Txog lub sijhawm muaj kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam USSR (Lub Rau Hli 25, 1941), tsis muaj rab phom tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv lub dav hlau nrog lub peev xwm ntau dua 76 hli hauv Finland. Vim li no, tau sim ua kom haum phom tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv rau kev tua ntawm cov dav hlau dav hlau: 105-mm Bofors thiab 152-mm Canet. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, Finns yuav tsum hloov pauv qhov tsim ntawm rab phom txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nce lub kaum sab xis thiab tsim cov fuses nyob deb rau cov foob pob.
Xyoo 1918, kwv yees li ntawm ib puas 152-mm Kane rab phom tseem nyob hauv Finland; thaum kawg ntawm 30s, qee qhov ntawm lawv tau hloov kho tshiab, hloov cov cuab yeej rov los thiab nce lub kaum sab xis nce mus rau 49 degrees, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau los tiv thaiv dav hlau. hluav taws Tsis tas li ntawd, cov phom tau txais cov ntaub thaiv npog tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm shrapnel. Kev faib ua ntu zus nrog lub fuse nyob deb, tawm hauv lub thoob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 830 m / s, tuaj yeem tsoo lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov deb ntawm ntau dua 10,000 meters. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws yog 4-5 teev ib feeb twg. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov dav hlau tua hluav taws, siv lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav Swedish thiab cov khoos phis tawj siv tshuab. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv Finnish, cov roj teeb ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv tau tua ntau lub foob pob Soviet thiab ib tus neeg tua rog.
Cov phom ntev tiv thaiv dav hlau nruab nrab tshaj plaws yog 75-mm M29 thiab M30 phom muab los ntawm Sweden. Feem ntau ntawm cov phom no, ua ke rau hauv 4-6 rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau roj teeb, muaj Swedish lossis Askiv ua cov khoom siv tua hluav taws. Hauv kev ua tsov rog txuas ntxiv, Kev tawm tsam huab cua ntawm Soviet tau cuam tshuam ntau dua ib puas lub Swedish phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Qee tus ntawm lawv tau teeb tsa ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab rab phom tuaj yeem siv rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj hiav txwv.
Xyoo 1941, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Tab sis cov no tsis yog German cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau niaj hnub no, tab sis cov khoom plig raug ntes hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Thaum Lub Rau Hli, Finland tau txais 24 Fabkis 75-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau M / 97-14 Puteaux.
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim los ntawm Schneider's 75-mm gun gun mod. Xyoo 1897, dhau los ntawm qhov pib ntawm 30s. Fab Kis Aufiere txoj kev tswj hluav taws tsis yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab tsis tuaj yeem tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj ya nrawm dua 340 km / h. Cannons "Puto" nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 6, 25 kg ntawm qhov projectile ntawm 530 m / s muaj qhov ua tau zoo tsis pub dhau 4000 meters. Tus nqi hluav taws - mus txog 15 ncig / feeb. Qhov qis qis ntawm qhov projectile, txawm tias ncav cuag hauv qhov ntau thiab qhov siab, tsis tau tso cai ua haujlwm nrog cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua nrawm. Thiab lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tua phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Fab Kis yog hluav taws kub nyhiab.
Ntxiv rau cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Fab Kis qub, cov neeg German muag 20 Skoda 7, 5 cm Kanon PL kaum phom. 37 thiab 5 cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws raug ntes hauv Czechoslovakia. Finns tseem tau txais 56,000 lub plhaub. Hais txog nws tus yam ntxwv, rab phom no ze rau ntawm rab phom Swedish M29 thiab M30. Nrog thawj qhov nrawm ntawm 775 m / s, qhov tawg ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm 5.5 kg tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 9000 meters. Xyaum tua hluav taws 10-12 rds / min.
