Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho (ib feem)

Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho (ib feem)
Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho (ib feem)

Video: Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho (ib feem)

Video: Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho (ib feem)
Video: qhov ncauj qhia tau neeg Tus YAM NTXWV thiab TXOJ HMOO 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Noog qhov muag pom ntawm Castelnau Castle. Nws nyuaj rau xav txog qhov chaw zoo nkauj dua, puas yog? Txhua qhov puag ncig muaj toj roob hauv pes ntsuab, tus dej, teb tom qab nws, ib lub zos me me nyob hauv qab cov pobzeb pobzeb liab - nws yog kev hlub heev, tsis hais qhov tseeb tias txhua yam nyob ib puag ncig koj ua pa rau Hnub Nyoog Nruab Nrab.

Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, subconsciously dawb huv, Kuv nyiam lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Carcassonne hauv Fab Kis ntau dua los ntawm sab uas nws nce siab dua lub nroog, los ntawm qhov tiaj tiaj. Zoo, thiab lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Montsegur, txawm tias tsuas yog kev puas tsuaj puas tsuaj los ntawm nws, qhov no yog qhov tseeb "qhov", rau nws nce ntawm lub pob tsuas siab, nrog rau ntau lwm Cathar castles.

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Nov yog qhov uas nws rub hla lub tsev ntawm cov neeg hauv zos yuav luag ib txhiab xyoo dhau los …

Nov yog Castelnau tsev fuabtais-lub fortress nruab nrab hauv Fabkis pawg ntseeg ntawm Castelnau-la-Chapelle hauv Dordogne chav haujlwm (yav tas los hu ua lub xeev Perigord), tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov tsev fuabtais "tiag" no, raws li nws nyob ntawm ib sab toj siab saum ib lub zos me me nyob ntawm nws ko taw. Nws ntseeg tias thawj lub tsev fuabtais tau tsim ntawm no hauv XII caug xyoo, tab sis nws tau raug rhuav tshem los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm Simon de Montfort thaum lub sijhawm Albigensian kev tawm tsam tiv thaiv Cathars. Nws tau paub tias nws tau tsoo lub tsev fuabtais Kostelno xyoo 1214 thiab tawm ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau ntawd. Bernard de Kaznac, tus tswv ntawm cov chaw no, tau rov qab lub tsev fuabtais rau xyoo tom ntej, thiab nws tsis yog Montfort uas tau xaj kom txhua tus tub rog raug dai.

Xyoo 1259, Castelnau tau los nyob hauv txoj cai ntawm Duke of Aquitaine, uas yog Vaj Ntxwv Askiv Henry III. Nws ntsuas nws qhov chaw ua tau zoo heev, thiab pom tseeb, tau xaj kom tsim lub tsev fuabtais tshiab ntawm no, uas cov kws tsim khoom ua thaum lub xyoo pua 13th. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1273, lub tsev fuabtais tseem rov qab los rau nws txoj cai muaj hwj chim kav - Castelnau tsev neeg, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Suav ntawm Perigord, kev ncaj ncees ntawm huab tais ntawm Fabkis. Thiab txhua yam yuav zoo yog tias cov tswv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tsis nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd nrog kev ua phem rau nrog cov neeg ntawm tsev neeg de Beinac, uas nws lub tsev fuabtais yog nyob ntawm kab ncaj qha los ntawm Castelnau.

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Qhov no yog li cas Beinak Castle zoo li niaj hnub no los ntawm ib qho ntawm bastions ntawm Castelnau Castle.

Kev ua yeeb ncuab ntawm ob tsev neeg tau ua rau qhov tseeb tias tag nrho Perigord tau muab faib ua ob tog sib ntaus sib tua. Ob lub tsev fuabtais ceev faj saib xyuas ib leeg, txij li lawv tau nyob ze kom txawm tias lub tsom iav tsis xav tau rau qhov no. Nws tau txais mus rau lub ntsiab lus tias hauv 1317 Pope John XXII nws tus kheej cuam tshuam hauv lawv qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, foom koob hmoov rau kev sib yuav ntawm cov tsev neeg no, vam tias tsawg kawg hauv txoj kev no kom xaus rau kev ua yeeb ncuab no.

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Lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm cov tswv ntawm Castelnau yog "ntaub thaiv npog nrog cov duab ntawm tus pej thuam". Li no, los ntawm txoj kev, lub npe ntawm lub tsev fuabtais.

