Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)

Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)
Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)

Video: Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)

Video: Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)
Video: Напуганные, два свирепых гигантских питона, которые откладывают 100 яиц, напали на девушку в пещере. 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Peb lub neej yog qhov txaus nyiam. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj qhov twg los thiab xav tias koj yuav kawm ib yam, tab sis koj yuav kawm qee yam sib txawv kiag li, thiab txawm tias qee yam uas koj yuav tsis tau paub txog lwm yam. Qhov no tau tshwm sim rau kuv lub caij ntuj sov dhau los, thaum kuv, ua ke nrog pab pawg neeg ncig tebchaws los ntawm Russia, pom kuv tus kheej hauv lub nroog Polish qub nroog ntawm Wroclaw. Nov ntawm VO Kuv tau tham txog ntau lub sijhawm txaus nyiam cuam tshuam nrog kev mus xyuas cov tsev fuabtais hauv Czech koom pheej, lub chaw tiv thaiv thiab tsev cia puav pheej hauv nroog Brno, Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob hauv Dresden, lub nroog-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Meissen, tab sis tam sim no nws tig mus rau Wroclaw. Thiab, tau kawg, nrog kev tsis ncaj ncees hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm "Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tub Rog".

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Painting los ntawm Jan Matejko "Tsov rog ntawm Racławice".

Thiab nws tau tshwm sim ntawd … rau qee qhov laj thawj kuv tsis nco qab saib ua ntej hauv Is Taws Nem qhov tseeb tos kuv hauv lub nroog no thiab qhov pom ntawm "kev coj ua tub rog" yuav tsum kuv pom nyob ntawd. Zoo, cas nws pib tig. Txawm li cas los xij, Kuv xav tias, tsav tsheb mus rau Wroclaw, yuav muaj kev ncig hauv nroog nyob ntawd thiab yam tsawg kawg yuav muaj qhov txaus nyiam yuav nthuav tawm rau ntawd, thiab kuv yuav yuav daim duab qhia chaw ntawm lub nroog thiab xam nws tawm ntawm kuv tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua yam dhau los ua qhov tsis raug, lossis theej, tsis zoo li ntawd. Ntawd yog, txoj cai hais tias "Vajtswv yog nws tus kheej, thiab dab yog nws", peb txhua tus yuav tsum nco ntsoov nco ntsoov.

Lub tsheb npav poob peb ntawm qhov chaw coj txawv txawv ze ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj liab loj loj. Nws nyob ntawm no uas peb tau mus ncig ua si, thiab, tsis muaj kiosks nrog cov duab qhia chaw ncig ua si ntawm kab pom.

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Qhov chaw uas pib "kuv Wroclaw" pib. Muaj pes tsawg zaus kuv tau hais qhia cov tub ntxhais kawm txog yuav ua li cas cov phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj hauv nruab nrab tau ua kom muaj zog nrog cov pob tw, thiab ntawm no … ntawm no lawv yog txoj cai ua ntej kuv ob lub qhov muag. Thiab lub tsev nws tus kheej yog qhov ua piv txwv nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm Nrab Hnub nyoog.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj dab tsi txaus ntshai tiag tiag tshwm sim. Tus Pole-guide tau dhau los ua tus neeg zoo siab thiab ua neeg ncaj ncees, qhia meej txog kev hlub nrog nws lub nroog, uas ua rau muaj kev zoo siab mloog. Nco ntsoov tias qee qhov "tsuas yog ua haujlwm" thiab kuv tsis tshua nyiam cov lus qhia no. Tam sim ntawd, tus neeg kom meej meej tau mus rau "kev lag luam nrog tus ntsuj plig" thiab, tau kawg, nws zoo siab heev.

Peb taug kev mus rau qhov majestic Cathedral ntawm St. John the Baptist, rhuav tshem thaum kev sib ntaus rau Breslau - qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub nroog no ntawm cov neeg German, yuav luag 70%, thiab tom qab ntawd dhau los ua xibfwb qhia ntawv ntawm kev ntseeg, raws txoj kev Cathedral thiab hla tus choj Tumski, peb tau hla Oder Dej (lossis Oder hauv Polish) mus rau hauv plawv nroog … Nws tau dhau los, thiab kev xav ntawm tus kheej tsuas yog lees paub tias Wroclaw tuaj yeem raug hu ua lub nroog zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab nyob ntsiag to hauv tebchaws Poland. Nws kuj yog qhov nthuav vim tias muaj ntau txog 12 lub koog pov txwv hauv nroog, uas cov choj zoo nkauj coj mus, uas ua rau nws yog qhov chaw zoo rau taug kev thiab so.

