Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 4, 1944, 1st Ukrainian Front tau tawm tsam kev ua phem raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Marshal Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov. Proskurov-Chernivtsi ua haujlwm tsis zoo pib, yog ib txoj haujlwm ua ntej tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Raws li Zhukov rov hais dua: kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tshwm sim ntawm no, xws li peb tsis tau pom txij thaum Tsov Rog Kursk. Rau yim hnub tus yeeb ncuab tau sim thawb peb cov tub rog rov mus rau lawv txoj haujlwm pib.
Txoj haujlwm no tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev tawm tsam loj los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet hauv Txoj Cai-Bank Ukraine (qhov hu ua "kev tawm tsam thib ob Stalinist"). Raws li qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm no, cov tub rog Soviet tau ua rau muaj kev swb hnyav ntawm ob lub tank German tub rog (1st thiab 4th). 22 Kev sib cais German tau swb, poob ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv. Cov Tub Rog Liab tau nce mus txog 80-350 kilometers nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab sab qab teb, mus txog rau toj roob hauv pes ntawm Carpathians. German pem hauv ntej tau faib ua ob.
Kev hla tus Dej Dniester los ntawm T-34-85 tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 44th Guards Tank Brigade ntawm 11th Guards Tank Corps ntawm 1st Guards Tank Army.
Yam yuavtsum tau kawm uantej
Thaum lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1944, thaum kev tawm tsam ntawm Red Army ntawm Txoj Cai-Bank Ukraine, Soviet cov tub rog tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov neeg German nyob ze Zhitomir thiab Berdichev, Kirovograd, yeej Korsun-Shevchenko thiab Nikopol-Kryvyi Rih pawg (Thib Ob Stalinist) tawm tsam. Kev ywj pheej ntawm Txoj Cai-Bank Ukraine. Ntu 2. Ntu 3.).
Tom qab ntawd, thaum Rovno -Lutsk ua haujlwm (Lub Ib Hlis 27 - Lub Ob Hlis 11, 1944), cov tub rog ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau dim Rovno thiab Lutsk. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tub rog Soviet tau ntes cov tis sab laug ntawm Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb los ntawm sab qaum teb, cov xwm txheej tau tsim rau kev tawm tsam ntawm tus yeeb ncuab ntawm Proskurov-Chernivtsi pawg. Lub sijhawm tau sawv los ua kom tiav kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb ntawm sab qab teb hnub poob ntawm Soviet thiab mus txog lub xeev ciam teb ntawm USSR. Lub hauv paus chaw Haujlwm ntawm Cov Thawj Coj Loj tau txiav txim siab ua rau ntau qhov kev tawm tsam yuav luag ib txhij txhawm rau faib Pawg Tub Rog German Sab Qab Teb rau hauv ntau pawg sib cais. Ib qho ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam yog Proskurov -Chernivtsi ua haujlwm tsis zoo (Lub Peb Hlis 4 - Plaub Hlis 17, 1944).
Txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm thiab lub zog ntawm ob tog
Kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej, tom qab raug mob ntawm General Nikolai Fedorovich Vatutin (lub qhov txhab tuag taus), tau coj los ntawm Marshal Zhukov. 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau pib tawm tsam los ntawm Dubno - Shepetovka - Lyubar kab. Lub hauv ntej tau muab txoj haujlwm ntawm kev kov yeej cov tub rog German hauv thaj tsam Kremenets, Ternopil, Starokonstantinov. Tom qab ntawd 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej yog txhawm rau tsim kev tawm tsam hauv Chortkov kev coj ua, thiab koom tes nrog 40th Army ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Front, ncig thiab tshem tawm lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab 1st Tank Army.