Tab sis tsis muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb nyob hauv Perigord dua li Pua pua Xyoo Kev Tsov Rog tau tshwm sim xyoo 1337. Ob tsev neeg tau koom nrog nws, thiab nws tsis tau xaus zoo - txhua tus qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tus txiv neej hauv tsev neeg Castelnau tuag. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Manet de Castelnau, tsuas yog tus qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tsev neeg, yuav tsum tau yuav Nompara de Comont xyoo 1368 thiab tam sim no tsev neeg de Comont tau los ua nws tus tswv. Vaj Ntxwv Henry IV ntawm Askiv tau ua Nompara de Comont nws lub seneschal, uas yog, lub tsev fuabtais rov dhau mus rau Askiv.

Tab sis xyoo 1442 lub tsev fuabtais raug kaw los ntawm Fabkis cov tub rog muaj koob muaj npe. Qhov tseeb hais tias cov tub rog tau tso tseg peb lub lis piam ntawm kev tiv thaiv, tom qab uas tus thawj coj Askiv tau muab tus yuam sij rau lub tsev fuabtais rau Fabkis, uas nws tau muab lub neej thiab … 400 ecu. Ntawd yog, nws kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm nws! Zoo, tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Castiglion (1452), Askiv thaum kawg tawm Fabkis, suav nrog Aquitaine nrog Perigord.

Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho … (ib feem)
Castles ntawm Perigord, ib qho dhau ib qho … (ib feem)

Qhov no yog li cas lub tsev fuabtais no zoo li hauv 1442. (Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Medieval Wars ntawm Tsev fuabtais ntawm Castelnau)

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Lub tsev fuabtais thiab kev sib hais haum nyob ib sab. (Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Medieval Wars ntawm Tsev fuabtais ntawm Castelnau)

Me ntsis los ntawm me ntsis, lub tsev fuabtais pib rov tsim kho thiab ntxiv dag zog. Nws cov phab ntsa tau ntxiv dag zog, cov yees tshiab tau tsim thiab ib puag ncig barbican tau ntxiv. Txoj haujlwm, teeb tsa los ntawm Brandel de Comont, tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv los ntawm nws tus tub François, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv Karl. Yog li kev tsim kho ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev fuabtais tsis poob qis thaum lub neej ntawm peb tiam ntawm Komons! Ntxiv mus, ib lub tsev fuabtais zoo li François me ntsis, thiab nws tau txhim tsa lwm qhov nyob ze - Myland hauv Renaissance style.

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Nov yog lub tsev fuabtais no zoo li niaj hnub no. Ntawm sab xis yog ib puag ncig barbican, sab xis ntawm nws yog lub rooj vag thiab txoj kev npaj kom tib neeg taug kev raws nws mus rau lub tsev fuabtais, tig lawv sab xis rau nws.

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Hauv txhua lub tsev fuabtais saib tus kheej thaum ub, nws cov tswv nrhiav npaj zaub zaub kom muaj zaub tshiab ntawm lub rooj thiab tsis yog nyob ntawm cov neeg nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig lub tsev fuabtais - tom qab tag nrho, lawv tuaj yeem raug ntes los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.

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Los ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus, lub tsev fuabtais zoo li loj heev. Tab sis los ntawm lwm tus nws tau pom meej tias qhov tseeb nws yog qhov nqaim heev.

Tam sim no Castelnau thaum kawg poob tag nrho nws cov tub rog tseem ceeb thiab tau dhau los ua ib lub teb chaws qub txeeg qub teg. Thiab, txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1520 tau ntxiv lwm tus pej thuam rau nws, zoo, pom tseeb, nws cov tswv tsuas yog tsis muaj lub tswv yim txaus rau lwm yam. Tab sis ntawm no nplooj ntawv tshiab hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tau qhib los ntawm Geoffroy de Vivant, tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm François de Comont, uas yug hauv Castelnau xyoo 1543 thiab tau los ua phooj ywg ntawm yav tom ntej King Henry IV. "Geoffroy militant" - thiab qhov no yog lub npe menyuam yaus uas nws tau txais rau nws tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev ntshai thoob plaws Perigord. Hauv nws cov poj koob yawm txwv zes rau txhua lub sijhawm ntawm Huguenot kev tsov rog (thiab nws kuj yog Huguenot), tsis muaj leej twg cuam tshuam nws. Txawm li cas los xij, tsev neeg Geoffroy tseem nyiam lub tsev fuabtais nyob ze thiab nyob ntsiag to ntawm Miland thiab lawv tus kheej tsev neeg lub tsev fuabtais de la Fors ze Bergerac, dua li qhov muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo, tab sis tseem yog qhov chaw tsaus ntuj nyob ntawm cov khoom siv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub tsev fuabtais raug tso tseg, thiab xyoo 1832 lawv tau pib siv nws ua chaw txua txiag zeb txhua lub sijhawm, vim cov pob zeb tig tawm ntawm nws phab ntsa tau yooj yim heev kom nqes nqes mus rau tus dej.

