Artillery txheej txheem cej luam. Ntu 5. Towed systems

2024 Tus sau: Matthew Elmers | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 22:12

Qhov uas rub cov phom loj yog qhov ua tau zoo rau hnub no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nkag siab qee qhov kev ua tub rog. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm huab cua, qhov kawg 155mm lossis lub teeb 105mm rab phom tseem yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov phom hnyav, txawm hais tias cov mos txwv muab yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm no.

Txawm hais tias Lub Teeb Hluav Taws Xob tsis nyob hauv kev tsim khoom lawm, nws tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau pab tub rog raws li lub npe L118. Cov tub rog Asmeskas tau ua tub rog nrog L119 qhov sib txawv, uas tuaj yeem tua M1 mos txwv.

Txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov hnyav txwv tsis pub muaj nyob hauv cov tub rog caij tsheb, 155-mm cov phom loj, raws li txoj cai, tau nruab nrog 39 lub tog raj kheej. txaus rau hom haujlwm no. Lub cim tshiab kawg ntawm cov phom rab phom muaj 52 lub thoob, uas ib txwm ua rau ntau qhov kev tua. Yuav ua li cas siv tau cov kev daws teeb meem yog thaum muab piv rau lawv nrog cov kab ke teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom nrog rau tib lub phom loj, ib tus tuaj yeem kwv yees xwb. Qee cov tub rog tau thawb rab phom rub tom qab lub tsheb kom muab rab phom tso rau ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom. Tab sis, ntau 155-mm systems ntawm caliber 39 tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam txawm tias nyob hauv cov tub rog ntawm thawj lub tebchaws; Feem ntau, cov peev txheej tsawg tseem yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov kev xaiv no.

Is Nrias teb qhov xav tau dav dav rau cov tshuab siv rab phom loj yog loj heev, thiab cov phom loj uas rub tawm tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Hauv kev sim, uas tau xaus rau lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2014, ob 155 mm / 52 systems tau koom nrog: Trajan los ntawm Nexter thiab Athos los ntawm Elbit Systems. Lub caij no, txhawm rau txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem kev txheeb xyuas hauv xyoo 2013, lawv cov neeg sib tw tau sim nrog lub luv dua 45 caliber chim thiab thaj tsam ntawm 38 km, uas yog kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm Bofors FH77B howitzer tsim hauv Is Nrias teb. Cov tub rog Indian tau xaj 116 ntawm cov phom no los ntawm Ordnance Factories, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm yuav tau yuav lwm 300 rab phom. TGS (Towed Gun System) ib feem ntawm Indian Army Modernization Plan yog cov zaub mov qab heev, vim Delhi yuav tsum yuav txog 1,580 lub tshuab. Is Nrias teb tsis ntev los no tau tshem qhov txwv rau ntau tus neeg tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, suav nrog lwm lub chaw tsim khoom siv phom loj, txawm tias yog chav kawm hnyav dua, South Africa tuam txhab Denel. Ntxiv nrog rau kev yuav khoom "hnyav" ua haujlwm li cas, Delhi tseem npaj yuav yuav 145 M777 lub teeb pom kev zoo kawg nkaus, tab sis qhov ncua hauv txoj haujlwm no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias BAE Systems txwv tsis pub siv ultralight howitzers, uas, nrog rau kev txaus siab ntawm daus, tau nce qhov kwv yees peev nyiaj ntawm qhov haujlwm no. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2015, BAE Systems tau hais kom tshem tag nrho M777 txoj kab sib dhos los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas mus rau Is Nrias teb txhawm rau txhawm rau daws qee qhov teeb meem no thiab muab kev hloov pauv ntau dua ntawm cov suab nrov rau cov neeg siv khoom. Nws tseem tsis tau paub meej ntau npaum li cas qhov no yuav pab rov pib txheej txheem ntawm kev yuav khoom li cas.

