Tau ntes cov phom loj tiv thaiv lub tank hauv Cov Tub Rog German … Tom qab kev swb ntawm Belgium, Netherlands thiab Fabkis thaum Lub Rau Hli 1940, Cov tub rog German tau xaus nrog ntau yam khoom plig, ntawm uas muaj ntau txhiab rab phom haum rau sib ntaus sib tua tso tsheb hlau luam. Thaum lub sijhawm khiav tawm ntawm thaj chaw Dunkirk, cov tub rog Askiv ntoj ke mus ua haujlwm tau tso tseg yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hnyav thiab riam phom, uas tom qab ntawd siv los ntawm cov neeg German.
Belgian 47 hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank C.47 F. R. C. Mod 31
Thaum muaj kev sib ntaus hnyav hauv Belgium, uas tau kav txij lub Tsib Hlis 10 txog Lub Tsib Hlis 28, 1940, 47 mm Canon anti-char de 47mm Fonderie Royale de Canons Modèle 1931 (sau luv li C.47 FRC Mod. 31) phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau nquag siv. Phom, tsim xyoo 1931 los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Belgian lub tuam txhab Fonderie Royale des Canons (FRC), tau tsim tawm ntawm cov lag luam nyob hauv ib puag ncig ntawm Liege. Kev xa cov phom 47-mm rau cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm pab tub rog Belgian tau pib xyoo 1935. Txhua tus tub rog tub rog uas yog ib feem ntawm lub tuam txhab tiv thaiv lub tank muaj 12 47 mm FRC cov phom loj. Mod 31. Los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev tawm tsam German xyoo 1940, ntau dua 750 daim ntawv tau tsim.
Phom muaj ib lub thoob monoblock nrog lub tshuab tsis siv neeg ib nrab ntsia ntawm lub tsheb loj riveted nrog cov zawv zawg. Kev tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm cov mos txwv thiab cov shrapnel tau muab los ntawm txoj hlua khi 4-hli hlau thaiv. Muaj ob qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm rab phom - tub rog thiab tub rog. Lawv sib txawv hauv cov ntsiab lus me me: cov tub rog version tau sib zog me ntsis thiab muaj cov log tsheb pneumatic. Cov tub rog lub zog tau hnyav dua, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lub log ruaj khov nrog cov log roj hmab ruaj khov. Rau kev rub, tsheb thauj neeg nees, Marmon-Herrington Mle 1938, GMC Mle 1937 tsheb thiab Vickers Utility tsheb laij teb teeb pom kev tsheb laij teb tau siv. Tsis tas li, hauv qhov kwv yees li ntawm 100 daim, rab phom tau tso tawm, npaj rau kev teeb tsa hauv cov ntsiab lus tua hluav taws ntev. Lawv txawv ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog sib txawv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj lub log tsav thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog tuab dua.
Rab phom tiv thaiv tank C.47 F. R. C. Mod.31 tau ntim txaus kom yooj yim camouflaged. Ib pab neeg ntawm tsib tuaj yeem yob nws thaum hloov txoj haujlwm. Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom hauv qhov chaw tua yog 515 kg. Ntsug tua cov ces kaum: -3 ° txog + 20 °. Kab rov tav - 40 °. Tus nqi hluav taws: 12-15 ncig / min. Lub foob pob ua ntxaij riam phom hnyav 1, 52 kg tawm ntawm lub thoob nrog qhov ntev ntawm 1579 ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 720 m / s. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 m, thaum tsoo ntawm lub kaum sab xis, qhov projectile tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 53 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog. Yog li, rab phom 47-mm Belgian muaj peev xwm tsoo txhua lub tank German hauv xyoo 1940.
47-hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau siv los ua caj npab teeb pom kev zoo rau tus kheej. Lub hauv paus rau thawj lub foob pob hluav taws Belgian yog British Carden-Loyd Mark VI tankette.
Ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws yog chav ua haujlwm tus kheej ntawm lub chassis ntawm Vickers-Carden-Loyd Light Dragon Mk. IIB taug qab tsheb laij teb. Miesse ntawm Bewsingen tau teeb tsa 47 mm C.47 F. R. C. phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm lub chassis no. Mod.31 nyob rau hauv ib nrab rotating ntauwd. Lub tank destroyer tau xaiv T.13-B I.
Ib rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank thiab ob tus txiv neej ua haujlwm tau nyob hauv ib lub tsev ntauwd, npog nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv mos txwv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom ntsia rov qab hauv lub tsheb. Txoj haujlwm tua kab rov tav yog 120 °.
Kev hloov kho T.13-B II thiab T.13-B III muaj qhov qauv "tank" ib txwm muaj, tab sis lub turret tseem qhib rau tom qab. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, pab tub rog Belgian tau txais 200 rab phom tua tus kheej ntawm kev hloov kho: T.13-B I, T.13-B II thiab T.13-B III. Hauv cov tub rog German, rab phom Belgian tau siv lub hauv paus tsim: Panzerjager thiab Panzerjager VA.802 (b).
Tus naj npawb tseeb ntawm C.47 F. R. C. phom ntes los ntawm cov neeg German. Mod.31 tsis paub, raws li ntau yam kev kwv yees, tuaj yeem muaj los ntawm 300 txog 450 units. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Belgium, 47-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau txais yuav hauv Tebchaws Yelemees raws li kev xaiv 4.7 cm Pak 185 (b). Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov phom tau xa mus rau Hungary, qhov uas lawv tau txais lub npe 36M. Cov neeg German tau tso cov phom loj 47-mm nyob hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv ntawm phab ntsa Atlantic.
British 40-mm anti-tank phom Ordnance QF 2-phaus
Tom qab kev tshem tawm sai ntawm cov tub rog Askiv los ntawm Fab Kis, kwv yees li 500 Ordnance QF 2-pounde 40mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank tseem nyob ntawm ntug hiav txwv nyob ze Dunkirk. Ib qho me me ntawm ob-phaus tseem raug ntes hauv North Africa. Raws li kev faib tawm hauv tebchaws Askiv, rab phom yog rab phom tua ceev (yog li cov ntawv QF nyob rau hauv lub npe - Quick Firing). "Ob-pounder" lub tswv yim sib txawv ntawm cov phom ntawm lub hom phiaj zoo sib xws, tsim hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank feem ntau yog lub teeb yuag, txij li lawv yuav tsum tau nrog cov tub rog ua ntej thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv sai los ntawm cov neeg coob, thiab 40-mm Askiv rab phom Askiv tau npaj rau kev tua los ntawm txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv ruaj khov. Thaum hloov mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus, lub log tsheb tau sib cais, thiab rab phom tau so ntawm lub hauv paus qis hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tswb. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, tau muab hluav taws ncig, thiab rab phom tuaj yeem tua ntawm kev txav cov tsheb tiv thaiv txhua txoj kev. Muaj zog ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm cruciform puag nce qhov raug ntawm kev tua, vim tias "ob-phaus" tsis "taug kev" tom qab txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj, khaws nws lub hom phiaj. Ua rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias muaj lub rooj tshwj xeeb rau tus tua phom, qhov kev tsim qauv no zoo ib yam rau cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog tiv thaiv siab, nyob rau sab nraub qaum ntawm lub thawv uas muaj lub plhaub tau txuas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rab phom hnyav heev, nws qhov hnyav hauv kev sib ntaus yog 814 kg. Tus nqi hluav taws - txog 20 txhaj tshuaj / min.
