Cov khaub ncaws hnav ib txwm nthuav. Lub sijhawm kawg peb tau nres ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev hloov pauv zoo ib yam tau ua nyob hauv pab tub rog ntawm Tsoomfwv. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog qhov ntau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb sib txawv ntawm Cov Pem Hauv Ntej tau tawm tsam nyob rau sab ntawm cov koom pheej: cov koom haum ntawm kev coj noj coj ua sib txawv, sib koom ua ke kom tshem tawm Nazis.
Ua haujlwm tag nrho (mono), xaws los ntawm grey, ntsuab thiab xiav paj rwb canvas, dhau los ua cov khaub ncaws ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg sib cais, thiab nws yog nws leej twg kuj tau dhau los ua ib hom khaub ncaws zoo rau ntau milisianos, tsis yog txiv neej, tab sis kuj yog poj niam. Cov kws tsav dav hlau ntawm cov Republicans kuj tseem nrov heev, tsuas yog tsis muaj tassels, tab sis thaum kawg nws yog tus txiv neej nyob rau hauv mono thiab cap uas dhau los hauv Spain tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus duab ntawm tus neeg tua rog rau kev ywj pheej ntawm cov koom pheej.
Cov cim tshiab tseem suav nrog cov hnub qub thiab lawv ua ke thiab tau xaws rau hauv cov khaub ncaws nrog rau braids. Cov tub ceev xwm tau xaiv los ntawm cov kab rov tav kab rov tav kab uas hla ntawm cov ntiv taw ntawm lub tes tsho: tus thawj coj muaj peb kab txaij zoo li no. Cov neeg lis haujlwm hauv lub hauv paus muaj cov plaub hau dav dua, hnav nrog lub hnub qub liab, hauv qab ntiv taw. Tus tub ceev xwm thiab tub ceev xwm tau txawv los ntawm lub hnub qub yam tsis muaj edging thiab nrog kab liab liab ntsug saum lub cuff. Cov cim ib yam tau nyob ib puag ncig lub hau rau sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub cim ntawm ceg ntoo ntawm pab tub rog, thaum lub hnub qub tau txuas rau lub crown. Cov koom pheej ntawm Republican muaj lub chevron liab nrog lub kaum sab xis saum hauv qab ntawm lub tes tsho, tab sis nws tsis xav tias yuav muaj lub hnub qub.
Cov nom tswv nom tswv muaj lub hnub qub liab nyob hauv lub voj voog liab thiab nqaim lossis dav kab txaij liab los ntawm qib (los ntawm txoj haujlwm) hauv qab nws. Lawv tau theej tawm ntawm lub hauv siab pluaj thiab feem ntau ntxiv nrog lub caj dab liab, yog li tus neeg sawv cev tau pom los ntawm qhov deb!
Cov thawj coj ntawm Republican hnav peb lub hnub qub liab ntawm lawv lub hauv siab thiab lub tes tsho, teeb tsa hauv daim duab peb sab, nrog tus pas nrig kub thiab saber ntawm lawv. Lub ncov ntawm lawv lub kaus mom (zoo li ntawm ntau tus tub ceev xwm ') tau kho nrog kub raws ntug. Lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm Spain tau ci hauv kub hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov pab pawg ua ntej, tab sis muaj lub hnub qub liab nyob saum cov yas saum nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov thawj coj loj thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm dav dav tau hnav txog plaub lub ntsej muag peb lub ntsej muag lub hnub qub, uas tau muab tso rau saum daim paib. Tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog muaj ib tus, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thib peb. Lub cim ntawm peb txoj kab hluav taws xob tau raws li hauv qab no: cov neeg koom nrog hauv zej zog, cov koom txoos thiab txhua tus neeg koom siab tawm tsam kev ntxub ntxaug!
Lub tsib-lub hnub qub tseem tau siv hauv Republican Navy.
Cov tub ceev xwm nyob qib ntawm cov neeg tsav dav hlau ntawm cov koom pheej tseem tau xaiv nrog braids. Cov kws tsav dav hlau muaj "tis" ntawm lawv lub hauv siab me ntsis siab dua braids, thiab txawm tias siab dua - lub hnub qub liab. Air Force emblem yog kub ya ya, npog los ntawm plaub lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag, thiab saib zoo dua li Franco lub cim nyiaj.
Carabinieri thiab National Guards tseem hnav lub tsho xiav mono tag nrho thiab lub kaus mom ntsuab-ntsuab nrog cov xim liab. Cov neeg tiv thaiv cua daj cua dub muaj lub ntsej muag xiav nrog cov hlua nyiaj, cov cim thiab cov khawm. Qhov tseeb, nws yog lawv cov khaub ncaws hnav, thiab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua lawv tawm tsam txhua yam hauv tib lub mono, tsuas yog grey, tab sis hauv lub kaus mom xiav nrog paj ntaub nyiaj. Cov mos txwv yog tawv dub lossis xim av. Cov tub ceev xwm siv kev ruaj ntseg siv cov tub rog tiv thaiv tub rog, tab sis lawv tau yooj yim sib txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv tau siv riam phom nrog Mauser tsis siv neeg Mauser "Astra" nrog ntoo ntoo-pob tw.
