"Mohawk tsis hloov"

"Mohawk tsis hloov"
"Mohawk tsis hloov"

Video: "Mohawk tsis hloov"

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Video: Nraug txuj kev hlub 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Tswb UH-1 Iroquois yog Asmeskas lub dav hlau ntau lub hom phiaj tsim los ntawm Tswb Helicopter Textron, tseem hu ua Huey. Nov yog ib lub tshuab muaj npe nrov thiab nrov nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kho lub dav hlau.

Cov keeb kwm ntawm UH-1 tau pib nyob rau ib nrab xyoo tsib caug, thaum kev sib tw tau tshaj tawm los tsim ntau lub dav hlau dav hlau, uas yog los hloov lub piston Sikorsky UH-34.

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UH-34

Los ntawm cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm xyoo 1955, kev txhim kho ntawm Tswb Helicopter Lub Tuam Txhab nrog rau kev tsim qauv 204 tau xaiv. Thawj ntawm peb tus qauv ntawm lub nyoob hoom qav taub, xaiv XH-40, tau ya thaum Lub Kaum Hli 20, 1956 ntawm lub tshav dav hlau Hoobkas hauv Fort Worth, Texas.

Hauv nruab nrab xyoo 1959, thawj lub dav hlau tsim hluav taws xob ntawm UH-1A kev hloov kho tau nruab nrog Lub Tshuab T53-L-1A 770 hp. nrog pib nkag mus ua haujlwm nrog Asmeskas Tub Rog. Hauv pab tub rog, lawv tau txais lub npe HU-1 Iroquois (txij li xyoo 1962-UH-1). Qee lub dav hlau nyoob hoom qav taub tau siv ob rab phom 7.62 mm thiab kaum rau 70 mm NUR.

"Mohawk tsis hloov"
"Mohawk tsis hloov"

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1961, tau hloov kho qhov UH-1B qhov siab nrog 960 hp T53-L-5 lub cav tau txais.

Kev them nyiaj ntawm lub dav hlau tshiab tau nce mus txog 1360 kg, thaum nws tuaj yeem nqa ob tus kws tsav dav hlau thiab xya tus tub rog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov iav, lossis tsib tus raug mob (peb ntawm lawv ntawm lub ncab) thiab ib tus neeg nqa mus. Hauv qhov hloov ntawm qhov hluav taws xob txhawb nqa qhov siab, tshuab rab phom thiab NUR tau teeb tsa ntawm ob sab ntawm lub cev.

Thaum ntxov xyoo 1965, UH-1B tau hloov pauv hauv kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm UH-1C (Qauv 540) nrog kev txhim kho lub ntsiab rotor, uas txo kev vibration, txhim kho kev tuav thiab nce siab dua. Lub dav hlau tau tsav los ntawm Lycoming T55-L-7C lub cav. Nws tuaj yeem nqa tau txog 3000 kg ntawm cov khoom thauj ntawm tus swb sab nraud nrog nqa hnyav ntawm 6350 kg thiab txhim kho qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 259 km / h.

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Tsis ntev tom qab tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam, cov dav hlau tshiab tau xa mus rau Nyab Laj. Thawj qhov tau txais muaj 15 lub nyoob hoom qav taub los ntawm Auxiliary Tactical Transport Company, tsim nyob rau hauv Okinawa thaum Lub Xya Hli 15, 1961. Nws cov neeg ua haujlwm tau ua haujlwm nrog kawm txog qhov muaj peev xwm siv UH-1A txhawm rau tsoo lub hom phiaj hauv av thiab thauj cov nyoob hoom qav taub. Ib xyoos tom qab, lub tuam txhab tau xa mus rau Thaib teb, qhov uas nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm SEATO chav, thiab twb txog lub Xya Hli 25, 1962, nws tuaj txog ntawm Tansonnhat airbase nyob rau sab qab teb Nyab Laj. Thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv kom thauj cov dav hlau thauj mus los CH-21 "Iroquois" tau ua tiav thaum Lub Yim Hli 3.

