsam thiab "kev tawm tsam" ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum: Hitler, Mussolini, Mao, thiab kev tawm tsam Lavxias.
Ntawm cov duab, Italians tseem ua Lenin thiab Stalin.
Yog lawm, hauv ntiaj teb cov neeg sau khoom, ib txwm yuav muaj kev sib cav txog kev zoo nkauj txog cov duab puab Atlantic. Cov kiv cua ntawm "Elastolin" ib txwm saib rau hauv lub tuam txhab no, tab sis "Atlantic" tau tso nws lub cim ci hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov tub rog.
Lwm lub tuam txhab tseem tab tom tso ob pawg ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv Russia - "Cov tub rog hauv yas", qhov no yog lub tuam txhab los ntawm New York, Asmeskas.
Nws ua, nrog rau "nyiam" Asmeskas teeb tsa hais txog Asmeskas Kev Tawm Tsam, teeb tsa lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog nyob ib puag ncig, suav nrog Tebchaws Meskas, Napoleon kev tsov kev rog, Crimean War thiab txawm tias Tsov Rog-Japanese Tsov Rog.
Thiab tseem muaj ob pawg mob siab rau kev ua tsov rog hauv peb lub tebchaws, nws tsuas yog ua rau cov neeg dawb, txawm li cas los xij, cov tib "dawb" no tshwm sim hauv cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau kev ua tsov rog Lavxias-Nyij Pooj, thiab cov neeg caij nees, kuj tseem nyob hauv Crimean ib.
Ib qhov twg hauv 2012-2013. hauv PRC, kev tsim khoom ntawm Budyonny's Cavalry los ntawm Odessa tau rov qab los, tab sis lawv zoo li txaus ntshai heev. Nws zoo li tias cov teeb no tsis pom nws cov neeg yuav khoom.
Qhov no, txawm li cas los xij, txwv kev tsim cov tub rog hauv lwm lub tebchaws, ntawm cov ncauj lus peb tab tom txiav txim siab.
Kuv ib txwm yws tias hauv USSR tsuas yog "peb li" tau tsim, thiab muaj ob peb tus neeg tawm tsam, ntawm txhua tus tub rog lub ncauj lus, tab sis ntawm no Asmeskas tuam txhab, "Cov tub rog hauv yas", tau tsim 54-mm ntim cov tub rog thiab cov neeg caij nees rau yuav luag kaum tsib xyoo. uas cov neeg tawm tsam tsis muaj nyob … ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm "Engineer Basevich" cov tub rog.
Cov lus tom qab
Tsis ntseeg, kev ua haujlwm ntawm "Engineer Basevich" lub tuam txhab yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tsim cov tub rog rau kev ua tsov rog thiab kev tawm tsam, nws zoo li peb tias cov khoom uas tau tsim hauv USSR yog keeb kwm thiab kev coj noj coj ua tseem ceeb, tsis ntseeg, lawv muaj kev txaus siab zoo li kev sib sau ua ke.
Cia peb tso tseg ib feem ntawm kev kos duab, tab sis nws tsis yooj yim sua kom "sib ntaus" nrog lawv lossis rov tsim kho cov xwm txheej ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.
Thaum nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, lub ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg yog kab tias yog nqe lus thib ib. Muaj ntau lub tuam txhab tsim thiab txuas ntxiv tsim cov tub rog cov khoom ua si rau qhov kev tshwm sim no, ntxiv rau, peb cov tuam txhab Lavxias, uas tau pib nkag mus rau Asmeskas kev ua lag luam, kuj tseem tsim teeb tsa rau Asmeskas Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg. Ntawm no kuv xav ceeb toom tias kev ua tsov rog hauv zej zog yog kev ua rog sib tua nyob rau xyoo pua puas xyoo, cov neeg raug tsim txom, raws li kev kwv yees nrawm, muaj tsawg kawg 900 txhiab tus neeg raug tua thiab raug mob.
Ib tus tuaj yeem sib cav tias peb kev ua tsov rog hauv tebchaws tsis tau dhau mus, nws nyuam qhuav dhau mus rau theem "txias".
Txawm li cas los xij, kev txav ntawm cov neeg sau ntawm cov tub rog, cov neeg sau cov tub rog ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau suav nrog cov neeg koom nrog ntau thiab ntau haiv neeg: lawv tsis faib cov tub rog mus rau "cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb" thiab "cov neeg nyob sab qab teb", tab sis txaus siab rau keeb kwm tub rog, kawm nws, uas ua pov thawj rau kev loj hlob ntawm zej zog.
Tej zaum, peb qhov kev txaus siab tshiab hauv cov tub rog tseem yuav pab txhawb kev tsim cov zej zog thiab kev txav chaw uas qib kawm ntawm kev ua tub rog thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Ob hauv tebchaws Russia yuav nce mus rau qib sib txawv, thiab "ua si ntawm lub rooj" yuav muab sijhawm rau yuav luag tiag tiag koom nrog cov xwm txheej ntawd.
