Cov tub rog tsis sib haum xeeb hauv Donbass, uas cov tub rog Ukrainian tau koom nrog, txuas ntxiv, txawm hais tias nyob rau qhov loj me me dua li xyoo 2014-2015. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem rov pib dua txhua lub sijhawm, thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Hauv qhov no, cov lus nug tshwm sim: yam twg ntawm lub zog muaj peev xwm ua tub rog Ukrainian muaj thiab txog qhov twg yog Ukraine muaj peev xwm tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam?
Qee tus kws tshuaj xyuas Lavxias tau pom zoo tias Ukraine tsis muaj lub nrig ntaus nrig loj thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Puas yog? Rau lub hom phiaj tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov tub rog tiv thaiv ntawm Ukraine, nws raug nquahu kom xav txog qhov no hauv ntau yam: tus lej thiab hom tso tsheb hlau luam hauv pab tub rog, qib kev siv tub rog thiab lub xeev lub peev xwm los pab cov tub rog nrog tso tsheb hlau luam.
Raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv pab tub rog Ukrainian, muaj kev kwv yees sib txawv, raws li qhov tseeb ntau dua lossis tsawg lub hom phiaj cov ntaub ntawv, muaj ntau dua 600 lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm ntau hom nyob rau hauv pab tub rog Ukrainian thiab lawv tau faib raws li hauv qab no.
Hauv cov qauv ntawm cov tub rog hauv av, muaj ob lub tank tub rog, peb lub tank tub rog nyob hauv pab tub rog (31 tso tsheb hlau luam hauv pab tub rog). Hauv cuaj lub tshuab ua haujlwm thiab ob lub chaw ua haujlwm tua roob, hauv ib pab tub rog ntawm cov tub rog thiab hauv cov tub rog tawm tsam huab cua - ib lub tank tub rog txhua tus. Hauv plaub pawg tub rog tsav tsheb - ib lub tuam txhab tso tsheb hlau luam (10 lub tsheb tso rau ib lub tuam txhab), nrog rau hauv ob pab tub rog ua phem - ib lub tuam txhab tso tsheb hlau luam thiab ob lub platoons (6 tso tsheb hlau luam) nruab nrog tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab.
Tag nrho ntawm 655 tso tsheb hlau luam raws li lub rooj ua haujlwm. Tau kawg, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev tsis muaj peev xwm, tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog lub zog muaj zog. Ib qho ntxiv, kev tsim cov tub rog tub rog thib peb kuj tau tshaj tawm. Hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, cov tub rog Ukrainian tau mob siab rau thiab muaj peev xwm nqa tawm cov haujlwm loj.
Cov tso tsheb hlau luam zoo li cas yog cov tub rog tau nruab nrog thiab lawv qib kev ua tub rog-txuj ci yog dab tsi?
Txhua pawg tub rog ntawm lub tank thiab cov tub rog siv tshuab, tshwj tsis yog rau cov tub rog rog ntawm pab tub rog 53, tau nruab nrog T-64B tso tsheb hlau luam.
Cov tub rog ntawm lub tub rog tub rog 53, cov tub rog rog ntawm ob pab tub rog tsoo roob thiab cov tuam txhab tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm cov tub rog tub rog tau nruab nrog T-72AV thiab T-72B1 tso tsheb hlau luam.
Cov tub rog rog ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog ua phem rau hauv nruab nrab tau nruab nrog T-80 tso tsheb hlau luam (feem ntau yuav yog lawv txhais T-80UD tso tsheb hlau luam, uas tau tsim hauv Kharkov). Ib qho ntxiv, Aidar cov tub rog ntaus rog muaj lub tuam txhab tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 10 T-64B tso tsheb hlau luam. thiab cov tub rog Donbass-Ukraine muaj lub tuam txhab tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 10 T-72AV tso tsheb hlau luam. Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv pab pawg tub rog 14 tau muaj ob lub tank platoons nruab nrog T-84U "Oplot" tso tsheb hlau luam.
Yog li, hauv pab tub rog Ukrainian, tawm ntawm 655 tso tsheb hlau luam, 444 T-64B tso tsheb hlau luam, 62 T-80 tso tsheb hlau luam, 143 T-72AV (T-72B1) tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 6 T-84U Oplot tso tsheb hlau luam.
Vim li cas Ukraine tso siab rau T-64B thiab T-80UD tso tsheb hlau luam kuj tseem nkag siab: cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab lub cav rau lawv tau tsim hauv Kharkov, lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub tank tsheb loj hauv Kiev, Carpathian thiab Odessa cov tub rog hauv nroog, yog li feem ntau ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam no tseem nyob hauv Ukraine tom qab kev sib tsoo ntawm Union, ntxiv mus, hais txog lub zog tua hluav taws, cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau nyob rau qib siab. Tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm T-72 tsev neeg tsis tau tsim nyob rau hauv Ukraine, thiab tsuas muaj qee tus ntawm lawv.