Tab sis Fab Kis thiab Czech cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tsis pom muaj zog tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Finland. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm Finnish cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua hauv thawj lub sijhawm ua tsov rog yog Soviet 76-mm phom ntawm 1931 tus qauv (3-K) thiab 1938 tus qauv. Hauv Finland, lawv tau txais lub npe 76 ItK / 31 thiab 76 ItK / 31-40. Hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1941, Cov tub rog Finnish tau ntes 46 76-mm Soviet phom tiv thaiv dav hlau (42 tuaj txog xyoo 1931 thiab 4 txog rau xyoo 1938) thiab lwm 72 rab phom tuaj ntawm cov neeg German.
Rau lawv lub sijhawm, cov no yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv dav hlau zoo heev, tsis zoo dua hauv cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus rau 75 mm Bofors thiab phom Skoda. Nrog rau kev tua hluav taws ntawm 15 rds / min, 3-K rab phom tuaj yeem tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov chaw siab txog 9000 meters.
Txhawm rau tswj hluav taws ntawm Soviet 76-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Finland, tus qauv Soviet PUAZO lossis Czechoslovakian M / 37 Skoda T7 tau siv. Tom qab xaus Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub qub Soviet 76-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau xa mus rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, qhov uas lawv tau ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab-80s.
Xyoo 1941, Cov tub rog Finnish ntawm Hanko Peninsula tau ntes ob rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 85-hli ntawm xyoo 1939. Tab sis, txij li tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws rau cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau no, lawv tsuas tuaj yeem ua hluav taws kub xwb. Hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1944, Finland yuav 18 rab phom Soviet 85 mm, lub zog uas tau nce hauv Tebchaws Yelemees mus txog 88 mm. Cov qub phom Soviet tau txais lub npe 88 ItK / 39/43 ss hauv pab tub rog Finnish. Hloov kho rab phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau 88-mm, raws li lub rooj tua hluav taws, tuaj yeem tua ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 10,500 meters. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws - 15 rds / min.
Cov phom nrog cov log uas tau muab tshem tawm, ua ke rau hauv cov phom rau phom, tau muab tso rau hauv cov haujlwm ruaj khov. Kom tswj tau qhov hluav taws kub, Fab Kis cov cuab yeej PUAZO Aufiere tau siv. Tom qab kev ua tsov rog, 88 ItK / 39 /43 ss tau pauv mus rau cov phom loj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, qhov uas lawv tau ua haujlwm kom txog thaum xyoo 1977.
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1943, kev xa khoom ntawm German lub dav hlau tiv thaiv 88 mm Flak 37 rab phom pib rau Finland. Ib qho kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim rab phom yog kev tsim cov thooj av los ntawm ntau qhov, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov nws cov khoom tawg uas tsis muaj nyob hauv lub tshav pob. Cov phom tau xa tawm hauv ob qhov qauv, thawj pawg suav nrog 18 phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau ntawm lub log tsheb, lwm 72 rab phom, tau txais thaum Lub Rau Hli 1944, tau npaj rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov hauv paus ruaj khov.
Tsis zoo li "yim-yim" qauv ua ntej, Flak 37 phom tau nruab nrog Ubertransunger 37 lub hom phiaj tsis siv neeg, raws li cov ntaub ntawv xa los ntawm cable los ntawm cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws ntawm lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, qhov nrawm thiab qhov tseeb ntawm lub hom phiaj tau nce. Hauv Finland, cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau no tau txais lub npe 88 ItK / 37. Ib txhij nrog thawj pawg ntawm Flak 37, cov neeg German tau muab 6 FuMG 62 Wurtzberg 39 qhov chaw tswj hluav taws.
Lub radar nrog lub kav hlau txais xov parabolic nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 3 metres, nrog lub nthwv dej ntawm 53 cm thiab lub zog siv hluav taws xob txog li 11 kW tuaj yeem kho cov foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau nyob deb li ntawm 29 km. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 10 km, qhov ua yuam kev hauv kev taug qab lub hom phiaj huab cua yog 30-40 meters. Lub vijtsam radar tso tawm tsis yog lub hom phiaj huab cua nkaus xwb, tabsis tseem ua rau lub foob pob tiv thaiv dav hlau tawg.
Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 88-hli German ntawm thawj pawg tau muab tso rau hauv peb lub phom phom rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm Helsinki. Peb caug-rau phom nyob ruaj ruaj ntawm pawg thib ob tseem ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm peev Finnish. Tus so tau tso nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog Turku, Tampere thiab Kotka.
Kev paub txog Finnish yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hmoov sib xyaw ntawm magnesium thiab aluminium rau tiv thaiv dav hlau. Thaum tawg, cov plhaub zoo li no tau dig muag cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov foob pob thiab ua kom yooj yim dua los kho qhov hluav taws. Tsis zoo li cov tub rog German, Finnish 88-mm rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau yeej tsis tau siv los tiv thaiv lub tank, tab sis tsuas yog ua haujlwm tiv thaiv huab cua. Lawv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1967, tom qab ntawd cov phom tau faib rau cov tub rog tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv, qhov chaw uas lawv nyob mus txog thaum pib xyoo 90s.
Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1944, thaum ntu av ntawm Finnish huab cua tiv thaiv kab ke tau nyob ntawm nws qhov siab, thaj tsam Helsinki tau tiv thaiv los ntawm 77 75-88 mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, 41 40 mm tiv thaiv dav hlau phom tshuab, 36 lub teeb pom kev, 13 lub suab ntsuas thiab ob lub German FuMG 450 Freya radars.
FuMG 450 Freya
Tom qab pib kev tawm tsam loj los ntawm Soviet cov foob pob ntawm cov khoom sib sib zog nqus hauv Finland, nws tau dhau los ua qhov pom tseeb tias cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua tam sim no tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv qhov no lossis tsawg kawg ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau tus yeeb ncuab. Finnish fighter dav hlau ua haujlwm hmo ntuj feem ntau tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis muaj rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab teeb pom kev zoo. Raws li kev coj ua tau qhia, lub suab nrov uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau sab qaum teb tau dhau los ua qhov tsis ntseeg tau txhais tau tias pom lub dav hlau ze. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, German kev saib xyuas radars tau pab tau zoo. 20 kW txhua qhov puag ncig radar ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov ntau zaus 162-200 MHz tuaj yeem tshawb pom cov foob pob tawg ze ntawm 200 km. Hauv tag nrho, Finland tau txais ob lub German Freya radars.
Raws li tau hais hauv ntu thib ob ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, Cov tub rog tiv thaiv huab cua Finnish muaj ntau pua pua -40 mm Bofors phom tiv thaiv dav hlau. Cov no yog rab phom yuav los ntawm Sweden thiab Hungary, nrog rau ntes los ntawm cov neeg German hauv Austria, Denmark, Norway thiab Poland. Ib qho ntxiv, kwv yees li 300 Bofors tau tsim ntawm cov tuam txhab Finnish. Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam, cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tso tawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws feem ntau tsis muaj qhov sib hloov pauv tau thiab cov tswj hluav taws sib txawv. Qhov no tau ua txij nkawm, kho vaj tsev thiab kev qhia hauv kev suav nyuaj heev. Thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog txuas ntxiv, kwv yees li ntawm kaum ob 37-mm tsis siv phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntawm xyoo 1939 tus qauv (61-K) dhau los ua cov khoom plig Finnish.
Cov phom 37-mm Soviet tau tsim los ntawm Swedish 40-mm Bofors L 60 rab phom, tab sis nws siv rab phom 37-mm sib txawv nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 730 g. 40-mm Bofors phom loj siv 900 g qhov pib ceev, qhov hnyav tshaj qhov phom sij poob ntawm txoj kev taug qeeb dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Soviet muaj tus nqi hluav taws kub siab me ntsis. Hauv pab tub rog Finnish, rab phom 37 mm 61-K tau xaiv 37 ItK / 39 ss. Kev tsim qauv zoo ib yam li Bofors L 60 tau txais sai sai los ntawm kev suav ua lus Finnish.
