Cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm VO ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog "Lub Thawv Suab Nkauj" lub tank raug tua los ntawm Lieutenant Arnold tau rov ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntawm qhov chaw nyeem ntawv hauv kev siv cov tso tsheb hlau luam thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no yog qhov tseeb 100 xyoo dhau los, thiab peb tuaj yeem pom nrog peb tus kheej lub qhov muag (qhov no tsis yog txhua yam dab tsi Egyptian pyramids yuav tsum tau kawm!). Zoo, tom qab ntawd cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau "thawj zaug", thiab nws tseem tsim nyog los tua lawv "thawj zaug". Thiab hnub no peb yuav qhia koj txog qhov no tau tshwm sim ntawm Entente cov phoojywg thiab lawv cov neeg tawm tsam, raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Askiv.
Taw qhia
Txhawm rau pib nrog, hauv lawv lub tswv yim, Cov Phooj Ywg ntawm Sab Hnub Poob tsis muaj qhov kev txhim kho, xav thiab xav tau mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv lub tank zoo li cov tub rog German tau ua. Qhov laj thawj yog qhov tseeb. Lawv tsis tau ntsib ib yam kev hem thawj. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm cov tub rog German (lawv A7Vs thiab cov tsheb hauv tebchaws Askiv tau ntes) tsis tuaj yeem muab piv nrog lub tank armada ntawm Allies. Ntxiv mus, thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog, txij li Allies tau tawm tsam ntau dua kev thim rov qab nyob rau ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1918, tsawg dua puas tau ua rau cov tub rog Askiv hnyav hnyav (yog tias muaj) poob rau hauv cov yeeb ncuab txhais tes. Ntxiv mus, fussing nrog kev khiav tawm ntawm lub tsheb puas mus rau lub German rear nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav overhaul lawv nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm ib tug Allied phem yuav tsuas yog zuj zus qhov xwm txheej nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, German tso tsheb hlau luam tuaj yeem, rau qee qhov, ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau cov tub rog. Ib qho ntxiv, ib txwm muaj peev xwm uas cov neeg German tuaj yeem pib tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm qhov loj.
Mk Kuv nrog "ru tsev" los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm tes!
Txawm li cas los xij, Cov tub rog Allied tsis zoo li tau kawm hauv kev tawm tsam tso tsheb hlau luam, uas yog vim li cas lawv cov tub rog tau xav tsis thoob los ntawm qhov pom ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov phooj ywg kev tshaj tawm kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm no, uas tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev ntshai ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, txij li thaum xub thawj nws tau hais txog qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hla cov tub rog.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qee qhov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv lub tank, uas, feem ntau yuav, tau teeb tsa ntawm qib tub rog lossis txawm tias ntawm cov tuam txhab ib leeg. Yog lawm, kom txog thaum pom thawj zaug ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam hauv St. Nws tau txais mus rau lub ntsiab lus tias thaum Frank Mitchell lub tank Askiv tau mus txog A7V ib hlis (!) Tom qab thawj lub tso tsheb hlau luam German tau tshwm sim ntawm xub ntiag, nws tsis muaj lub tswv yim tias A7V zoo li cas lossis nws tau siv riam phom li cas. Cov tub rog thiab cov phom loj sib npaug tsis paub txog qhov no. Txhua qhov no qhia tias cov phoojywg tsis xav tias lub tebchaws Yelemes yuav tuaj yeem tawm tsam lawv nyob rau lub sijhawm luv nrog cov tub rog tseem ceeb thiab, hauv txoj ntsiab cai, qhov no tau tshwm sim li cas, txawm hais tias cov tub rog sib koom ua ke tsis npaj rau kev sib ntaus nrog lawv!
Lus Askiv "German" tank "Whippet".