Cov tub rog-txuj ci qib ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam kuj tseem siab heev. Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm T-64, T-72 thiab T-80 tso tsheb hlau luam tau nruab nrog 125-mm 2A46 rab phom thiab nws kev hloov kho, ntxiv rau 7, 62-mm thiab 12, 7-mm tshuab phom.
Lub tank T-64B tau nruab nrog OMS 1A33, uas suav nrog 1G42 Ob tus neeg tua phom pom nrog ob lub dav hlau ruaj khov ntawm thaj chaw saib, pom kev pom, laser rangefinder thiab optoelectronic cov lus qhia rau Cobra coj cov foob pob, 2E26M rab phom ruaj khov, lub tshuab 1V517 lub tank siv lub computer, teeb tsa lub tshuab ntsuas rau kev suav tsis siv neeg ntawm kev tua phom sij, teeb meem ntawm cov riam phom coj "Cobra" 9K112 rau kev tua los ntawm qhov chaw tso tseg thiab txav mus thiab tus neeg tua phom hmo pom TPN-3-49 yam tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov pom kev. Tus thawj coj tau teeb tsa TKN-3 hnub / hmo pom yam tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov pom, PZU-5 tiv thaiv lub dav hlau pom thiab hluav taws xob tsav rau kev tswj chaw taws teeb tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nrog tus thawj coj lub hauv paus kaw.
Lub tank T-72AV (T-72B1) tau nruab nrog cov phom yooj yim tshaj plaws pom TPD-K1 nrog ib leeg-dav hlau ruaj khov ntawm txoj haujlwm ntsug ntawm kev pom, pom cov channel, laser rangefinder, ntxiv rau cov phom tua hmo ntuj TPN-1-49 (TPN-3-49) tsis muaj lub zeem muag ruaj khov. Tsis muaj MSA, kev kho rau kev tua raug nkag los ntawm tus kheej, tus thawj coj muaj TKN-3 hnub / hmo pom yam tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov pom. Tsis muaj rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau thiab PZU-5 pom; lub charger tsuas tuaj yeem tswj tau thaum tus thawj coj lub qhov rooj qhib. Ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm T-72, tsav rau kev tswj chaw taws teeb ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis tshwm, nws tau pauv los ntawm T-80UD nkaus xwb mus rau T-90M lub tank.
Lub tank loj ntawm Ukrainian pab tub rog T-64B muaj lub zog tua hluav taws zoo. Qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv Cobra coj ua riam phom rau nws poob nws lub ntsiab lus, vim tias cov cuaj luaj no tsis tau tsim hauv Ukraine. T-72AV thiab T-72B1 tso tsheb hlau luam muaj hluav taws tsawg dua, tab sis nyob rau theem ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm cov tub rog Donetsk, siv T-72 thiab T-64 tso tsheb hlau luam, feem ntau yog kev hloov kho thaum ntxov. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev siv T-72 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab hloov kho ntau dua, xws li T-72BA thiab T-72B3.
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm T-64B, T-80UD, T-72AV, T-72B1 tso tsheb hlau luam tau muab los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua ke nrog cov khoom siv ceramic nyob rau theem ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam Soviet tshiab kawg nrog kev siv cov qauv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv "Sib cuag-1" ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam no. Hauv txheej txheem siv cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv Donbass, lawv tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv zoo dua qub, xws li "Sib cuag-5" thiab "Riam".
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog kwv yees li 46 tons, yog li lawv cov kev txav mus los tau cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm kev siv lub zog cog. Lub tank T-64B siv 5TDF lub cav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 700 hp, ntawm T-72AV lub tank, tsim ua ntej xyoo 1984, lub cav V-46 nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 780 hp, tom qab xyoo 1984, lub cav V-84 nrog lub peev xwm ua 840hp. Lub tank T-72B1 tseem muaj lub cav V-84. Nrog kwv yees kwv yees qhov hnyav sib npaug ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam no, T-72AV thiab T-72B1 tso tsheb hlau luam muaj cov yam ntxwv kev txav mus los ntau dua piv rau lub tank T-64B.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev siv T-80 tso tsheb hlau luam hauv pab tub rog Ukrainian tsis qhia tias hloov kho cov tso tsheb hlau luam no li cas. Lub tank no tau hloov kho ntau yam, suav nrog lub cav. Muaj qhov ua haujlwm tsis muaj T-80s nrog cov tshuab siv roj av hauv cov tub rog hauv nroog hauv tebchaws Ukraine, thiab lawv tsis tau tsim tawm hauv tebchaws Ukraine. Tsuas yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm T-80UD nrog 6TD-1 lub cav diesel nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 1000 hp. thiab nrog cov txheej txheem tswj hluav taws tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tau tsim hauv Kharkov. Nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los tso rau hauv kev tso tsheb hlau luam nrog lub cav roj cav, uas tsis tau tsim tawm hauv Ukraine. Nws zoo li feem ntau yog cov T-80UD tso tsheb hlau luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim lawv tau nruab nrog ib pab tub rog ntawm cov tub rog thiab ib lub zog tua hluav taws, qhov twg yuav tsum muaj lub zog tua hluav taws siab tshaj plaws thiab txav mus los.
