Submachine phom MP5, "Yati-Matik" thiab "Spectrum".
Lawv dhau los ua kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kab ntawm hom riam phom me no thiab cov lus teb rau cov teeb meem tom ntej ntawm lawv lub sijhawm.
Zoo lig dua li tsis tau
Txawm hais tias kev xaiv tsa ntawm cov tub rog hais txog yam riam phom twg lawv xav tawm tsam nrog thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, qhov xav tau rau kev siv phom submachine ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab tau pom tsuas yog thaum ntxov 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Ntxiv mus, raws li tau sau tseg hauv tsab xov xwm dhau los, cov qauv tau tshwm sim los tsim cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm hom riam phom no. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum pib ob qho tib si "Uzi" thiab ntau lwm cov duab ntawm rab phom submachine ntawm lub sijhawm tom qab ua tsov rog tau yug los raws li … ib hom "riam phom thoob ntiaj teb", uas yog, lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv lawv txoj kev txhim kho zoo ib yam li xyoo 20s thiab 30s - cov ntawd. cov neeg tsim qauv nrhiav los tsim ib qho piv txwv "rau txhua lub sijhawm." Thiab tom qab ntawd tib yam "Uzi" tau pib "ntsws", "Scorpion" tau tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd "Ingram", thaum lwm tus tsim qauv tau txhawj xeeb txog kev nce cov cuab yeej nkag mus thiab nce cov mos txwv ntawm lawv cov PPs, lossis lawv yooj yim thiab raug ntawm kev tua, lossis sim daws qhov teeb meem no hauv ib qho nyuaj …
MP5: thev naus laus zis nyuaj, tab sis ntseeg tau
Ntawm qhov kawg yog cov kws tsim txuj ci (Thilo Müller, Manfred Guchring, Georg Seidl, thiab Helmut Baureter) ntawm lub tuam txhab German Heckler & Koch, uas xyoo 1963 tau koom nrog hauv kev sib tw ntawm Ministry of Interior ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees rau kev tsim tshwj xeeb submachine rab phom rau phom tshwj xeeb ntawm tub ceev xwm German, uas tseem tab tom tsim. Cov riam phom xav tau qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, qhov hluav taws kub siab thiab qhov me me. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1964, lub tuam txhab tsim cov qauv ntawm rab phom submachine tshiab, uas xub tau txais NK54 qhov ntsuas, qhov twg tus lej "5" qhia txog hom riam phom, thiab tus lej "4" - cov mos txwv siv.
Xyoo 1966, rab phom submachine tshiab tau sim ua tiav hauv qee qhov ntawm kev pabcuam ciam teb thiab tub ceev xwm ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, tau txais nws lub npe tam sim no thiab tau muab tso rau hauv kev pabcuam. Cov riam phom tau txhim kho tas li thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho tam sim no, thiab tseem nquag muag thoob ntiaj teb rau txhua tus.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev thov rau nws yuav tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb yog tias nws tsis yog rau qhov kev paub dhau los ntawm kev siv hauv ntau qhov kev sib ntaus tub rog, uas qhia tau tias nws ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog li, xyoo 1972, MP 5 tau siv los tawm tsam cov neeg phem uas txeeb lub tsev so nrog cov neeg ncaws pob Israeli thaum lub sijhawm Olympic Olympics. Xyoo 1977, ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Tsoom Fwv Tebchaws Yelemees, ua tub rog nrog MR 5, tau koom nrog kev tso tawm lub dav hlau Boeing 737 uas raug ntes ntawm Lufthansa lub tuam txhab. Xyoo 1980, Cov Tub Rog Tshwj Xeeb Askiv tau siv rab phom submachine no rov qab los ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm Iranian Embassy hauv London. Ib qho ntxiv, MP 5 tau siv los ntawm ntau yam kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb hauv Asmeskas txhua lub sijhawm no, thiab xyoo 1990-2000 nws tau siv los ntawm pab tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm ntawm Pakistan hauv kev tawm tsam cov Taliban, ob qho tib si ntawm nws thaj chaw thiab nyob sib ze Afghanistan. Tag nrho cov piv txwv no ntawm kev siv kev sib ntaus ntawm MP 5 tau tshuaj xyuas, nws cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus tau raug sau tseg, uas ua rau muaj kev thov siab rau nws. Niaj hnub no rab phom submachine no tau muag hauv ntau dua 100 yam sib txawv, uas yeej hais txog nws qhov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev lag luam muaj koob npe.