Yog li kab lus ntawm kab lus ntawm riam phom ntawm lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog tau los txog qhov kawg thiab … qee qhov txawm tias txawv me ntsis. Ib yam zoo li ploj lawm? Nyob rau ib lub sijhawm kuv xav sau phau ntawv txog txhua yam - vim li cas, los ntawm txoj kev, lub voj voog tau yug los sai heev uas twb tau npaj lawm, tab sis hauv ib ntawm cov tshaj tawm tshaj tawm kuv tau hais tias "cov ncauj lus nqaim, thiab phau ntawv yuav kim. " Yog li ntawd, nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los luam tawm. Tab sis, ua tsaug rau VO, nws tseem pom nws tus nyeem ntawv, txawm hais tias … thiab hauv daim ntawv tsis zoo. Raws li kuv tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau lub voj voog, kuv tus kheej tau kawm ntau yam, ntsib cov neeg txaus siab, yog li txoj haujlwm no tsis tsuas yog nthuav, tab sis kuj muaj txiaj ntsig. Qee leej txawm nug kuv tias nws puas tuaj yeem ua Ph. D. thesis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Koj tuaj yeem, tab sis tsis tsim nyog nws! Tab sis kev kawm tiav rau cov tub ntxhais kawm keeb kwm tuaj yeem ua tiav zoo heev.
Kev sib ntaus ntawm ob tus tub rog nrog hmuv thiab "mace nrog tus nuv". Duab los ntawm Andreas Smaragdis.
Qhov kawg ntawm ib qho monograph, cov npe ntawm cov neeg ua tim khawv feem ntau muab tso rau. Yuav muaj teeb meem nrog qhov no, vim tias ntau yam tsis tau muab los ntawm phau ntawv, tab sis los ntawm cov xaib, suav nrog Greek thiab Lus Askiv. Ib ntawm kab lus hu ua phau ntawv kawg ntawm Osprey luam tawm lub tsev. Leej twg xav tau - nws tuaj yeem nrhiav tau yooj yim ntawm lawv lub vev xaib ntawm lub tsev tshaj tawm no thiab xaj khoom. Tab sis nws tsis yooj yim sua yam tsis muaj ntaub ntawv.
Kev kos duab ntawm cov tub rog los ntawm tus kws kos duab J. Rava nrog txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Yog li no, ntawm no yog cov npe phau ntawv uas cov kws sau keeb kwm Askiv tau hais qhia rau lub ncauj lus no. Los ntawm cov npe no, Kuv tau tshwm sim los nyeem phau ntawv suav 3, 4, 6, 10 thiab 11 thiab kuv tuaj yeem hais tias lawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Connolly phau ntawv, tsis pom zoo. Yog li yog tias ib tus neeg txiav txim siab mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov ncauj lus no, tom qab ntawd … lub hauv paus rau qhov no nws muaj qhov txuas ntxiv txuas mus rau cov chaw hauv zej zog "Corivantes" thiab Matt Poitras. Lawv muaj cov duab zoo uas lawv ib txwm npaj los qhia. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem sau ntawv rau Corivantes thiab muab lawv koj cov ntawv ntawm cov ncauj lus ntsig txog. Piv txwv li, "Riam phom Riam phom ntawm Kerch", "Colchis ntawm Ancient Kolkhs", "Cov Tub Rog ntawm Golden Fleece". Qhov tseeb, koj yuav tsum sau ua lus Askiv. Koj tseem tuaj yeem txhais los ntawm tus neeg txhais lus Google, tab sis tom qab ntawd nco ntsoov rov nyeem thiab kho qhov yuam kev, vim tias lawv yuav nyob hauv txhua kab lus !!! Koj tuaj yeem paub nrog peb cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qub txeeg qub teg ntawm cov ncauj lus no, ntxiv rau cov npe uas twb muaj lawm 20, hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Soviet Archaeology" thiab "Archaeology of Russia", ntxiv rau hauv phau ntawv xov xwm "Rodina".
Mycenaean cov tub rog ntawm XII caug xyoo. BC c. Artist J. Rava.
Tab sis muaj ntau txoj haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau ua thiab lub ncauj lus no tsis tuaj yeem ua nrog "cavalry swoop". Txawm li cas los xij, peb yog tib neeg, peb nyiam cov teeb meem, yog li yog tias ib tus neeg tam sim ntawd "ntxias", ces kuv ib txwm "rau". Zoo, thiab cov phau ntawv - ntawm no lawv yog - nyeem:
1. Astrom, Paul. Lub Cuirass Qhov ntxa thiab Lwm Yam Pom Ntawm Dendra, Ntu Kuv: Lub Tsev Tombs. Kev kawm hauv Mediterranean Archaeology, Vol. IV. Goteborg, Sweden, 1977. ISBN 91 85058 03 3. (Astrom, Paul. Lub qhov ntxa ntawm Cuirass thiab Lwm Yam Pom Ntawm Dendra. Ntu Kuv: Chamber Tombs. Tshawb fawb hauv Mediterranean Archaeology. Volume IV. Gothenburg, Sweden, 1977. ISBN 85058 03 3. Cov duab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua daim ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog, suav nrog ntau qhov kaw, kos duab, thiab cov lus piav qhia.