Hais txog cov yam ntxwv sib sau ua ke, cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm pab tub rog Ukrainian yog nyob rau theem ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam siv los ntawm Donbass cov tub rog. Cov ceg txheem ntseeg tau ua los ntawm T-64B lub tank (T-80UD yog kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm T-64B), thiab tsuas yog li ib feem plaub ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam yog T-72AV (T-72B1).
Tso tsheb hlau luam T-72AV (T-72B1) hauv pab tub rog Ukrainian tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no thiab, pom tseeb, qhov no tsis yog los ntawm cov khoom lag luam Soviet, uas tau muag ntev rau cov tebchaws African. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov khoom siv los ntawm cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe Sab Hnub Tuaj, uas tsis xav tau lawv, txij li lawv tau siv riam phom nrog NATO cov cuab yeej siv. Qhov no yuav yog vim qhov tseeb tias hauv cov tub rog lub tsev khaws khoom ntawm cov khoom siv npauj npaim, cov khoom siv tau pib ploj mus, thiab cov tub rog yuav tsum tau rov ua cov khoom siv los ntawm cov tebchaws qub qub qub, ntxiv rau, muaj kho lub hauv paus rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm no. Lviv Tank Kho Tsob Ntoo, uas, nyob rau lub sijhawm Soviet, tau hloov kho cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm tsev neeg T-72. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuab tseem tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov tebchaws qub qub
Thaum txheeb xyuas lub peev xwm ntawm kev lag luam Ukrainian rau kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txij li lub sijhawm Soviet Union hauv tebchaws Ukraine muaj qhov muaj peev xwm loj rau kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Yog li, Malyshev's Kharkov cog cov tshuab tso tsheb loj, thiab hauv nruab nrab-70s nws tsim 96 T-64B tso tsheb hlau luam hauv ib hlis. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau lub chaw kho lub tank, Kharkov lub chaw kho lub tank tau tsom mus rau kev kho dua tshiab thiab hloov kho tshiab ntawm T-64 tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab Lvov lub tank kho cog-rau kev kho dua tshiab thiab hloov kho tshiab ntawm T-72 tso tsheb hlau luam.
Xyoo dhau los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm kev lag luam Ukrainian, qhov peev xwm no tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev, tab sis lub hauv paus tau raug khaws cia. Ukraine tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab ntxiv lawm, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm kho tau thiab kho kom zoo dua qub yav tas los.
Xyoo 1996-1998, Ukraine tau ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus Pakistani rau kev muab 320 T-80UD tso tsheb hlau luam, uas ua tau zoo hauv thaj av suab puam hauv Pakistan. Kev sib tham uas tau tab tom ua nrog Pakistan txij li xyoo 2017 txog kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm T-80UD tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsis muaj dab tsi, Pakistan ua xyem xyav Ukraine lub peev xwm los ua kom muaj peev xwm hloov kho cov tsheb loj mus rau qib T-84U "Oplot" thiab muab lo lus nug no rau Russia.
Txij li thaum 90s lig ntawm Malyshev cog, kwv yees li 85 T-64B tso tsheb hlau luam tau hloov kho tshiab rau qib T-64BM "Bulat", thiab tso tsheb hlau luam tau xa mus rau cov tub rog. Kev hloov kho tshiab suav nrog kev teeb tsa txhim kho kev tswj hwm hluav taws los ntawm T-80UD lub tank ua ib feem ntawm kev kho dua tshiab Irtysh 1G46M rab phom pom, Buran-E pom hmo ntuj, 1V528-1 tank lub tshuab computer, thiab Agat-S tus thawj coj pom hmo hmo nrog kev ruaj ntseg ntsug pom ntawm qhov pom, tiv thaiv dav hlau pom PZU-7 thiab cov txheej txheem ua riam phom nrog laser-coj ua foob pob hluav taws "Kombat" hloov lub foob pob hluav taws "Reflex". Lub cav 5TDFM tshiab nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 850 hp tau teeb tsa.
