Muaj ntau qhov tsis nkag siab hauv keeb kwm ntawm rab phom no, txij li lub sijhawm txhim kho, pib nrog lub peev xwm thiab xaus nrog qhov tshwm sim thaum kawg. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tshwm sim, tsis yog?
85 mm caliber tuaj qhov twg los, nws tsis muaj peev xwm tsim tau txhua. Cov peev txheej feem ntau ntsiag to ntawm cov ncauj lus no, zoo li yog ib tus neeg tsuas yog coj nws thiab txiav txim siab los tsim qee yam zoo li ntawd. Tsuas yog qhov ntau lossis tsawg dua tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus pib yog Askiv 18-phaus (83.8 mm lossis 3.3 ) QF rab phom ntawm 1904 tus qauv, uas yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm 13-pounder (76.2 mm) rab phom thiab nyiam nws heev hauv txhua yam tshwj tsis yog qhov loj.
Tus lej ntawm cov riam phom no tau poob rau hauv Pab Tub Rog Liab thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Ob, thiab tseem tau ua haujlwm nrog Baltic xeev.
Txog rau xyoo 1938, tsis muaj ib rab phom loj txog 85 mm nyob rau hauv cov phom loj ntawm Lavxias. Qee zaum nws tau tshwm sim hauv cov phiaj xwm kos duab, tab sis nws tseem tsis tau los txog rau kev sib tw. Nws zoo nkaus li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev ntsuas no tau dhau los ua qhov yuam kev.
Xyoo 1937/1938, cov kws tsim qauv ntawm Tsob Ntoo No. 8 txiav txim siab siv qhov kev nyab xeeb zoo tso rau hauv kev tsim los ntawm German Rheinmetall cannon, uas peb tau siv raws li lub npe 76-mm Anti-Aircraft Cannon Model 1931. thiab ua kom nws lub peev xwm.
Raws li kev suav, qhov txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm uas tuaj yeem tso rau hauv lub raj ntawm 76-mm rab phom yog 85 mm. Kev nkag siab txog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dav hlau tiv thaiv nruab nrab yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig, yog li 85-hli rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau pib ua rau ntau lawm ua ntej tsov rog.
Tab sis qhov no, kuv rov hais dua, tsuas yog kev xav xwb.
Nws kuj tseem nyuaj hais tias yog vim li cas pab tub rog liab tsis txaus siab rau rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 76-hli tshiab uas tsim los ntawm Loginov, uas yog kho dua tshiab ntawm 3-K rab phom, uas peb twb tau sau txog lawm.
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 76-hli ntawm xyoo 1938 tus qauv tsuas yog muab tso rau hauv kev siv thaum 85-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm xyoo 1939 tus qauv hloov tam sim ntawd.
Tus kws tsim qauv GD Dorokhin tau coj los txhim kho tib lub Loginov-rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 76 hli ntawm xyoo 1938 ua qauv. Dorokhin tau thov kom tso lub foob pob 85-mm tshiab rau ntawm lub phom 76-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau, siv nws cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab cov khoom siv ib nrab.
Cov kev ntsuas pom tias xav tau kev hloov pauv ntxiv los ntawm kev nce hauv qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov projectile, qhov hnyav ntawm cov hmoov hmoov thiab qhov hnyav ntawm kev teeb tsa nws tus kheej. Tom qab nce qhov txhawb nqa ntawm cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub qhov (socket), nrog rau txhim kho lub qhov ncauj nres, rab phom tau txais los ntawm Red Army raws li lub npe 85-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom mod. 1939g ib. sau 52k.
Ntau tus kws sau ntawv sau tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tshiab yog nws qhov kev siv tau zoo: 52-K tsis tsim nyog rau hluav taws ntawm cov dav hlau ua yeeb ncuab, tab sis kuj tseem ua tiav siv phom tiv thaiv lub tank, tua ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv cov tsheb nrog ncaj qha hluav taws
Xav txog tias 52-K tau txais txhua lub tswv yim los ntawm 76 mm rab phom, txhua yam yeej muaj tseeb ib yam rau nws cov neeg ua ntej. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv lub foob pob hluav taws muaj zog dua thiab them nyiaj ntau tau muab cov cuab yeej nkag mus ntau dua piv rau rab phom 76-mm.
Cov phom loj 76-mm tau tua cov foob pob tawg loj thiab cov cuab yeej ua phom. Txog rau rab phom 85-mm, 53-UBR-365K cov cuab yeej siv tho qhov cuab lub taub hau ntsais ntsais ntsais thiab 53-UBR-365P cov cuab yeej siv ntsaum tracer sabot projectile tau tsim.