40-mm Ordnance QF 2-pounde phom tiv thaiv lub tank los ntawm 1937 tau tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim los ntawm pab tub rog Belgian, thiab xyoo 1938 nws tau saws hauv tebchaws Askiv. Nws siv qee lub sijhawm thaum ua tiav thawj qhov kev kuaj kom ua tiav raws li cov qauv tub rog. Xyoo 1939, qhov hloov pauv ntawm Mk IX kev thauj khoom thaum kawg tau pom zoo rau rab phom. Thaum xub thawj, "ob-phaus" tsis zoo dua hauv kev siv riam phom nkag mus rau German 37-mm Pak 35/36 phom tiv thaiv lub tank. 40 hli. Ib rab phom-tho qhov taub hau taub hau hnyav 1, 22 kg, nrawm rau hauv lub thoob nrog qhov ntev ntawm 2080 hli mus rau 790 m / s, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 457 meters raws li ib txwm tho 43 mm lub tsho tiv no. Txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom nrog qhov hnyav ntawm 1, 08 nrog kev txhim kho hmoov zoo tau qhia rau hauv cov mos txwv, uas, thaum pib nrawm ntawm 850 m / s, nyob rau tib yam muab 50 mm nkag mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv. Coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb Littlejohn tau tsim rau 40-hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank, hnav rau ntawm lub thoob. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua cov phiaj xwm nrawm nrawm nrog qhov tshwj xeeb "tiab". Mk Kuv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv sub-caliber projectile hnyav 0.45 kg thiab, tawm hauv lub thoob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 1280 m / s, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 91 m ntawm lub rooj sib tham lub kaum sab xis ntawm 60 ° tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 80 mm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tub rog tau muab nrog sub-caliber Mk II shells hnyav 0.57 nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 1143 m / s. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov mos txwv, nws muaj peev xwm kov yeej cov cuab yeej ua ntej ntawm German lub tank nruab nrab Pz. KpfW. IV Ausf. H lossis ib sab ntawm Pz. Kpfw. VI hnyav Ausf. H1, tab sis tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov kev tua tus kheej nyob ze. Qhov txaus siab, Ordnance QF 2-phaus lub mos txwv thauj khoom tsis muaj cov tawg tawg tawg kom txog thaum xyoo 1942, uas txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm tua hluav taws ntawm tib neeg, lub zog tiv thaiv lub zog, thiab tsheb tsis muaj tub rog. Mk II T fragmentation-tracer projectile hnyav 1.34 kg, muaj 71 g ntawm TNT, tau qhia nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm kev ua tsov rog, thaum 40-mm rab phom twb poob lawm lawv qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam.
Hauv cov tub rog German, ntes cov phom Askiv tau txais lub npe Pak 192 (e), thiab cov uas raug ntes hauv Belgium - 4,0 cm Pak 154 (b). Cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank 40-mm tau siv rau qhov txwv los ntawm German African corps. Vim tias tsis muaj kev txav mus los, feem ntau ntawm cov phom tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv ntawm phab ntsa Atlantic. Tab sis, Cov Neeg Germans tuaj yeem siv qee tus lej 40-mm phom nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua tsov rog tiv thaiv lub tank Soviet. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab xyoo 1942, "ob-pounders" tsis ua tau raws li qhov xav tau niaj hnub no, thiab tsis muaj cov mos txwv thiab cov khoom seem hnyav heev txwv tsis pub siv.
Cov phom phom tiv thaiv Fabkis, muaj peev xwm 25-47 hli
Thaum xyoo 1930s, txhua lub tso tsheb hlau luam ua ntu zus muaj cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv mos txwv. Ib qho ntxiv, raws li kev paub dhau los ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib, Fab Kis cov thawj coj tsis tau ntsuas siab txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam kom kov yeej kev tiv thaiv sib sib zog nqus, txhawb ntxiv nrog tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv lub tank. Txhawm rau tawm tsam cov tsheb uas txav qeeb uas tau npog nrog cov cuab yeej tsis ntau tshaj 25 hli tuab, yuav tsum muaj riam phom me me nrog lub suab ntsiag to thiab qhov hnyav tsawg. Uas tuaj yeem yooj yim camouflaged thiab dov los ntawm cov rog ntawm kev suav ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua pitted nrog qhov tawg. Tib lub sijhawm, rau kev tsim khoom ntau, riam phom yuav tsum yooj yim thiab pheej yig li sai tau.
