Niaj hnub no kev tshawb fawb tsis sawv tseem. Kev tshawb pom tshiab tau ua txhua hnub, suav nrog hauv kev siv tshuaj. Kev tshawb pom ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Fab Kis tuaj yeem hloov kho kev phais ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tsim dua tshiab. Qhov kev tshawb pom no qhia pom tias kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kua dej ntawm nanoparticles tuaj yeem siv hauv vivo los kho cov kabmob thiab cov nqaij mos ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yooj yim-rau-siv txoj hauv kev gluing qhov txhab thiab qhov txhab tau tam sim no tau sim ua tiav hauv nas. Fab Kis xovxwm sau hais tias thaum siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws tuaj yeem kho qhov txhab tob tob li ntawm ob peb feeb, muab qhov txhab zoo kho thiab kho qhov txhab zoo nkauj.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm biogel yog qhov yooj yim heev: cov gel, ua ke nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm nanoparticles, tau siv rau cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas ua ke ib leeg, uas tau sib koom nrog kev pab ntawm gel. Qhov no tshwm sim vim kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm molecular. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua adsorption. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kua nplaum sib koom ua ke nanoparticles, ua rau muaj ntau qhov kev sib txuas tshiab ntawm ob lub qhov txhab tawg. Cov txheej txheem nplaum no tsuas siv ob peb feeb thiab tsis suav nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg.
Thaum lub sijhawm sim, cov kws tshawb fawb Fab Kis sib piv ob txoj hauv kev kaw cov tawv nqaij nrog lub qhov txhab tob tob rau ntawm nws: los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm nanoparticles nrog txhuam thiab los ntawm ib txwm siv tshuaj kho mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kev xaiv nrog daim ntawv thov kev daws teeb meem ntawm nanoparticles zoo li yog qhov siv tau yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab kaw cov tawv nqaij sai heev kom txog thaum nws zoo ntawm nws tus kheej. Cov txheej txheem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev o thiab nqaij necrosis, thiab qhov caws pliav ntawm qhov txhab yog yuav luag tsis pom.
Hauv lwm qhov kev sim, uas tseem tau ua hauv kev sim cov nas, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv lawv cov tshuaj rau cov nqaij mos ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv, xws li lub ntsws, daim siab thiab tus po, uas nyuaj txaus rau xaws vim tias lawv tawg thaum rab koob phais hla dhau lawv. Ntsib nrog lub qhov txhab tob hauv lub siab, cov kws tshaj lij Fab Kis tuaj yeem kaw qhov txhab, siv cov kua dej nanoparticles tov rau nws thiab nyem cov npoo ntawm qhov txhab ua ke. Kev tso ntshav los lawm. Txhawm rau rov kho qhov txhab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lawv rov siv nanoparticles hauv daim ntawv ntawm zaj duab xis tshwj xeeb, uas tau siv rau ntawm qhov txhab thiab nres ntshav. Ob qhov xwm txheej tau zoo rau cov nas, lub siab ua haujlwm tau rov zoo, thiab cov tsiaj lawv tus kheej tseem muaj txoj sia nyob.
Txoj hauv kev ntawm kev nplaum tau qhia nws qhov tshwj xeeb, vim tias nws muaj peev xwm cog lus rau ntau yam kev siv tshuaj kho mob. Txhawm rau kom tau txais nanoparticles, Fab Kis siv hlau oxides thiab silicon dioxide, uas tuaj yeem nqus tau yooj yim los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Yav tom ntej, txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem yooj yim ua ke rau hauv kev tshawb fawb tam sim no rau kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kho. Yog tias ua tiav, nws tuaj yeem hloov kho kev kho mob.
Synthetic collagen rau qhov txhab kho
Collagen yog cov protein fibrillar uas muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb hauv qib siab. Collagen molecules tau tsim los ntawm triple helix, uas muaj cov polypeptide saw. Hauv tib neeg lub cev, cov khoom no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev, tsim cov qauv ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas thiab muab cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov elasticity thiab lub zog. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm collagen yog nws lub peev xwm los ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm cov nplaum thiab coagulation ntawm platelets. Cov khoom no tau siv hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, tab sis cov kws kho mob yuav tsum siv cov collagen ntuj, uas tau los ntawm tsiaj, feem ntau yog los ntawm nyuj. Xws li collagen ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau ntxiv, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, ua xua, lossis ua tus nqa khoom ntawm kev kis mob.