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais tam sim ntawd rab phom submachine tau dhau los ua qhov zoo rau nws cov neeg tsim khoom. Txawm hais tias nws tua 9 × 19 hli Parabellum mos txwv, tus qauv rau feem ntau ntawm Western PPs, lub zog qhov ncauj ntawm nws qhov kev txhaj tshuaj yog 650 J, uas yog 20-30% siab dua li tus naj npawb ntawm nws cov neeg sib tw. Thiab qhov no tsis yog kev txaus siab xwb. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog cov ntsuas siab dua ntawm kev ua yeeb ncuab puas tsuaj. Vim yog siv cov ntaub ntawv polymeric tshiab, cov qauv tau ua kom lub teeb yuag me ntsis, tab sis ruaj khov. Thiab raug tsim tawm nrog cov cuab yeej zoo, txhua qhov ntawm nws ua ke ua haujlwm tau zoo heev. Kev cog lus ntawm MP5 tau sau tseg, txawm hais tias qhov muag pom qhov muag nws tsis zoo li me me, es tsis zoo li qub. Tab sis qhov no yog kev xav ntawm cov tub rog tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tsum tawm tsam nrog rab phom submachine hauv nroog cov nroog thiab thaj chaw nyob, thiab ntawm no nws qhov loj me yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog tias nws tsis tsim nyog nyuaj, tsis muaj leej twg yuav hu nkauj qhuas nws!
MP5A3 SD - hloov pauv nrog kev ua kom lub suab nrov. Nrog nws txoj kev pab, nws muaj peev xwm ntog lub suab ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj kom nws thiaj li siv tsis tau hnov ntawm qhov deb ntawm 30 m.
Kev siv ntau yam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem dai ntawm MP5, tau sau tseg. Qhov no yog txheej txheej teeb nyem loj, ua kom lub suab ntsiag to, sib tsoo thiab pom qhov muag pom, nthuav tawm txoj hauv kev loj tshaj plaws uas muaj peev xwm siv PP MP5. Nws qhov zoo muaj xws li phosphating ntawm nws cov hlau nto, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv nws hauv ntau yam huab cua.
Kim, yog ntxim hlub, pheej yig, tab sis lwj
Tus nqi siab yog kab tias qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm rab phom submachine no, uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm txhua qhov ua tau zoo saum toj no. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov neeg tsim qauv siv lub kaw ib nrab tsis pub dawb nrog cov menyuam txo qis hauv nws, uas twb nyuaj rau nws tus kheej, thiab … yog kim. Zoo li tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj ntawm HK G3 rab phom tsis siv neeg, nws muaj ob ntu, nrog ob lub tog raj kheej kheej nyob rau pem hauv ntej, uas txav sib nrug ntawm lub nraub qaum ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj thaum nws txav mus los. Ntawd yog, kev tua yog nqa nrog lub qhov rooj kaw, thiab hom ua rau ntawm MP5 yog hom ntaus, thiab txhua yam no tau ua tiav ntawm nws txhawm rau txhawm rau nce qhov tseeb ntawm kev tua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws raug rho tawm nrog txhaj tshuaj ib leeg. Tab sis txhua yam zoo ib yam, qhov kev tsim qauv tsis tsuas yog ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm PP yooj yim dua, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb, qee zaum, nce tus nqi ntawm riam phom nws tus kheej! Piv rau cov qauv qub ntawm rab phom submachine, nws tus nqi yog ob peb xaj ntawm qhov ntau dua ib zaug. Ntxiv mus, qhov laj thawj tsis yog tsuas yog tus nqi siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho niaj hnub xav tau rau kev tsim khoom, tab sis kuj tseem raug nqi siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Yelemes, thiab, raws li, cov khoom seem kim thiab cov khoom siv uas xav tau rau nws cov haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Yog li ntawd, cov tub rog, raws li txoj cai, tsis muaj cov PPs no. Nws yuav kim heev rau kev siv nyiaj tub rog.