Ntau yam khoom ntawm cov khaub ncaws, nrog rau txhua yam ntxiv, tau xa mus rau Spain los ntawm Soviet Union. Dav dav hlau thiab lub kaus mom hlau tiv thaiv, suav nrog, khau, mos txwv - txhua qhov no tau mus nrog cov khoom siv tso tsheb hlau luam thiab dav hlau.
Ntawm no peb digress me ntsis thiab nco txog pes tsawg tus kws pab tswv yim tub rog Soviet tuaj txog hauv Spain: cov neeg muaj tub rog tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb thiab haiv neeg sib txawv.
Nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm General Grishin, lub taub hau ntawm Soviet tub rog txawj ntse, tus neeg saib xyuas lub cev Jan Berzin, ua haujlwm hauv Spain. Admiral Don Nicholas (raws li nws tau raug hu, txawm hais tias nws tsis yog admiral) yeej yog tus thawj tub rog, Tus Thawj Tub Rog Kuv Qib Nikolai Kuznetsov, uas dhau los ua Yav Tom Ntej Tib Neeg Commissar thiab Admiral ntawm Fleet. General Douglas, tus kws pab tswv yim dav hlau, yog tus thawj coj tub rog Yakov Smushkevich. Tus Thawj Coj Pablo Fritz yog Pavel Batov tiag, tus kws pab tswv yim tub rog Petrovich yog Kirill Meretskov, thiab Colonel Malino yog Rodion Malinovsky. Cov thawj coj ntawm pab tub rog liab, Latvian Paul Armen, Ossetian Khadzhi Mamsurov, Italian Primo Gibelli, German Ernst Schacht thiab ntau lwm tus tau tawm tsam kev ywj pheej ntawm Spanish koom pheej … qee yam - lub sijhawm nyob hauv chaw pw hav zoov, lossis txawm tias mos txwv nyob tom qab taub hau. Phau ntawv zoo siab txog kev ua rog hauv Spain tau sau los ntawm "Pravdist" Mikhail Koltsov - thiab qhov tshwm sim yog dab tsi? Nws raug tua nyob rau xyoo 1940 …
Tus thawj coj ntawm XI International Brigade yog tus kws sau ntawv Hungarian Mate Zalka, General Lukács. Ntawm cov Interbigadists yog cov neeg German los ntawm Thälmann cov tub rog, thiab cov neeg Asmeskas los ntawm Lincoln pawg tub rog, Askiv, Fab Kis, thiab Tub Rog: tag nrho, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm 54 lub tebchaws tau tawm tsam rau lub tebchaws. Cov neeg Lavxias los ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw dawb kuj yog ib ntawm lawv, txawm hais tias muaj cov uas tau mus tawm tsam ntawm sab ntawm Franco. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias ntau tus txiv neej sib koom ua ke hnav khaub ncaws uas cov neeg Spanish tau muab rau lawv. Tab sis ntau tus hnav lawv tus kheej. Yog li, ntau tus neeg Fabkis tau mus ua rog, nqa nrog lawv cov tub rog lub tsho, tawv tawv mos txwv ntawm xyoo 1916 tus qauv, thiab txawm tias nyuam qhuav tau txais, 1936 tus qauv, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lawv tus kheej Adrian lub kaus mom hlau "xim ntawm lub qab ntuj". Cov neeg Askiv tau xaws lawv Union Jack hla lawv lub luj tshib sab laug, thiab cov neeg Germans tau ncaws pob peb lub hnab Mauser.
Tab sis rau txhua tus tub rog thiab pab pawg uas tawm tsam hauv Spain, cov khaub ncaws hnav tsis yooj yim. Cov poj niam hauv Militianos feem ntau hnav cov khaub ncaws zoo ib yam, cov neeg ua haujlwm hnav lub tsho thiab lub tsho plaid, uas lawv hnav bandoliers. Cov hlua khi tau raug mob hla lub ris ntev, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lawv tau sim tuav cov khau ntaub siab, leggings thiab khau ntawm txhua tus nqi. Tab sis ntau zaus ntau dua, tsis txhob siv khau tawv, cov tiv thaiv ntawm cov koom pheej yuav tsum tau txaus siab nrog alpargatas - qee yam zoo li khau khiab nrog hlua khau. Lawv feem ntau tso lawv ncaj qha rau ntawm cov thom khwm dawb, qhwv zoo li tub rog ntawm lub pob taws, thiab tib lub ntsej muag tau qhwv nrog cov tub rog txoj hlua. Tab sis qee zaum lawv tawm tsam ntawm ko taw liab qab …
Tej zaum cov duab muaj xim tshaj plaws yog peb txhiab tus neeg tsis ntseeg ntawm Buenaventura Durruti. Lawv tau hnav khaub ncaws zoo, tab sis muaj xim zoo nkauj: lawv hnav ob qho tib si mono thiab breeches nrog lub tsho tawv, ua raws li peb tus thawj coj ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob. Lawv qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog cov caj dab liab thiab dub, uas qee zaum tau hloov los ntawm cov kab liab thiab dub ntawm lub taub hau. Milisianos ntawm cov neeg tsis ntseeg tau hnav lub kaus mom liab thiab dub ntawm lawv lub taub hau. Tom qab saib cov yeeb yaj kiab Soviet "Chapaev" thiab "Peb los ntawm Kronstadt," ntau tus neeg tsis ntseeg tau pib xav txog lawv tus kheej qhwv lawv tus kheej nrog rab phom rab phom. Lawv kuj nqa ntau riam phom ntxiv rau lawv tus kheej, thiab txhua yam txhawm rau ua rau muaj kev zoo siab senoritas. Thiab lawv tau hwm tsis yog Kropotkin thiab Bakunin nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog Txiv Makhno, thiab npe lawv cov tub rog tom qab lawv.