Cov tso tsheb hlau luam no tau muab rau 1st Tank Brigade, uas tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Donbass xyoo 2014. Qee lub tso tsheb hlau luam tau raug puas tsuaj, qee qhov tau raug puas tsuaj. Hauv xyoo 2017, lub T-64BV Bulat tso tsheb hlau luam raug puas tsuaj tau rov qab los, thiab txhua lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm qhov kev hloov kho no tau muab tso rau hauv chaw cia thiab hloov pauv nrog T-64B tso tsheb hlau luam. Nws tau npaj los teeb tsa cov tub rog tshiab uas tau tsim los nrog T-64BV "Bulat" tso tsheb hlau luam.
Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm T-80UD lub tank yog T-84U "Oplot" tank. Hloov chaw ntawm tus neeg tua phom pom thaum tsaus ntuj, PTT-2 lub ntsuas cua sov tau pom, tsis yog Agat-S tus thawj coj hais kom pom hmo ntuj, pom pom nruab hnub hmo ntuj nrog kev ruaj khov ntawm kab pom ntawm ob lub dav hlau thiab lub laser rangefinder yog ntsia Cav 6TD-1 1000 hp hloov los ntawm 6TD-2 lub cav nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 1200 hp. Txhim kho kev tiv thaiv lub tank, suav nrog kev teeb tsa lub cim tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv "Duplet".
Txog kev tsim khoom ntawm T-84U "Oplot" tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 49 daim, daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe nrog Thaib teb. Daim ntawv cog lus no nyuaj rau siv. Ukraine tau muab cov tso tsheb hlau luam no rau xya xyoo txij xyoo 2011 txog 2018. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm los tsim cov khoom loj ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam no rau xa mus rau pab tub rog Ukrainian; tsuas yog 6 lub tso tsheb hlau luam tau xa hauv xyoo 2018.
Thaum ua tiav daim ntawv cog lus Pakistani hauv tebchaws Ukraine, muaj kev tsim khoom tag nrho ntawm txhua yam khoom tsim hauv tebchaws Ukrainian rau lub tank T-80UD. Qhov no kuj tau txhawb nqa los ntawm kev hloov pauv xyoo 1990 ntawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv rau Irtysh pom lub kaw lus nrog lub laser tswj lub zog "Reflex" thiab tus thawj coj pom "Agat-S" rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom lag luam ntawm Cherkassk cog "Fotopribor" kom ua tiav T80UD tso tsheb hlau luam., ntxiv rau kev pab ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Perm chaw tsim khoom ntawm rab phom "Motovilikhinskie Zavody" hauv lub koom haum hauv Ukraine xyoo 1997 ntawm kev tsim cov phom loj 2A46.
Ukraine niaj hnub no tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm heev ntawm kev tsim kho cov tso tsheb hlau luam yav dhau los thiab coj lawv mus rau qib tam sim no. Nws tuaj yeem hloov kho cov tsheb thauj khoom ntawm T-64B tsev neeg mus rau qib ntawm T-80UD lub tank, uas hais txog lub zog tua hluav taws hla dhau yuav luag txhua qhov kev hloov kho T-72, tshwj tsis yog T-72M1M thiab T-90M tshiab kawg. Qhov no muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov peev txheej tsim nyog thiab rov tsim kho cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv Ukraine ntawm cov khoom siv rau T80-UD lub tank, uas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm siv daim ntawv cog lus Pakistani. Cov tsheb ntawm Soviet lub tsheb tseem tsis tau tag, thiab, muaj lub hauv paus zoo li no, Ukraine muaj peev xwm rov kho lawv thiab coj lawv mus rau qib uas xav tau.
Cov tub ceev xwm hauv tebchaws Ukrainian tab tom ua cov kauj ruam hauv qhov kev qhia no. Yog li, thaum kawg ntawm 2018, Malyshev cog tau muab ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam hauv Kharkov los ntawm kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm yav tas los tso T-64 tso tsheb hlau luam.
Hauv kev xaus, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg tias nrog txhua qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm kev lag luam hauv Ukraine thiab pab tub rog, muaj tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev pabcuam uas tsis qis dua hauv lawv tus yam ntxwv rau lub tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev pabcuam nrog Donbass cov tub rog, thiab kev lag luam Ukrainian yog muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm ntxiv lub nkoj no los ntawm kev kho dua cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas tau tso tawm yav dhau los nyob ntawm qhov chaw khaws cia.