Feem ntau ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau uas tau ntes hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tau puas ntsoog, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau kho dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qee cov phom tau nruab nrog qhov ua rau Finnish. Tab sis, txij li tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws rau Soviet rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, lawv feem ntau siv ib tus zuj zus ntawm cov ntsiab lus muaj zog raws li kev siv ob zaug, muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua thiab txhawb nqa hluav taws hauv kev tiv thaiv. Tab sis lub hnub nyoog ntawm ntes 37-hli phom tiv thaiv dav hlau hauv Finland tau luv luv. Cov phom no tau ntsib tas li tsis txaus ntawm cov mos txwv, cov phom rau lawv yeej tsis tau tsim hauv Finland. Thiab cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau lawv tus kheej, xa ncaj qha rau ntawm kab kev sib cuag, muaj kev phom sij heev rau cov phom loj thiab cov tshuaj phom.
Ib txhij nrog rab phom 88-mm Flak 37, cov neeg German tau xa me me ntawm siv 37-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau tshuab 3, 7 cm Flak 37 mus rau Finland hauv kev pab tub rog. Tsis zoo li Swedish Bofors L 60 thiab Soviet 61-K, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau German muaj ob lub log uas zoo ib yam li rab phom tshuab 20 mm. Qhov no txo qhov hnyav thiab nce kev txav mus los. Tab sis German rab phom tsis siv neeg, xaiv 37 ItK / 37, muaj cov mos txwv qis dua li Swedish 40-mm Bofors thiab Soviet 37-mm mod. 1939
Tom qab kev pabcuam sijhawm luv, tsuas yog plaub rab phom 37-mm tseem nyob hauv kev ua haujlwm, thiab qhov seem tsis raug. Lawv kho tau ncua thiab tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev tawm tsam, txhua yam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau German tau muab sau sai.
Thaum Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, Cov Neeg Finns xav tau rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau me me thiab yog li ntawd tau txais txhua yam lawv ua tau. Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1939, cov neeg sawv cev hauv tebchaws Finnish tau txiav txim siab cog lus rau kev muab 88 Italian 20-mm phom tiv thaiv dav hlau Canon mitrailleur Breda de 20/65 mod.35. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev nom tswv, cov neeg German tau txwv ib ntus ntawm kev muab phom tua phom dav hlau, thiab lawv tuaj txog thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1940. Hauv Finland, Italian 20-mm phom ntev raug xaiv 20 ItK / 35, Breda.
Cov phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau no tau tsim los ntawm Fab Kis loj-muaj peev xwm 13, 2-mm tshuab rab phom Hotchkiss Mle 1929 thiab tau txais los ntawm Hotchkiss siv cov cuab yeej siv roj siv tshiab tshiab Swiss mos txwv 20x138B-muaj zog tshaj plaws uas twb muaj lawm 20-mm tuab. Cov phom uas muaj qhov ntev ntawm 1300 mm (65 calibers) tau muab cov projectile, uas muaj qhov ncauj qhov ncauj ntawm 850 m / s, nrog rau kev ntaus nrig zoo heev. Cov zaub mov tau nqa tawm los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab nruj rau 12 txhaj tshuaj, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 200 meters, qhov projectile nkag mus rau 30-mm homogeneous armor. Nrog rau qhov hnyav hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 330 kg thiab tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm 550 rds / min, rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tuaj yeem tua lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 2200 meters.
Cov riam phom tau tshaj tawm tias yog siv ob lub tshuab muaj peev xwm, ntxiv rau kev tawm tsam lub hom phiaj huab cua, txhawm rau tsoo lub tsheb tiv thaiv lub teeb. Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm Karelian Pem Hauv Ntej, 20 ItK / 35 Breda feem ntau siv rau kev tua hluav taws me me thiab ua lub teeb tiv thaiv lub tank. Qee lub tshuab rab phom tau teeb tsa ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom kom muab lub dav hlau tiv thaiv rau kev thauj cov tsheb thauj mus los. Txij li cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau no feem ntau siv rau ntawm kab hauv ntej lossis hauv cheeb tsam pem hauv ntej, lawv qhov kev poob tau siab dua li ntawm lwm qhov 20-mm systems. Txawm li cas los xij, Breda tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom tshuab tau ua haujlwm nrog pab tub rog Finnish txog thaum nruab nrab-80s.