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Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 5, 1963, lub tuam txhab poob nws thawj lub tsheb. Kaum CH-21s thiab tsib tus tub rog Hughs tau koom nrog hauv kev tsaws haujlwm hauv lub zos Ap Bak. Thauj CH-21 hauv plaub nthwv dej tau tsaws rau Nyab Laj Qab Teb cov tub rog. Thawj nthwv dej tau mus txog thaj chaw tsaws thiab tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Cov pos huab poob qeeb tuaj txog ntawm peb pab pawg los ntawm ib teev thiab ib nrab. Nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm nthwv dej thib ob thiab thib peb kuj tau xa cov tub rog yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Lwm ib nrab teev tom qab, plaub nthwv dej tuaj. Lub sij hawm no cov nyoob hoom qav taub tau ntsib los ntawm phab ntsa hluav taws. Txhua lub tsheb tau raug mos txwv. Ib qho "Iroquois" raug tua tawm ntawm lub rotor hniav, nws poob, cov neeg ua haujlwm raug tua.

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Raws li kev paub dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib ntaus, Iroquois tau txhim kho tas li, hloov kho tshiab tau tshwm sim, nrog cov cuab yeej txhim kho thiab cov tshuab muaj zog dua.

UH-1D txawv ntawm txhua qhov nws ua ntej hauv kev nce mus txog 6.23 cubic meters. qhov ntim ntawm lub tsev. Qhov hnyav tau txog 1815 kg. Lub dav hlau tau nruab nrog lub tshuab T53-L-11 nrog lub zog ntawm 820 kW.

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Kev hloov kho ntawm UH-1E tau tsim rau US Marine Corps. Nws txawv ntawm UH-1B nrog kev sib xyaw tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej siv xov tooj cua, thiab pib xyoo 1965 nrog lub rotor tseem ceeb tshiab, zoo ib yam li UH-1C. Ua ntu zus, UH-1E tau tsim los ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 1963 txog rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1968. Lub dav hlau nyoob hoom qav taub tau siv hauv Nyab Laj rau kev tsaws thiab cawm haujlwm.

Piv rau Aviation Cov Tub Rog, Tub Rog Tub Rog muaj ob peb lub dav hlau phom loj. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1967, tsuas muaj ob pawg tub rog UH-1E nyob Nyab Laj teb xwb. Thaum xub thawj, cov no yog cov tsheb nrhiav thiab cawm tsis siv neeg. Tab sis tsis ntev txoj kev txhim kho ntawm kev tawm tswv yim ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab cawm haujlwm coj mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsheb tshwj xeeb. Tubrog nkoj Corps "Iroquois" feem ntau ua tub txib nyob rau Nyab Laj deb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab cawm. UH-1E tau siv tib yam li cov dav hlau pab tub rog. Kuv yuav tsum teeb tsa plaub lub tshuab M-60 thiab NAR thaiv rau lawv. Tsis zoo li cov tsheb tub rog, rab phom tshuab tau teeb tsa ntawm lub nkoj "Iroquois". Xyoo 1967, rotorcraft ntawm Marine Corps tau txais turrets nrog ob lub tshuab M-60.

"Iroquois" txij thaum Lub Rau Hli 1963 pib nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog cov tuam txhab tsheb thauj mus los. Txhua tus ntawm lawv suav nrog ob platoons ntawm kev thauj cov nyoob hoom qav taub thiab pab tub rog tua hluav taws.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov dav hlau ua haujlwm hauv Nyab Laj tau loj hlob sai heev, thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1965 muaj txog 300 "Iroquois" nyob ntawd (uas txog 100 tau ua rau UH-1 B poob siab), thiab thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo kaum xyoo Asmeskas muaj ntau dua " Iroquois "hauv Indochina, ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog ntawm txhua lub xeev hauv ntiaj teb - txog 2500.

Pawg tub rog "huab cua" tau paub dav. Pawg tub rog muaj peb platoons: kev soj xyuas, kev txhawb nqa hluav taws thiab thauj mus los. Thawj yog riam phom nrog lub nyoob hoom qav taub OH-13 lossis OH-23, thib ob-UH-1B, thiab tus thib peb ya ntawm UH-1D. Heev feem ntau kev soj ntsuam thiab nres helicopters ua haujlwm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm nqa tau cov nyoob hoom qav taub, cov rooj zaum thiab cov qhov rooj feem ntau raug tshem tawm, nrog rau cov cuab yeej pabcuam, uas tuaj yeem xa tawm hauv dav hlau. Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kuj tseem raug tshem tawm, uas cov neeg ua haujlwm xav tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Raws li cov kws tsav dav hlau, kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog kev nrawm thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov dav hlau. Tab sis qhov nce ntawm cov yam ntxwv ya dav hlau tsis tuaj yeem lav qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau.