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Cov koog pov txwv hauv nroog tau txuas nrog cov choj no.

Zoo, kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam kab lis kev cai thiab cov khoom vaj tsev ua rau nws muaj qhov tshwj xeeb thiab hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev zoo ib yam. Tab sis nws qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, hauv kuv lub tswv yim, yog cov neeg ncig tebchaws tsawg. Yog li ntawd, Wroclaw raug zam los ntawm cov neeg coob coob thiab tsis muaj suab nrov.

Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)
Lub nroog Wroclaw, cov neeg tooj liab tooj liab thiab diorama ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice (ntu 1)

Cathedral ntawm John tus Baptist.

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Tus qauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nyob ze nws nkag, tso cai rau koj pom nws hauv nws tag nrho.

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Ib lub tsev ntawm Txoj Kev Cathedral …

Ntawm txoj kev mus rau hauv nruab nrab, phau ntawv qhia peb tias peb yuav nrhiav … gnomes, cov duab me me uas ua los ntawm tooj dag thiab nyob thoob plaws lub nroog hauv ntau qhov chaw. Kuv tsis tau hnov dua qhov pom nyob hauv Wroclaw, yog li kuv tau mloog phau ntawv qhia zaj dab neeg nrog kev zoo siab.

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Los ntawm txoj kev, muaj ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv nroog Wroclaw. Muaj qhov tshwj xeeb palace ntawm khoom plig khoom plig. Muaj Kev Tsov Rog Tsov Rog, uas, hmoov tsis zoo, kuv tsis tau mus, txawm hais tias muaj kev sau zoo ntawm lub kaus mom hlau thiab ntau lwm yam riam phom, suav nrog Polish sabers.

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Thiab qhov no yog Prussian Royal Palace thiab tseem yog lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj uas qhia txog ntau txhiab xyoo keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog Wroclaw.

Raws li phau ntawv qhia, Tebchaws Poland xyoo 1980 yog qhov tsis pom kev zoo: suav tag nrho kev siv tshuaj txhaum cai, kev ua txhaum tib neeg txoj cai, cov khw muag khoom khoob, qhov ua siab phem ntawm cov nom tswv thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Tag nrho cov no ua rau muaj kev yug me nyuam hauv zej zog me ntawm cov neeg uas tsis pom zoo nrog txoj cai. Tab sis lawv txiav txim siab tsis ua los ntawm kev quab yuam, tab sis los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm "Orange Revolution", uas yog vim li cas tib neeg thiaj tau txais lub npe "Orange Alternative". Txij li thaum tub ceev xwm tam sim npog cov lus tawm tsam kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam uas tau tshwm sim ntawm no thiab nyob ntawm phab ntsa, cov tswvcuab ntawm "Lwm Txoj" tau pib pleev xim txiv kab ntxwv nrog cov paj hauv lawv txhais tes hauv cov chaw no.

Thawj cov txiv kab ntxwv gnome tau pleev xim rau ntawm lub rooj muag khoom hloov pauv thaum Lub Yim Hli 31, 1982. Thiab tsis ntev lawv cov duab tshwm rau ntawm txoj kev ntawm tsib lub nroog loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Poland. Yog li cov neeg tau qhia tias lawv tawm tsam cov tub ceev xwm, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem coj lawv mus rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov raug foob loj. Zoo, nws zoo li tam sim no hauv Catalonia, qhov twg txhua lub rooj muag khoom hloov pauv tau npog nrog cov lus "Catalonia tsis yog Spain thiab" Fuck polizia! " Txaus siab rau cov gnomes no thiab "Lwm Yam" tau mus txog nws qhov apogee ntawm Cov Menyuam Hnub, Lub Rau Hli 1, 1987. Tom qab ntawd cov neeg saib xyuas ntawm txoj cai lij choj kev cai lij choj thiab kev txiav txim ntawm lub nroog Wroclaw pib ntes cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm kev txav chaw uas tab tom faib khoom qab zib rau cov neeg hla-los ntawm txoj kev widnicka. Hauv kev teb rau tub ceev xwm kev ua phem, cov neeg coob coob tau pib qw "Gnomes muaj nyob!" Thiab qhov xwm txheej no tau ploj mus hauv keeb kwm Polish hauv qab lub npe "Kev Tawm Tsam ntawm Dwarfs". Zoo, thaum kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm hauv tebchaws Poland poob, daim ntawv cim nco txog hauv … daim duab tooj liab tau tsim rau ntawm txoj kev widnicka hauv kev nco txog qhov xwm txheej no. Thiab tam sim no lawv sawv thoob plaws hauv lub nroog hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab piav qhia gnomes koom nrog ntau yam teeb meem, thiab tsis muaj leej twg paub tus lej tseeb ntawm lawv!