Xyoo 1933, Hotchkiss et Cie nthuav qhia rab phom tiv thaiv 25 hli rau kev sim. Hauv kev tsim rab phom no, kev txhim kho ntawm rab phom tau siv, npaj rau kev tso phom tso tsheb hlau luam, uas tau muab "hauv qab ntaub pua plag" txuas nrog qhov kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ib. Los ntawm kev teeb tsa cov phom ntawm lub tank tsis ua tiav ntawm ob lub log tsheb uas muaj cov zawv zawg thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog me me, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tau txais rab phom zoo tiv thaiv lub tank loj rau nws lub sijhawm. Nws tau lees txais rau hauv kev pabcuam raws li lub npe Canon 25 mm S. A. Mle 1934 (25 mm ib rab phom tsis siv neeg, qauv 1934). Xyoo 1934, lub tuam txhab "Hotchkiss" tau txais daim ntawv xaj rau kev tsim khoom thawj zaug ntawm 200 rab phom zoo li no.
Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom 25 mm hauv qhov chaw tua yog 475 kg, thiab rau qhov muaj peev xwm no Canon 25 mm SA Mle 1934 ua pov thawj tias hnyav heev. Qhov hnyav ntawm 25-mm Fabkis rab phom yuav luag zoo ib yam li ntawm 37-mm German phom tiv thaiv phom Pak 35/36. Cov kev taw qhia ntsug yog nyob ntawm −5 ° txog + 21 °, kab rov tav - 60 °. Hauv qhov chaw tua, rab phom tau dai nrog kev pab ntawm cov sawv ntsug thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntxiv. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tau kawm zoo ntawm 6 tus neeg tuaj yeem tua txog 20 lub hom phiaj txhaj tshuaj ib feeb.
Rau kev tua, tsuas yog siv cov cuab yeej tho qhov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej ua kom zoo li rab phom tau siv. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tracing projectile yog 320 g, cov cuab yeej ua rau tho ib qho-317 g. Raws li kev tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tuam txhab "Hotchkiss", nyob deb li ntawm 400 m ntawm lub rooj sib tham lub kaum sab xis ntawm 60 °, qhov projectile tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 40 mm tuab cov cuab yeej ua rog. Hauv kev muaj tiag, lub peev xwm ntawm riam phom tau zoo dua qub. Thaum lub sijhawm xeem hauv USSR, qhov kev nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej tiag tiag ntawm tib lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev sib ntsib yog: 36 hli ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, 32 mm ntawm 300 m, 29 mm ntawm 500 m. ntawm lub tank.
Rau kev thauj cov phom tiv thaiv lub tank Canon 25 mm S. A. Mle 1934, Renault UE thiab Lorraine 37/38 lub teeb tsheb laij teb tau siv. Txawm li cas los xij, rab phom 25 -hli dhau los dhau los ua "muag heev", vim tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab rhuav tshem cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, kev nrawm hla qhov av ntxhib yog tsis ntau dua 15 km / h, thiab ntawm txoj kev loj - 30 km / teev Vim yog tib qho laj thawj, kev thauj cov phom xa mus rau Tebchaws Askiv Kev Ncaj Ncees tau nqa tawm tom qab lub tsheb.
Qhov sib txawv, xaiv Canon 25 mm S. A. Mle 1934 hloov kho xyoo 1939, tau txais lub tsheb thauj khoom ruaj khov dua, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kev txwv ntawm kev rub nrawm. Cov tub rog tau xaj 1200 ntawm cov phom no, tab sis tsuas yog qee tus tau muab rau cov tub rog ua ntej kev tso cai ntawm Fabkis.