Lub tshuab M777 tau tsim los muab rau Asmeskas Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Tub Rog nrog 155mm lub dav hlau phom loj los ua kom hnyav dua M198 howitzer. Qhov hnyav txwv ntawm 10,000 lb (4,218 kg) tau hais tseg, thiab ib qho xwm txheej tau ua tias tib lub titanium thiab aluminium alloy siv hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem yav dhau los tau siv hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab. Vim yog qhov tseeb tias M777 tsis tau txais kev txhawb nqa lub zog, nws yuav tsum tau thauj ntawm qhov kev ncua ntawm CH-53E thiab CH-47D lub dav hlau helicopters thiab nyob hauv MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor thiab C-130 thauj dav hlau. Lub tsheb tiv thaiv Humvee yog txaus rau kev rub luv luv, txawm hais tias yuav tsum tau siv lub tsheb hnyav dua rau kev mus deb. M777 howitzer muaj tus nqi hluav taws kub tsib feeb ib feeb txog ob feeb, nrog rau kev tua hluav taws ob zaug ib feeb twg.

Canadian cannon M777 tau teeb tsa ntawm CH-47 Chinook qhov siab; BAE systems '155/39 ultralight howitzer kuj tseem tuaj yeem thauj los ntawm Marine Corps CH-53 qhov siab

Thawj qhov hloov pauv ntawm M777 tau nruab nrog lub khoos phis tawj tswj hluav taws xob, lub zog hluav taws xob hauv nkoj tau ntxiv rau A1 teeb tsa kev teeb tsa los muab cov khoom siv digital uas suav nrog INS / GPS txoj haujlwm thiab kev qhia ua haujlwm (INS - Inertial Navigation System, GPS - Global Positioning Satellite System), xov tooj cua chaw nres tsheb, tso saib cov phom thiab chav tswj hwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau ua M777 sib xws nrog Excalibur coj cov mos txwv, M777A2 kev hloov pauv tau tsim, uas tau txhim kho induction fuse installer tau ntxiv, ntxiv rau software. Tus kws tshaj lij tau ua haujlwm nrog Asmeskas Tub Rog, Tub Rog Tub Rog, Australian thiab Canadian cov tub rog. Txij li xyoo 2006, M777 howitzers tau xa mus rau Afghanistan tau tua ntau txhiab leej nyob puag ncig, suav nrog Excalibur coj mus ncig. Vim tias qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv foob pob hluav taws them nqi MACS (Modular Artillery Charge System) tau npaj tseg, kev txhim kho ntxiv yuav suav nrog hauv kev tswj hluav taws tshiab (FCS), nrog rau kev pib ua haujlwm laser them nqi. Ntxiv nrog rau cov neeg siv Indian, Brazilian Marines tsis ntev los no kuj tau qhia txog kev txaus siab rau kev yuav khoom me me ntawm howitzers, tab sis kev txwv nyiaj txiag tau yuam kom lawv ncua lawv txoj kev xaiv.

Lwm qhov 155-hli lub teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv qhov muaj peev xwm 39 pawg, xaiv Pegasus, tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 2000s los ntawm kev sib koom tes ntawm Singapore Army, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Tub Rog thiab Singapore Technologies Kinetics. Ntau qhov xwm txheej tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej: qhov hnyav txwv ntawm 5, 4 tons, lub thoob thiab lub tsheb thauj khoom yog ua los ntawm titanium thiab txhuas hlau, ntxiv rau cov phiaj xwm nrog chav pabcuam fais fab (APU) rau kev txav lub suab nrov hla qhov av ntxhib. Thaum siv lub tshuab tua hluav taws, APU kuj tseem siv los ua lub tshuab hluav taws xob autoloader, uas tso cai rau Pegasus tua hluav taws tua hluav taws peb zaug hauv 24 vib nas this. Txoj kev tiv thaiv-thim rov qab tshiab txo qis kev thim rov qab los ntawm ib feem peb piv rau cov thim rov qab ntawm cov txheej txheem 155mm. Tus kws tshaj lij tshiab tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2005, hloov pauv Fabkis 105mm LG1 rab phom loj. Tam sim no tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev xaj xaj rau Pegasus.