Trotsky cov neeg txhawb nqa kuj tau tawm tsam ntawm cov koom pheej koom pheej. Lawv cov khaub ncaws hnav tau sau cov ntawv POUM (Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Pab Pawg ntawm Marxist Kev Sib Koom Tes) hauv xim liab, hauv qab lub hnub qub liab xaws ntawm lawv lub hauv siab. Tom qab ntawd, txoj cai thaum ua tsov rog, lawv tau tawm tsam los ntawm lawv tus kheej … Ntau leej raug kaw, thiab ntau tus raug tua, thiab rau qee tus kws tshaj lij tub rog Soviet, kev sib cuag yooj yim nrog POUM cov neeg tua rog tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau hauv kab lus raws li Tshooj 58…
Cov neeg ua haujlwm cov tub rog tsim los ntawm cov neeg tuaj txawv tebchaws tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm cov ris tsho xiav, uas tau hnav los ntawm txiv neej thiab poj niam, thiab lub kaus mom liab nrog lub npe luv "Cov Neeg Koom Tes". Lwm qhov cim qhia tias yog daim ntaub qhwv liab hla lub luj tshib sab laug, uas piav txog tus rauj thiab lub ntsej muag nrog caj npab hla rau qee qhov laj thawj. Ntxiv rau lub kaus mom liab, cov koom pheej ntawm Republicans kuj tseem yog lub kaus mom liab uas hnav los ntawm cov tub rog Catalan, thiab, dua, cov Basque berets. Thiab Basques yog rau ob tus Republicans thiab Nationalists, yog li ntawm Sab Qaum Teb Sab Hnub Poob lawv tau ntsib "ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj kev thaiv."
Milisianos ntawm Andalusia hnav dav-brimmed peasant straw lub kaus mom, bandoliers uas hla hla lawv lub hauv siab, thiab cov khaub ncaws zoo li qub, uas zoo ib yam li cov neeg Mev Mev ntxeev siab ntawm Pancho Villa. Txhua yam zoo li hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Viva, Villa!", Uas nyob hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum tau nrov raws li "Chapaev".
Mussolini's Italians thiab Hitler's Germans tseem tawm tsam Spanish av. Cov kws tsav dav hlau German los ntawm Condor Legion hnav cov khaub ncaws ntawm tus qauv German, tab sis ua los ntawm mustard beige Spanish ntaub. Qib sib txawv los ntawm cov hnub qub saum lub hnab tshos thiab ntawm lub kaus mom - zoo li cov neeg Mev, tab sis lawv tau txiav nrog Wehrmacht cov tub rog xim. Cov tub ceev xwm uas tsis yog neeg German tseem tau txais cov plaub hau kub hauv lus Mev. Tab sis cov tankers 'dub berets tau "dai kom zoo nkauj" nrog cov tsoos German "tuag taub hau", tab sis ua ke nrog me me swastika.
Cov tub rog Italian thiab cov tub ceev xwm hauv Spain feem ntau tawm tsam hauv lawv cov khaub ncaws hnav hauv tebchaws, vim tias Duce tsis tau ua ntau yam zais cia ntawm lawv haiv neeg, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv feem ntau hnav lub kaus mom Mev thiab kaus mom hlau. Cov Bersagliers tau lees paub los ntawm tufts ntawm qaib plaub. Saum lub lauj tshib sab laug ntawm cov tub rog Italis feem ntau tau xaws ntau xim tiv thaiv nrog cov cim ntawm kev sib cais: "Superorditi", "Littorio", "Flamme Nere" thiab lwm yam. Lub tes tsho kos npe thiab lub ntsej muag lub mis, nrog rau cov cim ntawm lub kaus mom kom yooj yim ntawm lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov neeg Mev, rov hais dua cov lus Mev, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, khawm khawm hauv Italis style tau xaws ntawm lawv lub dab tshos.
P. S. Ua ntej peb yog Franco, txaus siab rau qhov yeej. Nws tau txais hwj chim hla Spain. Hitler kuj zoo li txaus siab: nws tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias hauv Spain nws tau tawm tsam txhua qhov kev tawm tsam, qhov no ua rau nws muaj kev ntseeg siab. Thiab tom qab ntawd … tom qab ntawd muaj Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II!