1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej suav nrog: 13 Pawg Tub Rog raws li cov lus txib ntawm Nikolai Pukhov, 60th Army ntawm Ivan Chernyakhovsky, 1st Guards Army of Andrey Grechko, 18th Army of Yevgeny Zhuravlev thiab 38th Army of Kirill Moskalenko, 4th tank army of Vasily Badanov (txij lub Peb Hlis) 29 Dmitry Lelyushenko), 1st tank pab tub rog ntawm Mikhail Katukov, tus tub rog thib 3 ntawm Pavel Rybalko. Los ntawm huab cua, pem hauv ntej tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 2nd Air Army raws li cov lus txib ntawm Stepan Krasovsky. Thaum pib lub Peb Hlis, pem hauv ntej suav txog 800 txhiab tus tub rog, 11, 9 txhiab.phom thiab phom, 1, 4 txhiab tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej thiab txog 480 lub dav hlau.
Raws li txoj kev npaj ntawm Soviet cov lus txib, lub tshuab tseem ceeb tau xa los ntawm 1st Guards, 60th armies, 3rd Guards tank thiab 4th tank armies. Cov pab pawg tawm tsam ntawm 1st UV tau tshaj tawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm ob lub tank German tub rog, tsoo los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam thiab txav mus rau Chortkov. Lwm pab tub rog tau muab kev pab tawm tsam. Ntawm sab laug ntawm sab xub ntiag: Pawg Tub Rog 18 tau nce qib ntawm Khmelnik, pab tub rog 38th tau nce qib ntawm Vinnitsa thiab Zhmerinka, nrog rau ib feem ntawm nws lub zog nws tau xav pab thib 2 pem hauv ntej hauv kev dim ntawm thaj tsam Gaisin. Ntawm sab xis, Pawg Tub Rog 13 tau txhawb kev tawm tsam ntawm lub hauv ntej lub ntsiab tawm tsam pab pawg los ntawm sab qaum teb, ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam nyob rau hauv Brodsky kev taw qhia.
Cov tub rog Soviet tau tawm tsam los ntawm ob lub tub rog German: 4 Panzer Army nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Erhard Routh thiab 1st Panzer Army raws li cov lus txib ntawm Hans-Valentin Hube. Ob pab tub rog yog ib feem ntawm Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb (txij lub Plaub Hlis 5 - Pab Pawg Pab Pawg Sab Qaum Teb Ukraine). Pab Pawg Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb tau hais los ntawm Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, tab sis thaum Lub Peb Hlis 31 nws tau raug tshem tawm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm thiab raug xa mus rau qhov tshwj tseg (Fuhrer tau npau taws los ntawm kev swb ntawm Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb). Cov tub rog tau coj los ntawm Field Marshal Walter Model. Los ntawm huab cua, cov tub rog lub tank tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 4th Air Fleet of Otto Dessloh. Txog thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj, cov tub rog German muaj 29 kev sib cais (suav nrog xya lub tsho tiv thaiv thiab ib lub cav), cov tub rog caij tsheb, thiab coob leej ntawm lwm qhov kev tsim. Cov pab pawg German suav nrog kwv yees li ib nrab lab tus tub rog, kwv yees li 1, 1 txhiab lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom tua phom, kwv yees li 5, 5 txhiab rab phom thiab phom, 480 lub dav hlau.
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, Soviet cov lus txib yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke tseem ceeb ntawm cov rog thiab cov cuab yeej siv, vim tias lub zog muaj zog tshaj plaws tau nyob ntawm sab laug ntawm sab xub ntiag, thiab lawv yuav tsum raug xa mus rau hauv nruab nrab cov lus qhia. Lub 60th, 1st Guards Armies, 3rd Guards Tank Army, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cais lub tank, rab phom loj thiab cov kws tsim vaj tsev raug xa mus rau thaj chaw tshiab thiab thaj chaw ntawm kev mloog zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau qhov kev tsim ntawm 18th thiab 38th pab tub rog tau hloov lawv txoj haujlwm. 1st Panzer Army feem ntau ua tag nrho lub Peb Hlis los coj nws qhov chaw hauv kev poob siab ntawm cov pab pawg tseem ceeb.
Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm pab tub rog tau ua nyob rau qhov nyuaj ntawm txoj kev nyuaj, av nkos caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Qhov teeb meem loj tau muab cov tub rog nrog txhua yam lawv xav tau, tshwj xeeb yog roj. Cov khoom siv roj tsis txaus, cov tub rog tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam tsuas yog ob lossis peb hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, Komfronta Zhukov txiav txim siab tsis ncua kev pib ntawm kev tawm tsam, txij li txhua txhua hnub txoj kev av nkos tsuas yog zuj zus, thiab kev tiv thaiv German tau hnyav dua.
Ua txhaum
Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Peb Hlis 4, Soviet rab phom loj tau tsoo German txoj haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, chav nyob ntawm 60th Army ntawm Chernyakhovsky thiab 1st Guards Army of Grechko tau tawm tsam. Ua raws lawv, lub sijhawm thib ob tau raug coj mus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua - Badanov's 4th Tank Army thiab Rybalko's 3rd Guards Tank Army. Txog thaum yav tsaus ntuj, cov tub rog Soviet tau nce mus txog 8-20 km. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 5, Zhuravlev's 18 pab tub rog tau pib tawm tsam. Hauv ob hnub, cov tub rog Soviet tsoo dhau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv German, tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv mus txog 180 km dav thiab sib koom hauv qhov tob ntawm 25-50 km. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 7-10, cov chav siab ntawm Soviet cov tub rog tau mus txog Ternopil, Volochisk, Proskurov kab. Txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau Lvov-Odessa, kev sib txuas lus tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho sab qab teb tis ntawm cov tub rog German, tau cuam tshuam.
Cov lus txib German tau pib nrawm hloov pauv cov peev txheej mus rau qhov chaw ntawm kev kov yeej. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 9, chav nyob ntawm 60th Army thiab 4th Guards Tank Corps ntawm Pavel Poluboyarov txuas nrog nws tau ntsib kev tawm tsam los ntawm German pab tub rog ntawm txoj kev mus rau Ternopil. Ntawm no kev tiv thaiv tau tuav los ntawm 68th thiab 359th Infantry Division, uas tau pauv los ntawm Western Europe. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav ntawm Chernyakhovsky cov tub rog yuav tsum tau tawm tsam hauv thaj tsam Volochisk. Nov yog German cov lus txib ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam nrog kev pab ntawm 7th Panzer Division thiab SS Panzer Division "Adolf Hitler". Grechko's 1st Guards Army, txhawb los ntawm Sergei Ivanov's 7th Guards Tank Corps los ntawm 3rd Guards Tank Army, tau ntes thaj tsam Starokonstantinov thiab mus txog Proskurov. Nov yog cov neeg Germans tau faib plaub lub tank sib cais tawm tsam cov tub rog Soviet tau nce qib: 1st, 6, 16 thiab 17 pawg sib cais.