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Thawj qhov kev nco txog gnome yog "sib ntaus tawm tsam kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm."

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Tab sis kuv tau ntsib ib tug ntsias. Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau ntawm lawv, tab sis lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kab lus no tseem yog tub rog, yog li nws tsis tshua muaj kev nkag siab los txhim kho lub ncauj lus ntawm gnomes ntxiv. Txawm hais tias ob peb ntxiv los qhia, Kuv xav tias koj tuaj yeem ua tau.

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Thiab yog li …

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Thiab cov no … cov neeg tua hluav taws.

Thiab ntawm no kuv tsis nco qab los ntawm qhov chaw twg, nyob ntawm ntug dej sab nraud ntawm tus dej, Kuv tau pom lub tsev cylindrical coj txawv txawv hauv avant-garde style thiab, tau kawg, tam sim nug cov lus qhia, nws yog dab tsi? Nws hais tias, "Huag, qhov no, tsis txaus siab rau tej yam zoo li no," yog qhov pom ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze Racławice, nyob qhov twg xyoo 1794 cov neeg cosigners Polish tau kov yeej cov tub rog Lavxias ntawm General Tormasov ". Kuv tsis tau thov nug ntxiv, vim kuv txaj muag rau qhov kuv tsis paub. Nws zoo li paub tag nrho keeb kwm ntawm peb ntu ntawm Tebchaws Poland, uas yog thaj av rau leej twg, thaum lawv tawm mus, tias tus thawj coj ntawm kev tawm tsam Tadeusz Kosciuszko raug kaw hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Lavxias pab tub rog, raug kaw hauv qab Catherine, tab sis tau txais kev zam txim los ntawm Paul Thawj, thiab tom qab ntawd nug Napoleon kom pab, tias Suvorov rau kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam Polish nws tau txais qib ntawm tus thawj tub rog, tab sis nws tsis paub dab tsi txog kev sib ntaus sib tua no. Thiab kuv xav pom nws nyob ntawd. Nws yog teeb meem ntawm ib pliag kom paub tias lub tsheb npav yuav tos peb thiab mus rau lub tsev so twg nws yuav coj peb mus, tom qab ntawd "kuv poj niam" (tus poj niam, tus ntxhais thiab tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv) tau mus ib txoj kev, thiab thaum kawg kuv tau mus ncig ua si daim npav, pom lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws qhov kev sib ntsib nyob ze lub tsev ua yeeb yam thiab khiav tag nrho nws lub peev xwm mus rau lwm qhov - saib qhov xav tau ntev -rau diorama. Thiab ntsia …

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Nov yog qhov nws yog - diorama no, lossis theej - lub tsev uas nws nyob. Rau qee qhov laj thawj, nws zoo li lub pob tawb wicker.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev xav ntawm tus kheej. Rov qab rau xyoo 1962, Kuv xub pom Roubaud's "Sevastopol Panorama", thiab tseem muaj diorama "Storming Sapun Mountain" thiab lawv ua rau kuv xav tsis thoob. Tsev khaws puav pheej -panorama "Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Stalingrad", lossis qhov uas tau pleev xim rau nws, tsis nyiam nws heev, tab sis "Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Borodino" - lub panorama yog qhov yooj yim heev. Diorama "Heroic Presnya. 1905 "zoo li tseem ceeb heev rau kuv. Muaj, ntawm lub dav hlau khoom, muaj tib neeg cov duab, uas, feem ntau, tsis raug rau dioramas. Tab sis qhov diorama no kuj yog qhov nthuav heev. Nws tsis yog neeg coob li Borodinskaya, tab sis nws yog pleev xim rau yooj yim xwb.

Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1893 - 1894 los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm pawg sab laj ntawm lub nroog Lvov, uas tom qab ntawd yog koom nrog Austria -Hungary, txuas nrog rau ib puas xyoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua no. Qhov ntev ntawm daim duab yog 114 m, qhov siab yog 15 m, txoj kab uas hla ntawm diorama yog 38 m.

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Tus kws kos duab Jan Styka ntawm lub scaffolding, ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntaub thaiv ntawm panorama.

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Artist Wojciech Kossak ntawm haujlwm.

Nws tus kws sau ntawv tseem ceeb yog cov kws ua yeeb yam Jan Styka thiab Wojciech Kossak. Lub panorama tau qhib rau saib nyob rau ib puas xyoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Rau Hli 5, 1894 ntawm Polish kev nthuav dav thoob tebchaws, uas tom qab ntawd tau muaj nyob hauv Lviv.