Autonomous towed howitzer Athos (Autonomous Towed Howitzer Ordnance System) los ntawm Israeli lub tuam txhab Elbit tsis ntev los no tau xaj los ntawm Philippines

Artillery txheej txheem cej luam. Ntu 5. Towed systems

155/52 APU-SIAC howitzer tau tsim los ntawm Santa Barbara; yog ua haujlwm nrog Spain thiab Colombia thiab tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm Brazil

Nyob rau Sab Hnub Tuaj, lwm lub tebchaws, Tuam Tshoj, tau tsim kho lub AH4 155/39 ultralight howitzer hnyav txog 4 tons, tab sis muaj cov ntsiab lus tsawg heev txog nws.

Suav 155 mm howitzer AH4 155/39

Cia peb txav mus rau "hnyav" systems. Hauv Trajan howitzer, Nexter tau kos rau nws cov kev paub hauv xyoo 1980s nrog rub lub cav thiab cov Caesar tus kheej-propelled howitzer (saib Ntu 2. Hell on Wheels). Cov kab ke Trajan, tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov neeg thov Indian, tam sim no nyob rau theem pib. Qhov no tau rub tawm txoj kev ua haujlwm raws li qhov ua viav vias thiab pom kev ntawm Caesar howitzer tau teeb tsa ntawm kev hloov kho TR-F1 kev thauj mus los. Nruab nrog lub crane rau tuav cov mos txwv thiab kev siv lub tshuab thauj khoom thiab tso tawm tsis siv neeg, nws muaj qhov hluav taws kub ntawm rau mus rau ib feeb. Kev siv lub tshuab tua hluav taws yog siv APU thiab cov tshuab siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev suav ntawm rau tus neeg, kev npaj tua hluav taws tsawg dua 90 vib nas this. APU lav tau qib zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm tus kheej; lub kaw lus tuaj yeem txav mus rau qhov av ntxhib ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 5 km / h. Nexter xyoo 2011 tau koom ua ke koom nrog Indian Larsen & Toubro txhawm rau tsim cov khoom lag luam thiab tam sim no tseem tab tom tos kev thov rau cov lus pom los ntawm sab Khab.

Trajan howitzer ntawm Fab Kis lub tuam txhab Nexter rau kev sib tw Indian rau rub phom loj tau tsim los rau theem ua qauv thiab tseem tab tom tos nws thawj tus neeg yuav khoom.

Athos (Autonomous Towed Howitzer Ordnance System) howitzer tau tsim los ntawm Israeli tuam txhab Soltam (tam sim no yog ib feem ntawm Elbit Systems), nws cov viav vias loj thiab nqa khoom muaj peev xwm lees txais cov thoob ntawm cov ntsuas sib txawv, suav nrog 52 qauv niaj hnub no. Tam sim no lub kaw lus tau muab rau Is Nrias teb. Txog qhov kawg no, kev sib koom ua lag luam tau tsim nrog Indian tuam txhab Bharat Forge Limited los tsim Athos howitzer ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv ib cheeb tsam. Nrog nws cov txheej txheem thauj khoom tsis siv neeg, nws tuaj yeem tua hluav taws peb zaug hauv 30 vib nas this, qhov hluav taws kub hnyav ntawm 12 teev nyob rau hauv peb feeb, thiab qhov hluav taws kub txuas ntxiv ntawm 42 teev toj ib teev. Nruab nrog digital navigation, tswj hluav taws thiab kev taw qhia, rab phom tseem tuaj yeem tua hluav taws ncaj qha ntawm thaj tsam li 1.5 km. Nws APU tsav lub tshuab hluav taws xob li cas, nrog rau ob lub log tseem ceeb, uas tso cai rau nws kom nws tus kheej tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm tom qab ua tiav lub hom phiaj tua hluav taws. Tebchaws Philippines tsis ntev los no tau xaj Athos howitzer, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2014 Elbit Systems tau txais daim ntawv cog lus los ntawm lub tebchaws ntawd rau 12 lub tshuab muaj nqis yuav luag 7 lab euros.