Qhov poob ntawm lub dav hlau helicopters tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev nco txog lub dav hlau engineer R. Chinoviz, uas tuaj txog Nyab Laj thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1967. Tus neeg tuaj tshiab pom tsawg kawg 60 puas thiab puas Iroquois tag nrho ntawm Tansonnhat airbase. Tib lub sijhawm, feem ntau ntawm lub qhov nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub fuselages - cov tua thiab cov kws tshaj lij raug tua thiab raug mob ntau dua li cov kws tsav dav hlau.

Tsis ntev los no, Iroquois tau dhau los ua "haujlwm ua haujlwm" ntawm cov chaw tsav tsheb, cov neeg Asmeskas tau hloov pauv los ntawm kev siv lub dav hlau tig ua ib feem ntawm cov chav me me (pawg - tuam txhab) rau kev tsim ntawm lub dav hlau sib faib. Nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Ob Hlis 1963, kev tsim ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Huab Cua 11 thiab Pab Pawg Tshav Dav Hlau Thauj Av 10 tau txuas nrog nws pib. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm pawg tau txiav txim siab ntawm 15 954 tus neeg nrog 459 lub dav hlau dav hlau thiab dav hlau. Pawg tub rog "huab cua" xav tias yuav tsum muaj 38 UH-1B tua hluav taws nyoob hoom qav taub (suav nrog plaub lub nyoob hoom qav taub nrog SS.11 lossis "TOU" ATGMs) thiab 18 UH-1D thauj nyoob hoom qav taub.

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Kev faib phom loj suav nrog ib pab tub rog ya dav hlau - 39 UH -1B helicopters, muaj riam phom tsis siv. Rau kev ua haujlwm tom qab cov yeeb ncuab kab, kev faib suav nrog lub tuam txhab ntawm "trackers". Kev xa tawm ntawm pab pawg tshawb nrhiav thiab kev ua phem raug tso siab rau rau rau UH-1B qhov siab. Lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib yog ob lub dav hlau tua rog, txhua tus muaj 12 tus tub rog UH-1Bs thiab 60 thauj UH-1Ds. Tsis zoo li lub dav hlau helicopters ntawm "pab tub rog huab cua" pab tub rog, UH-1B cov tub rog ntaus rog tsuas yog siv rab phom-rab phom thiab tau npaj los pab cov tsheb thauj mus los thiab thaum kawg tshem thaj chaw tsaws. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, kev sib cais hauv lub xeev tau xav kom muaj (ntxiv rau lwm yam khoom siv dav hlau) 137 UH-1B nres qhov siab thiab 138 UH-1D thauj nyoob hoom qav taub. Qhov feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog nyoob hoom qav taub cuam tshuam nrog thauj cov dav hlau thauj khoom hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua yog thawj 1: 5, tab sis raws li kev paub dhau los ntawm kev ua tsov rog, cov naj npawb ntawm cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua yuav tsum tau nce: ib UH-1B rau peb UH-1Ds.

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Kev hloov kho siab tshaj plaws siv hauv Nyab Laj yog UH-1H nrog Avco Lycoming T53-L-13 lub cav nrog lub zog ncej ntawm 1044 kW. Nws cov khoom xa tuaj pib thaum lub Cuaj Hli 1967.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua tau qhia ntau tus Hugh qhov tsis txaus. Vim tias qhov nrawm qis, cov tsheb hnyav hnyav ntawm UH-1B kev hloov kho tau yooj yim tsoo los ntawm rab phom tshuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov muaj peev xwm loj, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, lawv tsis ua raws UH-1Ds sai dua. Lub zog tsis txaus ntawm tus Tsov tus tw tau sau tseg - nrog kev tsaws ntxaws, nws tsoo los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog hauv av, puas los ntawm kev tshuab ntau zaus tiv thaiv cov ceg ntoo thaum ya ntawm qhov chaw siab. Lub zog ntawm UH-1D lub cav tau txaus los nqa tsuas yog xya tus tub rog nrog cov cuab yeej siv tag nrho tsis yog cuaj lossis ntau dua, kaum ob. Thaum tshav kub kub, UH-1D, ya saum roob, nqa tsib tus paratroopers saum nkoj xwb. Qhov tsis muaj hwj chim ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa cov cuab yeej hnyav ntawm lub dav hlau. Feem ntau, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov kws tsav dav hlau thauj lawv "nees" raws li txoj cai "nce thaum muaj chaw nyob." Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm dhau, lub cav raug kaw; lub nyoob hoom qav taub poob, tig dua thiab tua hluav taws. Kev rov ua dua yog lwm qhov laj thawj rau kev tsis sib ntaus. Muaj qhov xwm txheej paub thaum tus kws tsav dav hlau rub nws txhais tes nrawm thaum so. Lub nyoob hoom qav taub qaij nrawm, ntes tus xov tooj xa xov nrog lub rotor hniav. Lub tsheb poob lawm.