German cov lus txib ntawm Pab Pawg Sab Qab Teb tau coj cov tub rog loj los ua rog: 9 lub tsheb loj thiab 6 pab tub rog tawg rog. Cov neeg German pom qhov kev hem thawj tseem ceeb hauv kev poob ntawm kev tswj hwm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Lvov-Odessa. Muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev tawg ua ntej thiab faib Pawg Tub Rog Sab Qab Teb ua ob ntu. Cov neeg German tawm tsam kev tawm tsam hnyav, sim txwv tsis pub cov tub rog Soviet thiab rov tswj hwm txoj kev ploj ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, Soviet cov lus txib txiav txim siab tso tseg ib ntus kev ua phem ntawm cov tub rog. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tawm tsam German cov lus tawm tsam, rov ua kom muaj zog, ua kom nruj nraub qaum, rab phom loj, khaws cia, thiab txiav txim siab qhov kev tawm tsam tshiab. Lub hauv paus chaw ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab Tshaj Plaws pom zoo nrog cov lus pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Tub Rog ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, 60th thiab 1st Guards armies tau xaj kom hla mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Lub hauv paus loj tau qhia meej txog cov haujlwm ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej. Cov pab pawg poob siab tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv ntej yuav tsum hla Dniester thiab Prut ntawm kev txav mus, tso Chernivtsi, thiab mus txog rau lub xeev Soviet ciam teb. Hauv qhov kev tawm tsam no, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm 1st German Panzer Army yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm 4th Panzer Army, txhawm rau txiav nws txoj kev khiav mus rau sab qab teb, dhau ntawm Dniester. Cov tub rog German lub tank tau npaj yuav nyob ib puag ncig thiab rhuav tshem nyob rau thaj tsam sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Kamenets-Podolsk. Txoj cai tis ntawm lub hauv ntej (13th Army) tau tawm tsam Brody thiab Lvov, pab rau 2nd Belorussian Front, uas yog tawm tsam hauv Kovel kev taw qhia. Kev tawm tsam ntawm pab tub rog tau txhawb nqa los ntawm 25 Panzer, 1st thiab 6th Guards Cavalry Corps. Sab laug tis ntawm sab xub ntiag (18th thiab 38th pab tub rog) tau nce siab ntawm Kamenets-Podolsk, pab thib 2 Ukrainian pem hauv ntej. 40th Army ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau koom nrog kev ncig ntawm cov yeeb ncuab rog hauv cheeb tsam Kamenets-Podolsky.
Pawg Tub Rog 13 ntawm Pukhov, tau tawg los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus yeeb ncuab muaj zog, thaum kawg Lub Peb Hlis 17 tau ntes tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb ruaj khov - Dubno. Ob hnub tom qab, lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv tau nyob - Kremenets. Txog Lub Peb Hlis 20, Pukhov cov tub rog, tau tawg qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm xya qhov kev sib cais hauv German, tau mus txog qhov ze rau Brody. Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm pab tub rog txoj kev vam meej. Hauv thaj tsam Brody, cov neeg German tau tsim kev tiv thaiv zoo thiab tawv ncauj tau tawm tsam ntawm no txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Zhuravlev's 18th Army thiab Moskalenko's 38th Army tau dim Khmelnik, Vinnitsa, Zhmerinka thaum Lub Peb Hlis 21, thawb cov pawg tawm tsam ntawm 1st German Tank Army rau Kamenets-Podolsky.
Lub sijhawm no, kev tsim ntawm 60th thiab 1st Guards armies, 3rd Guard thiab 4th Tank armies tau tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tawm tsam hauv thaj tsam Ternopil, Volochisk thiab Proskurov. Kev sib ntaus sib tua tau hnyav heev. Cov neeg German tau sib zog ua rog loj. Cov tub rog Soviet raug kev txom nyem hnyav hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv. Yog li, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 14, Zhukov tshaj tawm rau Lub Hauv Paus tias tsuas yog 63 lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab rab phom tua tus kheej tseem nyob hauv Rybalko cov tub rog, 20 lub tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Poluboyarov lub cev (4th Guards Tank Corps), thiab lwm cov tub rog raug kev txom nyem hnyav.
Cov neeg tua phom yog tua los ntawm German 75-mm anti-tank gun PaK 40. Thaj tsam ntawm ciam teb Soviet-Romanian.
Thaum pib ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam tshiab, pab pawg ua ntej tawm tsam tau ntxiv dag zog. Plaub qhov kev sib faib phom tau raug xa mus rau 60th Army los ntawm kev khaws cia ua ntej, thiab ob qhov kev sib faib raug xa mus rau 1st Guards Army. 1st Tank Army ntawm Katukov tau hloov mus rau qhov kev coj ua ntawm kev tawm tsam loj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb lub tank tub rog tau mob siab rau hauv ib lub nrig. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 21, pawg neeg tawm tsam tseem tau tawm tsam ntxiv. Kev tiv thaiv German tau tawg dhau thiab thaum Lub Peb Hlis 23, cov chav ntawm 60th thiab 1st Panzer Armies tau rov ua qhov chaw sib txuas lus tseem ceeb los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab - Chortkov. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 24, Cov tub rog Soviet hla Dniester ntawm kev txav mus. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 29, lawv hla Prut thiab tso Chernivtsi dim.