Lwm qhov 52 caliber system tau raug txhawb los ntawm American General Dynamics European Land Systems. Nws tau tsim los ntawm Spanish tuam txhab Santa Barbara raws li kev tsim 155/52 APU-SIAC (Sistema Integrado de Artilleria de Campana). Piv rau lwm cov kab ke hauv pawg no, Cov phom loj Spanish muaj lub tsheb nrog plaub lub log tseem ceeb thiab ob lub log ntxiv rau ntawm lub qhov qhib, txhua lub log tau tsa thaum lub sij hawm tua. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau nruab nrog lub khoos phis tawj ballistic, lub radar rau ntsuas qhov pib nrawm, ntsuas kub hauv chav, ntsuas lub zog rov qab thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo. Ua tsaug rau nws lub log thiab APU, nws tuaj yeem npaj tua hluav taws hauv ob feeb thiab tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv ib thiab ib nrab feeb. Muaj ntau hom kev tua: peb txhaj tshuaj hauv 11 vib nas this, 4 txhaj tshuaj hauv 20 vib nas this lossis 10 zaug hauv ib feeb, qhov hluav taws kub tas li yog ob zaug ib feeb. Hauv MRSI hom (cuam tshuam ib txhij ntawm ob peb lub plhaub; lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub thoob hloov pauv thiab txhua lub plhaub raug tua nyob rau qee lub sijhawm luv luv tuaj txog ntawm lub hom phiaj ib txhij) lub tshuab tua hluav taws tuaj yeem tua txog 4 txhaj tshuaj. Tsis tas li, tus kws tshaj lij tau ua haujlwm nrog Colombia hauv 155/52 APU-SBT teeb tsa. Brazilian Marine Corps tseem txaus siab rau SIAC system.

Singapore-based Singapore Technologies Kinetics tau tsim 52-caliber cannon, pib nrog nws FH-88 155mm / 39 tus qauv thiab khaws tib lub log plaub lub log tsheb. Tus kws tshaj lij tau txais lub npe FH2000; nws tau nruab nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm ib nrab tsis siv neeg thiab hydraulic rammer, uas tso cai rau nws tswj hwm tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm 6 puag ncig ib feeb rau peb feeb. FH2000 howitzer tau ua haujlwm nrog Singapore thiab Indonesia. Cov kab ke no tau coj los ua lub hauv paus rau cov neeg Turkish rub tawm lub tshuab T-155 Panter. STK muab kev pabcuam txuj ci hauv kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem rau Turkish lub tuam txhab tuam txhab MKEK. T-155 Panter howitzer, nruab nrog APU muaj zog dua, hnyav dua li thawj FH2000. Cov tub rog Turkish tau ua tub rog nrog ntau pua tus Panter howitzers. Qaib ntxhw kuj tau xa cov kab ke no mus rau Pakistan, uas tau tsim ntau kaum ob ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm no ntawm nws cov chaw tsim khoom.

155mm AH1 45-caliber towed howitzer los ntawm Suav tuam txhab Norinco, ib zaug hu ua GC45, muaj plaub lub log tsheb nrog ob lub log loj ntawm lub qhov qhib. Nws yog los ntawm PLL01, thawj 155mm rab phom loj los nkag rau kev pabcuam nrog Suav pab tub rog. Nws qhov ntau txog 39 km thaum siv cov mos txwv nrog lub tshuab ua pa hauv qab thiab 50 km thaum tua cov foob pob-foob pob. Ua tsaug rau lub tshuab pneumatic rammer, qhov hluav taws kub yog peb zaug ib feeb twg. AH 1 howitzer tau ua haujlwm nrog tsawg kawg ib lub tebchaws, Algeria. 52 qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub npe AH2, qhov hnyav uas tau nce los ntawm ib tuj piv rau AH1. Ethiopia feem ntau yuav dhau los ua thawj tus neeg siv khoom ntawm lub kaw lus, tab sis ntawm no nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev sib ze ntawm Tuam Tshoj hauv cov teeb meem zoo li no, thiab yog li ntawv cog lus yuav tsis tau txais kev tshaj tawm dav.