2. Avila, Robert AJ Bronzene Lanzen- und Pfeilspitzen der Griechischen Spaetbronzezeit (Praehistorische Bronzefunde, Abteilung V, Band 1). Munich: TSO Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. Cov ntawv hauv German. https://www.antikmakler.de/catalog/index.php. (Cov kab ntawv tsis pheej yig thiab tuaj yeem nrhiav tau nyuaj, tab sis muaj cov qauv txheej txheem loj rau riam phom thiab ntau ntxiv.)
2. Barber, Martyn. Bronze thiab Bronze Age: Metalwork and Society in Britain c. 2500-800 BC. Stroud: Tempus Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0-7524-2507-2. (Barber Martyn. Bronze thiab Bronze Age: Metalwork and British Society 2500-800 BC Strode. Tempus Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0-7524-2507-2.
3. Connolly, Peter. Ancient Greece ntawm Odysseus. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-19-910532-4. (Connolly, Peter. Ancient Greece Odyssey. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN tus xov tooj 0-19-910532-4. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv zoo heev, nthuav qhia ntau yam. Nqe $ 12!
4. Dickinson, Oliver. Aegean Bronze Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. ISBN 0 521 45664 9. Tsis yog lub teeb nyeem tau yooj yim, tab sis pom zoo ntawm cov ncauj lus. (Dickinson, Oliver. Aegean Bronze Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. ISBN tus xov tooj 0 521 45664 9. Nws nyuaj rau nyeem, tab sis nws muab cov ntsiab lus zoo ntawm cov ncauj lus).
5. Drews, Robert. Qhov Kawg Ntawm Lub Hnub Nyoog Bronze: Kev Hloov Tsov Rog thiab Kev Puas Tsuaj Loj ntawm 1200 B. C. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993. ISBN 0-691-04811-8. (Dreis Robert. Qhov Kawg Ntawm Lub Hnub Nyoog Bronze: Kev Hloov hauv Kev Ua Yeeb Yam thiab Kev Puas Tsuaj ntawm 1200 BC Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, 1993. ISBN 0-691-04811-8. qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, tab sis ntau tus kws sau keeb kwm Askiv xav txog nws yam tsis raug cai. Pom tseeb, qhov no yog hom British Fomenko, thiab cov uas thuam nws yog "cov neeg koom nrog ib txwm muaj").
6. Grguric, Nicolas. Cov Mycenaeans, c. 1650-111100 Nws. Osprey Cov neeg tseem ceeb Series # 130. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2005. ISBN 1-84176-897-9. (Grgurik, Nicholas. Mycenaeans, 1650-1100 BC. Osprey. Elite Series # 130. Oxford. 2005. ISBN 1-84176-897-9. Illustrator Angus McBride. Zoo li txhua phau ntawv Osprey, nws luv heev. Tab sis muaj cov duab zoo nkauj, nthuav cov duab.
7. Harding, UA Cov koom haum European nyob hauv Hnub Nyoog Bronze. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 0 521 36729 8 (Harding, A. A. European Societies in the Bronze Age. Caembridge, Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 0 521 36729 8)
8. James, Peter. Ntau pua Xyoo Tsaus Ntuj. London: Jonathan Cape, 1991. ISBN 0-224-02647-X. (James, Peter. Hnub nyoog ntawm Kev Tsaus Ntuj. London: Jonathan Cape, 1991. ISBN 0-224-02647-X. Lwm tus neeg Askiv Fomenko! Tam sim no koj puas nkag siab qhov twg peb pob ntseg loj hlob? "Los ntawm Manetho's Egyptian" cov npe muaj npe. "Tam sim no, txhua hnub txog rau 950 BC tuaj yeem txo qis tsawg kawg 250 xyoo. 2500 …)
9. Osgood, RIchard; Monks, Sarah; thiab Toms, Judith. Bronze Age Warfare. Sutton Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0-7509-2363-6.
10. Wood, Michael. Nrhiav hauv Trojan War. Berkeley: University of California Xovxwm, 1998. ISBN 0-520-21599-0. (Ntoo, Michael. Hauv Kev Tshawb Nrhiav ntawm Trojan War. Berkeley: University of California Xovxwm, 1998. ISBN 0-520-21599-0. Ib zaj dab neeg zoo, sib luag ntawm kev pom ntawm Troy thiab sib cav txog qhov tseeb thiab lus dab neeg.)
11. Yadin, Yigael. Kev Ua Yeeb Yaj Kiab Tsov Rog Hauv Ntiaj Teb Biblical. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963. (Yadin, Yigael. The Art of War in Biblical Lands. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963. Ob-volume edition tsom mus rau Middle East thiab Egypt, tab sis kuj siv rau lwm haiv neeg, pib hauv Neolithic Sau nrog cov lus piav qhia, kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov ntawv qub.