Lwm pab tub rog kuj ua tiav. Cov tub rog Panzer thib 4, tau ua lub voj voog ncig, nyob Kamenets-Podolsky thaum Lub Peb Hlis 26. Chav nyob ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Thib Peb thiab Cov Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv thib 1 tau rov ua dua Proskurov thaum Lub Peb Hlis 25. Tom qab ntawd cov tub rog txuas ntxiv lawv kev tawm tsam Kamenets-Podolsky los ntawm sab qaum teb. Qhov tseeb, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 28, Pab Pawg Tub Rog Tiv Thaiv Thib 3 tau thim rov qab rau qhov tshwj tseg rau kev ua kom tiav. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 31, cov chav ntawm 4th Panzer Army thiab 30th Rifle Corps ntawm 1st Guards Army tau mus txog Khotin, qhov uas lawv tsim kev sib cuag nrog kev tsim ntawm 40th Army ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, 1st German Panzer Army (tag nrho ntawm 23 kev sib cais, suav nrog 10 lub nkoj sib faib, kwv yees li 220 txhiab tus tib neeg) tau nyob puag ncig thaj tsam sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Kamenets-Podolsk. Tib lub sijhawm, cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm 4th German Panzer Army raug thawb rov qab mus rau sab hnub poob. Tsuas yog hauv thaj av Ternopil yog pab pawg me me yeeb ncuab (12 txhiab tus tub rog) nyob ib puag ncig, uas tseem tawm tsam. Cov tub rog German ntsib kev hem thawj ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj rau tub rog.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis muaj zog nyob ntawm xub ntiag, cov tub rog twb raug kev txom nyem hnyav nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua dhau los, tsis tso cai rau kev tsim kom muaj kev sib zog sab hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm ib puag ncig. Ib qho ntxiv, "tsiaj loj" (23 kev sib cais) tau nkag mus rau hauv net, xws li "cauldron" yuav tsum raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev quab yuam ntawm ob sab. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg German uas nyob ib puag ncig, siv qhov khoob hauv lub nplhaib sab hauv ntawm ib puag ncig, tau mus hla dhau thaum Lub Peb Hlis 31. Cov pab pawg German tsoo dhau los ntawm Chortkov, Buchach. Cov neeg German tau nce qib cua daj cua dub, ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm 1st Guards thiab 4th Tank Armies.
Zhukov tau sim tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm kev sib cais ntawm German nrog kev pab los ntawm pab tub rog ntawm 4 Panzer Army, 38th Army (74th Rifle Corps), 18th Army (52nd Rifle Corps), cais kev cais ntawm 1st Guards, 18th thiab 38th armies. Txawm li cas los xij, kev faib phom yuav tsum tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua tom qab kev taug kev ntev, hauv lub xeev tawg, txav mus los, yam tsis tau npaj txoj haujlwm. Cov phom loj thiab cov tsheb nraub qaum poob qis rau pem hauv ntej. Lub dav hlau tsis muaj peev xwm muab kev pab txaus. Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaw tau ua rau lub tshav dav hlau tsis tau siv tsis tau. Kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo ntawm Soviet Air Force poob qis heev. Yog li ntawd, kev sib cais hauv Soviet tsis tuaj yeem nres lub tank German sib tsoo.
Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav tau tshwm sim rau lub Plaub Hlis 1-2. Cov neeg German tau tawm tsam lawv txoj kev hla, rhuav tshem Soviet tiv thaiv. Thaum kawg nws tau hloov cov dej kom haum rau 1st German Panzer Army, tsis thaiv lub tshuab ntawm 2 SS Panzer Corps, uas tuaj txog ntawm Fabkis. Cov lus txib German tau hloov lwm yam kev tsim los ntawm Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Fabkis, Denmark, Romania, Hungary thiab Yugoslavia (tshwj xeeb, 1st Hungarian pab tub rog) mus rau thaj chaw sib ntaus sib tua. Thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 4, xaiv SS cov chav raug ntaus rau lawv cov phooj ywg nyob ib puag ncig. Lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm German kev ya dav hlau kuj tau mob siab rau ntawm no. Tom qab peb kev sib ntaus sib tua, pab pawg German tau kaw nws txoj kev mus rau thaj tsam Buchach.
Cov tub rog German muaj peev xwm hla mus rau nws tus kheej. Tab sis 1st Panzer Army tau raug kev puas tsuaj loj: kev sib faib poob ib nrab ntawm lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm, tsuas yog lub hauv paus tseem nyob ntawm ntau pawg, feem ntau ntawm cov riam phom hnyav thiab khoom siv tau ploj mus. Yog li, cov tub rog ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau ntes 61 lub dav hlau, 187 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom phom, ntau txhiab lub tsheb, thiab lwm yam.
Kev sib ntaus tsis tau xaus qhov ntawd, kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus txog lub Plaub Hlis 17. Yog li, 1st Tank Army ntawm Katukov tau tawm tsam hnyav ntawm txoj hauv kev mus rau Stanislav thiab hauv thaj tsam Nadvornaya. Cov tankers yuav tsum tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab muaj zog tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam. Tsuas yog nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Moskalenko's 38th Army formations, uas cov lus txib hauv ntej tau hloov pauv sai mus rau sab xis ntawm Dniester, nws puas tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov pem hauv ntej. Ib qho ntxiv, cov lus txib hauv ntej tau hloov pauv pab tub rog thib 18 mus rau sab xis.
Cov tub rog 60th tau tawm tsam nrog cov yeeb ncuab nyob ib puag ncig Ternopil. Cov tub rog nyob ib puag ncig lub nroog thaum Lub Peb Hlis 31, mus txog rau sab nrauv ntawm Ternopil, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem nce mus ntxiv. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev tawm tsam cov lus tawm tsam sab nraud uas cov neeg German tau ua txhawm rau txhawm rau thaiv cov pab pawg uas nyob ib puag ncig thiab, tau ua tiav kev npaj rau kev ua haujlwm, 60th Army tau tuaj yeem pib txiav txim siab ua phem. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 14, Soviet cov tub rog tau pib ua phem rau Ternopil. Tom qab ob hnub ntawm kev sib ntaus, pab pawg German tau swb, thaum lub Plaub Hlis 17, nws cov seem tau raug tshem tawm. Raws li German cov ntaub ntawv, tsuas yog ob peb kaum tus neeg tau txais kev cawmdim. Nyob rau tib hnub, cov tub rog ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau hla mus rau qhov kev tiv thaiv. Kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav tiav.
Sappers ua cov plag tsev rau kev tso cov tso tsheb hlau luam. 1st Ukrainian pem hauv ntej. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1944
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Cov tub rog ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tau nce mus txog 80-350 kilometers, mus txog kab ntawm Torchin, Brody, Buchach, Stanislav, Nadvornaya. Cov tub rog liab tau mus txog ciam teb ntawm Czechoslovakia thiab Romania. Cov tub rog Soviet tau tso ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Txoj Cai-Bank Ukraine-Kamenets-Podolsk cheeb tsam, feem ntau ntawm Vinnytsia, Ternopil thiab Chernivtsi cheeb tsam, ntau thaj tsam ntawm Rivne thiab Ivano-Frankivsk cheeb tsam (kwv yees li 42 txhiab sq. Km). 57 lub nroog raug tso dim los ntawm Nazis, suav nrog peb lub chaw haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam - Vinnitsa, Ternopil thiab Chernivtsi, ob peb txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau loj, ntau qhov chaw nyob, cov zos thiab cov zos.