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Iroquois dhau los, tej zaum, nrog rau Phantom thiab B-52, lub cim uas pom tau tshaj plaws ntawm Tsov Rog Nyab Laj. Tsuas yog 11 xyoo ntawm kev ua tsov rog nyob rau sab Asia sab hnub tuaj, raws li cov ntaub ntawv raug cai, Asmeskas cov tub rog caij nyoob hoom qav taub tau ua 36 plhom lub dav hlau, tau ya mus 13.5 lab teev, 31,000 lub dav hlau nyoob hoom qav taub raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov dav hlau tua hluav taws, tab sis tsuas yog 3,500 ntawm lawv (10%) tua los yog tsaws thaum muaj xwm ceev. Xws li qhov sib piv qis ntawm kev poob rau tus naj npawb ntawm sorties yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau lub dav hlau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua hnyav - 1:18 000. Txawm li cas los xij, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua poob rau hauv kab ntawv "xwm txheej sib tsoo".

Piv txwv li, yog tias lub nyoob hoom qav taub tau tsaws ntawm nws lub tshav dav hlau, qhov uas nws tau hlawv kom nyab xeeb, tom qab ntawd nws tsis suav tias yog poob. Tib yam tshwm sim nrog lub tsheb tsis ua haujlwm, uas tswj tau rov qab los, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau.

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Vim yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm UH-1B qhov kev txhawb nqa hluav taws kub nyoob hoom qav taub, uas raug kev txom nyem hnyav, ib txoj haujlwm tau tsim los tsim los ntawm nws lub hauv paus tshwj xeeb tua AN-1 "Cobra", uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo dua. Iroquois tau dhau los ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau hluav taws me me, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuab siv rab phom loj, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm Viet Cong kev tiv thaiv huab cua.

Ntau pua lub nyoob hoom qav taub tau xa mus rau Nyab Laj Qab Teb; cov tshuab no tau nquag siv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua kom txog rau hnub kawg. Thaum kev tawg ntawm Saigon tsoomfwv tau dhau los ua qhov tsis yooj yim sua, lawv tau siv khiav tawm hauv lub tebchaws.

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Nyab Laj Nyab Laj Qab Teb "Huey" thawb nkoj hla kom ua chav nyob ntawm lub lawj

Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov dav hlau thauj neeg Asmeskas tau xa mus rau Nyab Laj Qab Teb, tau mus tom qab Saigon poob vim yog khoom plig ntawm pab tub rog DRV. Qhov twg lawv tau nquag siv mus txog thaum kawg ntawm yim caum.

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Tom qab ua tiav kev vam meej hauv Nyab Laj, Iroquois tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Feem ntau siv cov nyoob hoom qav taub tau xa mus rau "pro-American" lub tebchaws uas yog ib feem ntawm kev pab tub rog. Ntau tshaj 10,000 lub dav hlau helicopters tau raug xa tawm. Hauv Nyij Pooj thiab Ltalis, lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tso cai; tag nrho, txog 700 lub tsheb tau tsim.