Ib tus ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib lub vev xaib (Kuv thov txim, tab sis tsis muaj sijhawm tshawb nrhiav leej twg raws nraim los ntawm cov lus pom) tau hais tawm lub siab xav paub txog Achaean axes thiab lwm yam ntawm lawv cov riam phom txawv txawv. Lub sijhawm ntawd, teb nws cov lus, kuv tsis pom cov ntaub ntawv no, tab sis tam sim no qhov teeb meem sib txawv. Nov yog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub vev xaib ntawm Corivantes haiv neeg txog riam phom uas lawv tus kheej xav tias txawv.
"Muaj tus qauv uas Homeric heroes yog cov tub rog uas muaj riam phom zoo nrog ntaj thiab hmuv, sib ntaus ntawm lawv tus kheej hauv kev sib ntaus lossis hauv kev tsim zoo ib yam li phalanxes thaum ub. Qee tus ntawm lawv yog cov kws siv hneev tshwj xeeb siv cov hneev sib xyaw, xws li Paris thiab Odysseus, tab sis cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog nplua nuj dua. Kev tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm hauv tebchaws Iziv, thaj chaw ntawm Mitanni, Hittites thiab Sumerians tso cai rau peb xav txog ntau yam "txawv" hom riam phom, xws li: pob-saum maces, disc-top maces, ntaj nquab, ob rab hmuv, lwm yam. Zoo, ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov axis, uas Mycenaeans siv dav heev. Qag nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub crescent tau nthuav dav, thiab cov qia nrog cov hniav zoo li lub pliaj pliaj pliaj kuj tau paub.
Cov Minoans kuj tseem paub txog ob chav axes (thiab hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab "Troy" nws tseem tau qhia tias yuav ua li cas ib rab riam tau thauj mus rau lub laub nrog riam phom), tab sis muaj ntau qhov kev sib cav uas cov kab no yog kev coj ua thiab tsis tawm tsam. Siv kev sib ntaus sib tua (nrog rau ib txhais tes lossis ob txhais tes) xav tau ntau viav vias, thiab nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov cuab yeej phaj xws li "Dendra Armor" tau tsim los tiv thaiv lawv. Thiab, los ntawm txoj kev, axes kuj tau siv dav tiv thaiv Byzantine cataphracts thiab Western European nruab nrab cov tub rog.
Menelaus tau ua tub rog tag nrho.
Nws yog qhov tseeb tias Homer luv luv (thiab tsis tshua muaj) piav qhia qee yam txawv txawv (thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo) riam phom zoo li qag thiab mace (Iliad 7.138). Lub caij no, nws tau paub tias muaj ntau yam khoom siv (hlau, tooj dag, pob zeb) tau siv rau lawv cov khoom siv, nyob ntawm seb muaj xwm txheej zoo li cas thiab peev nyiaj txiag ntawm tus tub rog.
Homer ua qhov zoo siv rau riam phom zoo li aksini. Nws tau siv los ntawm tub rog ntawm Troy, uas tawm tsam Menelaus, leej twg, txawm li cas los xij, tua tus tub rog no (Iliad 13, 613). Lo lus axini tseem siv niaj hnub no hauv Greek niaj hnub no los piav qhia txog cov cuab yeej ua liaj ua teb zoo li pickaxe. Tab sis peb tuaj yeem xav tias cov cuab yeej zoo li siv riam phom los ntawm cov tub rog tsis zoo, thiab qhov kev xav no tuaj yeem lees txais tag nrho, vim nws zoo dua kom muaj cov riam phom zoo li tsis muaj. Qhov txaus siab, Kanellopoulos Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Athens nthuav qhia cov khoom cuav nthuav los ntawm lub xyoo pua 9th. BC Nws yog ib qho hnyav rauj nrog ntev "horn", ib yam li rab riam Yog tias nws yog riam phom ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, tom qab ntawd nws tau hais meej tsim los txhawm rau hnyav cov cuab yeej lossis rub cov yeeb ncuab los ntawm khaub ncaws.
Ob chav ax los ntawm Katsikis Dimitrios.
Lwm qhov riam phom yog hnyav, ob rab phom. Muaj qhov kev xav tias nws yog cuab yeej tua tsiaj hiav txwv loj, piv txwv li, ntses taub ntswg ntev lossis ntses ntaj, tab sis, tau kawg, lawv tuaj yeem hla tus neeg yooj yim!"
Axis hauv rooj plaub tawv, ua haujlwm ntawm Katsikis Dimitrios.
Qhov no xaus peb lub voj voog ntawm kev siv riam phom thiab cuab yeej tiv thaiv ntawm lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog tuaj yeem suav tias ua tiav: "zaj nkauj kawg ntawm paj huam" dhau lawm.
Cov tswv cuab ntawm Corivantes Association hauv lawv cov khaub ncaws thiab ris tsho hnav.
Tus sau xav ua tsaug Katsikis Dimitrios (https://www.hellenicarmors.gr) thiab Greek Koryvantes Association (koryvantes.org) rau muab cov duab ntawm lawv kev rov tsim kho thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Tus tub rog nrog "mace nrog tus nuv". Greek History Association "Korivantes".