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Lub tsev ntawm Lviv panorama hauv Stryisky park.

Xyoo 1944, raws li qhov kev foob pob ntawm Lviv, nws tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov neeg German txeeb chaw. Xyoo 1946, nws tau raug xa mus rau tub ceev xwm Polish thiab thauj mus rau lub nroog Wroclaw. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tsis ncaj ntawm lub panorama tsis tau xaus qhov ntawd. Lawv tsis tau nthuav tawm nws, tab sis tau muab qhwv thiab zais nws hauv qab daus ntawm National Museum hauv Wroclaw.

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Cov kws kos duab Polish tau piav qhia ntau zaus ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua no, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj nkag siab. Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice. Teeb duab los ntawm Michal Stakhovich, luam tawm thawj zaug xyoo 1894.

Qhov laj thawj yog kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov tub ceev xwm ntawm kev sib raug zoo Poland kom rov ua dua rau Moscow lawv qhov "tsis ncaj ncees", txij li kev ua yeeb yam ntawm lub ntsej muag ua yeeb yam qhuas tus yeej ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias (txawm tias nyob rau hauv Catherine Great) lub sijhawm raug suav tias yog kev ua tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nrog kev txiav txim siab los tsim lub tsev tshiab rau nws, txhua tus rub thiab rub. Tsuas yog xyoo 1980, nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm hu ua Kev Sib Koom Tes, nws puas tuaj yeem pib tsim lub tsev tshiab rau qhov kev nthuav dav no hauv Wroclaw, nrog rau kev rov kho dua ntawm daim ntaub nws tus kheej, uas txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1985, thaum qhov kawg tau qhib nyob rau lub rau hli ntuj 14.

Raws li keeb kwm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nws tus kheej, tom qab tau paub nrog lub ntsej muag panorama, Kuv xav kom paub nws kom ntxaws. Thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov kawg peb tau tswj xyuas kom paub txog nws.

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Daim ntawv qhia kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Akhtyrka hussar regiment.

Thiab nws tau tshwm sim uas yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Polish gentry, zoo li lub siab dawb paug ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania, txawm hais tias sab nrauv hais tawm ua tiav kev mloog lus rau Lavxias Lub Tebchaws, qhov tseeb tau npaj los txhawb kev tawm tsam, txhais tau tias Fabkis, qhov kev tawm tsam yog ntawm qhov sawv ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, yuav pab nws hauv kev tawm tsam kev ua phem. Tus txiv neej Lithuanian Tadeusz Kosciuszko, uas koom nrog kev ua tsov rog ntawm Asmeskas lub xeev tawm tsam Askiv kom muaj kev ywj pheej, tau raug xaiv los ua tus sawv tawm tsam. Qhov kev tawm tsam tau pib nrog qhov tseeb tias Polish tus thawj coj Madalinsky tsis kam tshem tawm cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog, uas nws tau hais kom ua, tom qab ntawd nws tau npaj txhij txog kev tawm tsam Lavxias cov tub rog thiab txeeb nws cov txhab nyiaj. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau faib pawg Prussian, uas nyob hauv Silesia, thiab tsiv mus rau Krakow. Twb tau nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 16, 1794, cov neeg nyob hauv Krakow tau tshaj tawm Tadeusz Kosciuszko tus tswjfwm, thiab nws tau cog lus rau pej xeem rau cov neeg. Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Tawm Tsam, tau txais tam sim ntawd, tau muab nws lub zog ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm txhua tus tub rog ntawm Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth thiab xa mus rau nws tag nrho lub zog hauv lub tebchaws. Kev tawm tsam tau tawm tsam txhua qhov hauv tebchaws Poland thiab Lithuania. Qhov uas tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias thiab tus thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog Lavxias hauv Warsaw, General Igelstrom, tau tawm tsam tam sim ntawd thiab xa cov neeg tawm mus raws li Denisov thiab Τορmasov tawm tsam Madalinsky; ntxiv rau, cov tub rog Prussian tau nkag mus rau tebchaws Poland tam sim ntawd.

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Rau qhov kuv ib txwm nyiam panoramas thiab dioramas, nws yog qhov muaj ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev kawm. Cov duab loj hauv lub neej zoo li qhov piv txwv zoo li qhov no ntawm no. Diorama "Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Racławice".

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Tab sis tus ntoo khaub lig no sawv ntawm qhov chaw ntawd, nws sawv ntawm qhov ntawd thiab tam sim no!

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Ib qho ntawm cov monuments ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tau txhim tsa tam sim no.

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