Armor-piercing mos txwv tiv thaiv armor
Xyoo 1915, tsoomfwv Askiv tau siv.303-nti riam phom-tho qhov mos txwv, zoo ib yam hauv kev tsim rau German "K" mos txwv, xub xub qhia hauv pab tub rog German rau kev tua ntawm cov phom ntev. Ntau hom hom mos txwv no tau raug rho tawm, suav nrog: Armor Piercing Mks W Mk 1 thiab W Mk 1 IP (thiab lawv tau tsim txuas ntxiv ob qho ua ntej thiab txawm tias tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob!)Cov mos txwv zoo li no tseem muaj rau cov tub rog Australian, Canadian, Indian thiab New Zealand. Thiab tsis tsuas yog lawv muaj - lawv kuj tau tsim hauv Australia, Canada thiab Is Nrias teb thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II. Cov mos txwv muaj cov hlau tawv tawv uas muaj cov hlau lead hauv lub tsho tombak. Txhua lub foob pob riam phom hauv qhov kev pabcuam ntawm tebchaws Askiv thiab tebchaws koomhaum muaj lub ntsuab ntsuab. Lub tuam txhab Remington tau tsim cov mos txwv zoo sib xws rau cov tub rog Asmeskas, tab sis tsuas yog lawv muaj lub ntsej muag dub. Xyoo 1918, cov mos txwv-thooj phom tau raug tua hauv Fab Kis.
Cov phom loj uas siv phom German 7, 92 × 57 mm hom "K" rau kev tua los ntawm Mauser 98 phom loj.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hom mos txwv no tau npaj txhij txog. Tsis tsuas yog lawv tau hle cov ris tsho me me ntawm qhov ze, lawv tseem zoo dua li cov mos txwv zoo ib yam, sib cais thaum tsoo lub tsho tiv thaiv ib sab ntawm lub qhov rooj saib, ua rau, vim li ntawd, tombak tawg ntawm cov mos txwv lub plhaub thiab poob ntawm cov hmoov txhuas yaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, 80% ntawm lub tankers qhov txhab tau nyob hauv qhov muag. Qhov no yuam kom lawv hnav tsom iav tshwj xeeb, uas, txawm hais tias lawv tau cawm los ntawm qhov xwm txheej no, tab sis txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm soj ntsuam los ntawm lub tank. Ntawd yog, twb "cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsis pom kev" ntawm cov xyoo ntawd dhau los ua "dig muag" rau qhov loj dua!
Cov tub rog German ntes tau hla hla qhov tiv thaiv lub tank.
Cov phom loj tiv thaiv lub tank
Lub sijhawm no, Cov Phoojywg tsis tau tsim phom tiv thaiv lub tank, tabsis nws paub tias cov tub rog Askiv tau siv Mauser 13, 2-mm Mauser phom ntev los ntawm cov neeg German tawm tsam lawv tus kheej lub tso tsheb hlau luam, uas dhau los ua German khoom plig! Cov neeg Australian tseem paub zoo txog riam phom no, ntxiv rau, vim li cas lawv thiaj muab riam phom no lub npe menyuam yaus coj txawv txawv "peashooter", uas txhais tau tias "khoom ua si phom", yog li nws muaj peev xwm tias qee qhov ntawm lawv cov khoom kuj tseem muaj. Nws tau paub tias Asmeskas cov tub rog tseem tau ntes tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm German phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm hom no, tab sis lawv siv lawv li cas tsis paub. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, nws lub mos txwv ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 ° tho 20 mm cov cuab yeej ua rog, thiab ntawm 300 m ntawm tib lub kaum ntse ntse - 15. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj zog thim rov qab, nrog rau qhov hnyav loj (ntau dua 17 kg!), Tiv thaiv nws txoj kev siv.
Tab sis hauv daim duab no, lub tank Askiv tau txav hla lub pas dej.