Hauv Asmeskas kev sim tshuaj ntawm Jeffrey Hartgerink ntawm William Marsh Rice University (tsev kawm ntiag tug Asmeskas tshawb fawb nyob hauv Houston) ntau xyoo dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txais collagen ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev, nws tau pom tias qhov tshiab hydrogel raws li cov khoom siv hluavtaws collagen tuaj yeem khi cov platelets rau ib leeg, ua rau lawv lub peev xwm los sib sau ua ke. Qhov no ua kom nrawm dua cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso ntshav tawm, thaum cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem mob.
Qhov tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov khoom sib sau ua ke sib txawv cov khoom tsim hauv Houston los ntawm ntau qhov kev lag luam sib piv. Ib qho ntxiv, cov khoom no tsis tuaj yeem siv los tso ntshav loj, cov khoom siv hluavtaws collagen yuav tsis hloov pauv cov ntaub qhwv nruj thiab ncig ncig ncig, tab sis hauv chav kho mob hauv chav kho mob nws nyuaj heev los nrhiav ib qho kev sib piv rau cov tshuaj no kom tsis txhob phais ntshav.
Ntxiv rau daim ntawv thov phais mob ncaj qha, Hartgerink thiab nws cov npoj yaig tab tom txiav txim siab qhov muaj peev xwm siv cov khoom siv tshiab los kho qhov txhab me me thiab txhawb nqa qhov txhab. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias collagen hluavtaws tuaj yeem tsim lub hauv paus rau kev txuas ntawm txhua hom cell thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tshiab. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li qhov kev siv tshwj xeeb. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog thiab kev siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom cua collagen yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev lav paub ntxiv ntawm kev ua tiav.
Kev siv cov khoom siv niaj hnub no hauv tshuaj
Thaj chaw siv cov khoom siv lom tshiab, suav nrog cov raws nanoparticles, yog qhov dav heev txawm tias nyob hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj, tab sis nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua panacea tiag tiag hauv kev phais. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntseeg tias cov tshuaj tshiab yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntshav ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab lub paj hlwb, ntawm lub plab plab, thiab kho hniav. Tam sim no, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab thiab thaum tshem tawm cov ntawv loj los ntawm lub cev, txhua tus neeg pab them nqi ntau rau kev sim kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
Cov txheej txheem siv niaj hnub no tsis ua tiav zoo, peb tab tom tham txog lub teeb khov thiab nqus cov ntaub so. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntshav poob tsis yog ib txwm them rov qab rau tus neeg mob, tsis hais txog qhov poob lub sijhawm thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov ntshav khaws cia. Kev qhia txog cov tshuaj lom neeg tshiab thiab nano-tshuaj tuaj yeem txo qis lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, txo cov ntshav uas xav tau rau kev tso ntshav, tshem tawm qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov kws kho mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab leeg. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov muaj peev xwm qhia kev kis tus kab mob rau hauv lub qhov txhab raug txo, piv txwv li, thaum ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab lossis hnyuv.
Ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb ntawm kev thov cov ntaub ntawv nanomaterials tshiab, uas tuaj yeem nres cov ntshav sai sai thiab kho qhov txhab, yog ntau yam kev pabcuam cawm neeg. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los ntawm pab pawg cawm neeg txoj kev raug xwm txheej hauv tsheb thiab tsheb nqaj hlau, lub dav hlau thiab tsheb sib tsoo, thaum muaj xwm txheej ntuj thiab tib neeg tsim, nrog rau kev siv tshuaj kho mob tub rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab raws nanotechnology tsis plam lawv lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb txawm tias muaj sijhawm ntev txaus.
Cov khoom siv nano niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv collagen, lossis peptide hluavtaws, kuj muaj cov cuab yeej zoo heev uas muaj peev xwm ua kom tawg hauv cov hlab ntshav ntau lub sijhawm, thaum feem ntau cov tshuaj niaj hnub siv rau kev tso ntshav los nyob hauv tib neeg lub cev tau ntev. Qhov no ntawm kev siv cov nanopreparations niaj hnub no (lawv tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab ntau tus lej ntxiv) xav tau kev sim ntxiv. Tab sis nws yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tias cov tshuaj no yog yav tom ntej ntawm cov tshuaj.
