Rov qab rau hauv Soviet lub sijhawm, ntau qhov chaw ceeb toom ceeb toom thaum ntxov tau tsim nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, tsim los taug qab cov chaw muaj peev xwm ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub tswv yim tua phom. Tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Soviet Union, feem ntau ntawm cov chaw no tau xaus rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov xeev muaj hwj chim, uas ua rau xav tau tus nqi xauj tsev ntxiv. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no ua rau peb lub tebchaws tsis muaj kev xaiv: rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tag nrho lub xeev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los them rau cov neeg nyob sib ze tshiab, lossis tsim lub ntiaj teb radars dhau ntawm nws thaj chaw. Txog rau qee lub sijhawm, Russia tsis muaj lub sijhawm los nqis peev hauv kev txhim kho thiab tsim kho cov txheej txheem tshiab, yog li dhau sijhawm, nws cov neeg nyob sib ze, yog li tham, tau siv los them nqi xauj tsev tas li.
Nyob rau hnub tsis ntev los no, lub ncauj lus hais txog ntawm lub ntuj ceeb tsheej ceeb toom ceeb toom radars tau tshwm sim dua hauv xov xwm pub. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog nqe lus ntawm Ministry of Foreign Affairs ntawm Azerbaijan. Raws li nom tswv Baku, tub rog Lavxias tab tom ncua kev ua haujlwm ntawm chaw nres tsheb Gabala radar (Daryal project). Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib tham ntawm Russia thiab Azerbaijan: thaum sib tham txog kev txuas ntxiv qhov kev pom zoo ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb radar no, cov tebchaws tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo txog qhov nqi xauj tsev. Vim li no, kev khiav haujlwm ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb tsawg kawg ib ntus.
Cov xov xwm zoo li no txog kev tiv thaiv daim npog tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lub tebchaws tam sim ntawd ua rau muaj kev tsis meej pem. Yog lawm, Gabala "Daryal" twb dhau mus lawm thiab yuav tsum tau hloov pauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov lus thov tau tawm tsam Lavxias lub chaw haujlwm tub rog, suav nrog kev tsis lees paub lub tswv yim ntawm kev tso tseg qhov chaw nres tsheb. Qhov kev tawm tsam no yog nkag siab heev: qhov kev ceeb toom foob pob hluav taws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tebchaws kom muaj kev lag luam, cov txiaj ntsig hauv daim ntawv ntawm 14-15 lab nyiaj daus las hauv ib xyoos tsis tsim nyog rau kev nqis peev poob. Nws yuav tsum tau lees paub tias tseem muaj qee qhov poob los ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm Gabala lub chaw nres tsheb radar. Tab sis, hmoov zoo rau kev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv ntawm Russia, cov kev poob no yuav tsis zoo heev thiaj li tsis txhob tso lub chaw nres tsheb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Azerbaijan.
Hauv lub xyoo thaum peb cov tub rog siv chaw nres tsheb ntawm thaj av ntawm cov xeev ywj pheej, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws thiab kws tshaj lij los ntawm V. I. Tus kws qhia ntawv A. L. Mints thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Koom Haum ntawm Kev Sib Txuas Xov Tooj Cua Ntev tau tsim ntau qhov haujlwm tshiab ntawm lub dav hlau radar dhau ntawm Voronezh tsev neeg, uas twb tau hloov pauv Soviet-ua kom nyuaj. Lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb ntawm Voronezh cov chaw nres tsheb radar yog lawv qib siab ntawm kev npaj ua haujlwm hauv Hoobkas. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev tsim kho thiab kho lub chaw nres tsheb siv sijhawm tsawg dua li kev tsim kho lub radar ntawm cov haujlwm yav dhau los. Tam sim no, muaj peb qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb no: Voronezh-M, ua haujlwm hauv qhov ntsuas ntau, Voronezh-DM, siv decimeter nthwv dej, thiab cia siab tias yuav muaj peev xwm loj Voronezh-VP. Radar noj ntawm Voronezh tsev neeg muaj qhov pom ntau txog 5, 5-6 txhiab kilometers. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua li cov chaw dhau los. Yog li, Gabala "Daryal" xav tau txog 50 megawatts ntawm lub zog, thiab "Voronezh" xav tau tsuas yog 0.7-0.8 MW. Nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob, ob lub chaw nres tsheb muaj kwv yees li sib npaug ntawm cov yam ntxwv. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ceeb toom cov thev naus laus zis yooj yim ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb tshiab. "Voronezh", nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov kho, suav nrog 25-30 tus qauv, thiab tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm cov khoom sib dhos thiab sib dhos ntawm "Daryala" ntau dua plaub txhiab. Txhua qhov no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tus nqi ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb tiav: kev tsim thiab teeb tsa ntawm Voronezh tsis raug nqi ntau dua 1.5-2 txhiab rubles, uas yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj dua pheej yig dua li kev tsim thiab teeb tsa ntawm Daryal.