Nrog rau kev yuav cov riam phom tiv thaiv dav hlau txawv teb chaws, Finland tau ua nws tus kheej txhim kho 20-mm phom ntev. Los ntawm L-39 rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank, tus tsim qauv Aimo Lahti tsim ob rab phom 20-mm tiv thaiv dav hlau 20 ItK / 40 VKT. Qhov riam phom no siv 20 x 138 B lub plhaub, zoo ib yam li cov phom German thiab Italian.
Cov riam phom tau dhau los hnyav dhau, hnyav hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus - 652 kg. Nrog rau tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws ntawm ob lub thoob ntawm 700 rds / min, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hluav taws tsis tshaj 250 rds / min. Cov mos txwv tau muab los ntawm cov thawv ntawv xov xwm nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 20 lub plhaub. Hauv tag nrho, kev lag luam Finnish tau tsim me ntsis ntau dua ob puas 20 ItK / 40 VKT.
Kev thauj mus los ntawm lub tshuab ua ke tau nqa tawm ntawm ob lub log tsheb. Vim yog txoj kev tsheb me me thiab tsis muaj cov qauv muaj zog heev, kev rub tsheb tsuas tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm txoj kev zoo thiab ntawm qhov nrawm tsis tshaj 30 km / h. Txawm hais tias tus yam ntxwv sib ntaus sib tua me me thiab txav tau yooj yim, cov tub rog Finnish tau ntsuas 20 ItK / 40 VKT siab heev. Cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau no tseem siv tau txog thaum ntxov 70s ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los.
Hais txog cov naj npawb ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau siv hauv pab tub rog, pom tseeb, Finland tsis muaj qhov sib npaug. Ntxiv rau qhov piav qhia 20-hli phom tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, cov tub rog muaj cov qauv me me thiab ntxaib ntawm Aimo Lahti ntawm hom kem, sawv cev rau Finnish hloov pauv ntawm Oerlikon L phom ntev rau ntau yam 20-mm mos txwv. Xyoo 1943, txhawm rau muab kev tiv thaiv huab cua rau thaj chaw tshav dav hlau, ntau qhov kev tsim ib puag ncig cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub dav hlau tau tsim los ntawm German bicaliber 15/20-mm MG 151/20 cov phom loj. Qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo dua nrog kev tiv thaiv lub dav hlau phom tshuab. Txij li kev sim tsim 13, 2-mm tshuab rab phom ua tsis tau tiav, tsuas yog rab phom loj tshuab rab phom loj ntawm pab tub rog Finnish yog Soviet 12, 7-mm DShK thiab aviation BT. Cov Finns tau teeb tsa lub tshuab siv phom hnyav hnyav rau ntawm lub hauv paus pivot thiab siv nws hauv kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm tshav dav hlau. DShK, ntxiv rau kev rhuav tshem lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv dav hlau, tau siv nyob rau pem hauv ntej ua riam phom tua hluav taws thiab txhais tau tias tua cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Txij li thaum pib xyoo 1944, pab tub rog Finnish muaj txog tsib caug leej tau ntes Soviet rab phom tshuab hnyav.
Nrog rau kev teeb tsa phom loj tiv thaiv lub dav hlau, qhov xwm txheej tau zoo ib yam li nrog rau cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau. Cov tub rog muaj lub vaj tsiaj zoo, ntxiv rau kev sib koom ua ke uas tau hais hauv ntu thib ob ntawm 7, 62 ItKk / 31 VKT thiab 7, 62 ItKk / 31-40 VKT, muaj riam phom nrog Lewis tshuab rab phom ntawm cov tshuab dav hlau, ib leeg thiab ntxaib Soviet aviation tshuab phom DA ntawm nws tus kheej ua pivot kev teeb tsa. Muaj ntau ntau yam kev teeb tsa hauv kev tiv thaiv huab cua, lawv raug xa mus rau 7, 62 ItKk DA thiab 7, 62 ItKk DA2.