Xyoo 1937, tau hloov kho tshiab - Canon 25 mm SA -L Mle 1937 (tsab ntawv "L" sawv rau leger - "teeb"). Cov phom no, tsim los ntawm l'Atelier de Puteaux cov khoom siv, hnyav tsuas yog 310 kg hauv kev sib ntaus. Sab nrauv, nws tau txawv los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm daim ntaub thaiv thiab lub nyem nyem. Lub kaw lus thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob kuj tau ua kom zoo dua qub, uas ua rau kom muaj qhov hluav taws kub ntau ntxiv.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg, txog rau lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1940, cov tub rog sawv cev tau txais 4225 Canon 25 mm SA rab phom. Mle 1934 thiab 1285 - Canon 25 mm SA -L Mle 1937. Thaum pib Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, txhua pawg tub rog Fab Kis muaj 52 rab phom 25-mm: 12 hauv txhua ntawm peb tus tub rog ua rog (suav nrog 2 hauv txhua tus tub rog thiab 6 hauv cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub tank), 12 hauv kev sib cais tank tuam txhab, 4 - hauv pab pawg neeg soj xyuas.
Kwv yees li 2,500 25 rab phom 25 mm tau raug ntes los ntawm pab tub rog German nyob rau qhov xwm txheej haum rau siv ntxiv. Hauv Wehrmacht, lawv tau txais lub npe Pak 112 (f) thiab Pak 113 (f). Cov phom feem ntau tau teeb tsa hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm phab ntsa Atlantic thiab Channel Islands. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tau pauv mus rau Finland, Romania thiab Ltalis.
Cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog German Sd. Kfz.250 thiab ntes Fab Kis cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv Panhard 178, uas muaj lub npe German Pz. Spah.204 (f), tau siv riam phom 25-mm.
Kev ntes rab phom 25-hli kuj tau siv los tsim cov phom loj rau ntawm tus kheej ntawm lub chassis ntawm lub tsheb me me tiv thaiv tsheb laij teb Renault UE thiab Universal Carrier, tus lej tseem ceeb uas tau raug ntes hauv Fabkis thiab Belgium.
Cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab cov phom loj tua tus kheej nrog 25-mm rab phom sib ntaus hauv North Africa thiab thawj lub sijhawm muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm thaj chaw ntawm USSR. Lawv tau siv tau zoo tiv thaiv cov tsheb tiv thaiv thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam lub teeb, tab sis lawv tus kheej tau muaj kev phom sij heev rau cov phom me me uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov mos txwv thiab cov phom loj loj uas muaj rab phom loj, thiab yog li ntawd raug kev txom nyem hnyav. Vim li no, tom qab xyoo 1942, rab phom 25-mm tsis siv rau hauv ib feem ntawm thawj kab.
47 mm Canon antichar de 47 mm modèle 1937 cannon, tsim los ntawm l'Atelier de Puteaux, ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov phom tiv thaiv phom loj. Phom muaj ib lub thoob monoblock nrog lub kaw tsis siv neeg ib nrab, ntsia ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom nrog lub txaj zawv zawg, tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo daim hlau thiab cov hlau tawg log nrog cov log tsheb roj hmab.
Rau rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm, qhov hnyav hauv qhov chaw sib ntaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev - 1050 kg. Kev thauj cov phom thiab lub hauv ntej kawg nrog lub thawv them nyiaj tau nqa los ntawm pab pawg ntawm plaub tus nees. Txhais tau tias kev siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm yog lub teeb ib nrab taug kev tsheb laij teb Citroen-Kégresse P17 thiab txhua lub log tsav tsheb Laffly W15. Kwv yees li 60 rab phom tau siv los tiv thaiv Laffly W15 TCC lub tank ua kom puas tsuaj, uas yog Laffly W15 cov tsheb thauj khoom tiv thaiv nrog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsis tawg.
Ib rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank 47-mm tau teeb tsa hauv qab tsheb thiab tuaj yeem tua rov qab rau hauv lub tsheb. Nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias qhov kev tawm tsam tus kheej no muaj txoj hauv kev ua tiav tsuas yog thaum ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tawm tsam, hauv txoj haujlwm npaj ua ntej. Laffly W15 TCC cov kais dej tau tsim los ntawm tus kheej tau tsim los txo cov roj teeb tiv thaiv lub tank, txhua tus muaj 5 lub tsheb.
Cov mos txwv thauj khoom ntawm 47-mm rab phom suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke nrog Mle 1936 cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom hnyav 1, 725 kg. Nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 2444 hli, qhov projectile tau nrawm mus rau 855 m / s, thiab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 m ntawm lub rooj sib tham lub kaum sab xis ntawm 60 ° nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 48 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1000 m, kev nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej yog 39 hli. Muab hais tias rab phom tuaj yeem tua 15-20 zaug hauv ib feeb, xyoo 1940 nws ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau txhua lub tank German uas koom nrog hauv Fab Kis kev sib tw. Txawm hais tias rau Canon antichar de 47 mm modèle 1937 muaj qhov tawg ntawm qhov projectle Mle 1932 hnyav 1, 410 kg, hauv pab tub rog 47-mm fragmentation projectiles, raws li txoj cai, tsis nyob, uas tsis tso cai tua hluav taws zoo ntawm cov yeeb ncuab lub zog.
Xyoo 1940, lub tsheb thauj khoom tau tsim los rau 47-hli phom tiv thaiv lub tank SA Mle 1937, muab kev sib hloov ncig. Kev tsim qauv zoo ib yam li cov phiaj xwm tom qab tsov rog Soviet D-30 howitzer thiab tau ua ntej ntau dua ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Cov tsheb thauj mus los, txawm hais tias nws tau muab qee qhov zoo, tsis tas yuav ua kom yooj yim rau rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank loj, uas dhau los ua qhov teeb meem loj hauv kev tsim khoom loj ntawm SA Mle 1937.
47 mm Canon antichar de 47 mm modèle 1937 phom tiv thaiv lub tank tau siv hauv cov tuam txhab tiv thaiv lub tank txuas nrog rau cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog.
Txog thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1940, 1268 rab phom raug tua, ntawm qhov uas 823 tau raug tub rog German tuav, thiab tau siv raws li lub npe 4, 7 cm Pak 181 (f). Qee rab phom tau teeb tsa los ntawm cov neeg German ntawm lub chassis ntawm ntes Fabkis lub teeb taug qab Lorraine 37 tsheb laij teb.
Kwv yees li peb puas rab phom 47-mm nyob rau xyoo 1941 tau nkag mus rau hauv kev pabcuam nrog kev rhuav tshem lub tank ntawm ntau tus tub rog sib faib ua haujlwm ntawm Soviet-German pem hauv ntej. Ua raws li qhov tseeb tias tus qauv Fab Kis ua cov cuab yeej ua phom tuaj yeem tsoo lub tank T-34 hauv lub hauv pliaj nkaus xwb ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 100 m, thiab nkag mus rau ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv lub hauv ntej ntawm hnyav KVs tsis tau lees paub, thaum kawg ntawm Xyoo 1941, txhaj tshuaj nrog cov phom German subcaliber tau qhia rau hauv cov mos txwv. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m, ib qho projectile APCR ib txwm nkag 100 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog, ntawm 500 m - 80 mm. Kev tsim tawm ntawm 47-mm high-speed projectiles nrog nce kev nkag mus rau hauv cov cuab yeej ua tiav thaum ntxov xyoo 1942 vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm tungsten.
Hauv ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1942, feem ntau ntawm txoj sia Pak 181 (f) tau thim tawm ntawm kab thawj. Tom qab poob lawv qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam, rab phom 47-mm tau raug tso tseg nyob rau theem thib ob ntawm lub hauv ntej thiab xa mus rau qhov chaw tiv thaiv ntawm phab ntsa Atlantic.
75 hli rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38, tsim los siv qhov viav vias ntawm Fab Kis kev faib tawm Canon de 75 mle 1897
Hauv Fab Kis thiab Poland, Wehrmacht tau ntes ntau txhiab 75-mm Canon de 75 mle 1897 phom sib faib thiab ntau dua 7.5 lab puag ncig rau lawv. Fab Kis cannon Canon de 75 Modèle 1897 (Mle. 1897) yug hauv xyoo 1897 thiab dhau los ua thawj zaug puas tau tsim cov phom loj uas muaj hluav taws kub ceev nruab nrog cov cuab yeej thim rov qab. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, nws tsim lub hauv paus ntawm Fab Kis cov phom loj, khaws nws txoj haujlwm nyob rau lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua. Ntxiv rau qhov yooj yim version, German cov khoom plig yog Mle. Cov phom, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom niaj hnub thiab cov log hlau nrog cov log tsheb pneumatic.
Thaum pib, cov neeg German siv lawv hauv lawv daim ntawv qub, muab lub npe phom Polish 7, 5 cm F. K.97 (p), thiab rab phom Fab Kis - 7, 5 cm F. K.231 (f). Cov phom no tau xa mus rau "kab thib ob" kev sib cais, ntxiv rau tiv thaiv ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Norway thiab Fabkis. Nws nyuaj rau siv cov riam phom qub dhau los tua cov tso tsheb hlau luam, txawm hais tias muaj cov cuab yeej siv phom rau hauv cov mos txwv thauj mus los vim yog lub kaum taw qhia me me (6 °) tso cai los ntawm kev nqa ib leeg. Qhov tsis muaj kev ncua ua rau nws muaj peev xwm rub tau ntawm qhov nrawm tsis tshaj 12 km / h, txawm tias yog txoj kev zoo. Ib qho ntxiv, Cov tub rog German tsis txaus siab rau riam phom yoog raws nkaus li kev txav mus los ntawm nees.
Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws tsim qauv German pom txoj hauv kev tawm: qhov viav vias ntawm 75-mm Fabkis rab phom Mle. Xyoo 1897 tau muab tso rau ntawm lub tsheb thauj neeg German 50-mm phom tiv thaiv lub tank 5, 0 cm Pak 38 nrog cov zawv zawg tubular thav duab thiab lub log taug kev, muab qhov muaj peev xwm rub nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau txo qis rov qab, lub thoob tau nruab nrog lub qhov ncauj nres. Franco-German "hybrid" tau raug coj los siv raws li lub npe 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38.
Qhov hnyav ntawm rab phom nyob hauv qhov chaw tua yog 1190 kg, uas yog qhov siv tau rau qhov ntsuas no. Ntsug taw qhia kaum los ntawm -8 ° txog + 25 °, hauv kab rov tav dav hlau - 60 °. 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 khaws nws lub piston breechblock, uas tau muab tus nqi txaus txaus ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 10-12 rds / min. Cov mos txwv suav nrog kev sib sau ua ke ntawm German, Fabkis thiab Polish ntau lawm. Cov mos txwv German tau sawv cev los ntawm peb hom kev sib sau ua ke, Fab Kis nrog cov qauv txheej txheem tawg tawg tawg tawg loj me me Mle1897, cov cuab yeej siv phom-tho qhov zoo li ntawm Polish thiab Fab Kis ntau lawm.
Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv rab phom hnyav 6, 8 kg tshuav ib lub thoob nrog qhov ntev ntawm 2721 hli nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 570 m / s, thiab ntawm qhov deb ntawm 100 m ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm 60 ° nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau 61 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua rog.. Vim tsis txaus cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau hauv 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 mos txwv, lawv tau tshaj tawm cov mos txwv 7, 5 cm Gr. 38/97 Hl/A (f), 7, 5 cm Gr. 38/97 Hl/B (f) thiab suav nrog tus lej 7, 5 cm Gr. 97/38 Hl / C (f). Lawv qhov pib ceev yog 450-470 m / s, lawv qhov kev tua tau zoo yog txog 1800 m. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv German, cov phom ntau ib txwm nkag mus txog 90 mm ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, ntawm lub kaum sab xis 60 ° - txog 75 hli. Cov cuab yeej nkag mus rau hauv cov phom loj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tawm tsam cov tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrab, thiab thaum tua ntawm ib sab nrog hnyav hnyav. Ntau zaus ntau dua rau kev tua ntawm lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv phom, rab phom 75-hli "hybrid" tau siv tiv thaiv tib neeg lub zog thiab lub zog tiv thaiv lub zog. Xyoo 1942-1944, kwv yees li 2.8 lab tau tsim.txhaj tshuaj nrog cov tawg tawg tawg tawg ntau thiab kwv yees li 2, 6 lab - nrog cov mos txwv sib sau ua ke.
Qhov me me ntawm 75-mm phom 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 thiab muaj lub log ntxiv nyob hauv qab txaj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm yob nws los ntawm cov neeg coob.
Qhov zoo ntawm rab phom Fab Kis-German suav nrog muaj peev xwm siv tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntes tawg tawg tawg tawg, uas ob qho tib si siv hauv lawv daim ntawv qub thiab hloov pauv mus rau qhov sib ntxiv. Qhov hnyav me me ntawm 7.5 cm Pak 97/38, piv rau 5.0 cm Pak 38, muab cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, thiab cov duab tsis zoo ua rau nws nyuaj rau pom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub qhov ncauj qis tshaj ntawm 7, 5cm Pak 97/38 qhov projectiles ua rau nws siv tau, ua ntej tshaj plaws, suav nrog qhov projectiles, uas los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tsis muaj peev xwm tsim tau thiab siv thev naus laus zis, los tawm tsam tso tsheb hlau luam. Lawv muaj kev tua ncaj qha tsis txaus, nce kev tawg thaum lub sij hawm tua thiab tsis ib txwm ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm fuses.
Rau kev thauj mus los ntawm 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 pab pawg nees, tsheb thauj khoom log, nrog rau lub teeb pom kev taug qab tsheb laij teb Vickers Utility Tractor B, Renault UE thiab Komsomolets tau siv.
Kev tsim tawm ntawm 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 tau ua tiav txij Lub Ob Hlis 1942 txog rau Lub Xya Hli 1943. Hauv tag nrho, kev lag luam tsim 3,712 rab phom, nrog 160 rab phom kawg siv lub tsheb 75 mm 7, 5 cm Pak 40 phom tiv thaiv lub tank. Cov phom no tau ntsuas 7, 5 cm Pak 97/40. Cov kab ke no hnyav ib thiab ib nrab ib nrab ntau dua, tab sis cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub pob zeb tsis hloov pauv.
Qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1943, Cov Neeg German nyob rau tom teb tau teeb tsa 10 phom 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 ntawm lub chassis ntawm lub Soviet T-26 lub tank. Tank destroyer muaj npe 7, 5 cm Pak 97/38 (f) auf Pz.740 (r).
Ntxiv rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Poob, cov lej me me ntawm 75 hli phom sib tua hauv Libya thiab Tunisia. Lawv kuj tseem pom daim ntawv thov nyob hauv txoj haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm phab ntsa Atlantic. Ntxiv rau Wehrmacht 7, 5cm Pak 97/38 tau xa mus rau Romania thiab Finland.
Txawm hais tias 7, 5cm Pak 97/38 tsis tshua muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tus lej 50mm 5, 0cm Pak 38 thiab 75mm Pak 40 phom tiv thaiv lub tank muab rau cov tub rog, kom txog rau thaum ib nrab xyoo 1942 lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev sib ntaus sib tua Thaum tau txais cov phom loj no, kev sib faib me me tuaj yeem tawm tsam cov tsheb loj thiab nruab nrab, rau kev puas tsuaj uas yav tas los lawv yuav tsum siv rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau 88-mm. Feem ntau ntawm 7, 5cm Pak 97/38 ntawm Sab Hnub Poob tau ploj thaum ntxov xyoo 1943. Twb tau nyob hauv nruab nrab xyoo 1944, 75-mm "hybrid" phom tau ploj mus hauv cov tub rog tiv thaiv tank ntawm thawj kab. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1945, me ntsis ntau dua 100 daim ntawv tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam, tsim nyog rau kev siv tau.