Tab sis tseem muaj lus hais …
Cov lus hais kom ua haujlwm tau zoo rau MP5 yog raws li hauv qab no: thaum raug rho tawm, lub thoob tawm ntau heev, uas txo qhov raug ntawm kev tua. Txhua yam riam phom nrog cov menyuam kaw - thiab MP5 tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb "tsis nyiam" kev sib kis thiab xav tau kev tu thiab ua kom lub cev tsis tu ncua nrog cov roj "muaj npe". Nws tsis yooj yim rau rov rub lub phom submachine no ib yam. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum xub rub tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj rov qab, thiab ntxig rau qhov rov qab tuav rau hauv lub qhov ntawm qhov ntsia liaj qhov rooj ncua, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tshem cov ntawv xov xwm khoob thiab ntxig tag nrho. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog txhua yam: tam sim no koj yuav tsum tshem lub qhov rooj kaw los ntawm kev ncua los ntawm nias ntawm nws tus tes tuav. Ntawd yog, txhua qhov ua ke nws yog li 35-45 vib nas this. Ntxiv mus, txhua qhov "yam ntxwv" no yog tus yam ntxwv tsis yog ntawm MP5 nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog txhua yam riam phom raws li rab phom G3. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij tau ua tiav nrog txhua qhov ua tsis tiav thiab … xaiv MP5 los tawm tsam cov neeg phem.
Xws li tus qauv Finnish coj txawv txawv
Zoo, tam sim no cia peb nco ntsoov tias muaj qee qhov kev sim los tsim rab phom submachine, "niaj hnub" rau lub sijhawm ntawd, nrog rau kev tua hluav taws kom raug. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 7, 2014, twb muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm VO ntawm Finnish Yati-Matik submachine phom, tsim los ntawm Finnish tus tsim Yali Timari xyoo 1978, thiab nws tau piav qhia ntxaws li cas, txhawm rau ua tiav lub hom phiaj no, nws tau hloov pauv tag nrho txheej txheem ntawm nws riam phom: muab tus ntsia liaj qhov rooj rau nws, zawv zawg sab hauv cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj ntawm lub kaum me ntsis, thiab rab yaj phom tuav tau nce mus rau qib ntawm lub thoob. Tab sis txawm hais tias txhua qhov kev dag no, nws tsis tau tswj kom ua tiav qhov tshwj xeeb zoo dua li lwm PPs.
Submachine phom "Yati-Matik", txij li xyoo 1995-GG-95 (tsim los ntawm "Golden Gun") nrog cov ntawv xov xwm rau 40 ncig. Los ntawm txoj kev, teeb tsa riam phom rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tshwm sim thaum qhib lub hauv ntej tuav, uas yog lwm qhov ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv qub. Ua ntej nws yuav tsum tau khawm rau pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab ntawd rub rov qab. Yog li los ntawm tus cwj pwm, tsis paub qhov "dag" no los ntawm rab phom submachine, thiab koj yuav tsis tua! Ib qho ntxiv, nrog rau cov ntawv xov xwm, nws tsis yooj yim heev los tua nws thaum pw.