Ntawm rab phom 76-mm, rab riam phom uas siv rab phom loj nrog lub hauv paus pib ntawm 816 m / s ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m thim cov cuab yeej nrog tuab ntawm 78 hli, thiab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1000 m-68 hli. Qhov kev tua ncaj qha yog 975 m.
Lub plhaub rau rab phom 85 mm muaj kev ua tau zoo dua.
Thaum tua ntawm lub kaum sab xis 60 °, 9, 2-kg projectile nkag mus rau tej cuab yeej txog 100 hli tuab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, 90 mm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m, thiab 85 mm ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1000 m.
Ntawm lub rooj sib tham lub kaum sab xis ntawm 96 ° ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej ua kom tuab txog li 120 hli yog qhov ua tau zoo, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m - 110 mm, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1000 m - 100 mm.
85-hli cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej cuab tam uas hnyav 4, 99 kg muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo dua.
Kev tua ntau ntawm 85mm rab phom kuj tseem me dua li rab phom 76mm. Hauv qhov siab: 10230 m, ntawm qhov deb: 15650 m, rau rab phom 76-mm, feem, hauv qhov siab: 9250 m, ntawm qhov deb: 14600 m.
Thawj qhov nrawm ntawm qhov projectile yog kwv yees sib npaug, hauv thaj tsam ntawm 800 m / s.
Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws hloov tawm tias qhov pom ntawm rab phom 85-mm tau raug txiav txim. Raws li qee qhov nrawm hauv kev txhim kho yog qhov ncaj ncees. Phom tuaj tawm muaj zog dua, tam sim ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom plaub lub log, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank thaum lub sijhawm pom cov tso tsheb hlau hnyav los ntawm cov neeg German xyoo 1942/43.
Kev tsim cov tshiab, plaub-log log platform ZU-8 ua rau nws muaj peev xwm thauj rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau mus nrawm txog 50 km / h, tsis yog 35 km / h hauv nws cov neeg ua ntej. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tseem tau poob qis (1 feeb 20 vib nas this piv rau 5 feeb rau 76 mm 3-K rab phom).
Ib qho ntxiv, 52-K tau ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim D-5 thiab ZIS-S-53 cov phom phom, uas tom qab tau teeb tsa ntawm SU-85 cov phom tua tus kheej thiab ntawm T-34-85, KV-85 thiab IS-1 tso tsheb hlau luam.
Feem ntau, rau nws lub sijhawm, uas suav nrog ob lub peev xwm tsim qauv thiab muaj peev xwm ua lag luam, rab phom 52-K zoo heev.
Kuv yuav hais ntau ntxiv: nws tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1941-1944. Xyoo 1942, thaum cov neeg German muaj "tsov", 52-K tsuas yog riam phom uas tuaj yeem tsoo cov tso tsheb hlau luam no yuav luag tsis muaj teeb meem.
Lub plhaub los ntawm rab phom 76-mm tuaj yeem nkag mus rau Tsov tus sab ntawm 300 metres, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd, nrog 30% qhov tshwm sim. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub plhaub ntawm rab phom 85-mm zoo heev tso siab rau Tsov los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1 km mus rau qhov kev npaj ua ntej.
Xyoo 1944, kev hloov kho tshiab tau ua tiav, uas txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm 52-K, tab sis tsis mus rau hauv koob vim qhov tseeb tias qhov xav tau sai tau ploj mus lawm.
Hauv tag nrho, rau lub sijhawm txij xyoo 1939 txog 1945, kev lag luam ntawm USSR tsim 14,422 52-K phom.
Tom qab kev tshem tawm, rab phom tau nthuav dav rau txawv teb chaws. Thiab nws muag zoo nkauj heev.
Thiab txawm tias nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm, 52-K tau ua tiav zoo siv ua phom avalanche.
Hauv peb lub sijhawm, qhov ua tau zoo thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm 85-mm Soviet thiab German 88-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tham ntau zaus. Qhov tseeb, "akht-komma-aht" tau npog nws tus kheej nrog lub yeeb koob thiab tau txais lub koob npe nrov ua riam phom zoo. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog 52-K tsis muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua rau nws. Thiab zoo ib yam nws tau tso lub dav hlau German rau hauv av thiab nres tso tsheb hlau luam.
Nws tsis tsim nyog rov hais dua, qhov tseeb yog rab phom tawm los zoo heev, txiav txim los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig.