Phom phom grenades
Xyoo 1918 thawj lub foob pob phom tiv thaiv lub tank, No. 44, tau tsim tawm hauv tebchaws Askiv rau kev tua tus qauv SMLE phom loj. Nws muaj tus fuse tiv tauj thiab tuaj yeem raug rho tawm nrog daim cartridge dawb paug. Tus nqi yog 11, 5 ooj (ib ounce - 28, 35 g) amatol, uas yog, me ntsis ntau dua 300 g ntawm cov khoom tawg. Lub foob pob tawg muaj "daim tiab linen" uas tau nthuav tawm hauv davhlau, uas tau lees tias nws yuav tsoo lub hom phiaj nrog nws lub taub hau, uas muaj cov fuse tiv tauj. Nruab nrab ntawm 15,000 thiab 20,000 ntawm cov foob pob no tau tsim, thiab tsawg dua 10,000 nkag mus rau hauv pab tub rog ua ntej lub foob pob raug rho tawm los ntawm kev pabcuam xyoo 1919, uas qhia tias nws tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb kev sib ntaus. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws siv tiv thaiv German tso tsheb hlau luam thiab qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem xav tias nws lub luag haujlwm txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tseem tsis txaus.
Fab Kis tsim tsawg kawg peb hom phom tiv thaiv lub phom loj hauv 30mm, 40mm thiab 75mm calibers. Tus qauv 75 mm (3 hauv) zoo ib yam li German tiv thaiv lub foob pob rau 37 mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob.
Cov neeg Asmeskas tseem muaj M9 AT tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws, tab sis nws puas tau ua haujlwm hauv pab tub rog xyoo 1918 tsis paub.
Lub tank German tau tawg mus rau hauv lub trench.
Trench cov phom loj
Fab Kis txiav txim siab tias lawv rab phom loj Puteaux 37 hli yuav yog riam phom txaus raws li rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank. Piv txwv li, hauv Reims thaum Lub Rau Hli 1, 1918, lub roj teeb zais cia ntawm cov phom loj tau tswj kom tsoo lub tank German. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tib yam, lub roj teeb thib ob ntawm tib hom yuam lub tank German thib ob kom thim rov qab nrog hluav taws ntawm nws rab phom. Txij li txoj haujlwm ntawm rab phom tshuab yog thawj lub hom phiaj rau German tso tsheb hlau luam, Fab Kis pib siv lawv ua kab nuv ntses, thiab lawv tus kheej teeb tsa txoj haujlwm zais cia nyob ze rau 37-mm rab phom nrog qhov muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nrawm ntawm qhov projectile tsis tso cai rau rab phom no tua ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm qhov deb.
Phom phom
Phom phom, siv hluav taws ncaj qha, yog cov tua neeg tseem ceeb ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1. Hauv txhua qhov kev sib faib phom loj sib koom ua ke, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tua ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam German tau suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tab sis qee rab phom tau tshwj xeeb raug tua thiab yuav tsum tau tua ib leeg. Bert Cox, Canadian Mounted Artillery Gunner (60th Roj Teeb, Canadian Field Artillery, 14th Artillery Brigade, 5th Canadian Division, 2nd British Army), rov qab hais tias thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1918 nws tau ua haujlwm ntawm rab phom 13-pounder. 76-mm caliber, uas tau qhia tshwj xeeb rau tua hluav taws 12.5-phaus (5.7 kg) cov foob pob tawg loj ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam. Nws muaj ntau qhov ntau ntawm 5, 900 yards (5, 4 km), thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov projectile tuaj yeem npog tsuas yog dhau 10 vib nas this. Tab sis tsis muaj pov thawj tias Bert Cox rab phom tau tua ntawm lub tank German.
Nws tsis zoo li lawv yuav tuaj yeem khawb nws tawm ntawm lub qhov zoo li ntawd …
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm sab German qhia tias ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nees nees (Askiv 13 lossis 18-phaus phom thiab Fabkis xyoo 75). Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv txaus txog qhov uas cov no tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj no "phom tiv thaiv lub tank", lossis rab phom ntawm cov khoom siv phom loj, uas, yog li tham, hauv qhov chaw raug thiab lub sijhawm.