Txij li thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2009, Voronezh-DM txoj haujlwm chaw nres tsheb tau raug sim ua haujlwm ze Armavir raws li kev hloov chaw rau chaw nres tsheb Gabala radar. Nws qhov kev pom ib nrab sib tshooj nrog thaj chaw ntawm chaw nres tsheb radar hauv Gabala, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tso tseg qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv Azerbaijan tam sim no. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Armavir chaw nres tsheb suav nrog North Africa, yav qab teb Europe, thiab Middle East. Tam sim no, lub chaw nres tsheb radar ze Armavir tab tom npaj rau theem kawg ntawm kev sim thiab yuav sai sai no los ntawm cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua. Xyoo tom ntej, Armavir radar complex yuav tau txais ib qho chaw nres tsheb ntxiv, uas yuav ua rau nws pom tau zoo dua. Ntau xyoo ua ntej pib ua haujlwm Voronezh-DM hauv Krasnodar Thaj Chaw, ze ntawm lub zos Lekhtusi (Leningrad Region), chaw nres tsheb ntawm Voronezh-M project tau tsim, tshuaj xyuas thaj tsam North Atlantic, hiav txwv sab qaum teb, Scandinavia, Askiv Isles, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum kawg ntawm Kaum Ib Hlis xyoo tas los, lwm qhov chaw hla lub radar chaw ntawm Voronezh-DM project tau ua haujlwm, nyob ze rau lub nroog Pionersky hauv cheeb tsam Kaliningrad. Qhov chaw nres tsheb no npog thaj chaw ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm "Volga" radar ze Baranovichi (Belarus) thiab "Dnepr" ze rau lub nroog Mukachevo (Ukraine). Yog li, ib lub chaw kuaj pom ntxov ntxov tshiab yuav hloov ob lub qub qub ib zaug thiab tshem tawm qhov xav tau xauj tsev los ntawm cov xeev nyob sib ze. Txij li lub Tsib Hlis xyoo no, lwm qhov "Voronezh-M", nyob ze Usolye-Sibirskiy (cheeb tsam Irkutsk), tau ua tiav kev sim ua tub rog. Cov khoom no txawv ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm nws txoj haujlwm hauv thaj chaw loj dua ntawm lub kav hlau txais xov thiab, vim li ntawd, hauv qhov pom dav. Ua tsaug rau ntu ntu kav hlau txais xov (lwm Voronezhs muaj peb ntu), lub chaw nres tsheb radar hauv cheeb tsam Irkutsk tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov chaw ntawm Alaska mus rau Is Nrias teb, ib nrab npog thaj tsam ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb uas tsis tau ua haujlwm rau ntev nyob ze lub nroog Balkhash-9 (Kazakhstan).
Hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, Ministry of Defense npaj yuav tsim ntau lub chaw haujlwm ntawm Voronezh project. Ib ntawm lawv yuav nyob ze lub nroog Pechora (Komi Republic) thiab yuav hloov chaw qub chaw ntawm Daryal project, thiab lwm qhov yuav hloov Dniester hauv cheeb tsam Murmansk. Tsis tas li, kev tsim kho Voronezh ze Barnaul thiab Yeniseisk yuav pib sai sai no. Yog li, cov chaw ceeb toom ceeb toom foob pob hluav taws tshiab yuav kaw yuav luag txhua txoj kev phom sij. Cov chaw nres tsheb tau teeb tsa hauv 2013 tuaj yeem tsim, sim thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm 2017-18 feem ntau. Cov lus luv luv ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog vim tau hais txog qhov yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis ntawm kev tsim. Ua ke nrog kev txhawb nqa nyiaj txiag kom rov tsim kho lub foob pob hluav taws Lavxias ceeb toom, cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm Voronezh ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov pauv tag nrho cov qub radar dhau lub hnub qub, ua haujlwm yam tsis poob lub sijhawm, tus nqi lossis qhov zoo.
Tsuas muaj ib lo lus nug nkaus xwb: yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau cov chaw nres tsheb nyob sab nraum ciam teb? Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Voronezh tshiab tseem yuav tso cai rau kev siv qee yam ntawm lawv yam tsis tsim nyog, tsis tsim nyog, tsis yooj yim ntxiv thiab cov nqi ntxiv hauv daim ntawv xauj tsev. Yog li Russia tuaj yeem tso lawv tseg thiab tsis poob dab tsi. Ib qho ntxiv, lub radars tshiab ntawm lawv thaj chaw tuaj yeem siv ua hom trump card hauv kev ua nom ua tswv. Cov xeev nyob sib ze - Ukraine, Belarus lossis Azerbaijan - thaum txuas ntxiv hais txog kev nce nqi ntawm kev xaum lawv cov chaw nres tsheb, tuaj yeem sib tham txog qhov uas Moscow yuav tsis kam them nyiaj thiab chaw nres tsheb lawv tus kheej. Vim li no, cov xeev nyob sib ze, tsis xav plam nyiaj ntau, yuav raug yuam kom txo nqi xauj tsev txhawm rau khaws cov khoom lag luam zoo li no.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, tag nrho cov xwm txheej nrog lub foob pob hluav taws hauv tsev ceeb toom ceeb toom tau mus raws nraim li cov ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm phau ntawv qhia txog kev lag luam. Xav tau radars dhau lub qab ntug, peb lub tebchaws tsis txaus siab lossis tsis tuaj yeem nqis peev hauv kev txhim kho thiab tsim kho tshiab ntawm nws thaj chaw. Vim li no, peb tseem raug yuam kom them, tab sis tam sim no rau txawv teb chaws tam sim no lub xeev ywj pheej rau txoj cai los xauj cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm. Tam sim no Russia muaj txoj hauv kev los nqis peev yav tom ntej, thiab peb yuav tsis tso tseg sai sai ntawm kev xauj tsev ntawm cov khoom qub, hloov pauv mus rau kev siv cov chaw radar nyob ntawm nws tus kheej ib puag ncig. Thiab tseem nws tsis txaus siab heev vim los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm xyoo dhau los, kev tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm cov chaw ceeb toom nres tseem tsis tau tshwm sim thiab tseem tsuas yog xav tau.