1st thiab 4th German pab tub rog raug kev txom nyem hnyav. 22 Kev sib cais hauv German, ntau lub tank thiab cov tub rog tsav tsheb, thiab lwm tus neeg tau poob ntau dua li ib nrab ntawm lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv cov riam phom hnyav thiab khoom siv, qhov tseeb, poob ib ntus lawv cov kev ua haujlwm zoo. Raws li Soviet cov ntaub ntawv, tsuas yog rau lub sijhawm txij li 4 txog 31 Lub Peb Hlis 1944, ntau dua 183 txhiab tus tub rog German raug tua, thiab kwv yees li 25 txhiab leej raug kaw. Txhawm rau kaw qhov sib txawv tshwm sim, German cov lus txib yuav tsum rov ua haujlwm, ntxiv rau cov kev sib cais uas tau nce qib los ntawm kev khaws cia thaum sib ntaus sib tua, txog kaum kev sib cais, suav nrog ob lub tank sib cais thiab ntau qhov sib cais. Cov peev txheej tau pauv los ntawm Western Europe. Thawj pab tub rog Hungarian tau raug tsiv mus rau cov roob ntawm Carpathians.
Cov tub rog Soviet tau mus txog Carpathians, lub xeev ciam teb ntawm USSR thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm - lawv txiav cov yeeb ncuab lub tswv yim ua ntej ua ob ntu. Lub ntsiab rokadny kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov yeeb ncuab raug txiav. Txawm li cas los xij, 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav txoj haujlwm tshem tawm 1st Panzer Army. Tsis muaj lub zog txaus rau qhov no. Cov koog uas tau tawm mus rau sab nrauv thiab sab hauv ntawm txoj kev ncig tau poob ntau tus neeg thiab khoom siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav dhau los. Vim yog lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tawg, cov phom loj thiab lub nraub qaum tau poob qis. Tsis muaj cov tso tsheb hlau luam txaus los tawm tsam German lub tank tsim. Thiab vim muaj teeb meem nrog cov chaw tsaws, lub tshav dav hlau tsis tau qhib tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm puv ntoob, lub dav hlau tsis muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa tag nrho cov rog hauv av. Ib qho ntxiv, coj mus rau hauv tus account tsis tu ncua qhia German cov peev txheej rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, German cov lus txib tas li nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog siv lub tank loj los ntawm ob tog. Yog li, thaum qhov kev tawm tsam thib ob ntawm 1st Ukrainian Pem Hauv Ntej, uas tau pib thaum Lub Peb Hlis 21, peb lub tank tub rog thiab ob lub tank sib cais tau muab pov rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ib zaug. Txij thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg German muaj 10 lub tank thiab ib lub cav sib cais. Qhov no tau muab kev sib ntaus sib tua tshwj xeeb nrawm thiab nrawm.
Hauv tag nrho, kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav thiab pom qhov kev paub ntau ntxiv ntawm Soviet cov thawj coj thiab cov tub rog. Kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Soviet pab tub rog tau siab heev, cov tub rog xav ua kom lawv thaj av ywj pheej los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Nws tsis yog tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas 70 qhov kev tsim tawm thiab cov chav uas txawv lawv tus kheej hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau txais lub npe zoo (Proskurovsky, Vinnytsia, Yampolsky, Chernivtsi, thiab lwm yam).
Cov neeg nyob hauv Vinnitsa ntsib Soviet cov tub rog-tso tawm. Thaum cov tub rog Soviet nkag mus rau Vinnitsa nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua, lub nroog tau kub hnyiab hauv qhov hluav taws kub, uas tau ua los ntawm kev tawm tsam cov neeg German.