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Saib ntawm txoj kev mus rau lub tsev fuabtais los ntawm ib qho ntawm nws bastions.

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Saib ntawm lub tsev fuabtais mus rau lub zos hauv qab no.

Tsuas yog xyoo 1966, lub tsev fuabtais Castelnau tau txais cov xwm txheej keeb kwm monument "Monument Historique" thiab ob zaug, txij xyoo 1974 txog 1980 thiab txij xyoo 1996 txog 1998, tau rov kho dua, thiab thaum kawg tsuas yog xyoo 2012, thaum ntau ntau nws tau rov qab los ntawm khawb.

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Bastion nrog cov qauv ntawm trebuchet thiab cannonballs rau lawv.

Xyoo 1985, lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog nruab nrab tau qhib hauv lub tsev fuabtais, qhov kev nthuav tawm uas nyob hauv thaj chaw nyob ntawm nws cov tswv. Lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj sau 250 yam khoom tseeb los ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th-17th, suav nrog cov cuab yeej ua rog thiab riam phom, nrog rau kev tsim kho riam phom siege.

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Hall ntawm Artillery: Lub xyoo pua 15th foob pob.

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Ribadekin - ntau rab phom loj ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th.

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Vogler - cov phom loj ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th.

Cov chav hauv tsev tau muab faib ua chav tsev phom loj, chav fencing, chav ua qauv thiab chav ua yeeb yaj kiab. Kuj tseem muaj qhov qhib duab tso saib cov qauv loj hauv lub neej ntawm cov trebuchet, cov cuab yeej ua rog, cov khoom siv, chav ua haujlwm tiv thaiv riam phom, chav ua noj nruab nrab nruab nrab, thiab chav sab saud ntawm kev khaws nrog cov khoom vaj khoom tsev rov qab los.

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Medieval cuisine.

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Thiab qhov no yog nws qab nthab - zoo, ntshiab Gothic.

Muaj tsawg tsawg riam phom thiab cuab yeej cuab tam hauv tsev khaws puav pheej tsev fuabtais, tab sis txhua qhov piv txwv yog qhov nthuav heev. Piv txwv li, kev nthuav tawm muaj ntau yam hneev taw, hneev taw, ntaj thiab rab ntaj, suav nrog, piv txwv li, npua teb.

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Lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj nthuav tawm cov khoom sau zoo nkauj ntawm cov phom loj thiab nthuav cov cuab yeej zoo nkauj, suav nrog cov hmuv lub taub hau kev sib tw kaus mom hlau. Tab sis, tej zaum, qhov nthuav nthuav tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev no yog qhov rov tsim dua ntawm L-zoo li tus ntoo ntoo nrog lub hnab. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tau siv los qhia cov tub rog. Thaum tau ntaus nws nrog hmuv, nws yuav tsum dhia hauv qab nws kom sai li sai tau, txwv tsis pub sawv ntsug, tsau rau ntawm txoj kab, tig, ntaus nws tom nraub qaum nrog lub hnab.

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Cuirasses ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th.

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Kuj tseem muaj tus neeg caij nkoj nyob hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab hauv qab nws txawm tias ib tug nees npog nrog ntaub plaub.

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Yog hais tias sab nraum ntawm lub bastion muaj qhov loj me me trebuchets, tom qab ntawd hauv lub tsev fuabtais muaj ntau tus qauv ntawm qhov "gravitational" rab phom loj.

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Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem hnav khaub ncaws ntawm no hauv cov khaub ncaws thiab ris tsho hnav, tua "hneev" tiag tiag hauv nruab nrab nruab nrab hauv qhov tua thiab txawm tawm tsam nrog ntaj!

Phau ntawv qhia hais tias lub tsev fuabtais tau tuaj ntsib txhua xyoo los ntawm ntau dua 220,000 tus neeg ncig tebchaws, suav nrog 20,000 tus menyuam kawm ntawv, thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob kiag li. Nws muaj ntau yam pom.

Pom zoo: