Russia nyob hauv ib ntawm thawj qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb rau kev xa tawm ntawm caj npab thiab khoom siv tub rog. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev xa khoom tawm yog kev tsim nkoj thiab nkoj submarines rau cov tub rog rog ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Ib qho ntxiv, cov neeg siv khoom ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj thiab cov nkoj submarines tau txais cov riam phom tsim nyog: cuaj luaj, torpedoes, thiab lwm yam. Txog rau hnub tim, kev ua lag luam rau riam phom tub rog, suav nrog torpedoes, yog nyob rau qhov xwm txheej nyuaj. Kev ua lag luam twb tau faib los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb, tab sis qee cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tshiab tau sim thim rov qab los ntawm lawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tuam txhab Lavxias tseem tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Tom qab kev tawg ntawm Soviet Union, kev lag luam torpedo hauv tsev pom nws tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej nyuaj heev. Ob qho kev npaj ua torpedoes thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv chav nyob tau tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom uas tseem nyob hauv cov xeev tshiab uas muaj kev ywj pheej. Piv txwv li, Fizpribory cog (tam sim no TNK Dastan) tseem nyob hauv Kyrgyzstan, thiab Machine-Building Plant tau muaj npe tom qab Kirov tuaj nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm Kazakhstan. Txhua yam no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsim tawm nrog rau qhov tsis zoo rau kev tsim thiab tsim riam phom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tuam txhab tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws Russia thiab CIS lub tebchaws tau raug yuam kom ua raws li kev sib tsoo ntawm lub tebchaws sib xws thiab tau siv rau ib puag ncig tshiab.
Pom pom lawv tus kheej hauv qhov xwm txheej nyuaj, cov tuam txhab lag luam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tsis tso tseg lawv cov haujlwm. Qee lub koom haum tsom mus rau lawv txoj kev mob siab rau tsim cov phiaj xwm tshiab, uas ua rau muaj tshwm sim ntawm cov kev cog lus cog tseg uas yuav muaj kev txaus siab rau ob tus neeg hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau xyoo nineties thiab ob txhiab xyoo, muaj coob tus tshiab torpedoes tau tsim, suav nrog cov uas yog kev sib hloov tshiab ntawm cov riam phom uas twb muaj lawm, qee qhov uas tau mus txog ntau lawm.
Thauj khoom 53-65K torpedo mus rau hauv lub nkoj submarine. Yees duab Flot.sevastopol.info
Piv txwv li, St. Petersburg Lub Tsev Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb Hauv Nroog "Gidropribor" txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm khov yav dhau los, uas ua rau pom muaj tsib lub torpedoes tshiab. Cov khoom TT-1, TE-2, TT-3, TT-4 thiab TT-5 nrog cov cua sov (TT) thiab hluav taws xob (TE) cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib txawv hauv qhov muaj peev xwm thiab lwm qhov ntev, lub taub hau hnyav, thiab lwm yam. Yog li, TT-4 lub torpedo tau me me thiab muaj lub peev xwm ntawm 324 mm, thiab cov khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm tsev neeg yog 650-mm TT-5. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua qhov haujlwm tshiab tau tsim. Piv txwv li, qhov me me TT-4 tsis tau hais hauv cov ntaub ntawv raug cai txij li qhov kawg ntawm kaum xyoo dhau los. Hloov chaw, qhov sib thooj sib luag yog nyob ntawm UMGT-ME cov khoom.
Dvigatel cog (St. Petersburg), uas tam sim no tau dhau los ua kev faib ntawm Gidropribor nyob rau hauv lub nineties, ntawm nws tus kheej modernized serial torpedoes TEST-71M thiab SET-65. Vim tias siv qee yam khoom tshiab, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm riam phom no rau qee yam.
GNPP "Cheeb Tsam", tam sim no yog ib feem ntawm Kev Nyuaj Siab "Tactical Missile Armament", txuas ntxiv kev txhim kho dav hlau torpedoes ntawm ntau hom. Yog li, ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm APR-2E cov khoom, APR-2ME torpedo tau tshwm sim, muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tob tob. Cov khoom APR-3E thiab APR-3ME, vim qee qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab, tau txais cov yam ntxwv zoo dua hauv kev sib piv nrog "ob leeg".
Xyoo 2001, lub taub hau ntawm cov tuam txhab "Cheeb Tsam", "Dagdizel" thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Marine Engineering tau txiav txim siab pib ua haujlwm tshawb fawb ua ke "Malyshka". Raws li ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm no, nws tau npaj los tsim kho lub torpedo me me tshiab, uas tau txais qhov ntsuas MTT. Tom qab ntawd, qhov pib ua haujlwm ntawm txoj haujlwm tau tsim, uas tau txais kev pom zoo thiab dhau los ua qhov laj thawj rau kev pib ntawm ob peb qhov kev tshawb fawb tshiab thiab kev txhim kho. Lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb yog suav nrog MTT torpedo hauv cov npe riam phom tso cai rau xa tawm. Qhov xwm txheej no tau tshwm sim thaum pib lub Cuaj Hli 2003.