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Thaum muaj hnub nyoog xya caum, raws li UH-1D, ob-lub cav hloov kho UH-1N tau tsim rau Navy thiab Marine Corps (ILC). Lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm PT6T Twin-Pac nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm Canadian tuam txhab Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Canada (PWAC) suav nrog ob lub cav turboshaft tau teeb tsa ib sab thiab tig lub ntsiab rotor ncej los ntawm lub iav. Lub zog tso zis ntawm thawj lub dav hlau tsim tawm yog 4.66 kW / kg. Thaum muaj qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm ib ntawm ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub zog ntsuas hluav taws xob nyob hauv cov khoom siv sib txuas tau xa lub teeb liab mus rau lub tshuab siv hluav taws xob thiab nws tau pib tsim lub zog hluav taws xob nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 764 kW txog 596 kW, rau xwm txheej ceev lossis ua haujlwm tas li, feem.

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Qhov kev daws teeb meem no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ya dav hlau thiab kev muaj sia nyob ntawm lub tshuab thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib lub cav.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sijhawm, tau tsim cov neeg pej xeem version ntawm lub dav hlau. Nws txawv ntawm cov qauv tub rog nyob rau hauv chav ua noj thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

8 Qauv 212 lub dav hlau helicopters xyoo 1979. tau xa mus rau Tuam Tshoj. Qauv 212 lub dav hlau hu ua Agusta-Bell AB.212 kuj tau tsim tawm hauv Ltalis raws li kev tso cai los ntawm Agusta.

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Cov nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm UH-1 tsev neeg hauv Asmeskas Cov Tub Rog tau maj mam hloov pauv los ntawm kev them nyiaj ntau dua thiab nrawm Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk.

Tab sis USMC tsis maj nrawm tso lub tshuab pov thawj zoo.

Kev cog lus Iroquois coj mus rau qhov chaw tsawg dua ntawm lub lawj ntawm cov nkoj ua phem rau amphibious.

Txhawm rau hloov cov laus UH-1N ntawm Tswb Helicopter Textron, thaum ntxov xyoo 2000s, kev pib ua haujlwm tsim kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm lub dav hlau. Qhov khoos kas niaj hnub khoos phis tawj tau ua tiav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm AH-1Z King Cobra qhov siab.

Kev hloov kho tshiab "Hugh" tau txais lub npe UH-1Y Venom.

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Lub nyoob hoom qav taub muaj plaub lub ntsej muag tseem ceeb rotor ua los ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw, 2 General Electric T700-GE-401 cov cav siv roj av, qhov loj ntawm lub cev rau lub cev ntxiv rau avionics tau nce, txheej tshiab ntawm avionics tau teeb tsa, suav nrog GPS thiab lub koos pij tawj digital, thiab cov kab ke tshiab ntawm passive thiab nquag siv xov tooj cua-kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tau raug teeb tsa. Cov riam phom siv ntau tau nthuav dav. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb tau nce mus rau 18 tus neeg, thiab qhov nrawm tshaj plaws yog txog 304 km / h. Kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm UH-1Y tau pib xyoo 2008.

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Tus nqi ntawm tag nrho cov phiaj xwm hloov kho tshiab yuav luag peb puas Hugh thiab Supercobras, ntxiv rau kev yuav cov dav hlau tshiab los ntawm Asmeskas Tub Rog thiab Tub Rog Meskas, yuav tshaj $ 12 nphom. Tellingly, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam tseem tsis tau hnov qab ib yam. Hull systems, avionics thiab UH-1Y kev tawm tsam yog 84 feem pua sib xws nrog cov uas tau hais los lawm AH-1Z King Cobra tua hluav taws helicopters, uas yuav yooj yim heev rau kev saib xyuas.

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Txoj kev nyiam ntxuav cov qauv qub ntawm cov khoom siv dav hlau los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, pom tau zoo hauv 90s thiab 2000s, qhov txawv txav tsis siv rau qee lub tshuab. Tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev, piv txwv li, lub foob pob B-52 thiab C-130 thauj tub rog. Yooj yim, paub thiab ntseeg tau "Hugh" kuj dhau los ua riam phom zoo li no.

Txij li thaum pib tsim khoom loj hauv xyoo 1960, ntau dua 16,000 chav nyob tau tsim. UH-1 hauv ntau yam kev hloov kho. Cov tshuab ntawm hom no tau siv ntau dua 90 lub tebchaws. Feem ntau ntawm lawv tseem nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej. Muab qhov pib ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias cov dav hlau no yuav ya mus rau saum huab cua tau ntau caum xyoo lawm.

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