Cov Finns tau txaus siab heev los ntawm Soviet lub dav hlau tshuab rab phom ShKAS nrog tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm 1800 rds / min. Cov tshuab phom tshem tawm ntawm lub dav hlau uas tau tsaws tsaws thaum muaj xwm ceev hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv Finnish, tom qab tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub qhov rooj, tau pauv mus rau chav tiv thaiv huab cua raws li qhov tsim 7, 62 ItKk / 38 ss Shkass.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hluav taws kub siab tau poob qis: thaum ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw, ShKAS tau dhau los ua qhov xav tau los saib xyuas thiab feem ntau tsis kam thaum nws muaj plua plav. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm lub tshuab, tshwj xeeb cov khoom lag luam zoo tau xav tau, muab rau Red Army Air Force. Cov Finns tsis tuaj yeem muaj cov mos txwv zoo li no kom txaus.
Ntxiv rau aviation DA thiab ShKAS, pab tub rog Finnish muaj qee tus naj npawb ntawm ib leeg. 1928 thiab rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau ntxaib mod. Xyoo 1930 tshuab rab phom "Maxim", tab sis feem ntau ntau hom ZPU raug ntes los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet yog plaub plaub 7, 62-mm M4 kev teeb tsa ntawm xyoo 1931. Hauv Finland, plaub lub nroj tsuag tau xaiv 7, 62 ItKk / 09-31 thiab lub npe tsis raug cai "Organ". Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov tub rog muaj ntau dua 80 kev teeb tsa 7, 62 ItKk / 09-31.
Txij li kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab ua kua txias hauv lub caij ntuj no nyuaj, qee lub tshuab phom plaub tau rov tsim dua tshiab rau huab cua txias, txiav qhov oval qhov hauv lub casings. Feem ntau, qhov kev hloov kho tshiab niaj hnub no yog qhov ncaj ncees, raws li txoj cai, hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj huab cua qis tau ua rau lub sijhawm luv, thiab cov thoob tsis muaj sijhawm ua kom sov. Ib qho ntxiv, nws muaj peev xwm txo qhov hnyav ntawm qhov system tag nrho.
Qee qhov kev teeb tsa tau muab tso rau ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom kom nrog cov tsheb thauj mus los. Quadruple ZPUs tau siv hauv Finland txog rau xyoo 1952, tom qab uas lawv tau suav hais tias tsis siv lawm.
Thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Zaum Kawg, cov neeg Swedes tau muab 8 mm M / 36 ntxaib. ZPU tau txais hauv Finland qhov kev xaiv nom tswv 8, 00 ItKk / 36, hauv qee cov ntaub ntawv cov riam phom no tau teev ua 8 ItKk / 39 CGG - los ntawm Carl Gustafs Stads Gevärsfaktori. Hauv Swedish rab phom tshuab, rab phom loj heev rau rab phom caliber 8 hli tau siv nrog lub tes tsho ntev ntawm 63 hli.
Qhov kawg ntawm 1939, Great Britain tau pub 100 Vickers Mk 1 7.7mm (.303 Askiv) rab phom tshuab. Cov phom tshuab ua dej txias tau muab tso rau hauv cov tub rog lub tshuab txheem, tab sis lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Soviet tau nce mus. Txij li 7, 7-mm cartridges tau siv hauv Air Force, Cov tshuab rab phom Askiv tau teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuab kho tshuab thiab siv hauv kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm tshav dav hlau. Ib yam li ntawd, ntau dua 40 cua txias Vickers tau siv.
Thaum ntxov 30s, Aimo Lahti tau ua lub luag haujlwm tsim lub dav hlau tshuab rab phom rau siv ua haujlwm sib luag thiab hloov pauv. Lub tshuab rab phom hu ua L-34 nrog tus nqi hluav taws kub ntawm 900 puag ncig ib feeb, raws li cov tub rog L-33, siv lub tshuab 75-round disc. Cov qauv no yuav tsis yog qhov phem nyob rau xyoo 1920, tab sis thaum pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum II nws tau pom meej lawm. Thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Ntxiv, kwv yees li 80 L-34 tshuab rab phom tiv thaiv cov dav hlau Finnish hauv av.
L-33
Ib txhia ntawm cov tub rog tshuab rab phom nrog cov ntawv xov xwm disk tau nruab nrog cov dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau thiab tau teeb tsa rau ntawm qhov tig. Ib qho ntxiv, tau muaj kev tshwj xeeb hloov pauv me me ntawm L-33/36 thiab L-33/39 cov tshuab tiv thaiv dav hlau, uas tseem ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm 80s.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, hauv Finnish ZPUs, uas tau ua qauv sib txawv los ntawm ib leeg, tsis hloov pauv daim cartridges ntawm ntau yam ntsuas thiab tsim khoom tau siv. Tag nrho cov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev khiav lag luam, muab khoom thiab kho.
Txog rau xyoo 1944, Soviet foob pob rau ntawm Finnish lub nroog tau qee zaum thiab cuam tshuam. Xyoo 1941-1943, muaj 29 kev tua ntawm Helsinki; tag nrho, txog 260 lub foob pob poob rau hauv nroog. Qhov hnyav ntawm kev sib tsoo tau nce nrawm dua thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1944. Yog li, Soviet dav-dav dav dav dav ua raws li txoj hauv kev tswjfwm nruj kom thim Finland los ntawm kev ua tsov rog. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv Finnish, ntau dua 2,000 tus foob pob tau koom nrog peb qhov kev tawm tsam hmo ntuj ntawm 6/7, 16/17 thiab 26/27 Lub Ob Hlis: IL-4, Li-2, B-25 Mitchell thiab A-20 Boston, uas poob ntau dua 16,000 qhov tawg thiab foob pob tawg. Finns tshaj tawm tias 22 lub foob pob raug tua los ntawm cov dav hlau tiv thaiv dav hlau tua, thiab cov kws tsav dav hlau German ya lub Bf 109G-6 thov 4 qhov kev yeej ntxiv. Cov nuj nqis no feem ntau yuav ua dhau los, ib yam li cov qhab nia sib ntaus ntawm cov neeg tsav dav hlau Finnish.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, thaum tshem tawm peb qhov kev tawm tsam loj, hnyav phom tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tua txog 35,000 lub foob pob ntawm 75-88 hli caliber. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob hauv siab tias cov hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau tau hloov kho raws li cov ntaub ntawv radar. Tom qab thawj qhov kev foob pob thaum hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 6-7, uas Finnish huab cua tiv thaiv tau pw tsaug zog dhau los, nyob rau ob ntu tom ntej ntawm cov phom loj tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab cov cuam tshuam hmo ntuj, lawv tau npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ua ntej. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no tau ua los ntawm Finnish xov tooj cua cuam tshuam cov chaw, uas tau mloog xov tooj cua mus los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg tawg rog Soviet thiab tswj cov ntsiab lus ntawm tshav dav hlau. Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm ceeb toom thiab tso lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua rau kev ceeb toom siab, Finnish lub dav hlau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau thiab cov neeg cuam tshuam hmo ntuj German tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev foob pob lossis ua rau cov neeg ua tsis tau zoo. Lub hauv paus kev lag luam tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog tsim nyog thiab tsim muaj peev xwm thiab qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej khoom siv tsis tau tso cai rau Finland los teeb tsa txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv huab cua zoo tiag tiag, txhawm rau tsim cov khoom tsim tawm los tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab riam phom.
Tau koom nrog hauv kev ua tsov rog nrog Soviet Union nyob sab Yelemes thaum Lub Rau Hli 1941, Finns cia siab rau thaj av tau txais txiaj ntsig, tab sis thaum kawg lawv raug yuam kom txiav txim siab ua kom poob ntsej muag. Raws li cov lus cog tseg ntawm Paris Kev Pom Zoo Kev Cog Lus, xaus rau lub Ob Hlis 10, 1947, Finland tau them nuj nqis ntau, thiab tseem tau muab thaj chaw Petsamo thiab cov Islands tuaj hauv Gulf of Finland rau USSR.