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias yuav luag tag nrho cov phiaj xwm hais los no tau hloov kho tshiab uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua lag luam. Ib qho ntxiv, qee qhov haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau ntau qhov tshiab. Yog li, twb tau hais txog TE-2 torpedo yog kev hloov pauv xa tawm ntawm USET-80 cov khoom. Ib qho ntxiv, nws tau paub tias los ntawm TE-2, UETT torpedo tau tsim tom qab, uas txawv ntawm nws hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv nkoj.
Xyoo kaum xyoo tam sim no tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov zoo rau kev lag luam riam phom thoob ntiaj teb. Muaj qhov nce zuj zus hauv qhov ntim tag nrho ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm torpedoes tsim tawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Ib qho ntxiv, kev txhim kho tshiab hauv thaj chaw no tsis tu ncua tshwm ntawm kev nthuav tawm thoob ntiaj teb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tuam txhab Lavxias, txawm hais tias qee qhov teeb meem ntawm kaum xyoo dhau los, muaj txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm kev ua lag luam, ntseeg siab ua tus lej ntawm cov khoom siv riam phom.
Raws li muaj cov ntaub ntawv, txij xyoo 2010 txog 2014, Lavxias kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam tsim thiab muab rau cov neeg siv khoom 250 torpedoes ntawm ntau hom. Qhov thib ob hauv kev hais txog kev xa khoom yog nqa los ntawm Italian lub tuam txhab WASS, uas tau muab 60 torpedoes. Qhov ntim ntawm kev tsim tawm cov khoom siv torpedoes hauv Tebchaws Meskas tsis tshaj 40 units. Peb lub kaum os torpedoes tau muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab German.
Phau ntawv xaj ntawm cov tuam txhab Lavxias tseem saib zoo. Raws li pib ntawm lub xyoo no, Russia tau muab 70 ntau lub torpedoes rau nws cov neeg siv khoom. Tebchaws Asmeskas cov ntaub ntawv, nyeg, muaj ob qhov kev xaj nrog tag nrho cov ntim me ntsis tsawg dua ib puas torpedoes. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog 48 lub torpedoes los ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv yuav tsum cia siab tias yuav xa tuaj. Taiwan qhov kev xaj rau 50 riam phom tsis tau ua tiav ntev vim qhov xwm txheej nyuaj hauv cheeb tsam Asia-Pacific.
Thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm raug tshuaj xyuas, kev txiav txim los ntawm Algeria yog lub zog zoo rau Russia los ua thawj ntawm cov neeg xa khoom ntawm torpedoes. Raws li daim ntawv cog lus no, ntau lub tuam txhab Lavxias hauv xyoo 2010 tau muab rau cov neeg siv khoom 40 TEST-71ME-NK torpedoes thiab tib tus lej ntawm 53-65K cov khoom.
Tsis tas li, 80 lub torpedoes tau xa mus rau Is Nrias teb. Qhov kev txiav txim Isdias cuam tshuam txog kev muab plaub lub kaum pob torpedoes ntawm ob hom: UGST thiab TE-2. Nyab Laj tau dhau los ua lwm tus neeg siv khoom loj, uas yog tau txais 160 torpedoes ntawm ntau hom hauv ob peb xyoos. Txog thaum kawg xyoo tas los, Nyab Laj tau txais 45 TE-2 thiab 53-65K torpedoes txhua. Ib qho ntxiv, daim ntawv cog lus tam sim no muab rau kev xa khoom ntawm 50 3M-54E cov foob pob tiv thaiv nkoj, me ntsis ntau dua li ib nrab ntawm cov uas tau tsim tawm thaum pib xyoo no.
Tam sim no, muaj qhov xwm txheej xav paub ntawm kev ua lag luam torpedo riam phom. Feem ntau cov neeg xa khoom loj torpedo tau txiav kev tsim khoom vim tsis muaj daim ntawv cog lus loj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Russia thiab Tebchaws Meskas tab tom tsim cov khoom lag luam, ua tiav ntau thiab ntau qhov kev txiav txim tshiab. Tej zaum, qhov xwm txheej no yuav nyob mus li ob peb xyoos tom ntej, tom qab ntawd nws yuav pib hloov pauv.
Xov xwm ceeb toom rau cov neeg tsim khoom nyob rau xyoo tas los no tau los ntawm Asia sab hnub tuaj. Raws li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm zaum kawg, Tuam Tshoj tau txais ntau qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho lub nkoj submarines rau peb lub tebchaws. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias cov submarines no yuav muaj riam phom nrog Suav ua lub torpedoes. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg loj thib peb tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv khw. Vim li no, txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam Lavxias yuav poob qis lossis nyob twj ywm hauv tib qib yam tsis tau hnov dua. Tib txoj kev twv ua ntej tuaj yeem ua rau Asmeskas daim ntawv cog lus torpedo. Thaum kawg, cov tebchaws thib peb uas tsis muaj daim ntawv cog lus loj tuaj yeem yuav luag tag nrho tawm ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev cog lus Suav yav tom ntej, yog tias muaj, tseem tsis tau paub. Cov thawj coj ua lag luam tseem yog Russia thiab Asmeskas, thiab kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm qhov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem loj. Ib txoj hauv kev lossis lwm qhov, kev sib koom ua lag luam tsis yog qhov laj thawj rau "so ntawm peb cov laurels". Kev tsim kho cov cuab yeej torpedo yuav tsum txuas ntxiv txhawm rau tswj hwm lossis txhim kho nws txoj haujlwm kev lag luam.