Muaj ntsws tiag

Thaum ntau lub tebchaws tau hloov lawv cov phom 105mm nrog lub teeb 155mm tshuab, cov uas tsis tuaj yeem them taus vim tias tus nqi lossis tsis tuaj yeem siv lub dav hlau dav hlau uas tsis tuaj yeem nqa cov phom zoo li no thaum tso siab rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm me me … Muaj lwm qhov teeb meem ntawm no - kev muab cov mos txwv, hnyav npaum li cas lub mos txwv thauj khoom ntawm 155 -mm zoo li thiab tsub nqi. Tej zaum lub khw no tam sim no suav tias yog lub khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb, tab sis nws tseem tseem yog lub khw.

105 LG1 howitzer tsim los ntawm Nexter hnyav tsuas yog 1.6 tons tuaj yeem, tau kawg, thauj los ntawm cov dav hlau loj. Colombia, raws li yog ib tus neeg yuav khoom zaum kawg ntawm cov kab ke no, tau tsim lub tswv yim nthuav rau nws daim ntawv thov. LG1 tau siv los ua riam phom ua phem vim nws tuaj yeem siv tau yooj yim nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm, thaum muab kev pab tua hluav taws yooj yim thiab ntseeg tau. GPS / INS kev taw qhia thiab kev tso chaw tso cai rau koj qhib hluav taws sai sai los ntawm LG1 howitzer; txawm li cas los xij, kev paub ntawm Colombia tau qhia tias txhua tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tua raws li lub hom phiaj cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm pab tub rog network. Hauv qhov no, Nexter tau tsim ib qho qauv ntawm Toplite lub teeb hluav taws xob tua lub computer, uas tam sim no nws nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev txhim kho. Toplite sib tham hauv WiFi nrog cov riam phom digitized, txo qhov ua yuam kev thiab ua kom nrawm dua cov txheej txheem tua. Nexter tseem tsis tau txais daim ntawv xaj rau lub kaw lus, tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb tias Colombia tau qhia qhov kev txaus siab hauv nws.

Qhov zoo ntawm 105-mm howitzers kuj dag hauv qhov qis ntawm cov mos txwv rau lawv. Piv txwv li, Nexter LG1 rab phom tuaj yeem thauj ntawm qhov raug ncua ntawm Eurocopter EC725 Cougar ntau lub hom phiaj nyoob hoom qav taub.

Nexter LG1 yog qhov yooj yim dua rau tua nrog lub teeb hnyav Toplite tua lub computer

Nyob rau xyoo 2014, cov neeg tua phom los ntawm US Army's 101st Airborne Division tau raug rho tawm thawj zaug nrog rab phom M119A3 digitized. Nws yog qhov hloov tshiab kawg ntawm BAE Systems 'L118 / M119 Lub Teeb Phom. Cov phom tau nruab nrog lub tshuab tswj hluav taws digital, uas suav nrog chav ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg, GPS, tus neeg tua phom cov duab, kev sib txuas lus digital ntawm txhua rab phom thiab Lub Chaw Taw Qhia Hluav Taws Xob siab qhia qhov tseeb thev naus laus zis, nrog rau lwm yam uas tso cai rau phom phom kom nws tus kheej txiav txim siab nws qhov chaw nyob tseeb. Cov kab ke digital tso cai rau thawj zaug tua hauv ob mus rau peb feeb, tsis zoo li 10 feeb nyob rau yav dhau los ntawm M119A2. Cov software yog 90% sib xws nrog M777A2 software, uas tig los zoo ib yam li M109A6 Paladin howitzer software, uas yooj yim dua cov txheej txheem kev suav niaj hnub thiab txuag kev tsim nqi. Cov phom khaws tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm A2 version yav dhau los, uas tso cai rau kev suav kom hloov mus rau hom kev siv thaum cov tshuab ua tsis tiav hauv qee qhov xwm txheej. M119 yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Asmeskas-ua L118 Lub Teeb Phom, uas tau tsim tawm thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1970 los ntawm Royal Ordnance (tam sim no BAE Systems).