"Spectrum": rau qhov xav tau ntawm tub ceev xwm thiab pab tub rog
Tej zaum cov neeg sib tw tsim nyog tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam PPs rau MP5 yog Italian "Spectrum" M4 ntawm "CITES" tuam txhab hauv Turin (muaj kab lus hais txog nws ntawm VO rov qab rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24, 2011), thiab nws, tej zaum, tej zaum yuav raug suav hais tias yog tus qauv ua tiav "rab phom submachine thoob ntiaj teb" rau txhua lub sijhawm, thiab tsis yog rau kev tawm tsam cov neeg phem.
Nws tus tsim, Roberto Teppa, xav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib ntaus sib tua tub rog ntawm tub ceev xwm thiab cov neeg phem hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum thiab ntsuas lawv cov txiaj ntsig. Nws tau muab tawm tias cov neeg ua phem muaj qhov zoo dua, txij li kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tshem lawv cov riam phom los ntawm kev nyab xeeb, tom qab ntawd tsa thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tua. Lub caij no, txhua lub sijhawm no, "cov neeg phem" tab tom raug tua. Ua tiav qhov no, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim rab phom submachine uas muaj peev xwm tua tib yam li rab phom - uas yog, los ntawm kev yooj yim rub lub ntsuas, thiab ntxiv rau - kom muaj lub peev xwm tab sis cov ntawv me me.
Thiab peb tau tswj los daws qhov teeb meem no. Thiab lawv cov phom submachine tig los ua tus nqi pheej yig dua li MP5! Thiab nws cov khoom tsim tawm tau siab: tus txais tau thwj cim, cov tuav rau tuav yog yas. Tshuag tau tsim los kom nws quav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txawm tias qhov kev tawm tsam uas nws tuaj yeem ntes tau ntawm cov khaub ncaws tsis nyob ntawm nws. Thiab nws yog qhov me me, thiab yog li yooj yim rau zais zais. Lub breech yog pub dawb, tab sis qhov hluav taws kub tau nqa nrog lub breech kaw, uas yog, lub tshuab ua haujlwm yog hom rauj. Ntxiv mus, nws tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev ib yam li hauv rab phom nrog ob qhov ua rau ua. Qhov no tso cai rau koj nqa PP nrog daim cartridge hauv chav, tab sis thaum muaj kev tawm tsam sai, tus tua tsis tas yuav nkim sijhawm xa daim cartridge thiab tsoo lub ntsia hlau ntawm rab phom.
Cov kev pom tau yooj yim heev thiab suav nrog qhov pom tau yooj yim, 50 thiab 100 m nrog U-puab tag nrho thiab lub ntsej muag pom tom hauv ntej ntawm tus pas nrig yooj yim.
Lwm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm "Spectrum" yog qhov yuam kom txias ntawm nws lub thoob. Lub qhov rooj kaw rau nws tau tsim los kom thaum txav rov qab los, nws tsav cua los ntawm lub thoob lub thoob, uas tso cai rau hluav taws kub heev yam tsis ntshai kev sov. Nws cov ntawv xov xwm kuj tseem txawv txawv: nws yog plaub kab thiab tau tsim rau 50 kab. Tib lub sijhawm, nws zoo ib yam li 30-puag ncig hauv MP5! Los ntawm txoj kev, nws txoj kev rov thauj khoom tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob qhov tuav me me ntawm ob sab ntawm sab saud ntawm tus txais, uas yog, nws tuaj yeem siv ob sab laug thiab sab xis.
"Spectrum" tig los ua lub teeb pom kev zoo (2, 8 kg tsis muaj daim cartridges), nrog rau qhov hluav taws kub siab (850 rds / min) thiab siv tau yooj yim. Txhawm rau nyiam cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws, ntxiv nrog rau tus qauv chambered rau Parabellum cartridge, kev hloov kho kuj tseem muaj rau Smith thiab Wesson cartridges 10, 16-mm thiab 11, 43-mm ACP.
Ntawd yog, hauv 70s thiab 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, nws yog rab phom submachine uas dhau los ua riam phom tseem ceeb rau kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov neeg phem, feem ntau yog nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm hom riam phom no tseem muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm "riam phom" thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm riam phom tshwj xeeb!