Piv txwv li, Tus Thawj Tub Rog thib 2 Frank Mitchell piav qhia yuav ua li cas, 2 teev tom qab kev sib ntaus ntawm nws lub tank thiab German A7V (Lub Plaub Hlis 23, 1918), rab phom hnyav 18 phaus raug xa mus rau nws pab, txawm hais tias los ntawm lub sijhawm no nws cov yeeb ncuab twb tsoo lawm thiab nws cov neeg ua haujlwm tau khiav tawm … Cov hauv qab no piav qhia txog kev sib tham uas tau tshwm sim nruab nrab ntawm Mitchell thiab tub ceev xwm rab phom loj uas tau caij nws mus rau tom qab nees: Tab sis, hauv kuv lub tswv yim, nws puas tau npaj lawm? Thiab nws taw tes rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm lub tank tawg.
"Koj nyob lig me ntsis," Frank teb luv luv. "Qhov no yog tawm ntawm qhov kev ua si." "O!" - tsuas yog tus neeg caij tsheb hais rau qhov no. "Ntshiab. Zoo … ua tsaug ntau ntau rau koj ua kuv txoj haujlwm rau kuv. " Thiab nws galloped rov qab los ntawm qhov twg nws tshwm sim. Ib yam li ntawd, thaum German tso tsheb hlau luam thawj zaug tau tawm tsam Fab Kis txoj haujlwm (Lub Rau Hli 1, 1918), Fab Kis rab phom nees tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog kev qhuas zoo. Tseeb, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov phom hauv thaj tsam tau cuam tshuam los ntawm lawv cov cuab yeej siv. Lawv txhua tus muaj ib lub tsheb thauj khoom ib lub lawj. Txhawm rau qhia lub thoob yam tsawg me ntsis mus rau sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm kab nruab nrab, nws tau txav nrog rab phom nqa los ntawm cov ntsia hlau ua ke nrog … lub log qag! Yog li ntawd, cov lus qhia kab rov tav tau txwv txog 5 ° hauv ob qho kev qhia. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau xav tau los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm kev suav kom tig riam phom nws tus kheej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nkag mus rau hauv lub tank txav mus ua qhov nyuaj heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv feem ntau yuav tsum tau tua nrog lub pluaj me me tso rau hauv kev tawm tsam. Cov foob pob tawg loj feem ntau tsis txaus.
German "phom tiv thaiv lub tank" TGW-18.
Hnyav phom loj
Nws tsis zoo li, zoo li nws yuav zoo li, cov phom loj ntawm Cov Phooj Ywg tau siv tawm tsam German cov tso tsheb hlau luam, vim tias nws xav tias yuav tsum tau tua nyob rau hauv lub xwmfab, raug kho los ntawm cov kws soj ntsuam phom loj pem hauv ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau paub tias, piv txwv li, hauv Soissons (Lub Rau Hli 1, 1918), lub tank German tau los nyob rau hauv qhov phom sij hnyav, uas tau kho los ntawm lub dav hlau ya saum nws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov neeg coob tau tawm ntawm lub tank, tom qab ntawd cov neeg coob ntawm lub dav hlau xav tias nws tau puas lawm thiab tau hais kom tsum tsis txhob tua. Tseeb tiag, cov neeg ua haujlwm German tau rov ua dua lawv lub tank thiab txuas ntxiv qhov kev tawm tsam, tab sis thaum kawg lawv tau tso tseg lawm thiab tso tseg lub tsheb vim li cas uas tsis meej kiag li.
Lub dav hlau tiv thaiv tso tsheb hlau luam
Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm pab pawg saib xyuas dav hlau (feem ntau yog RAF thiab US Air Corps) tau qhia tias thaum lawv kuaj pom lub tebchaws German tso tsheb hlau luam, lawv yuav tsum ceeb toom tam sim rau lawv cov tub rog txog lawv txoj kev txav chaw (los ntawm cov lus poob thiab suab nrov nrov), thiab tom qab ntawd qhia rau lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm los ntawm tib txoj kev.