Cov tub rog Askiv tau hloov kho nws cov phom loj nrog Linaps laser-pab pab lub hom phiaj los ntawm Selex ES. BAE Systems muab cov kev pabcuam zoo li niaj hnub no rau kev ua lag luam xa tawm

Lwm lub tebchaws kuj tau digitized lawv cov phom loj. Cov tub rog Askiv tau siv Linaps lub hom phiaj tsis siv neeg los ntawm Selex ES rau nws rab phom L118; Canada, UAE, Oman, South Africa, Malaysia thiab Thaib kuj tseem tsis tau sawv ib sab, sib sau ua ke rau hauv rab phom ntawm ntau hom. New Zealand yog tus yuav zaum kawg los teeb tsa Linaps system ntawm nws lub L119 Lub Teeb Phom. Linaps suav nrog lub radar txhawm rau ntsuas qhov pib nrawm, chav siv inertial navigation FIN 3110L, chav qhia phom, chav roj teeb thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm tus thawj tswj hwm lub davhlau ya nyob twg, uas yog lub tshuab ntsiav tshuaj tawv tawv nrog lub peev xwm rau txheej txheej ntawm daim duab qhia chaw. Qhov hloov pauv tshiab tshaj plaws muaj chav tswj hwm zaub nrog 10.4-nti screen. Linaps INS / GPS inertial navigation system muab cov kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig ntawm 10 metres hauv dav hlau ntsug thiab kab rov tav, qhov tseeb azimuth tsawg dua li ib txhiab ntawm qhov deb.

G7 howitzer, tsim los ntawm South African lub tuam txhab Denel, muaj qhov txawv txav ntev 52 lub tog raj kheej, uas tso cai rau thaj tsam li ntawm 32 km nrog cov phiaj xwm nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv qab. Tab sis qhov no, nyeg, coj mus rau qhov nce ntawm qhov hnyav txog li 3,8 tons. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ntsuas twb tau txiav txim siab los txo qhov hnyav ntawm G7 tsawg kawg ib tuj. Kev ua haujlwm ntxiv, feem ntau yuav yog nyob ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam.

Howitzer G7 tsim los ntawm South African lub tuam txhab Denel

FH-70 system tau dhau los lawm, tab sis qee lub tebchaws, nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm lub sijhawm zoo dua, tau npaj los hloov kho nws niaj hnub thiab tom qab hloov nws nrog lub teeb 155-hli howitzers.

FH-70: Cannon tsom iav

Kev Tsov Rog Txias 155mm / 39 phom phom yog qhov qub dhau lawm; txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis xav so haujlwm. Tej zaum ua tsaug rau cov peev nyiaj tiv thaiv kev txo qis, nws tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam nrog ntau lub tebchaws, txawm hais tias yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws tsim khoom tau npuaj cov txheej txheem no. Tsuas yog Ltalis, uas npaj kom nws ua haujlwm ntxiv rau 10-15 xyoo. Tam sim no, txoj haujlwm rau kev txhim kho rab phom tshiab tau ua tiav. Theem 1 muab rau kev tsim qauv uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog Italian kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm SIF (Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob), hloov kho tshiab ntawm peb rab phom ntxiv rau tus qauv no, ntxiv rau tus qauv Astra tsheb laij teb. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho niaj hnub suav nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshiab APU, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Selex-ES Linaps lub hom phiaj kev teeb tsa thiab kev yuav khoom ntawm tsheb laij teb Astra. Tsab ntawv yuav tsum tau tso tawm rau kev sim thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 2015. Hauv Phase 2, lwm 74 FH-70 howitzers yuav raug kho dua thiab tsheb laij teb tshiab yuav. Ib qho ntxiv, Oto Melara tab tom tsim cov khoom siv uas yuav tso cai hloov kho FH-70 howitzer kom tua Vulcano mos txwv.