Lub dav hlau tiv thaiv tub rog Askiv Sopwith Salamander, tau siv ob rab phom tshuab thiab plaub lub foob pob ntawm 10 kg txhua tus, yuav tsum tawm tsam cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Lawv xav tias yuav tsum tau koom nrog rau pem hauv ntej kom ntxov li xyoo 1918 lossis ntxov xyoo 1919, tab sis ua ntej thaum xaus kev ua tsov rog, tsuas yog ob lub dav hlau ntawm hom no tau sim hauv Fabkis.
"Cov khaub hlab rau trenches" thiab "lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub tank" "Sopwith-Salamander", tus qauv. Ob rab phom tshuab rau nws tau tsom mus rau chav kawm!
Grenades thiab anti-tank mines
Nws pom tias tsuas yog Allied tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv lub foob pob hluav taws uas siv hauv kev sib ntaus yog Fab Kis MLE 18. Nws muaj lub thooj voos kheej kheej zoo li tooj liab lub cev, tus ntoo tuav, thiab hloov Billiant (tej thaj chaw deb) fuse nrog txoj hlua ruaj ntseg txuas ntxiv. Tus nqi suav nrog 900 grams ntawm melinite, tab sis raws li koj tus kheej nkag siab, ntuav cov grenade tsis yooj yim. Pom tseeb nws yuav tsum tau muab lawv pov rau hauv qab txoj kab, txwv tsis pub yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj daim ntawv no? Cov neeg German tau thawb lawv cov "qos yaj ywm xyaum" rau hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv tebchaws Askiv, qee zaum khi ob peb lub taub hau nrog xaim mus rau lub foob pob hluav taws nrog tus kov. Qhov no yog li cas cov nets tshwm ntawm British tso tsheb hlau luam Mk I - Mk V. Qhov kev suav yog tias lub foob pob tawg yuav ntog nws ua ntej nws tawg, lossis yooj yim thaws tawm ntawm lub qhov txhab.
Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv lub tank nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, tab sis ntawm txoj kev muaj peev xwm txav tau ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, cov mines los ntawm cov phom loj thiab cov thawv nrog cov khoom tawg tau raug faus rau hauv av. Lub foob pob hluav taws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws - them nrog tetrile, thiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws ib qho ampoule ntawm sulfuric acid thiab … lub rooj ntoo ntoo npog nrog nyom!
Tank cuab thiab anti-tank ditches
Lub tank German A7V tau ua pov thawj tshwj xeeb rau kev ntxeev. Thiab kev tsim qauv ntawm lub hauv ntej ntawm lub tank yog qhov uas nws thaiv tus neeg tsav tsheb saib mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab nqes. Qhov no ua rau kev siv zais cov ntxiab uas muaj neeg nyiam heev. Fab Kis siv lub qhov taub tso, raws li ob lub tank German (tej zaum A7V) tau tsav mus rau hauv qhov ntxiab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm Fab Kis trenches ntawm kab hauv ntej ntawm Soissons. Tseeb, ib ntawm lawv tau tswj kom tawm ntawm nws rov qab, tab sis lwm qhov tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm rab phom loj.
Lub tank British puas tsuaj los ntawm cov phom loj German.
Cov neeg German lawv tus kheej tau siv dav siv tiv thaiv lub tank, uas cov neeg Askiv tau teb nrog qhov pom ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntev Mk * ("nrog lub hnub qub") thiab Mk ** ("nrog ob lub hnub qub") thiab siv cov kev nyiam rau ntawm lub tso tsheb hlau luam, nrog uas lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm tau sau cov ditches no. Tab sis kev ua tiav txoj haujlwm no hauv German cov phom loj tsis yooj yim.
